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Publisher Correction: Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by cataract: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020

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Eye (London, England) 2024年第11期38卷 2229-2231页

作者： Konrad Pesudovs Hugh R. Taylor Tabassom Sedighi Rupert R. A. Bourne Shahina Pardhan Van Charles Lansingh John H. Kempen Ian Tapply Arthur G. Fernandes Maria Vittoria Cicinelli Alessandro Arrigo Nicolas Leveziel Serge Resnikoff Seth Flaxman Mukkharram M. Bikbov Tasanee Braithwaite Alain Bron Ching-Yu Cheng Monte A. Del Monte Joshua R. Ehrlich Leon B. Ellwein David Friedman João M. Furtado Gus Gazzard Ronnie George M. Elizabeth Hartnett Jost B. Jonas Rim Kahloun Moncef Khairallah Rohit C. Khanna Janet Leasher Julie-Anne Little Vinay Nangia Michal Nowak Tunde Peto Pradeep Ramulu Fotis Topouzis Mitiadis Tsilimbaris Ya Xing Wang Ningli Wang Paul Svitil Briant Theo Vos Katrin Burkart Kaleb Coberly Xiaochen Dai Stephen S. Lim Tomislav Mestrovic Ali H. Mokdad Christopher J. L. Murray Jaimie D. Steinmetz Awoke Misganaw Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abate Mohammad Abdollahi Mozhan Abdollahi Ayele Mamo Abebe Olumide Abiodun Richard Gyan Aboagye Woldu Aberhe Abrha Hasan Abualruz Hiwa Abubaker Ali Eman Abu-Gharbieh Salahdein Aburuz Tadele Girum Girum Adal Mesafint Molla Adane Isaac Yeboah Addo Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani Muhammad Sohail Afzal Muhammad Umair Shahin Aghamiri Bright Opoku Ahinkorah Aqeel Ahmad Sajjad Ahmad Ali Ahmadi Siamak Sabour Ayman Ahmed Haroon Ahmed Ahmad Samir Alfaar Abid Ali Syed Shujait Shujait Ali Awais Altaf Hubert Amu Emmanuel Manu Sofia Androudi Rodrigo Anguita Abhishek Anil Rimple Jeet Kaur Muhammad Aaqib Shamim Saeid Anvari Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor Francis Appiah Jalal Arabloo Haleh Ayatollahi Mosab Arafat Damelash Areda Reza Arefnezhad Brhane Berhe Aregawi Akeza Awealom Asgedom Tahira Ashraf Seyyed Shamsadin Athari Bantalem Tilaye Tilaye Atinafu Birhan Tsegaw Taye Maha Moh’d Wahbi Atout Alok Atreya Ahmed Y. Azzam Hassan Babamohamadi Sara Bagherieh Yogesh Bahurupi Atif Amin Baig Shumaila Nargus Biswajit Banik Mainak Bardhan Saurav Basu Kavita Batra Nebiyou Simegnew Bayileyegn Fatemeh Bazvand Addisu Shunu Beyene Awoke Masrie Asrat Derese Devidas S. Bhagat Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula Pankaj Bh Medicine & Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia School of Optometry and Vision Science University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia School of Population and Global Health University of Melbourne Carlton VIC Australia Vision and Eye Research Institute Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge UK HelpMeSee Instituto Mexicano de Oftalmologia Santiago de Querétaro Mexico University of Miami Gables FL USA University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Chief Medical Office HelpMeSee New York NY USA Mexican Institute of Ophthalmology Queretaro Mexico Department of Ophthalmology Massachusetts Eye and Ear/Shepens Eye Research Institute/Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Eye Unit MyungSung Christian Medical Center (MCM) Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and MyungSun Medical College Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Ophthalmology Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Sight for Souls Bellevue WA USA Department of Ophthalmology Harvard University Boston MA USA Eye Unit MyungSung Medical College Addis Ababa Ethiopia Addenbrooke’s Hospital Cambridge UK Department of Ophthalmology Cambridge University Hospitals Cambridge UK Federal University of Sao Paolo Sao Paolo SP Brazil University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Federal University of São Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil School of Medicine Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy Department of Ophthalmology IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy Department of Ophthalmology San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milano Italy IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute University Milan Italy Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital Vita-Salute University Milan Italy University of Poitiers Poitiers France CHU de Poitiers Poitiers France Ophthalmology Department CHU de Poitiers (Poitiers University Hospital) Poitiers France Unité 1084 National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) Poitiers France

