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Alginate modifies the physiological impact of CeO2nanoparticles in corn seedlings cultivated in soil

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第2期26卷 382-389页

作者： Lijuan Zhao Jose R.Peralta-Videa Bo Peng Susmita Bandyopadhyay Baltazar Corral-Diaz Pedro Osuna-Avila Milka O.Montes Arturo A.Keller Jorge L.Gardea-Torresdey Chemistry Department The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University Avenue University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University Avenue Environmental Science and Engineering PhD program The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University Avenue Department of Biological Sciences The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University Avenue Universidad Aut'onoma De Ciudad Ju'arez Plutarco Elias Calles # 1210 Fovissste Chamizal. Ciudad Juarez Chihuahua 32310 Mexico Chemistry Department University of Texas of the Permian Basin Odessa Bren School of Environmental Sciences and Management 3420 Bren Hall University of California

Alginates are naturally occurring components of organic matter in natural soil whose effects on nanoparticle （NP） toxicity to plants is not well understood. In the present study, corn plants were grown for one month in soil spiked with 400 mg/kg CeO2 NPs with various alginate concentrations. After one month of growth in the NPs impacted soil, plants were harvested and analyzed for Ce and mineral element concentrations. Chlorophyll concentration and heat shock protein 70, used as biomarkers for oxidative stress, were also evaluated. Results showed that, compared to CeO2 NPs treatment, alginate at 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg increased Ce concentration in roots by approximately 46%, 38%, and 29% and by 115%, 45%, and 56% in shoots, respectively. CeO 2 NPs without alginate increased Mn accumulation in roots by 34% compared to control. CeO2 NPs with low and medium alginate increased Mn by ca. 92% respect to NPs without alginate and by ca. 155% respect to control. CeO2 NPs without/with alginate significantly increased accumulation of Fe and Al in roots. In addition, alginate at 50 mg/kg increased Zn accumulation in roots by 52% compared to control. In shoots, K increased at all NP treatments but the accumulation of other elements was not affected. Alginate enlarged the impact of CeO2 NPs to corn plants by reducing chlorophyll a content and triggering overexpression of heat shock protein 70.

关键词： CeO2 NPs alginate nutrient uptake chlorophyll heat shock protein

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Help me help you: Building a support network for minority engineering students

Help me help you: Building a support network for minority en...

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120th ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Lee Jr., Walter Curtis Cross, Kelly J. Virginia Tech United States Engineering Education PhD Program Virginia Tech United States

Help Me Help You (HMHY) was developed during the 2011-2012 academic year as a group-mentoring program for African-American students in the Virginia Tech College of engineering. HMHY was based on the VT PACT, a retention program developed during the 2005-2006 academic year for first-year African-American men. The Pact, a book written by Drs. Sampson Davis, George Jenkins, and Rameck Hunt, inspired the VT PACT and was used as a framework for the program. Although students found the program beneficial, the program lost momentum and was discontinued after the graduation of the first-cohort and program facilitator. HMHY was developed to be a revamped and updated version of the VT PACT program and was open to both men and women. The focus and goals of HMHY were specifically designed to promote selfsustaining components (i.e. create a culture within the college where helping one another became a social norm and common practice), and prevent the discontinuity from occurring again. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the development and assessment of this innovative retention program. The paper begins with a brief overview of the retention strategy. Next, HMHY is described in detail. Then the assessment strategy will be discussed as well as how the support program impacted the participating students. The paper concludes with advice for others interested in starting a similar program. © American Society for engineering Education, 2013.

关键词： Students

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Optimal Control of a Healthy Environment Control System – Example of the Living 3.0 Intelligent Living Space

Optimal Control of a Healthy Environment Control System – E...

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2012 2nd International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in engineering(SMNE 2012)

作者： Jui-Ting.Huang Shang-Yuan.Chen Show-Lin.Wen Gwo-Hshiung.Tzeng PhD Program in Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Feng Chia University Department of Architecture Feng Chia University R.O.C Department of Architecture Chinese Culture University R.O.C Kainan University R.O.C

This study proposes the establishment of a healthy environment control system to control a building's outer layer elements, providing users with a comfortable, indoor healthy environmentTaking the L space as an example, a multi-objective decision-making method is used to develop an optimal control mechanism and method for a healthy environment control system, enabling the healthy environment control system to provide a healthy indoor environment and an optimal low energy consumption solution for building environmental control equipmentThe L space consequently has(1) PMV thermal comfort sensing,(2) low energy consumption building environmental control, and(3) use of natural ventilation to regulate the building's indoor microclimate, achieving the goal of establishing an energy-conserving, environmentally-friendly intelligent buildingResearch and practice uncovered important tasks for the next stage, including(1) the development of a simple environmental control microcontroller integration system, the establishment of a user interface mechanism for control system parameters, and(3) the development of logic control technology for decision trees.

