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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wilding, Georg Nevenzeel, Keimpe de Weygaert, Rien van Vegter, Gert Pranav, Pratyush Jones, Bernard J.T. Efstathiou, Konstantinos Feldbrugge, Job Kapteyn Astronomical Institute University of Groningen PO Box 800 Groningen9700 AV Netherlands Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Groningen PO Box 800 Groningen9700 AV Netherlands Centre for Data Science and Systems Complexity University of Groningen PO Box 800 Groningen9700 AV Netherlands Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon CNRS Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574 LyonFV69007 France Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa32000 Israel Division of Natural and Applied Sciences and Zu Chongzhi Center for Mathematics and Computational Science Duke Kunshan University No. 8 Duke Avenue KunshanJiangsu Province215316 China Perimeter Institute 31 Caroline St N WaterlooONN2L 2Y5 Canada Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave PittsburghPA15217 United States

Using a set of ΛCDM simulations of cosmic structure formation, we study the evolving connectivity and changing topological structure of the cosmic web using state-of-the-art tools of multiscale topological data analysis (TDA). We follow the development of the cosmic web topology in terms of the evolution of Betti number curves and feature persistence diagrams of the three (topological) classes of structural features: matter concentrations, filaments and tunnels, and voids. The Betti curves specify the prominence of features as a function of density level, and their evolution with cosmic epoch reflects the changing network connections between these structural features. The persistence diagrams quantify the longevity and stability of topological features. In this study we establish, for the first time, the link between persistence diagrams, the features they show, and the gravitationally driven cosmic structure formation process. By following the diagrams’ development over cosmic time, the link between the multiscale topology of the cosmic web and the hierarchical buildup of cosmic structure is established. The sharp apexes in the diagrams are intimately related to key transitions in the structure formation process. The apex in the matter concentration diagrams coincides with the density level at which, typically, they detach from the Hubble expansion and begin to collapse. At that level many individual islands merge to form the network of the cosmic web and a large number of filaments and tunnels emerge to establish its connecting bridges. The location trends of the apex possess a self-similar character that can be related to the cosmic web’s hierarchical buildup. We find that persistence diagrams provide a significantly higher and more profound level of information on the structure formation process than more global summary statistics like Euler characteristic or Betti numbers. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphic methods

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Nonlinear concentration patterns and bands in autochemotactic suspensions

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Physical Review E 2018年第5期98卷 052411-052411页

作者： Enkeleida Lushi Raymond E. Goldstein Michael J. Shelley Department of Mathematics New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark New Jersey 07102 USA Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0WA United Kingdom Center for Computational Biology Flatiron Institute Simons Foundation New York New York 10010 USA Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University New York New York 10012 USA

In suspensions of microorganisms, pattern formation can arise from the interplay of chemotaxis and the fluid flows collectively generated by the organisms themselves. Here we investigate the resulting pattern formation in square and elongated domains in the context of two distinct models of locomotion in which the chemoattractant dynamics is fully coupled to the fluid flows and swimmer motion. Analyses for both models reveal an aggregative instability due to chemotaxis, independent of swimmer shape and type, and a hydrodynamic instability for “pusher” swimmers. We discuss the similarities and differences between the models. Simulations reveal a critical length scale of the swimmer aggregates and this feature can be utilized to stabilize swimmer concentration patterns into quasi-one-dimensional bands by varying the domain size. These concentration bands transition to traveling pulses under an external chemoattractant gradient, as observed in experiments with chemotactic bacteria.

关键词： Cell aggregation Chemotaxis Collective behavior Fluid-particle interactions Locomotion Microfluidics Self-organization Swimming

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Signatures of many-body localization in steady states of open quantum systems

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Physical Review B 2018年第2期98卷 020202(R)-020202(R)页

作者： I. Vakulchyk I. Yusipov M. Ivanchenko S. Flach S. Denisov Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems IBS Daejeon 34051 Republic of Korea Basic Science Program Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea Department of Applied Mathematics Lobachevsky University Nizhny Novgorod 603950 Russia Institute of Physics University of Augsburg Universitätsstraße 1 86159 Augsburg Germany

