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Kynurenic acid affects amplitude of functional spontaneous activity and cognition in bipolar disorder

neuroscience Applied 2024年 3卷

作者： B. Bravi M. Palladini S. Poletti S. Comai C. Colombo R. Zanardi F. Benedetti IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital Division of Neuroscience- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology Unit Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University PhD program in Cognitive Neurosciences Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Medicine and Surgery Faculty Milan Italy University of Padua Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences Padua Italy IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital Mood Disorders Unit Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Psychology Faculty Milan Italy

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Correction to: Metachromatic leukodystrophy with late adult-onset: diagnostic clues and differences from other genetic leukoencephalopathies with dementia

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Journal of neurology 2021年第5期268卷 1977-1979页

作者： Chiara Benzoni Marco Moscatelli Silvia Fenu Anna Venerando Ettore Salsano Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Diseases Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Via Celoria 11 Milan 20133 Italy. chiara.benzoni1@unimi.it. Unit of Neuroradiology Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy. Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Diseases Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Via Celoria 11 Milan 20133 Italy. Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy. Neuroscience PhD Program University of Milano-Bicocca Monza Italy.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake.

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Scaling of a large-scale simulation of synchronous slow-wave and asynchronous awake-like activity of a cortical model with long-range interconnections

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Pastorelli, Elena Capone, Cristiano Simula, Francesco Sanchez-Vives, Maria V. Del Giudice, Paolo Mattia, Maurizio Paolucci, Pier Stanislao INFN Sezione di Roma Rome Italy PhD Program in Behavioural Neuroscience Sapienza University Rome Italy Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy Systems Neuroscience IDIBAPS Barcelona Spain ICREA Barcelona Spain

Cortical synapse organization supports a range of dynamic states on multiple spatial and temporal scales, from synchronous slow wave activity (SWA), characteristic of deep sleep or anesthesia, to fluctuating, asynchronous activity during wakefulness (AW). Such dynamic diversity poses a challenge for producing efficient large-scale simulations that embody realistic metaphors of short- and long-range synaptic connectivity. In fact, during SWA and AW different spatial extents of the cortical tissue are active in a given timespan and at different firing rates, which implies a wide variety of loads of local computation and communication. A balanced evaluation of simulation performance and robustness should therefore include tests of a variety of cortical dynamic states. Here, we demonstrate performance scaling of our proprietary Distributed and Plastic Spiking Neural Networks (DPSNN) simulation engine in both SWA and AW for bidimensional grids of neural populations, which reflects the modular organization of the cortex. We explored networks up to 192×192 modules, each composed of 1250 integrate-and-fire neurons with spike-frequency adaptation, and exponentially decaying intermodular synaptic connectivity with varying spatial decay constant. For the largest networks the total number of synapses was over 70 billion. The execution platform included up to 64 dual-socket nodes, each socket mounting 8 Intel Xeon Haswell processor cores @ 2.40GHz clock rate. Network initialization time, memory usage, and execution time showed good scaling performances from 1 to 1024 processes, implemented using the standard Message Passing Interface (MPI) protocol. We achieved simulation speeds of between 2.3×109and 4.1×109synaptic events per second for both cortical states in the explored range of inter-modular interconnections. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Message passing

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Correction to: Psychometrics and diagnostics of Italian cognitive screening tests: a systematic review

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Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology 2023年第1期44卷 421页

作者： Edoardo Nicolò Aiello Sara Rimoldi Nadia Bolognini Ildebrando Appollonio Giorgio Arcara School of Medicine and Surgery PhD Program in Neuroscience University of Milano-Bicocca Monza Italy. e.aiello5@campus.unimib.it. Department of Psychology University of Milano-Bicocca Milano Italy. Neuropsychological Laboratory IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano Milano Italy. Neurology Section School of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-Bicocca Monza Italy. IRCCS San Camillo Hospital Venice Italy.