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Role of correlations in determining the Van Hove strain in Sr2RuO4

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Physical Review B 2019年第24期100卷 245139-245139页

作者： Mark E. Barber Frank Lechermann Sergey V. Streltsov Sergey L. Skornyakov Sayak Ghosh B. J. Ramshaw Naoki Kikugawa Dmitry A. Sokolov Andrew P. Mackenzie Clifford W. Hicks I. I. Mazin Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Germany I. Institut für Theoretische Physik Universität Hamburg Jungiusstraße 9 20355 Hamburg Germany Institute of Metal Physics S. Kovalevskaya Street 18 620990 Ekaterinburg Russia Department of Theoretical Physics and Applied Mathematics Ural Federal University Mira Street 19 620002 Ekaterinburg Russia Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0003 Japan Scottish Universities Physics Alliance School of Physics and Astronomy University of St. Andrews St. Andrews KY16 9SS United Kingdom Center for Computational Materials Science U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington D.C. 20375 USA

Uniaxial pressure applied along a Ru-O-Ru bond direction induces an elliptical distortion of the largest Fermi surface of Sr2RuO4, eventually causing a Fermi surface topological transition, also known as a Lifshitz transition, into an open Fermi surface. There are various anomalies in low-temperature properties associated with this transition, including maxima in the superconducting critical temperature and in resistivity. In the present paper, we report refined measurements of the strain at which this transition occurs, employing apparatus in which the stress on the sample is measured, and resonant ultrasound measurement of the low-temperature elastic moduli. The Lifshitz transition is found to occur at a longitudinal strain ɛxx of (−0.44±0.06)×10−2, which corresponds to a B1g strain ɛxx−ɛyy of (−0.66±0.09)×10−2. This is considerably smaller than the strain corresponding to a Lifshitz transition in density functional theory calculations, even if the spin-orbit coupling is taken into account. Using dynamical mean-field theory, we show that electronic correlations reduce the critical strain. It turns out that the orbital anisotropy of the local Coulomb interaction on the Ru site is, furthermore, important to bring this critical strain close to the experimental number and thus well into the experimentally accessible range of strains.

关键词： Fermi surface van Hove singularity Strongly correlated systems Unconventional superconductors Density functional theory Pressure techniques

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Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmology from Cosmic Shear and Robustness to Modeling Uncertainty