Many-body localization (MBL) is a result of the balance between interference-based Anderson localization and many-body interactions in a high-dimensional Fock space. It is expected that dissipation is blurring interference and destroying that balance so that the asymptotic state of a system with an MBL Hamiltonian does not bear localization signatures. This is evidently true in the case of local dephasing which drives any system into an infinite-temperature state. We demonstrate, by using a set of dissipative operators, where each one is acting nontrivially on a pair of neighboring sites (or spins), that an MBL system can be brought into a Hamiltonian-specific steady state. The difference between ergodic and MBL Hamiltonians can be seen in statistics of imbalance, entanglement entropy, and level spacing of the steady-state density operator. By introducing pairwise dissipative operators into an MBL system already exposed to dephasing, these localization signatures can be restored.

关键词： Many-body localization Open quantum systems

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Unsupervised extraction of phenotypes from cancer clinical notes for association studies

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Stark, Stefan G. Hyland, Stephanie L. Pradier, Melanie F. Lehmann, Kjong-Van Wicki, Andreas Perez-Cruz, Fernando Vogt, Julia E. Rätsch, Gunnar Computational Biology Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York United States Tri-Institutional Ph.D. Program in Computational Biology and Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York United States Department of Computer Science ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland Medical Informatics Group University Hospital Zürich Zürich Switzerland Swiss Institute for Bioinformatics Zurich Switzerland Department of Biology ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland Department of Signal Processing and Information Theory University Carlos III in Madrid Leganés Spain School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Department of Biomedicine University of Basel Basel Switzerland Tumorzentrum University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland Swiss Data Science Center ETH Zürich and EPFL Lausanne Switzerland Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Basel Basel Switzerland

The recent adoption of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) by healthcare providers has introduced an important source of data that provides detailed and highly specific insights into patient phenotypes over large cohorts. These datasets, in combination with machine learning and statistical approaches, generate new opportunities for research and clinical care. However, many methods require the patient representations to be in structured formats, while the information in the EHR is often locked in unstructured text designed for human readability. In this work, we develop the methodology to automatically extract clinical features from clinical narratives from large EHR corpora without the need for prior knowledge. We consider medical terms and sentences appearing in clinical narratives as atomic information units. We propose an efficient clustering strategy suitable for the analysis of large text corpora and utilize the clusters to represent information about the patient compactly. Additionally, we define the sentences on ontologic and natural language vocabularies to automatically detect pertinent combinations of concepts present in the corpus, even when an ontology is not available. To demonstrate the utility of our approach, we perform an association study of clinical features with somatic mutation profiles from 4,007 cancer patients and their tumors. We apply the proposed algorithm to a dataset consisting of .65 thousand documents with a total of .3.2 million sentences. After correcting for cancer type and other confounding factors, we identify a total of 340 significant statistical associations between the presence of somatic mutations and clinical features. We annotated these associations according to their novelty and we report several known associations. We also propose 37 plausible, testable hypothesis for associations where the underlying biological mechanism does not appear to be known. These results illustrate that the automated discovery of clinical features

关键词： Diseases

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Higher-order symmetry plane correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV

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Physical Review C 2025年第6期111卷 064913-064913页

