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arXiv 2019年

作者： Sahlu, Shambel Ntahompagaze, Joseph Abebe, Amare De La Cruz-Dombriz, Álvaro Mota, David F. Astronomy and Astrophysics Department Entoto Observatory and Research Center Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute Ethiopia Department of Physics College of Natural and Computational Science Wolkite University Ethiopia Department of Physics College of Science and Technology University of Rwanda Rwanda Center for Space Research North-West University Mafikeng South Africa Cosmology and Gravity Group Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Cape Town Rondebosch7701 South Africa Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics University of Oslo Oslo Norway

We investigate the cosmological scalar perturbations of standard matter in the context of extended teleparallel f(T) gravity theories using the 1 + 3 covariant formalism. We review the gravitational field equations of f(T) gravity to introduce therein a gauge-invariant spatial gradient of the torsion fluid and obtain the linear perturbation equations. After performing the usual scalar and harmonic decompositions, we analyze the matter perturbations in the quasi-static approximation for two non-interacting fluids scenarios, namely torsion-dust and torsion-radiation mixtures. We consider the f(T) power-law paradigmatic classes of models f(T) = αT0 ( − TT0 )n, for both torsion-dust and torsion-radiation scenarios. Under this scope, exact solutions of the matter perturbations are obtained. We examine the growth of the matter density contrast for these mixtures. In a similar manner, we also consider the long- and short-wavelength modes in the torsion-radiation case. We consider different values of n to explore the growth of matter density contrast with red-shift. For the case of n closer to one, our paradigmatic f(T) gravity model is favored with the usual results of general relativity (GR) and general relativity with a cosmological constant (ΛCDM). However, for the case of n >> 1 the amplitude of the matter density fluctuation extremely high and unrealistic to compare with GR and ΛCDM results for these non-interacting fluids. Notably, in the torsion-radiation system, the behavior of the growth of matter density contrasts is abandoned and ruled-out for n Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dust

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HYPOTHETICAL HYPERBOLIC ENCOUNTERS BETWEEN VENUS AND PROTO-MERCURY THAT PARTIALLY STRIPPED AWAY PROTO-MERCURY’S MANTLE

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Deng, Hongping Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Centre for Mathematical Sciences Wilberforce Road CambridgeCB3 0WA United Kingdom Center for Theoretical Astrophysics and Cosmology Institute for Computational Science University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 Zurich8057 Switzerland

Mercury has an unusually large metal core comprising ∼70% of its mass comparing to all other terrestrial planets in the solar system. Giant impacts can remove a significant fraction of the silicate mantle of a chondritic proto-Mercury and form the iron rich present-day Mercury. However, such high-temperature giant impacts seem at odds with the retainment of moderately volatile elements on present-day Mercury (Peplowski et al. 2011). We simulated a series of hyperbolic encounters between proto-Mercury and proto-Venus, which may occur in the chaotic early solar system. Tidal disruption of proto-Mercury always removes part of its silicate mantle while its iron core remains intact. We find, in favourable cases, four close encounters with fast spinning projectiles (resulting from previous encounters) can lead to present-day Mercury iron fraction. More encounters are needed when the spin and orbital angular momentum are not always aligned. These hyperbolic encounters have various outcomes, such as orbital decay, binary planets and change of spin rates. These results suggest the importance of proper treatment of close encounters in N-body simulations of planetary accretion. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Planets

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Objective comparison of methods to decode anomalous diffusion

