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Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy from multi-port to reducedport surgery approach

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第7期15卷 1501-1511页

作者： Ching-Lung Hsieh Tung-Sheng Tsai Cheng-Ming Peng Teng-Chieh Cheng Yi-Jui Liu Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 40724TaiwanChina Department of Surgery Chung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichung 40201TaiwanChina PhD Program of Electrical and Communications Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 40724Taiwan School of Medicine Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichung 40201Taiwan Da Vinci Minimally Invasive Surgery Center Chung Shan Medical University HospitalTaichung 40201Taiwan Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung 407Taiwan

BACKGROUND Minimally invasive pancreatic surgery via the multi-port approach has become a primary surgical method for distal pancreatectomy(DP)due to its advantages of lower wound pain and superior cosmetic *** studies have applied reduced-port techniques for DP in an attempt to enhance cosmetic outcomes due to the minimally invasive *** recent review studies have compared multi-port laparoscopic DP(LDP)and multi-port robotic DP(RDP);most of these studies concluded multi-port RDP is more beneficial than multi-port LDP for spleen ***,there have been no comprehensive reviews of the value of reduced-port LDP and reduced-port *** To search for and review the studies on spleen preservation and the clinical outcomes of minimally invasive DP that compared reduced-port DP surgery with multi-port DP *** The PubMed medical database was searched for articles published between 2013 and *** search terms were implemented using the following Boolean search algorithm:(“distal pancreatectomy”OR“left pancreatectomy”OR“peripheral pancreatic resection”)AND(“reduced-port”OR“single-site”OR“single-port”OR“dual-incision”OR“single-incision”)AND(“spleen-preserving”OR“spleen preservation”OR“splenic preservation”).A literature review was conducted to identify studies that compared the perioperative outcomes of reduced-port LDP and reduced-port *** Fifteen articles published in the period from 2013 to 2022 were retrieved using three groups of search *** studies were added after manually searching the related ***,10 papers were selected after removing case reports(n=3),non-English language papers(n=1),technique papers(n=1),reviews(n=1),and animal studies(n=1).The common items were defined as items reported in more than five papers,and data on these common items were extracted from all *** ten studies included a total of 337 patients(females/males:231/106)who underwent *** total,166 patients(females/male

关键词： Minimally invasive surgery Robotic distal pancreatectomy Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy Spleen preservation Reduced-port Multi-port

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Segmenting Alzheimer's Disease MRI Slices for Hippocampal Volume Calculation

Segmenting Alzheimer's Disease MRI Slices for Hippocampal Vo...

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Taiwan (ICCE-TW)

作者： Hsiao-Chuan Tan Gilang Titah Ramadhan Wei-Cheng Shen Wen-Thong Chang Chih-Yang Lin Ben-Yi Liau Yih-Kuen Jan Yori Pusparani Chi-Wen Lung Department of Artificial Intelligence PhD Program Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Creative Product Design Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Central University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois Urbana America Department of Digital Media Design Asia University Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798350386844

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386851

Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disease that quietly steals human memory. This study analyzed hippocampal volume in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Normal Cognition (NC) using MRI image slices from the ADNI database and YOLOv8 instance segmentation. We used 300 images to segment the left and right hippocampal. This study focused on volume calculation from five MRI image slices. The results showed 0.98 (AD), 0.92 (MCI), and 0.90 (NC) and revealed significant volumetric differences showed in the NC class (P = 0.045). This suggests early neuroanatomical changes can occur without cognitive symptoms, highlighting the potential of deep learning in the early detection of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Instance segmentation Deep learning Accuracy Databases Magnetic resonance imaging Cognition Alzheimer's disease

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Identification and Prevention of Glaucoma Through Digital Processing of Biomedical Imaging by the Relationship Between Volume of Nerve Fibers and Intraocular Pressure

Identification and Prevention of Glaucoma Through Digital Pr...