作者： S. Acharya A. Agarwal G. Aglieri Rinella L. Aglietta M. Agnello N. Agrawal Z. Ahammed S. Ahmad S. U. Ahn I. Ahuja A. Akindinov V. Akishina M. Al-Turany D. Aleksandrov B. Alessandro H. M. Alfanda R. Alfaro Molina B. Ali A. Alici N. Alizadehvandchali A. Alkin J. Alme G. Alocco T. Alt A. R. Altamura I. Altsybeev J. R. Alvarado M. N. Anaam C. Andrei N. Andreou A. Andronic E. Andronov V. Anguelov F. Antinori P. Antonioli N. Apadula L. Aphecetche H. Appelshäuser C. Arata S. Arcelli R. Arnaldi J. G. M. C. A. Arneiro I. C. Arsene M. Arslandok A. Augustinus R. Averbeck D. Averyanov M. D. Azmi H. Baba A. Badalà J. Bae Y. W. Baek X. Bai R. Bailhache Y. Bailung R. Bala A. Balbino A. Baldisseri B. Balis D. Banerjee Z. Banoo V. Barbasova F. Barile L. Barioglio M. Barlou B. Barman G. G. Barnaföldi L. S. Barnby E. Barreau V. Barret L. Barreto C. Bartels K. Barth E. Bartsch N. Bastid S. Basu G. Batigne D. Battistini B. Batyunya D. Bauri J. L. Bazo Alba I. G. Bearden C. Beattie P. Becht D. Behera I. Belikov A. D. C. Bell Hechavarria F. Bellini R. Bellwied S. Belokurova L. G. E. Beltran Y. A. V. Beltran G. Bencedi A. Bensaoula S. Beole Y. Berdnikov A. Berdnikova L. Bergmann M. G. Besoiu L. Betev P. P. Bhaduri A. Bhasin B. Bhattacharjee L. Bianchi J. Bielčík J. Bielčíková A. P. Bigot A. Bilandzic G. Biro S. Biswas N. Bize J. T. Blair D. Blau M. B. Blidaru N. Bluhme C. Blume G. Boca F. Bock T. Bodova J. Bok L. Boldizsár M. Bombara P. M. Bond G. Bonomi H. Borel A. Borissov A. G. Borquez Carcamo E. Botta Y. E. M. Bouziani L. Bratrud P. Braun-Munzinger M. Bregant M. Broz G. E. Bruno V. D. Buchakchiev M. D. Buckland D. Budnikov H. Buesching S. Bufalino P. Buhler N. Burmasov Z. Buthelezi A. Bylinkin S. A. Bysiak J. C. Cabanillas Noris M. F. T. Cabrera M. Cai H. Caines A. Caliva E. Calvo Villar J. M. M. Camacho P. Camerini F. D. M. Canedo S. L. Cantway M. Carabas A. A. Carballo F. Carnesecchi R. Caron L. A. D. Carvalho J. Castillo Castellanos M. Castoldi F. Catalano S. Cattaruzzi C. Ceballos Sanchez R. Cerri I. Chakaberia P. Chakraborty S. Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Kolkata India European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN Bologna Italy Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Republic of Korea Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Turin Italy Central China Normal University Wuhan China Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico University of Houston Houston Texas United States Sungkyunkwan University Suwon City Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway INFN Sezione di Cagliari Cagliari Italy Institut für Kernphysik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany INFN Sezione di Bari Bari Italy Physik Department Technische Universität München Munich Germany High Energy Physics Group Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania University of Derby Derby United Kingdom Universität Münster Institut für Kernphysik Münster Germany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Padova Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California Unite

The correlations between event-by-event fluctuations of symmetry planes are measured in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sNN=5.02TeV recorded by the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. This analysis is conducted using the Gaussian estimator technique, which is insensitive to biases from correlations between different flow amplitudes. The study presents, for the first time, the centrality dependence of correlations involving up to five different symmetry planes. The correlation strength varies depending on the harmonic order of the symmetry plane and the collision centrality. Comparisons with measurements from lower energies indicate no significant differences within uncertainties. Additionally, the results are compared with hydrodynamic model calculations. Although the model predictions provide a qualitative explanation of the experimental results, they overestimate the data for some observables. This is particularly true for correlators that are sensitive to the nonlinear response of the medium to initial-state anisotropies in the collision system. As these new correlators provide unique information—independent of flow amplitudes—their usage in future model developments can further constrain the properties of the strongly interacting matter created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions.

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First measurement of Ds1(1+)(2536)+ and Ds2*(2+)(2573)+ production in proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV at the LHC

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Physical Review D 2025年第11期111卷 112005-112005页