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Muñoz-Gil, Gorka Volpe, Giovanni Garcia-March, Miguel Angel Aghion, Erez Argun, Aykut Hong, Chang Beom Bland, Tom Bo, Stefano Conejero, J. Alberto Firbas, Nicolás Orts, Òscar Garibo Gentili, Alessia Huang, Zihan Jeon, Jae-Hyung Kabbech, Hélène Kim, Yeongjin Kowalek, Patrycja Krapf, Diego Loch-Olszewska, Hanna Lomholt, Michael A. Masson, Jean-Baptiste Meyer, Philipp G. Park, Seongyu Requena, Borja Smal, Ihor Song, Taegeun Szwabinski, Janusz Thapa, Samudrajit Verdier, Hippolyte Volpe, Giorgio Widera, Arthur Lewenstein, MacIej Metzler, Ralf Anzo, Carlo 08860 Spain Department of Physics University of Gothenburg Origovägen 6B GothenburgSE-41296 Sweden Instituto Universitario de Matemática Pura y Aplicada Universitat Politècnica de València Spain Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Nöthnitzer Straße 38 DresdenDE-01187 Germany Department of Physics Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Francis Crick Institute 1 Midland Road LondonNW1 1AT United Kingdom Department of Chemistry University College London 20 Gordon Street LondonWC1H 0AJ United Kingdom School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha410082 China Department of Cell Biology Erasmus Mc Rotterdam Netherlands Faculty of Pure and Applied Mathematics Hugo Steinhaus Center Wroclaw University of Science and Technology Wroclaw Poland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University Fort CollinsCO80523 United States PhyLife Department of Physics Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Southern Denmark Odense MDK-5230 Denmark Institut Pasteur Decision and Bayesian Computation Lab Paris France Center for Ai and Natural Sciences Korea Institute for Advanced Study Seoul Korea Republic of Institute for Physics and Astronomy University of Potsdam Karl-Liebknecht-Str 24/25 Potsdam-GolmD-14476 Germany Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv69978 Israel School of Mechanical Engineering Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv69978 Israel Institut Pasteur Decision and Bayesian Computation Lab Paris France Department of Physics Research Center Optimas Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern67663 Germany Icrea Pg. Lluís Companys 23 Barcelona08010 Spain C. de la Laura 13 Vic08500 Spain

Deviations from Brownian motion leading to anomalous diffusion are ubiquitously found in transport dynamics, playing a crucial role in phenomena from quantum physics to life sciences. The detection and characterization of anomalous diffusion from the measurement of an individual trajectory are challenging tasks, which traditionally rely on calculating the mean squared displacement of the trajectory. However, this approach breaks down for cases of important practical interest, e.g., short or noisy trajectories, ensembles of heterogeneous trajectories, or non-ergodic processes. Recently, several new approaches have been proposed, mostly building on the ongoing machine-learning revolution. Aiming to perform an objective comparison of methods, we gathered the community and organized an open competition, the Anomalous Diffusion challenge (AnDi). Participating teams independently applied their own algorithms to a commonly-defined dataset including diverse conditions. Although no single method performed best across all scenarios, the results revealed clear differences between the various approaches, providing practical advice for users and a benchmark for developers. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trajectories

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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Probing the baryon content of SDSS DR15 galaxies with the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effects

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Vavagiakis, Eve M. Gallardo, Patricio A. Calafut, Victoria Amodeo, Stefania Aiola, Simone Austermann, Jason E. Battaglia, Nicholas Battistelli, Elia S. Beall, James A. Bean, Rachel Bond, J. Richard Calabrese, Erminia Choi, Steve K. Cothard, Nicholas F. Devlin, Mark J. Duell, Cody J. Duff, S.M. Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J. Dunkley, Jo Dunner, Rolando Ferraro, Simone Guan, Yilun Hill, J. Colin Hilton, G.C. Hilton, Matt Hložek, Renee Huber, Zachary B. Hubmayr, Johannes Huffenberger, Kevin M. Hughes, John P. Koopman, Brian J. Kosowsky, Arthur Li, Yaqiong Lokken, Martine Madhavacheril, Mathew McMahon, Jeff Moodley, Kavilan Naess, Sigurd Nati, Federico Newburgh, Laura B. Niemack, Michael D. Page, Lyman Partridge, Bruce Schaan, Emmanuel Schillaci, Alessandro Sifon, Cristobal Spergel, David N. Staggs, Suzanne T. Ullom, Joel N. Vale, Leila R. van Engelen, Alexander van Lanen, J. Wollack, Edward J. Xu, Zhilei Department of Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Astronomy Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute New YorkNY10010 United States NIST Quantum Sensors Group 325 Broadway BoulderCO80305 United States Physics Department Sapienza University of Rome Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 RomeI-00185 Italy Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H8 Canada School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University The Parade CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Department of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 South 33rd Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics Jadwin Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Astrophysical Sciences Peyton Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Instituto de Astrofísica Centro de Astro-Ingeniería Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Macul Santiago7820436 Chile Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road BerkeleyCA94720 United States Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics UC Berkeley CA94720 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Department of Physics Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Astrophysics Research Centre University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus Durban4041 South Africa David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George St. TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George St. TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada Department of Physics Florida State University TallahasseeFL32306 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers The State