关键词： Healthy environment control system,environmental health information management platform,multi-objective decision-making method

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随机扩增多态性DNA技术研究发现二氧化钛纳米颗粒对西葫芦具有基因毒性(英文)

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & engineering) 2014年第8期15卷 618-623页

作者： Fabiola MORENO-OLIVAS Vincent U.GANT Jr. Kyle L.JOHNSON Jose R.PERALTA-VIDEA Jorge L.GARDEA-TORRESDEY Depertment of Chemistry The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX 79968 USA University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN) The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX 79968 USA Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX 79968 USA Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX 79968 USA

研究目的:二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米颗粒已经广泛应用于化妆品、防晒霜、涂料和牙膏等。这些纳米颗粒性质非常稳定,能在废水和生物固体中转移和分散。现有研究表明,TiO2纳米颗粒对动物正常生理活动具有毒性等负面作用。但是,它们对植物是否具... 详细信息

研究目的:二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米颗粒已经广泛应用于化妆品、防晒霜、涂料和牙膏等。这些纳米颗粒性质非常稳定,能在废水和生物固体中转移和分散。现有研究表明,TiO2纳米颗粒对动物正常生理活动具有毒性等负面作用。但是,它们对植物是否具有毒性特别是是否会产生植物基因毒性至今尚不清楚。因此,本文使用随机扩增多态性DNA技术研究TiO2纳米颗粒是否对西葫芦具有基因毒性,为TiO2纳米颗粒排放进入环境后的潜在植物毒性风险评价提供依据。创新要点:首次发现了TiO2纳米颗粒对西葫芦具有基因毒性。重要结论:采用随机扩增多态性DNA技术,发现TiO2纳米颗粒污染处理的西葫芦样品与未处理样品的基因组DNA图谱相比,不仅在谱带强度有明显差异,而且存在谱带消失和新谱带产生现象,表明TiO2纳米颗粒对西葫芦具有基因毒性。

关键词：随机扩增多态性DNA技术 TiO2 纳米颗粒基因组DNA 西葫芦毒性

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Optimizing the Energy Portfolio of the Mexican Electricity Sector by 2050 Considering CO 2 eq Emissions and Life Cycle Assessment

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Energy Procedia 2014年 57卷 850-859页

作者： Edgar Roberto Sandoval García Arturo Morales-Acevedo PhD Program on Science Technology & Society CINVESTAV- IPN Av. Inst. Pol. Nacional No. 2508 07360 Mexico D. F. Mexico Electrical Engineering Departmnet CINVESTAV- IPN Av. Inst. Pol. Nacional No. 2508 07360 Mexico D. F. Mexico

Today, Mexico is one of the leading countries of the Latin American region in receiving foreign direct investment, with expected GDP growth for the coming years between 4% and 6% per annum, according to estimates published by the OECD and other international organizations. Sustaining such growth demands the strengthening of one of the main pillars of economic development, the National Electricity Sector. To accomplish this growth in the electricity sector will require an energy portfolio that allows for three basic conditions in the sector's planning: reliability, economy and sustainability. To ensure the sustainability of the National Electric Sector, the optimal energy portfolio must meet the CO 2 eq emission reduction that the country has adopted based on international commitments. Sources of electricity generation with low water consumption as well as reduced pollutant discharge are needed, given the great importance of water efficiency in energy production. This paper determines an optimal energy portfolio involving conventional technologies, clean technologies and alternative and intermittent renewable technologies, based on a simple optimization model and using variables such as future electricity demand, CO 2 eq emissions by source, and taking into account data from several studies of life cycle assessment of the electricity sector, such as energy payback rate and water pollution. The research presented assumes two scenarios of growth in electricity demand of about 350 and 1,150 TW-hours in 2050.

关键词： energy portfolio optimization mexican electricity sector life cycle assessment GHG emissions.

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Review on engineering and regulatory aspects associated with frequency control capabilities of wind power plants

Review on engineering and regulatory aspects associated with...

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2013 IEEE Energytech, Energytech 2013

作者： Singarao, Venkatesh Yadav Rao, Vittal Harral, Mark A. Multi-disciplinary Wind Science and Engineering PhD Program Texas Tech University Lubbock United States GroupNIRE Clean Energy Development Company Lubbock United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467344449

With the increasing grid penetration levels of wind power, there is an increasing need to study both the power control systems and the regulatory aspects associated with frequency control capabilities of wind power plants at various levels (turbine, wind farm and power system levels). This is especially very important in the United States with a goal of achieving 20% nation's electricity from wind energy by 2030. This paper provides observations and challenges identified with wind energy integration with respect to active power control strategies used in implementing frequency regulation at various levels. This paper also discusses the current and future aspects of market regulation of frequency responsive services offered by converter based variable generation technologies and the need for an appropriate utility market structure in order to provide settlements for these capabilities. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Wind power

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The Microclimatic Influence of a Water Body on an Urban Environment

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Journal of Environmental Science and engineering(B) 2013年第8期2卷 453-459页