作者： S. Acharya A. Agarwal G. Aglieri Rinella L. Aglietta M. Agnello N. Agrawal Z. Ahammed S. Ahmad S. U. Ahn I. Ahuja A. Akindinov V. Akishina M. Al-Turany D. Aleksandrov B. Alessandro H. M. Alfanda R. Alfaro Molina B. Ali A. Alici N. Alizadehvandchali A. Alkin J. Alme G. Alocco T. Alt A. R. Altamura I. Altsybeev J. R. Alvarado M. N. Anaam C. Andrei N. Andreou A. Andronic E. Andronov V. Anguelov F. Antinori P. Antonioli N. Apadula L. Aphecetche H. Appelshäuser C. Arata S. Arcelli R. Arnaldi J. G. M. C. A. Arneiro I. C. Arsene M. Arslandok A. Augustinus R. Averbeck D. Averyanov M. D. Azmi H. Baba A. Badalà J. Bae Y. W. Baek X. Bai R. Bailhache Y. Bailung R. Bala A. Balbino A. Baldisseri B. Balis Z. Banoo V. Barbasova F. Barile L. Barioglio M. Barlou B. Barman G. G. Barnaföldi L. S. Barnby E. Barreau V. Barret L. Barreto C. Bartels K. Barth E. Bartsch N. Bastid S. Basu G. Batigne D. Battistini B. Batyunya D. Bauri J. L. Bazo Alba I. G. Bearden C. Beattie P. Becht D. Behera I. Belikov A. D. C. Bell Hechavarria F. Bellini R. Bellwied S. Belokurova L. G. E. Beltran Y. A. V. Beltran G. Bencedi A. Bensaoula S. Beole Y. Berdnikov A. Berdnikova L. Bergmann M. G. Besoiu L. Betev P. P. Bhaduri A. Bhasin B. Bhattacharjee L. Bianchi J. Bielčík J. Bielčíková A. P. Bigot A. Bilandzic G. Biro S. Biswas N. Bize J. T. Blair D. Blau M. B. Blidaru N. Bluhme C. Blume G. Boca F. Bock T. Bodova J. Bok L. Boldizsár M. Bombara P. M. Bond G. Bonomi H. Borel A. Borissov A. G. Borquez Carcamo E. Botta Y. E. M. Bouziani L. Bratrud P. Braun-Munzinger M. Bregant M. Broz G. E. Bruno V. D. Buchakchiev M. D. Buckland D. Budnikov H. Buesching S. Bufalino P. Buhler N. Burmasov Z. Buthelezi A. Bylinkin S. A. Bysiak J. C. Cabanillas Noris M. F. T. Cabrera M. Cai H. Caines A. Caliva E. Calvo Villar J. M. M. Camacho P. Camerini F. D. M. Canedo S. L. Cantway M. Carabas A. A. Carballo F. Carnesecchi R. Caron L. A. D. Carvalho J. Castillo Castellanos M. Castoldi F. Catalano S. Cattaruzzi C. Ceballos Sanchez R. Cerri I. Chakaberia P. Chakraborty S. Chandra S. Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Kolkata India European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN Bologna Italy Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Republic of Korea Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Turin Italy Central China Normal University Wuhan China Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico University of Houston Houston Texas USA Sungkyunkwan University Suwon City Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway INFN Sezione di Cagliari Cagliari Italy Institut für Kernphysik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany INFN Sezione di Bari Bari Italy Physik Department Technische Universität München Munich Germany High Energy Physics Group Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania University of Derby Derby United Kingdom Universität Münster Institut für Kernphysik Münster Germany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Padova Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA SUBATECH I

The production yields of the orbitally excited charm-strange mesons Ds1(1+)(2536)+ and Ds2*(2+)(2573)+ were measured for the first time in proton-proton (pp) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The Ds1+ and Ds2*+ mesons were measured at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) in minimum-bias and high-multiplicity pp collisions in the transverse-momentum interval 2

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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR4 maps and cosmological parameters