We present measurements of the average thermal Sunyaev Zel’dovich (tSZ) effect from optically selected galaxy groups and clusters at high signal-to-noise (up to 12σ) and estimate their baryon content within a 2.10 radius aperture. Sources from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) DR15 catalog overlap with 3,700 sq. deg. of sky observed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2008 to 2018 at 150 and 98 GHz (ACT DR5), and 2,089 sq. deg. of internal linear combination component-separated maps combining ACT and Planck data (ACT DR4). The corresponding optical depths, τ¯, which depend on the baryon content of the halos, are estimated using results from cosmological hydrodynamic simulations assuming an AGN feedback radiative cooling model. We estimate the mean mass of the halos in multiple luminosity bins, and compare the tSZ-based τ¯ estimates to theoretical predictions of the baryon content for a Navarro–Frenk–White profile. We do the same for τ¯ estimates extracted from fits to pairwise baryon momentum measurements of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect (kSZ) for the same data set obtained in a companion paper. We find that the τ¯ estimates from the tSZ measurements in this work and the kSZ measurements in the companion paper agree within 1σ for two out of the three disjoint luminosity bins studied, while they differ by 2-3σ in the highest luminosity bin. The optical depth estimates account for one third to all of the theoretically predicted baryon content in the halos across luminosity bins. Potential systematic uncertainties are discussed. The tSZ and kSZ measurements provide a step towards empirical Compton-ȳ-¯ τ relationships to provide new tests of cluster formation and evolution models. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hadrons

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The Nystrom Extension for Signals Defined on a Graph

The Nystrom Extension for Signals Defined on a Graph

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Ayelet Heimowitz Yonina C. Eldar The Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton NJ USA Department of Electrical Engineering Technion Haifa Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781538646595

In this paper we introduce a computationally efficient solution to the problem of graph signal interpolation. Our solution is derived using the Nyström extension and is due to the properties of the Markov matrix which we use as our graph shift operator, inspired by diffusion maps. We focus on graph signals that are smooth over the graph. This assumption cements the relationship between the graph and the graph signal. We experimentally verify our suggested framework on the MNIST data set of handwritten digits.

关键词： Markov processes Signal processing Interpolation Laplace equations Symmetric matrices Image edge detection Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Effect with SDSS DR15 galaxies

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Calafut, Victoria Gallardo, Patricio A. Vavagiakis, Eve M. Amodeo, Stefania Aiola, Simone Austermann, Jason E. Battaglia, Nicholas Battistelli, Elia S. Beall, James A. Bean, Rachel Bond, J. Richard Calabrese, Erminia Choi, Steve K. Cothard, Nicholas F. Devlin, Mark J. Duell, Cody J. Duff, S.M. Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J. Dunkley, Jo Dunner, Rolando Ferraro, Simone Guan, Yilun Hill, J. Colin Hilton, G.C. Hilton, Matt Hlozek, Renee Huber, Zachary B. Hubmayr, Johannes Huffenberger, Kevin M. Hughes, John P. Koopman, Brian J. Kosowsky, Arthur Li, Yaqiong Lokken, Martine Madhavacheril, Mathew McMahon, Jeff Moodley, Kavilan Naess, Sigurd Nati, Federico Newburgh, Laura B. Niemack, Michael D. Page, Lyman Partridge, Bruce Schaan, Emmanuel Schillaci, Alessandro Sifon, Cristobal Spergel, David N. Staggs, Suzanne T. Ullom, Joel N. Vale, Leila R. van Engelen, Alexander van Lanen, J. Wollack, Edward J. Xu, Zhilei Department of Astronomy Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute New YorkNY10010 United States NIST Quantum Devices Group 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03 BoulderCO80305 United States Physics Department Sapienza University of Rome Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 RomeI-00185 Italy Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H8 Canada School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University The Parade CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Department of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 South 33rd Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics Jadwin Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Astrophysical Sciences Peyton Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Instituto de Astrofísica Centro de Astro-Ingeniería Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Macul Santiago7820436 Chile Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road BerkeleyCA94720 United States Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics UC Berkeley CA94720 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Department of Physics Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Astrophysics Research Centre University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus Durban4041 South Africa David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George St. TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George St. TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada Department of Physics Florida State University TallahasseeFL32306 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Ru