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AHFE Virtual Conference on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Healthcare and Medical Devices, and the International Conference on Human Factors in Aging and Special Needs, 2020

作者： Pinos-Vélez, Eduardo Chazi, Marlon Cajamarca, Christian Robles-Bykbaev, Vladimir Chacón, Carlos Luis Ipanaqué, William Serpa-Andrade, Luis GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies and GIIB Research Group on Biomedical Engineering Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador Ecuadorian Society of Glaucoma Clinical Santa Lucía Quito Ecuador PhD of Engineering Computer Science and Control DICOP Universidad de Piura Piura Peru

ISBN: (纸本)9783030508371

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide and the first in an irreversible way, many of the studies and investigations are concentrated in methods of control and treatment, however, there are few studies carried out in the areas of prevention and early detection of glaucoma, so, in this research presents the effect of increased intraocular pressure in the optic nerve, especially in damage caused in the layer of nerve fibers and their impact with the visual field, To do this, you work with background images of human eye, obtained from the Clinic "Santa Lucia", digital image processing to characterize parameters that determine a presumptive diagnosis of glaucoma suspect, the results are presented to specialists for a medical diagnosis. © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Optical tomography

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Proposal for a Tool for the Calculation of Toric Intraocular Lens Using Multivariate Regression 1st

Proposal for a Tool for the Calculation of Toric Intraocular...

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1st International Conference on Advances in Emerging Trends and Technologies, ICAETT 2019

作者： Castillo-Cabrera, Johanna Pucha-Ortiz, Nataly Pinos-Velez, Eduardo Ipanque, William Chacón, Carlos Luis GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies and GIIB Research Group on Biomedical Engineering at Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador PhD of Engineering Computer Science and Control Universidad de Piura Piura Peru Board Member of the EcuadoRian Society of Glaucoma Clinical Santa Lucía Quito Ecuador

ISBN: (纸本)9783030320218

A common cause of loss of vision for humans is lens opacity, or cat aracts, which prevent patients from having a full field of vision and lower their visual acuities. Cataracts can be corrected for by replacing the opaque lens with a toric intraocular lens. The calculation for the placement of the toric lens is exceedingly important for the patient´s recovery of vision. Some houses, take date form medical equipment and perform the calculation, but more depends on the experience of the treating physician to ensure the desired effectiveness and efficiency, For this reason, in this investigation, the proposal is presented to perform the calculation, in addition, the approach to simulation of the placement of the lens inside the eye, especially in its axial length and depth in the anterior chamber, determinants for short, medium and long distance with an automatic focus and appropriate, in like manner, the results are exposed to the specialists of the clinic "Santa Lucia" in the city of Quito. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Intraocular lenses

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Proposal for a Support Tool for the Study of Corneal Biomechanics and Its Influence in the Human Eye 1st

Proposal for a Support Tool for the Study of Corneal Biomech...

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1st International Conference on Advances in Emerging Trends and Technologies, ICAETT 2019

作者： Cordero, María Isabel Coronel, Roberto Pinos-Vélez, Eduardo Ipanque, William Chacón, Carlos Luis GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies and GIIB Research Group on Biomedical Engineering at Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador PhD of Engineering Computer Science and Control Universidad de Piura Piura Peru Board Member of the Ecuadorian Society of Glaucoma Clinical Santa Lucía Quito Ecuador

ISBN: (纸本)9783030320218

In search of more effective methods in the diagnosis vision and reduce the risk of post-operative ectasia, this article considers the importance of the biomechanical properties of the cornea and its close relationship with the development of corneal and possible conditions diseases in the human eye. For that reason, part of the literature is the review and analysis of the methods raised to remove accurate information from medical equipment, especially in the equipment Oculus Corvis and ORA from the Clinic "Santa Lucia" in the city of Quito. The corneal indices derived from these instruments can measure biomechanical parameters, but that is not accurate because of features such as geometry or thickness of the central corneal. The Young’s modulus corresponds to the elasticity of the corneal tissue. In addition, it is an important biomechanical feature that states different solutions for their extraction in vitro or in vivo through the use of numerical methods and/or modeling of complex systems of equations to simulate the real corneal tissue. There is also the obtaining of the elasticity of the cornea through processes of images of the human eye, which shows the action of the cornea at the time of using the tonometer. As a result, it demonstrate, in some cases, that the Young’s modulus relates only to the intraocular pressure, but also in other cases, it changes due to the increase of other factors such as age of people, corneal resistance, the central cornea thickness, etc. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Elasticity