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Aiola, Simone Calabrese, Erminia Maurin, Loïc Naess, Sigurd Schmitt, Benjamin L. Abitbol, Maximilian H. Addison, Graeme E. Ade, Peter A.R. Alonso, David Amiri, Mandana Amodeo, Stefania Angile, Elio Austermann, Jason E. Baildon, Taylor Battaglia, Nick Beall, James A. Bean, Rachel Becker, Daniel T. Bond, J. Richard Bruno, Sarah Marie Calafut, Victoria Campusano, Luis E. Carrero, Felipe Chesmore, Grace E. Cho, Hsiao-Mei Choi, Steve K. Clark, Susan E. Cothard, Nicholas F. Crichton, Devin Crowley, Kevin T. Darwish, Omar Datta, Rahul Denison, Edward V. Devlin, Mark J. Duell, Cody J. Duff, Shannon M. Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J. Dunkley, Jo Dünner, Rolando Essinger-Hileman, Thomas Fankhanel, Max Ferraro, Simone Fox, Anna E. Fuzia, Brittany Gallardo, Patricio A. Gluscevic, Vera Golec, Joseph E. Grace, Emily Gralla, Megan Guan, Yilun Hall, Kirsten Halpern, Mark Han, Dongwon Hargrave, Peter Hasselfield, Matthew Helton, Jakob M. Henderson, Shawn Hensley, Brandon Hill, J. Colin Hilton, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hincks, Adam D. Hložek, Renée Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty Hubmayr, Johannes Huffenberger, Kevin M. Hughes, John P. Infante, Leopoldo Irwin, Kent Jackson, Rebecca Klein, Jeff Knowles, Kenda Koopman, Brian Kosowsky, Arthur Lakey, Victoria Li, Dale Li, Yaqiong Li, Zack Lokken, Martine Louis, Thibaut Lungu, Marius MacInnis, Amanda Madhavacheril, Mathew Maldonado, Felipe Mallaby-Kay, Maya Marsden, Danica McMahon, Jeff Menanteau, Felipe Moodley, Kavilan Morton, Tim Namikawa, Toshiya Nati, Federico Newburgh, Laura Nibarger, John P. Nicola, Andrina Niemack, Michael D. Nolta, Michael R. Orlowski-Sherer, John Page, Lyman A. Pappas, Christine G. Partridge, Bruce Phakathi, Phumlani Pisano, Giampaolo Prince, Heather Puddu, Roberto Qu, Frank J. Rivera, Jesus Robertson, Naomi Rojas, Felipe Salatino, Maria Schaan, Emmanuel Schillaci, Alessandro Sehgal, Neelima Sherwin, Blake D. Sierra, Carlos Sievers, Jon Sifon, Cristobal Sikhosana, Precious Simon, Sara Spergel, David N. Staggs, Suzanne T. Stevens, Jason Storer, Emilie Sunder, Dhaneshwar D. Switzer, Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 5th Avenue New YorkNY10010 United States Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics Jadwin Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University The Parade Wales CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut d'astrophysique spatiale Orsay 91405 France Instituto de Astrofísica Centro de Astro-Ingeniería Facultad de Fìsica Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Macul Santiago7820436 Chile Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 South 33rd Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Physics University of Oxford Keble Road OxfordOX1 3RH United Kingdom Dept. of Physics and Astronomy The Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. BaltimoreMD21218-2686 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada Department of Astronomy Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States NIST Quantum Devices Group 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03 BoulderCO80305 United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor48103 United States Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H8 Canada Universidad de Chile Dept Astronomía Casilla Santiago36-D Chile Sociedad Radiosky Asesorías de Ingeniería Limitada Camino a Toconao 145-A Ayllu de Solor San Pedro de Atacama Chile Department of Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Department of Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Institute for Advanced Study 1 Einstein Dr PrincetonNJ08540 United States Department of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Astrophysics Research Centre School of Mathematics Statistics and Computer Scie

We present new arcminute-resolution maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization anisotropy from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, using data taken from 2013-2016 at 98 and 150 GHz. The maps cover more than 17,000 deg2, the deepest 600 deg2 with noise levels below 10µK-arcmin. We use the power spectrum derived from almost 6,000 deg2 of these maps to constrain cosmology. The ACT data enable a measurement of the angular scale of features in both the divergence-like polarization and the temperature anisotropy, tracing both the velocity and density at last-scattering. From these one can derive the distance to the last-scattering surface and thus infer the local expansion rate, H0. By combining ACT data with large-scale information from WMAP we measure H0 = 67.6±1.1 km/s/Mpc, at 68% confidence, in excellent agreement with the independently-measured Planck satellite estimate (from ACT alone we find H0 = 67.9 ±1.5 km/s/Mpc). The ΛCDM model provides a good fit to the ACT data, and we find no evidence for deviations: both the spatial curvature, and the departure from the standard lensing signal in the spectrum, are zero to within 1σ;the number of relativistic species, the primordial Helium fraction, and the running of the spectral index are consistent with ΛCDM predictions to within 1.5-2.2σ. We compare ACT, WMAP, and Planck at the parameter level and find good consistency;we investigate how the constraints on the correlated spectral index and baryon density parameters readjust when adding CMB large-scale information that ACT does not measure. The DR4 products presented here will be publicly released on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A measurement of the cosmic microwave background power spectra at 98 and 150 GHZ