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Secco, Lucas F. Samuroff, S. Krause, E. Jain, B. Blazek, J. Raveri, M. Campos, A. Amon, A. Chen, A. Doux, C. Choi, A. Gruen, D. Bernstein, G.M. Chang, C. DeRose, J. Myles, J. Ferté, A. Lemos, P. Huterer, D. Prat, J. Troxel, M.A. MacCrann, N. Liddle, A.R. Kacprzak, T. Fang, X. Sánchez, C. Pandey, S. Dodelson, S. Chintalapati, P. Hoffmann, K. Alarcon, A. Alves, O. Andrade-Oliveira, F. Baxter, E.J. Bechtol, K. Becker, M.R. Brandao-Souza, A. Camacho, H. Carnero Rosell, A. Carrasco Kind, M. Cawthon, R. Cordero, J.P. Crocce, M. Davis, C. Di Valentino, E. Drlica-Wagner, A. Eckert, K. Eifler, T.F. Elidaiana, M. Elsner, F. Elvin-Poole, J. Everett, S. Fosalba, P. Friedrich, O. Gatti, M. Giannini, G. Gruendl, R.A. Harrison, I. Hartley, W.G. Herner, K. Huang, H. Huff, E.M. Jarvis, M. Jeffrey, N. Kuropatkin, N. Leget, P.-F. Muir, J. McCullough, J. Navarro Alsina, A. Omori, Y. Park, Y. Porredon, A. Rollins, R. Roodman, A. Rosenfeld, R. Ross, A.J. Rykoff, E.S. Sanchez, J. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Sheldon, E.S. Shin, T. Tutusaus, I. Varga, T.N. Weaverdyck, N. Wechsler, R.H. Yanny, B. Yin, B. Zhang, Y. Zuntz, J. Abbott, T.M.C. Aguena, M. Allam, S. Annis, J. Bacon, D. Bertin, E. Bhargava, S. Bridle, S.L. Brooks, D. Buckley-Geer, E. Burke, D.L. Carretero, J. Costanzi, M. da Costa, L.N. de Vicente, J. Diehl, H.T. Dietrich, J.P. Doel, P. Ferrero, I. Flaugher, B. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, J. Gaztanaga, E. Gerdes, D.W. Giannantonio, T. Gschwend, J. Gutierrez, G. Hinton, S.R. Hollowood, D.L. Honscheid, K. Hoyle, B. James, D.J. Jeltema, T. Kuehn, K. Lahav, O. Lima, M. Lin, H. Maia, M.A.G. Marshall, J.L. Martini, P. Melchior, P. Menanteau, F. Miquel, R. Mohr, J.J. Morgan, R. Ogando, R.L.C. Palmese, A. Paz-Chinchón, F. Petravick, D. Pieres, A. Plazas Malagón, A.A. Rodriguez-Monroy, M. Romer, A.K. Sanchez, E. Scarpine, V. Schubnell, M. Scolnic, D. Serrano, S. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, M. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M.E.C. Tarle, G. Thomas, D. To, C. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States McWilliams Center for Cosmology Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Physics Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States Department of Astronomy Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 North Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85721-0065 United States Versoix1290 Switzerland Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology Stanford University P. O. Box 2450 StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Physics Stanford University 382 Via Pueblo Mall StanfordCA94305 United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Dr. PasadenaCA91109 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Department of Physics Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0WA United Kingdom Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa1769-016 Portugal Institute for Astronomy University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 31 Caroline St. North WaterlooONN2L 2Y5 Canada Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics ETH Zürich Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27 ZürichCH-8093 Swit

This work and its companion paper, Amon et al. (2021), present cosmic shear measurements and cosmological constraints from over 100 million source galaxies in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 data. We constrain the lensing amplitude parameter S8 ≡ σ8 (Formula presented) at the 3% level in ΛCDM: S8 = 0.759+0.025-0.023 (68% CL). Our constraint is at the 2% level when using angular scale cuts that are optimized for the ΛCDM analysis: S8 = 0.772+0.018-0.017 (68% CL). With cosmic shear alone, we find no statistically significant constraint on the dark energy equation-of-state parameter at our present statistical power. We carry out our analysis blind, and compare our measurement with constraints from two other contemporary weak lensing experiments: the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) and Hyper-Suprime Camera Subaru Strategic program (HSC). We additionally quantify the agreement between our data and external constraints from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Our DES Y3 result under the assumption of ΛCDM is found to be in statistical agreement with Planck 2018, although favors a lower S8 than the CMB-inferred value by 2.3σ (a p-value of 0.02). This paper explores the robustness of these cosmic shear results to modeling of intrinsic alignments, the matter power spectrum and baryonic physics. We additionally explore the statistical preference of our data for intrinsic alignment models of different complexity. The fiducial cosmic shear model is tested using synthetic data, and we report no biases greater than 0.3σ in the plane of S8 × Ωm caused by uncertainties in the theoretical models. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cosmology