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Comparison of endoscopic third ventriculostomy versus cerebrospinal fluid shunt procedures for the treatment of pediatric hydrocephalus in Taiwan

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Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 2024年第9期40卷 2883-2891页

作者： Shu-Mei Chen Li-Ying Chen Jiann-Her Lin Nicole Salazar Tu-Hsueh Yeh Wei-Lun Lo Tai-Ngar Lui Yi-Chen Hsieh Li-Nien Chien Department of Neurosurgery Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Surgery School of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Health Data Analytics and Statistics Center Office of Data Science Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Institute and Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences North Carolina Central University Durham NC USA. Department of Neurology Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Neurology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Neurosurgery Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. The PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei Taiwan. ychsieh@tmu.edu.tw. Institute of Health and Welfare Policy College of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University No.155 Sec. 2 Linong St. Beitou District Taipei Taiwan. linien.chien@nycu.edu.tw. Graduate Institute of Data Science College of Management Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. linien.chien@nycu.edu.tw.

PURPOSE:Pediatric hydrocephalus is the most common cause of surgically treatable neurological disease in children. Controversies exist whether endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt placement is the most appropriate treatment for pediatric hydrocephalus. This study aimed to compare the risk of re-operation and death between the two procedures. METHODS:We performed a retrospective population-based cohort study and included patients younger than 20-years-old who underwent CSF shunt or ETV for hydrocephalus from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. RESULTS:A total of 3,555 pediatric patients from 2004 to 2017 were selected, including 2,340 (65.8%) patients that received CSF shunt placement and 1215 (34.2%) patients that underwent ETV. The incidence of all-cause death was 3.31 per 100 person-year for CSF shunt group and 2.52 per 100 person-year for ETV group, with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.66-0.94, p = 0.009). The cumulative incidence competing risk for reoperation was 31.2% for the CSF shunt group and 26.4% for the ETV group, with an adjusted subdistribution HR of 0.82 (95% CI = 0.70-0.96, p = 0.015). Subgroup analysis showed that ETV was beneficial for hydrocephalus coexisting with brain or spinal tumor, central nervous system infection, and intracranial hemorrhage. CONCLUSION:Our data indicates ETV is a better operative procedure for pediatric hydrocephalus when advanced surgical techniques and instruments are available.

关键词： Cerebrospinal shunt Pediatric hydrocephalus Reoperation Third ventriculostomy

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Choroid plexus volume is increased in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder

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neuroscience Applied 2024年 3卷

作者： B. Bravi M. Paolini M. Maccario C. Milano C. Colombo R. Zanardi F. Benedetti IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital Division of Neuroscience- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology Unit Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University PhD program in Cognitive Neurosciences Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Department of Clinical Neurosciences Milan Italy IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital Mood Disorders Unit Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Medicine and Surgery Faculty Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Psychology Faculty Milan Italy

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Clinical trials of new drugs for Alzheimer disease: a 2020-2023 update

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Journal of biomedical science 2023年第1期30卷 83页

作者： Li-Kai Huang Yi-Chun Kuan Ho-Wei Lin Chaur-Jong Hu PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University No. 291 Zhong Zheng Road Zhonghe District New Taipei City Taiwan. Taipei Neuroscience Institute Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan. Dementia Center and Department of Neurology Shuang-Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan. Department of Neurology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan. School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University No. 291 Zhong Zheng Road Zhonghe District New Taipei City Taiwan. chaurjongh@tmu.edu.tw. Taipei Neuroscience Institute Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan. chaurjongh@tmu.edu.tw. Dementia Center and Department of Neurology Shuang-Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan. chaurjongh@tmu.edu.tw. Department of Neurology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan. chaurjongh@tmu.edu.tw.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, presenting a significant unmet medical need worldwide. The pathogenesis of AD involves various pathophysiological events, including the accumulation of amyloid and tau, neuro-inflammation, and neuronal injury. Clinical trials focusing on new drugs for AD were documented in 2020, but subsequent developments have emerged since then. Notably, the US-FDA has approved Aducanumab and Lecanemab, both antibodies targeting amyloid, marking the end of a nearly two-decade period without new AD drugs. In this comprehensive report, we review all trials listed in ***, elucidating their underlying mechanisms and study designs. Ongoing clinical trials are investigating numerous promising new drugs for AD. The main trends in these trials involve pathophysiology-based, disease-modifying therapies and the recruitment of participants in earlier stages of the disease. These trends underscore the significance of conducting fundamental research on pathophysiology, prevention, and intervention prior to the occurrence of brain damage caused by AD.

