We present a catalog of hard X-ray serendipitous sources detected in the first 80 months of observations by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). The NuSTAR serendipitous survey 80-month (NSS80) catalog ...
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Contribution of a d electron to ferroelectricity of type-II multiferroics causes strong magnetoelectric coupling and distinguishes them from the conventional type-I multiferroics. However, their therein polarization i...
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Contribution of a d electron to ferroelectricity of type-II multiferroics causes strong magnetoelectric coupling and distinguishes them from the conventional type-I multiferroics. However, their therein polarization is too small because the ferroelectricity is merely a derivative from the magnetic order. Here we report a class of multiferroic materials, monolayer VOX2 (X=Cl, Br, and I), which combine the advantages of type-I and type-II multiferroics. Both ferroelectricity and magnetism arise from the same V cation, where the filled d orbital is perpendicular to an a priori ferroelectric polarization and thus poses no hindrance to ferroelectricity, indicating a violation of the usual d0 rule. This makes the combination of large polarizations and strong magnetoelectric coupling possible. Our findings not only add new ferromagnetic-ferroelectric multiferroics, but also point to a unique mechanism to engineer multiferroics.
Noise appears in the brain due to various sources, such as ionic channel fluctuations and synaptic events. They affect the activities of the brain and influence neuron action potentials. Stochastic differential equati...
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Hadronic resonances are used to probe the hadron gas produced in the late stage of heavy-ion collisions since they decay on the same timescale, of the order of 1–10 fm/c, as the decoupling time of the system. In the ...
Hadronic resonances are used to probe the hadron gas produced in the late stage of heavy-ion collisions since they decay on the same timescale, of the order of 1–10 fm/c, as the decoupling time of the system. In the hadron gas, (pseudo)elastic scatterings among the products of resonances that decayed before the kinetic freeze-out and regeneration processes counteract each other, the net effect depending on the resonance lifetime, the duration of the hadronic phase, and the hadronic cross sections at play. In this context, the $$\Sigma (1385)^{\pm }$$ particle is of particular interest as models predict that regeneration dominates over rescattering despite its relatively short lifetime of about 5.5 fm/c. The first measurement of the $$\Sigma (1385)^{\pm }$$ resonance production at midrapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}= 5.02$$ TeV with the ALICE detector is presented in this Letter. The resonances are reconstructed via their hadronic decay channel, $$\Lambda \pi $$ , as a function of the transverse momentum ( $$p_\textrm{T}$$ ) and the collision centrality. The results are discussed in comparison with the measured yield of pions and with expectations from the statistical hadronization model as well as commonly employed event generators, including PYTHIA8/Angantyr and EPOS3 coupled to the UrQMD hadronic cascade afterburner. None of the models can describe the data. For $$\Sigma (1385)^{\pm }$$ , a similar behaviour as $$\textrm{K}^{*} (892)^{0}$$ is observed in data unlike the predictions of EPOS3 with afterburner.
Materials hosting magnetic skyrmions at room temperature could enable new computing architectures as well as compact and energetically efficient magnetic storage such as racetrack memories 1–7. In a racetrack device,...
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Machine learning models are changing the paradigm of molecular modeling, which is a fundamental tool for material science, chemistry, and computational biology. Of particular interest is the inter-atomic potential ene...
Machine learning models are changing the paradigm of molecular modeling, which is a fundamental tool for material science, chemistry, and computational biology. Of particular interest is the inter-atomic potential energy surface (PES). Here we develop Deep Potential - Smooth Edition (DeepPot-SE), an end-to-end machine learning-based PES model, which is able to efficiently represent the PES of a wide variety of systems with the accuracy of ab initio quantum mechanics models. By construction, DeepPot-SE is extensive and continuously differentiable, scales linearly with system size, and preserves all the natural symmetries of the system. Further, we show that DeepPot-SE describes finite and extended systems including organic molecules, metals, semiconductors, and insulators with high fidelity.
The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration recently published the first images of the supermassive black holes in the cores of the Messier 87 and Milky Way galaxies. These observations have provided a new means t...
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Complex spatiotemporal dynamics of physicochemical processes are often modeled at a microscopic level (through e.g. atomistic, agent-based or lattice models) based on first principles. Some of these processes can also...
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The power spectrum of cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing will be measured to sub-percent precision with upcoming surveys, enabling tight constraints on the sum of neutrino masses and other cosmological paramete...
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The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are catalyzing transformative changes in atomic modeling, simulation, and design. AI-driven potential energy models have demonstrated the capability to conduct la...
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