作者： Erico Masierc Lea Cristina Lucas de Souza Department of Civil Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos PhD-Post Graduation Program of Urban Engineering Sao Carlos 13560 000 Brazil Department of Civil Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos Professor of Post Graduation Program of Urban Engineering Sao Carlos 13560 000 Brazil

The paper aims to investigate the potential of a water body to influence in lowering the warmth in the city of Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil, due to the evaporative cooling effects. In order to verify its potential, three collecting points of temperature and humidity were placed in an urban area close to the municipal dam. The first one was placed on the dam margin, the second one, 50 m distant of the margin and, the third one, 100 m distant. The data were taken during December 2010 and then compared to the climate data of the Climate Station of CIIAGRO-Integrated Center of Agro Meteorological. The results show that the closer the collection point is to the water body, and the lower is the temperature variation. The humidity taxes verified at the closest point to the water body indicate values higher than those ones collected at the most distant point. The insertion of moisture through the water bodies in an urban environment demonstrated to be a strategy that improved the thermal conditions and has to be considered for urban planners to establish strategies of urban occupation.

关键词： Water body thermal comfort evaporative cooling.

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Impact of biomass in Egypt on climate change

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Natural Science 2013年第6期5卷 678-684页

作者： Dalia Adel Nakhla Mohamed Galal Hassan Salah El Haggar Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Sciences and Engineering The American University in Cairo Cairo Egypt Department of Petroleum Engineering School of Sciences and Engineering The American University in Cairo Cairo Egypt Environmental Engineering PhD Program School of Sciences and Engineering The American University in Cairo Cairo Egypt

Egypt is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change due to the expected detrimental impacts on coastal zones, agriculture, water security as well as indirect social and health impacts. Egypt is responsible for 0.57% of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Although Egypt is a non-annex I country not requiring any specific emission reduction or limitation targets under the Kyoto protocol, its National plans have included mitigation measures to reduce its greenhouse gases. The main sectors contributing to climate change in Egypt are energy, industry, agriculture and waste. Waste, on the other hand, has been accumulating in the streets of Egypt and along its water banks causing considerable air, soil and water pollution and indirect detrimental health impacts. However, this waste which is composed of organic municipal waste, agricultural residues, agro-industrial waste, animal manure and sewage sludge are valuable biomass resources. Utilizing the waste resources of Egypt especially the biomass or the organic component of this waste will not only solve some of the pressing economic needs of Egypt such as animal fodder, fertilizer and fuel but will also alleviate environmental burdens through decreasing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in the sector of waste as well as those of energy, industry and agriculture. This paper quantifies the biomass resources in Egypt generated from different waste resources. Then it demonstrates the efforts that Egypt made to contribute to global greenhouse gas emissions reductions through the Kyoto Protocol’s clean development mechanism (CDM). The projects in the waste sector already established in Egypt and approved as CDM projects are listed, which are related to waste management facilities and those which are waste to energy projects. Finally, a list of mitigation projects as proposed by the Egyptian government to decrease GHGs as related to the waste sector are enumerated.

关键词： Waste Climate Change Biomass Egypt

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Direct detection of adenovirus in environmental waste waters by portable optical fiber sensor platform

Direct detection of adenovirus in environmental waste waters...

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12th IEEE SENSORS 2013 Conference

作者： Yildirim, Nimet Li, Dan Long, Feng Gu, April Z. Bioengineering PhD Program Northeastern University Boston United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northeastern University Boston United States State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Environment Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China 360 Huntington Ave. Boston MA 02115 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467346405

Reusable and portable evanescent wave biosensor for rapid, sensitive and highly selective direct detection of adenoviruses was developed. Here, specific antibody for the hexon protein of the virus was used as a recognition element. Linear detection range was determined from 100PFU/ml to 2000PFU/ml. This direct detection system can be regenerated successfully with over 5 times without significant deterioration of the sensor performance. The developed biosensor system has high specificity towards adenovirus, and it was applied to environmental waste water samples for the detection of adenovirus with 95 to 117% recovery and 1.1 to 8.1% cv values (n=2). © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Optical fibers

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Dynamic Surface for Output Feedback Sliding Modes, the Case of Relative Degree Two

Dynamic Surface for Output Feedback Sliding Modes, the Case ...

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IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Andrea Aparicio Martinez Fernando Castanos Leonid Fridman Electrical Engineering PhD Program of the Faculty of Engineering Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Departamento de Control Automatico Cinvestav IPN Mexico Faculty of Engineering Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9781467357159

A general transformation that takes linear systems into their regular form, for any relative degree is introduced. A sliding surface where unmatched unknown inputs are attenuated via a reduced order H_∞ control is designed, for the case of relative degree two. By a discontinuous control action, the surface is reached exactly in finite time, guaranteeing the minimization of the unmatched disturbance. Complete state measurements are not necessary.

关键词： INCOMPATIBLE Linear system Output feedback Standing Orders Family Members control action discontinuous control Slip surfaces Reduced order

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