We present a 5.4σ detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (kSZ) effect using Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and Planck CMB observations in combination with Luminous Red Galaxy samples from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR15 catalog. Results are obtained using three ACT CMB maps: co-added 150 GHz and 98 GHz maps, combining observations from 2008-2018 (ACT DR5), which overlap with SDSS DR15 over 3,700 sq. deg., and a component-separated map using night-time only observations from 2014-2015 (ACT DR4), overlapping with SDSS DR15 over 2,089 sq. deg. Comparisons of the results from these three maps provide consistency checks in relation to potential frequency-dependent foreground contamination. A total of 343,647 galaxies are used as tracers to identify and locate galaxy groups and clusters from which the kSZ signal is extracted using aperture photometry. We consider the impact of various aperture photometry assumptions and covariance estimation methods on the signal extraction. Theoretical predictions of the pairwise velocities are used to obtain best-fit, mass-averaged, optical depth estimates for each of five luminosity-selected tracer samples. A comparison of the kSZ-derived optical depth measurements obtained here to those derived from the thermal SZ effect for the same sample is presented in a companion paper. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Kinematics

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The Simons Observatory: Constraining inationary gravitational waves with multi-tracer B-mode delensing

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Namikawa, Toshiya Lizancos, Anton Baleato Robertson, Naomi Sherwin, Blake D. Challinor, Anthony Alonso, David Azzoni, Susanna Baccigalupi, Carlo Calabrese, Erminia Carron, Julien Chinone, Yuji Chluba, Jens Coppi, Gabriele Errard, Josquin Fabbian, Giulio Ferraro, Simone Kalaja, Alba Lewis, Antony Madhavacheril, Mathew S. Meerburg, P. Daniel Meyers, Joel Nati, Federico Orlando, Giorgio Poletti, Davide Puglisi, Giuseppe Remazeilles, Mathieu Sehgal, Neelima Tajima, Osamu Teply, Grant Van Engelen, Alexander Wollack, Edward J. Xu, Zhilei Yu, Byeonghee Zhu, Ningfeng Zonca, Andrea Utias The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Wilberforce Road CambridgeCB3 0WA United Kingdom Institute of Astronomy Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics University of Oxford Denys Wilkinson Building Keble Road OxfordOX1 3RH United Kingdom Via Bonomea 265 Trieste34136 Italy Grignano34151 Italy Sezione di Trieste Via Valerio 2 TriesteI-34127 Italy School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University The Parade Wales CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Université de Genève Département de Physique Théorique Cap 24 Quai Ansermet Genève 4CH-1211 Switzerland Research Center for the Early Universe School of Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Manchester Alan Turing Building Oxford Road ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Milano-Bicocca Piazza della Scienza 3 Milano20126 Italy Université de Paris Cnrs Astroparticule et Cosmologie ParisF-75013 France Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 5th Avenue New YorkNY10010 United States Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity University of Groningen Nijen- borgh 4 Groningen9747 AG Netherlands Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Sussex BrightonBN1 9QH United Kingdom Centre for the Universe Perimeter Institute ON WaterlooN2L 2Y5 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90007 United States Department of Physics Southern Methodist Univers

We introduce and validate a delensing framework for the Simons Observatory (SO), which will be used to improve constraints on inflationary gravitational waves (IGWs) by reducing the lensing noise in measurements of the B-modes in CMB polarization. SO will initially observe CMB by using three small aperture telescopes and one large-aperture telescope. While polarization maps from small-aperture telescopes will be used to constrain IGWs, the internal CMB lensing maps used to delens will be reconstructed from data from the large-aperture telescope. Since lensing maps obtained from the SO data will be noise-dominated on sub-degree scales, the SO lensing framework constructs a template for lensing-induced B-modes by combining internal CMB lensing maps with maps of the cosmic infrared background from Planck as well as galaxy density maps from the LSST survey. We construct a likelihood for constraining the tensor-to-scalar ratio r that contains auto- and cross-spectra between observed B-modes and the lensing B-mode template. We test our delensing analysis pipeline on map-based simulations containing survey non-idealities, but that, for this initial exploration, does not include contamination from Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds. We find that the SO survey masking and inhomogeneous and atmospheric noise have very little impact on the delensing performance, and the r constraint becomes σ(r) ≈ 0.0015 which is close to that obtained from the idealized forecasts in the absence of the Galactic foreground and is nearly a factor of two tighter than without delensing. We also find that uncertainties in the external large-scale structure tracers used in our multi-tracer delensing pipeline lead to bias much smaller than the 1 σ statistical uncertainties. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Observatories