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Choi, Steve K. Hasselfield, Matthew Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty Koopman, Brian Lungu, Marius Abitbol, Maximilian H. Addison, Graeme E. Ade, Peter A.R. Aiola, Simone Alonso, David Amiri, Mandana Amodeo, Stefania Angile, Elio Austermann, Jason E. Baildon, Taylor Battaglia, Nick Beall, James A. Bean, Rachel Becker, Daniel T. Bond, J. Richard Bruno, Sarah Marie Calabrese, Erminia Calafut, Victoria Campusano, Luis E. Carrero, Felipe Chesmore, Grace E. Cho, Hsiao-Mei Clark, Susan E. Cothard, Nicholas F. Crichton, Devin Crowley, Kevin T. Darwish, Omar Datta, Rahul Denison, Edward V. Devlin, Mark J. Duell, Cody J. Duff, Shannon M. Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J. Dunkley, Jo Dünner, Rolando Essinger-Hileman, Thomas Fankhanel, Max Ferraro, Simone Fox, Anna E. Fuzia, Brittany Gallardo, Patricio A. Gluscevic, Vera Golec, Joseph E. Grace, Emily Gralla, Megan Guan, Yilun Hall, Kirsten Halpern, Mark Han, Dongwon Hargrave, Peter Henderson, Shawn Hensley, Brandon Hill, J. Colin Hilton, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hincks, Adam D. Hložek, Renée Hubmayr, Johannes Huffenberger, Kevin M. Hughes, John P. Infante, Leopoldo Irwin, Kent Jackson, Rebecca Klein, Jeff Knowles, Kenda Kosowsky, Arthur Lakey, Victoria Li, Dale Li, Yaqiong Li, Zack Lokken, Martine Louis, Thibaut MacInnis, Amanda Madhavacheril, Mathew Maldonado, Felipe Mallaby-Kay, Maya Marsden, Danica Maurin, Loïc McMahon, Jeff Menanteau, Felipe Moodley, Kavilan Morton, Tim Naess, Sigurd Namikawa, Toshiya Nati, Federico Newburgh, Laura Nibarger, John P. Nicola, Andrina Niemack, Michael D. Nolta, Michael R. Orlowski-Sherer, John Page, Lyman A. Pappas, Christine G. Partridge, Bruce Phakathi, Phumlani Prince, Heather Puddu, Roberto Qu, Frank J. Rivera, Jesus Robertson, Naomi Rojas, Felipe Salatino, Maria Schaan, Emmanuel Schillaci, Alessandro Schmitt, Benjamin L. Sehgal, Neelima Sherwin, Blake D. Sierra, Carlos Sievers, Jon Sifon, Cristobal Sikhosana, Precious Simon, Sara Spergel, David N. Staggs, Suzanne T. Stevens, Jason Storer, Emilie Sunder, Dhaneshwar D. Switzer, Eric R. Thorne, Ben Thornton, Robe Department of Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Astronomy Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics Jadwin Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 5th Avenue New YorkNY10010 United States Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Physics Yale University 217 Prospect St New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 South 33rd Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Physics University of Oxford Keble Road OxfordOX1 3RH United Kingdom Dept. of Physics and Astronomy The Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. BaltimoreMD21218-2686 United States School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University The Parade Wales CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada NIST Quantum Devices Group 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03 BoulderCO80305 United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor48103 United States Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H8 Canada Universidad de Chile Dept Astronomía Casilla Santiago36-D Chile Sociedad Radiosky Asesorías de Ingeniería Limitada Camino a Toconao 145-A Ayllu de Solor San Pedro de Atacama Chile Department of Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Institute for Advanced Study 1 Einstein Dr PrincetonNJ08540 United States Department of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Astrophysics Res