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Nonadiabatic Effect on the Rescattering Trajectories of Electrons in Strong Laser Field Ionization Process

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Chinese physics Letters 2016年第9期33卷 29-31页

作者：涂心海郝小雷李卫东胡师林陈京 Institute of Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics Shanxi University Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics

The important features of the rescattering trajectories in strong field ionization process such as the cutoff of the return energy at 3.17Up and that of the final energy at 10Up are obtained, based on the adiabatic approximation in which the initial momentum of the electron is assumed to be zero. We theoretically study the nonadiabatic effect by assuming a nonzero initial momentum on the rescattering trajectories based on the semiclassical simpleman model. We show that the nonzero initial momentum will modify both the maximal return energy at collision and the final energy after backward scattering, but in different ways for odd and even number of return trajectories. The energies are increased for even number of returns but are decreased for odd number of returns when the nonzero （positive or negative） initial momentum is applied.

关键词： of it in Nonadiabatic Effect on the Rescattering Trajectories of Electrons in Strong Laser Field Ionization Process on is that for

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ELSI - An open infrastructure for electronic structure solvers

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Yu, Victor Wen-Zhe Campos, Carmen Dawson, William García, Alberto Havu, Ville Hourahine, Ben Huhn, William P. Jacquelin, Mathias Jia, Weile Keçeli, Murat Laasner, Raul Li, Yingzhou Lin, Lin Lu, Jianfeng Moussa, Jonathan Roman, Jose E. Vázquez-Mayagoitia, Álvaro Yang, Chao Blum, Volker Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Departament de Sistemes Informàtics i Computació Universitat Politècnica de València València Spain RIKEN Center for Computational Science Kobe650-0047 Japan BellaterraE-08193 Spain Department of Applied Physics Aalto University AaltoFI-00076 Finland SUPA University of Strathclyde GlasgowG4 0NG United Kingdom Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Mathematics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Computational Science Division Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneIL60439 United States Department of Mathematics Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Department of Physics Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Department of Chemistry Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Molecular Sciences Software Institute BlacksburgVA24060 United States

Routine applications of electronic structure theory to molecules and periodic systems need to compute the electron density from given Hamiltonian and, in case of non-orthogonal basis sets, overlap matrices. System sizes can range from few to thousands or, in some examples, millions of atoms. Different discretization schemes (basis sets) and different system geometries (finite non-periodic vs. infinite periodic boundary conditions) yield matrices with different structures. The ELectronic Structure Infrastructure (ELSI) project provides an open-source software interface to facilitate the implementation and optimal use of high-performance solver libraries covering cubic scaling eigensolvers, linear scaling density-matrix-based algorithms, and other reduced scaling methods in between. In this paper, we present recent improvements and developments inside ELSI, mainly covering (1) new solvers connected to the interface, (2) matrix layout and communication adapted for parallel calculations of periodic and/or spin-polarized systems, (3) routines for density matrix extrapolation in geometry optimization and molecular dynamics calculations, and (4) general utilities such as parallel matrix I/O and JSON output. The ELSI interface has been integrated into four electronic structure code projects (DFTB+, DGDFT, FHI-aims, SIESTA), allowing us to rigorously benchmark the performance of the solvers on an equal footing. Based on results of a systematic set of large-scale benchmarks performed with Kohn-Sham density-functional theory and density-functional tight-binding theory, we identify factors that strongly affect the efficiency of the solvers, and propose a decision layer that assists with the solver selection process. Finally, we describe a reverse communication interface encoding matrix-free iterative solver strategies that are amenable, e.g., for use with planewave basis sets. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electronic structure

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Analysis and computation of some tumor growth models with nutrient: From cell density models to free boundary dynamics

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Liu, Jian-Guo Tang, Min Wang, Li Zhou, Zhennan Department of Mathematics Department of Physics Duke University School of Mathematics and Institute of Natural Sciences MOE-LSC Shanghai JiaoTong University Department of Mathematics Computational and Data-Enabled Science and Engineering Program State University of New York Buffalo United States Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University