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Implementation of support tools for the presumptive diagnosis of glaucoma through identification and processing of medical images of the human eye 4

Implementation of support tools for the presumptive diagnosi...

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4th IEEE International Symposium on Systems engineering, ISSE 2018

作者： Pinos-Velez, Eduardo Flores-Rivera, Maria Ipanque-Alama, William Herrera-Alvarez, Deysi Chacon, CarlosLuis Serpa-Andrade, Luis GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies and GIIB Research Group on Biomedical Engineering Universidad Politecnica Salesiana DICOP Universidad de Piura Cuenca Ecuador GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies Universidad Politecnica Salesiana Cuenca Ecuador PhD of Engineering Computer Science and Control DICOP Universidad de Piura Piura Peru Ophthalmologist Glaucoma and Cataract Specialist Board Member of the Ecuadorian Society of Glaucoma Clinical Santa Lucia Quito Ecuador

ISBN: (纸本)9781538644461

In medicine, the diagnosis of diseases by means of image processing has had great acceptability and credibility, which is why it has been able to explore in depth the theme, taking advantage of mainly which is a non-invasive method within the clinical study. Glaucoma is considered as a group of diseases that damages the optic nerve to the point of causing blindness in the eye, with the disadvantage of in most cases do not exhibit early symptoms. Through this work, the processing biomedical images to locate the parameters considered most relevant within images obtained from the back of the eye to make the determination of the existence or not of Glaucoma, a disease that mainly affects physically the dimensions and proportions of the cup and the optical disc. It gets the value of the reason cup/disc and is additional to the characteristics of the rule ISNT, both parameters considered of great importance in the diagnosis of glaucoma. The results obtained serve as a tool to support the specialist in ophthalmology and optometry in conjunction with a presumptive diagnosis of glaucoma, this way it looks for the early detection and prevention of this disease. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Diagnosis

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Development of a support system for the presumptive diagnosis of glaucoma through the processing of biomedical images of the human eye fundus in Ecuador

Development of a support system for the presumptive diagnosi...

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AHFE 2017 International Conferences on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Healthcare and Medical Devices, 2017

作者： Pinos-Vélez, Eduardo Encalada, Susana Gamboa, Edwin Robles-Bykbaev, Vladimir Ipanque, William Chacón, Carlos Luis GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies and GIIB Research Group on Biomedical Engineering Universidad PolitécnicaSalesiana Cuenca Ecuador DICOP Universidad de Piura Piura Peru Electronic Engineering Universidad PolitécnicaSalesiana Cuenca Ecuador GIIATA Research Group on Artificial Intelligence and Assistive Technologies Universidad PolitécnicaSalesiana Cuenca Ecuador Engineering Computer Science and Control Universidad de Piura Piura Peru Board Member of the Ecuadorian Society of Glaucoma Clinical Santa Lucía Quito Ecuador

ISBN: (纸本)9783319604824

According to the World Health Organization, approximately in the world 5’700.000 persons present blindness or low vision due the glaucoma disease. In Ecuador, the National Council for Equality of Disabilities (CON-ADIS) claims that 13.2% of people live with some form of disability. Of this group, 0.8% people present different kind of visual disabilities, from which an important number are have related with Glaucoma. This article proposes an accessible tool for the ophthalmologist that facilitates the presumptive diagnosis of Glaucoma using only the digital image of the human eye fundus. With the proposed system, we have processed digitally 72 biomedical images of the human eye. With this information, our approach has generated the respective diagnoses for the two techniques ISNT and cup-disc relationship (CDR), which can be stored in PDF format to contrast with a later diagnosis to help the specialist. The CDR technique has produced an average relative error of 4.5% was obtained with respect to the medical results taken from OCT. Both the images and the results of the OCT were acquired from the Clinic "Santa Lucía" of Quito city. © Springer International Publishing AG 2018.