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra of the CMB measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 5400 deg2 of the 2013-2016 survey, which covers >15000 deg2 at 98 and 150 GHz. For this analysis we adopt a blinding strategy to help avoid confirmation bias and, related to this, show numerous checks for systematic error done before unblinding. Using the likelihood for the cosmological analysis we constrain secondary sources of anisotropy and foreground emission, and derive a "CMB-only" spectrum that extends to = 4000. At large angular scales, foreground emission at 150 GHz is ∼1% of TT and EE within our selected regions and consistent with that found by Planck. Using the same likelihood, we obtain the cosmological parameters for ΛCDM for the ACT data alone with a prior on the optical depth of τ = 0.065 ± 0.015. ΛCDM is a good fit. The best-fit model has a reduced χ2 of 1.07 (PTE = 0.07) with H0 = 67.9 ± 1.5 km/s/Mpc. We show that the lensing BB signal is consistent with ΛCDM and limit the celestial EB polarization angle to ψP = −0.07◦ ± 0.09◦. We directly cross correlate ACT with Planck and observe generally good agreement but with some discrepancies in TE. All data on which this analysis is based will be publicly released. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cosmology

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Geometry-based data generation

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Lindenbaum, Ofir Stanley, Jay S. Wolf, Guy Krishnaswamy, Smita Department of Genetics Yale University New HavenCT United States Applied Mathematics Program Yale University New HavenCT United States Computational Biology & Bioinformatics Program Yale University New HavenCT United States Department of Computer Science Yale University New HavenCT United States

We propose a new type of generative model of high-dimensional data that learns a manifold geometry of the data, rather than density, and can generate points evenly along this manifold. This is in contrast to existing generative models that represent data density, and are strongly affected by noise and other artifacts of data collection. We demonstrate how this approach corrects sampling biases and artifacts, and improves several downstream data analysis tasks such as clustering and classification. Finally, we demonstrate that this approach is especially useful in biology where, despite the advent of single-cell technologies, rare subpopulations and gene-interaction relationships are affected by biased sampling. We show that SUGAR can generate hypothetical populations and reveal intrinsic patterns and mutual-information relationships between genes on a single cell dataset of hematopoiesis. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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Discrete Boltzmann trans-scale modeling of high-speed compressible flows

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Gan, Yanbiao Xu, Aiguo Zhang, Guangcai Zhang, Yudong Succi, Sauro North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering Langfang065000 China College of Mathematics and Informatics FJKLMAA Fujian Normal University Fuzhou350007 China National Key Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics P. O. Box 8009-26 Beijing100088 China Center for Applied Physics and Technology MOE Key Center for High Energy Density Physics Simulations College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Key Laboratory of Transient Physics Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Center for Life Nano Science at La Sapienza Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Viale Regina Margherita 295 Roma00161 Italy Physics Department and Institute for Applied Computational Science John A. Paulson School of Applied Science and Engineering Harvard University Oxford Street 29 CambridgeMA02138 United States

We present a general framework for constructing trans-scale discrete Boltzmann models (DBMs) for high-speed compressible flows ranging from continuum to transition regime. This is achieved by designing a higher-order discrete equilibrium distribution function which satisfies additional nonhydrodynamic kinetic moments. In order to characterize the thermodynamic non-equilibrium (TNE) effects and estimate the condition under which the DBMs at various levels should be used, two novel measures are presented: (i) the relative TNE strength, describing the relative strength of the (N + 1)-th order TNE effects to the N-th order one;(ii) the TNE discrepancy between DBM simulation and relevant theoretical analysis. Whether or not the higher-order TNE effects should be taken into account in the modeling and which level of DBM should be adopted, is best described by the relative TNE intensity and/or the discrepancy, rather than by the value of the Knudsen number. As a model example, a two-dimensional DBM with 26 discrete velocities at Burnett level is formulated, verified, and validated. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distribution functions

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