In this paper, we study the tumor growth equation along with various models for the nutrient component, including the in vitro model and the in vivo model. At the cell density level, the spatial availability of the tumor density n is governed by the Darcy law via the pressure p\(n\) = nγ. For finite γ, we prove some a priori estimates of the tumor growth model, such as boundedness of the nutrient density, and non-negativity and growth estimate of the tumor density. As γ → ∞, the cell density models formally converge to Hele-Shaw flow models, which determine the free boundary dynamics of the tumor tissue in the incompressible limit. We derive several analytical solutions to the Hele-Shaw flow models, which serve as benchmark solutions to the geometric motion of tumor front propagation. Finally, we apply a conservative and positivity preserving numerical scheme to the cell density models, with numerical results verifying the link between cell density models and the free boundary dynamical *** Codes 35K55, 35B25, 76D27, 92C50 Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tumors

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Nonbacktracking bounds on the influence in independent cascade models 17

Nonbacktracking bounds on the influence in independent casca...

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Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Emmanuel Abbe Sanjeev Kulkarni Eun Jee Lee Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics and The Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University The Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics

ISBN: (纸本)9781510860964

This paper develops upper and lower bounds on the influence measure in a network, more precisely, the expected number of nodes that a seed set can influence in the independent cascade model. In particular, our bounds exploit nonbacktracking walks, Fortuin-Kasteleyn-Ginibre type inequalities, and are computed by message passing algorithms. Nonbacktracking walks have recently allowed for headways in community detection, and this paper shows that their use can also impact the influence computation. Further, we provide parameterized versions of the bounds that control the trade-off between the efficiency and the accuracy. Finally, the tightness of the bounds is illustrated with simulations on various network models.

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Two-stage fourth-order gas-kinetic scheme for three-dimensional Euler and Navier-stokes solutions

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Pan, Liang Xu, Kun Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing100088 China Department of Mathematics Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Hkust Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen518057 Hong Kong

For the one-stage third-order gas-kinetic scheme (GKS), success applications have been achieved for the three-dimensional compressible flow computations [33]. The high-order accuracy of the scheme is obtained directly by integrating a multidimensional time-accurate gas distribution function over the cell interface within a time step without implementing Gaussian quadrature points and Runge-Kutta time-stepping technique. However, for the further increasing the order of the scheme, such as the fourth-order one, the formulation becomes very complicated for the multidimensional flow. Recently, a two-stage fourth-order GKS with high efficiency has been constructed for two-dimensional inviscid and viscous flow computations [22, 32], and the scheme uses the time accurate flux function and its time derivatives. In this paper, a fourth-order GKS is developed for the three-dimensional flows under the two-stage framework. Based on the three-dimensional WENO reconstruction and flux evaluation at Gaussian quadrature points on a cell interface, the high-order accuracy in space is achieved first. Then, the two-stage time stepping method provides the high accuracy in time. In comparison with the formal third-order GKS [33], the current fourth-order method not only improves the accuracy of the scheme, but also reduces the complexity of the gas-kinetic solver greatly. More importantly, the fourth-order GKS has the same robustness as the second-order shock capturing scheme. This scheme is applied to both inviscid and viscous, and low and high speed flow computations. Numerical results validate the outstanding reliability and applicability of the scheme for three-dimensional flows, such as turbulent one. With the count of the degree of freedom in simulating a flow field, the current two-stage fourth-order multidimensional GKS becomes one of the most reliable and efficient higher-order schemes among all shock capturing higher-order schemes for computational fluid dynamics. Copyright © 2

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the Second Part of the Third Observing Run