关键词： Image processing

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Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet Public Health 2025年第3期10卷 e172-e188页

作者： Steel, Nicholas Bauer-Staeb, Clarissa Maria Mercedes Ford, John A. Abbafati, Cristiana Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani Abdelkader, Atef Abdi, Parsa Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abukhadijah, Hana J. Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Addo, Isaac Yeboah Addolorato, Giovanni Adekanmbi, Victor Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther Agardh, Emilie E. Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahmad, Danish Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Syed Anees Akinosoglou, Karolina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Al Awaidy, Salah Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed Aldridge, Robert W. Algammal, Abdelazeem M. Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Ali, Abid Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Alicandro, Gianfranco Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Al-Jumaily, Adel Allebeck, Peter Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Al-Rifai, Rami H. Alsabri, Mohammed A. Alshahrani, Najim Z. Aluh, Deborah Oyine Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Zyoud, Walid A. Amiri, Sohrab Anderlini, Deanna Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anil, Abhishek Anvari, Saeid Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Aquilano, Michele Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Areda, Demelash Aremu, Abdulfatai Armani, Keivan Armocida, Benedetta Ärnlöv, Johan Asaduzzaman, Muhammad Astell-Burt, Thomas Aujayeb, Avinash Ausloos, Marcel Azadnajafabad, Sina Aziz, Shahkaar Azzam, Ahmed Y. Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah Badache, Andreea Corina Badiye, Ashish D. Bahramian, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Baker, Jennifer L. Bansal, Hansi Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara Barrow, Amadou Barteit, Sandra Bashir, Shahid Bashiru, Hameed Akande Basso, João Diogo Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Basu, Sanjay Batra, Kavita Bauckneht, Matteo Baune, Bernhard T. Beghi, Massimiliano Beiranvand, Maryam Béjot, Yannick Bell, Michelle L. Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja Belo, Luis Beloukas, Apostolos Beneke, Alice A. Bettencourt, Paulo J.G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhala, Neeraj Bhaskar, Sonu Bisulli, Francesca Bjørge, Tone Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan Carvajal, Alejandro Botero Bouaoud, Souad Brayne, Carol Brenner, H Department of Primary Care and Public Health University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom Office for Health Improvement and Disparities Department of Health and Social Care London United Kingdom Department of Legal and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Rome Italy Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Sciences Ajman University Ajman United Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Memorial University St. John's NL Canada Postgraduate Department University of Sierra Sur Miahuatlan de Porfirio Diaz Mexico Yhteiskuntadatatieteen keskus (Centre for Social Data Science) Helsinki Finland Department of Internal Medicine Federal Medical Centre Abuja Nigeria Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institutet (Karolinska Institute) Stockholm Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy University of Jordan Amman Jordan Medical Research Center Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States School of Medicine Sydney NSW Australia Centre for Social Research in Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Internal Medicine and Alcohol Related Disease Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Università Cattolica di Roma (Catholic University of Rome) Rome Italy Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX United States Department of Biochemistry Osun State University Osogbo Nigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Medical Sciences Ondo Ondo Nigeria Department of Veteri

Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used data and methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to compare changes in life expectancy at birth, causes of death, and population exposure to risk factors in 16 European Economic Area countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden) and the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) for three time periods: 1990–2011, 2011–19, and 2019–21. Changes in life expectancy and causes of death were estimated with an established life expectancy cause-specific decomposition method, and compared with summary exposure values of risk factors for the major causes of death influencing life expectancy. Findings: All countries showed mean annual improvements in life expectancy in both 1990–2011 (overall mean 0·23 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·23 to 0·24]) and 2011–19 (overall mean 0·15 years [0·13 to 0·16]). The rate of improvement was lower in 2011–19 than in 1990–2011 in all countries except for Norway, where the mean annual increase in life expectancy rose from 0·21 years (95% UI 0·20 to 0·22) in 1990–2011 to 0·23 years (0·21 to 0·26) in 2011–19 (difference of 0·03 years). In other countries, the difference in mean annual improvement between these periods ranged from –0·01 years in Iceland (0·19 years [95% UI 0·16 to 0·21] vs 0·18 years [0·09 to 0·26]), to –0·18 years in England (0·25 years [0·24 to 0·25] vs 0·07 years [0·06 to 0·08]). In 2019–21, there was an overall decrease in mean annual life expectancy a

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26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017) of the Organization for Computational Neuroscience Antwerp, Belgium, July 15-20, 2017

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BMC NEUROscience 2017年第SUPPL 1期18卷 59-59页

作者： [Anonymous] Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis IN 46032 USA Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46032 USA Department of Mathematics East Carolina University Greenville NC 27858 USA Jülich Supercomputing Centre Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany Future Systems Swiss National Supercomputing Centre 8092 Zurich Switzerland User Engagement and Support Swiss National Supercomputing Centre 6900 Lugano Switzerland Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes Aix Marseille Univ 13005 Marseille France Simulation Lab Neuroscience Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany Department of Experimental Psychology Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging Radboud University 6525HR Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA Department of Otolaryngology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA INSERM U968 Paris France Sorbonne Universités UPMC University Paris 06 UMR_S 968 Institut de la Vision Paris France CNRS UMR_7210 Paris France Department of Computer Architecture and Technology University of Granada (CITIC) Granada Spain Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06 INSERM CNRS Institut de la Vision Paris France Department of Adaptive Machine Systems Osaka University Osaka Japan Department of Computer Science University of Cergy-Pontoise Cergy-Pontoise France Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Charleston Charleston SC 29424 USA School of Physics Faculty of Science University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Center of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function Australian Research Council Sydney Australia Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Saxony Lei

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Development and application of MCAL tools for marine radar instruction

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computer Applications in engineering Education 1995年第4期3卷 259-259页

作者： Guirguis, S. Korany, E. Abdel-Bary, A. Institute of Graduate Studies and Research Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Shawkat K. Guirguis:obtained the BSc and M.Sc. degrees in Computer Science and Automatic Control Faculty of Engineering Alexandria University in 1981 and 1984 respectively. In 1988 he obtained a PhD degree in Electronics and Communications Faculty of Engineering Cairo University co-supervised by the Imperial College of Science and Technology University of London where he spent two years as an academic visitor. His current research interests include software quality management multimedia automatic programming and decision support systems. He is currently a lecturer of Computer Science at the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research Alexandria University. Ezzat A. Korany:received the BS degree in Electrical Engineering (Electronics Section) from the University of Alexandria Egypt in 1971 the MS degree in Electrical Engineering (Computer Section) from Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt in 1977 and the PhD degree in Electrical Engineering (Digital Systems) from Florida Institute of Technology U.S.A. in 1982. He is currently an associate professor of Computer Science at the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research University of Alexandria. His research interests are in data communications and multimedia applications computer networks image processing and pattern recognition. Abdel-Latif A. Abdel-Bary:obtained the BEng degree in Electronics Technology from Arab Maritime Transport Academy in 1986. In 1995 he obtained the MSc degree in Information Technology from the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research Alexandria University. His current research interests include ICAL hypermedia and automatic programming.

In this article a multimedia computer-assisted learning (MCAL) system is presented. The major objective of this work was to investigate the potential of using such systems as tools for transferring instructional course information through various types of computer media as opposed to the classic CAL systems. The philosophy and techniques employed to design the system are investigated. Usage of the implemented system and its merits have been illustrated through its application to teach engineering students and technicians the theory and concepts of marine radar. System design, implementation, test, and revision phases are presented and discussed.

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