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Supersymmetry and representation theory in low dimensions

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Calkins, Mathew Gates, S. James Klivans, Caroline Google Search 111 8th Ave New YorkNY10011 United States Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University 251 Mercer Street New YorkNY10012 United States Brown Theoretical Physics Center Barus Hall Box S 340 Brook Street ProvidenceRI02912 United States Department of Physics Brown University Barus & Holley Box 1843 182 Hope Street ProvidenceRI02912 United States Division of Applied Mathematics Brown University 182 George Street ProvidenceRI02906 United States Institute for Computational & Experimental Research in Mathematics Brown University 121 South Main Street ProvidenceRI02903 United States

Beginning from a discussion of the known most fundamental dynamical structures of the Standard Model of physics, extended into the realms of mathematics and theory by the concept of "supersymmetry" or "SUSY," an introduction to efforts to develop a complete representation theory is given. Techniques drawing from graph theory, coding theory, Coxeter Groups, Riemann surfaces, and computational approaches to the study of algebraic varieties are briefly highlighted as pathways for future exploration and progress. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Supersymmetry

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Unsupervised particle sorting for high-resolution single-particle cryo-EM

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhou, Ye Moscovich, Amit Bendory, Tamir Bartesaghi, Alberto Department of Computer Science Duke University Durham United States Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University United States School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Biochemistry Duke University School of Medicine Durham United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham United States

Single-particle cryo-Electron Microscopy (EM) has become a popular technique for determining the structure of challenging biomolecules that are inaccessible to other technologies. Recent advances in automation, both in data collection and data processing, have significantly lowered the barrier for non-expert users to successfully execute the structure determination workflow. Many critical data processing steps, however, still require expert user intervention in order to converge to the correct high-resolution structure. In particular, strategies to identify homogeneous populations of particles rely heavily on subjective criteria that are not always consistent or reproducible among different users. Here, we explore the use of unsupervised strategies for particle sorting that are compatible with the autonomous operation of the image processing pipeline. More specifically, we show that particles can be successfully sorted based on a simple statistical model for the distribution of scores assigned during refinement. This represents an important step towards the development of automated workflows for protein structure determination using single-particle *** Codes 62P10 Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Multifunctional hyperuniform cellular networks: Optimality, anisotropy and disorder

引用

Multifunctional Materials 2018年第1期1卷

作者： Torquato, S. Chen, D. Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Chemistry Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

Disordered hyperuniform heterogeneousmaterials are new, exotic amorphous states of matter that behave like crystals in themanner in which they suppress volume-fraction fluctuations at large length scales, and yet are statistically isotropic with no Bragg peaks. It has recently been shown that disordered hyperuniform dielectric two-dimensional (2D) cellular network solids possess complete photonic band gaps comparable in size to photonic crystals,while at the same timemaintaining statistical isotropy, enabling waveguide geometries not possible with photonic crystals. Motivated by these developments, we explore other functionalities of various 2D ordered and disordered hyperuniform cellular networks, including their effective thermal or electrical conductivities and *** the multifunctionality of a class of such low-density networks by demonstrating that theymaximize or virtually maximize the effective conductivities and elastic moduli. This is accomplished using themachinery of homogenization theory, including optimal bounds and cross-property bounds, and statistical *** rigorously prove that anisotropic networks consisting of sets of intersecting parallel channels in the low-density limit, ordered or disordered, possess optimal effective conductivity tensors. For a variety of different disordered networks,we showthatwhen short-range and long-range order increases, there is an increase in both the effective conductivity and elasticmoduli of the network. Moreover,we demonstrate that the effective conductivity and elasticmoduli of various disordered networks derived from disordered 'stealthy' hyperuniform point patterns possess virtually optimal *** note that the optimal networks for conductivity are also optimal for the fluid permeability associatedwith slow viscous flow through the channels as well as themean survival time associated with diffusioncontrolled reactions in the channels. In summary,we have identified ordered and disor

关键词： Transport properties

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