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Physical Review X 2023年第4期13卷 041039-041039页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams N. Adhikari R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith S. Akcay T. Akutsu S. Albanesi A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato C. Anand S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando T. Andrade N. Andres T. Andrić S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koji Arai Koya Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud M. Arogeti S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso M. Assiduo S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader C. Badger S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi C. P. L. Berry D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser D. Beveridge R. Bhandare U. Bhardwaj D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley S. Bini R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. Brandt J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy R. L. Byer G. S. Cabourn Davies L. Cadonati G. Cagn LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India University College Dublin Dublin 4 Ireland Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS Institut L

The third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) describes signals detected with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo up to the end of their third observing run. Updating the previous GWTC-2.1, we present candidate gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences during the second half of the third observing run (O3b) between 1 November 2019, 15∶00 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and 27 March 2020, 17∶00 UTC. There are 35 compact binary coalescence candidates identified by at least one of our search algorithms with a probability of astrophysical origin pastro>0.5. Of these, 18 were previously reported as low-latency public alerts, and 17 are reported here for the first time. Based upon estimates for the component masses, our O3b candidates with pastro>0.5 are consistent with gravitational-wave signals from binary black holes or neutron-star–black-hole binaries, and we identify none from binary neutron stars. However, from the gravitational-wave data alone, we are not able to measure matter effects that distinguish whether the binary components are neutron stars or black holes. The range of inferred component masses is similar to that found with previous catalogs, but the O3b candidates include the first confident observations of neutron-star–black-hole binaries. Including the 35 candidates from O3b in addition to those from GWTC-2.1, GWTC-3 contains 90 candidates found by our analysis with pastro>0.5 across the first three observing runs. These observations of compact binary coalescences present an unprecedented view of the properties of black holes and neutron stars.

关键词： Gravitational waves

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Postdoc Perspectives on Leadership and Matters of Equity and Inclusion in Polar Science

Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists

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Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists 2024年第1期5卷

作者： Sophie Goliber Jason Coenen Heather Fair Angela R. Szesciorka Kirstin Schulz David J. Harning Benjamin Fernando Stanislav Saas Ksenofontov Astrid Pacini Marisol Juarez Rivera Radiance Calmer John A. Conroy Eva Lisa Doting Marie Bergelin Devon Dunmire Maria Luisa Sánchez Montes Alexandra M. Ravelo Anne Sledd Taylor R. Stinchcomb Emily J. Tibbett Mariama C. Dryák-Vallies The State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota Saint Paul MN USA Marine Mammal Institute Hatfield Marine Science Center Oregon State University Newport OR USA Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA ARCTICenter University of Northern Iowa Cedar Falls IA USA Applied Physics Laboratory Polar Science Center University of Washington Seattle WA USA University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO USA Ocean Sciences Department University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA Department of Earth and Environmental Science University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Berkeley Geochronology Center Berkeley CA USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences KU Leuven Heverlee Belgium International Arctic Research Center University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Physical Sciences Laboratory Boulder CO USA Wildlife Conservation Society Arctic-Beringia Program Fairbanks AK USA University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA USA Polar Science Early Career Community Office University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA

In 2023, the first Polar Postdoc Leadership Workshop convened to discuss present and future polar science issues and to develop leadership skills. The workshop discussions fostered a collective commitment to inclusive leadership within the polar science community among all participants. Here, we outline challenges encountered by underrepresented groups in polar sciences, while also noting that progress has been made to improve inclusivity in the field. Further, we highlight the inclusive leadership principles identified by workshop participants to bring to the polar community as we transition into leadership roles. Finally, insights and practical knowledge we gained from the workshop are shared, aiming to inform the community of our commitment to inclusive leadership and encourage the polar community to join us in pursuing action toward our shared vision for a more welcoming polar science future. As a small community of postdoctoral researchers, we outline the leadership skills envisioned for an inclusive future in polar sciences Our vision is to increase the success of underrepresented individuals as leaders by creating a welcoming and supportive career environment Group norms and leadership skills focused on emotional intelligence are critical to equity and inclusion in polar sciences

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