关键词： Alzheimer disease Anti-amyloid Anti-tau Clinical trials Cognitive enhancement Neuroinflammation Neuroprotection

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Investigating the neural correlates of treatment-resistance depression: a white matter integrity study

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neuroscience Applied 2024年 3卷

作者： C. Milano B. Bravi M. Paolini M. Maccario C. Colombo R. Zanardi F. Benedetti IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Division of Neuroscience- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University PhD program in Cognitive Neurosciences Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Mood Disorders Unit Milan Italy IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital Mood Disorders Unit Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Medicine and Surgery Faculty Milan Italy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Psychology Faculty Milan Italy

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Outdoor Air Pollution Relates to Amygdala Subregion Volume and Apportionment in Early Adolescence

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Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science 2025年

作者： Jessica Morrel L. Nate Overholtzer Kirthana Sukumaran Devyn L. Cotter Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez J. Michael Tyszka Joel Schwartz Daniel A. Hackman Jiu-Chiuan Chen Megan M. Herting Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA USC-Caltech MD-PhD Program Los Angeles CA USA Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Department of Neurology Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

Background Outdoor air pollution exposure is associated with structural and functional brain differences, and an increased risk for psychopathology. Although the neural mechanisms remain unclear, air pollutants may impact mental health by altering brain regions implicated in psychopathology, such as the amygdala. Here, we examine the association between ambient air pollution exposure and amygdala subregion volumes in 9–10-year-olds. Methods Cross-sectional data from 4,473 (55.4% male) Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development SM (ABCD) Study® participants were leveraged. Air pollution exposure was estimated based on each participant’s primary residential address. Using the CIT168 atlas, we quantified total amygdala and 9 subregion volumes from T1- and T2-weighted images. We investigated associations between criteria pollutants (i.e., fine particulate matter [PM 2.5 ], nitrogen dioxide, and ground-level ozone), 15 PM 2.5 components, and amygdala subregion volumes and relative volume fractions using both single-pollutant linear mixed-effects regression and partial least squares correlation (PLSC) co-exposure modeling approaches. Results No significant associations were detected using single-pollutant models. Rather, in examining mixtures of exposures with PLSC, one latent dimension (52% variance explained) captured a positive association between calcium and several basolateral subregions. Latent dimensions were also identified for amygdala relative volume fractions (ranging from 30% to 82% variance explained), with PM 2.5 and component co-exposure associated with increases in lateral, but decreases in medial and central, relative volume fractions. Conclusions Fine particulate matter and its components are associated with distinct amygdala differences, potentially playing a role in risk for adolescent mental health problems.

关键词： amygdala air pollution PM 2.5 neuroimaging ABCD Study brain development

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Time moderates the interplay between 5-HTTLPR and stress on depression risk – Gene x environment interaction as dynamic process

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neuroscience Applied 2022年 1卷

作者： C. Delli Colli M. Borgi S. Poggini F. Chiarotti F. Cirulli B.W.J.H. Penninx F. Benedetti B. Vai I. Branchi Sapienza University of Rome PhD program in Pharmacology and Toxicology- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer” Roma Italy Istituto Superiore di Sanità Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health Roma Italy Amsterdam UMC- Vrije Universiteit Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam Netherlands- The IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology- Division of Neuroscience Milano Italy

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