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Information-theoretic approach to network modularity

Physical Review E 2005年第4期71卷 046117-046117页

作者： Etay Ziv Manuel Middendorf Chris H. Wiggins Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA

Exploiting recent developments in information theory, we propose, illustrate, and validate a principled information-theoretic algorithm for module discovery and the resulting measure of network modularity. This measure is an order parameter (a dimensionless number between 0 and 1). Comparison is made with other approaches to module discovery and to quantifying network modularity (using Monte Carlo generated Erdös-like modular networks). Finally, the network information bottleneck (NIB) algorithm is applied to a number of real world networks, including the “social” network of coauthors at the 2004 APS March Meeting.

关键词： TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION METABOLIC NETWORKS ESCHERICHIA-COLI ORGANIZATION

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Gamma ray absorption of cylindrical fissile material with dual shields

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2005年第5期16卷 266-272页

作者： WU Chen-Yan TIAN Dong-Feng CHENG Yi-Ying HUANG Yong-Yi LU Fu-Quan YANG Fu-Jia Institute of Mathematics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088 Department of Physics University of Rhode Island 02881-0817 USA

This work analyzed the gamma ray attenuation effect from the self-absorption and shield attenuation per-spectively. An exact mathematical equation was given for the geometric factor of the cylindrical fissile material with dual shields. In addition, several approximation approaches suitable for real situation were discussed, especially in the radial and axial directions of the cylinders, since the G-factors have simple forms. Then the space distribution patterns of the G-factor were analyzed based on numerical result and effective ways to solve the geometric informa-tion of the cylindrical fissile material, the radii and the heights, were deduced. This method was checked and verified by numerical calculation. Because of the efficiency of the method, it is ideal for application in real situations, such as nuclear safeguards, which demands speed of detection and accuracy of geometric analysis.

关键词： γ射线裂变反应核反应堆吸收能力

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Low-energy electron collision cross sections of sodium 26

Low-energy electron collision cross sections of sodium

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26th International Conference on Photonic, Electronic and Atomic Collisions

作者： Gao, Xiang Han, Xiao-Ying Li, Jia-Ming Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences of Education Ministry Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing100088 China

Using R-matrix method, the collision cross sections of sodium from ground state to the first a few excited states at incident energy range 0-5.4 eV are calculated. The influence of the Rydberg states to the collision cross sections is elucidated, which implies the cross sections obtained by partial wave expansion methods at low-energy could be interfaced with the cross sections obtained by first Born approximation methods at high-energy. © 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Sodium

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Asymmetrical, spatial deformations of reinforced concrete columns and prestressed beams

Asymmetrical, spatial deformations of reinforced concrete co...

引用

2005 fib Symposium on Keep Concrete Attractive

作者： Spios, András Árpád Domokos, Gábor Department of Mechanics Materials and Structures Center for Applied Mathematics and Computational Physics Budapest University of Technology and Economics Müegytem rkp. 3 BudapestH-1111 Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9634208398

In this paper we show a fast, robustly convergent algorithm for the calculation of spatial deformations of cracked, elastic reinforce concrete (RC) beams and columns. The algorithm is fully consistent with the Euler-Bemoulli beam model, it also incorporates the nonlinear material characteristics ( creep, shrinkage, etc) of reinforced concrete, based on the EUROCODE standard. After describing the algorithm we discuss applications and present two numerical examples.

关键词： Reinforced concrete

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Enabling magnetoelectric spin-orbit logic and memory

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Newton 2025年第1期1卷

作者： Sajid Husain Zhi Yao Ramamoorthy Ramesh Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Applied Mathematics and Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Physics University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Materials and Nanoengineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA

The interplay between the spin and charge degrees of freedom is an extremely exciting area of research, from both a fundamental science and an applications perspective, and it has the potential to revolutionize the world of computing. However, realizing this potential requires a multitude of breakthroughs that range from fundamental scientific exploration to practical implementation of these discoveries. In this context, we use a magnetoelectric, spin-orbit-coupled (MESO) device to underscore the critical materials physics challenges, striving to bridge the divide between condensed matter physics and tangible applications. In this review article, through the elucidation of the pivotal role played by magnetoelectric coupling mediated by spin-orbit physics of this device, we aim to catalyze further translational research across the broad materials physics community. We discuss the recent development of MESO and possible routes to solve the existing issues with the materials with open challenges for future research.

关键词： MESO multiferroics magnetoelectric spin-orbit coupling spin charge conversion

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On trees, tanglegrams, and tangled chains 28

On trees, tanglegrams, and tangled chains

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28th International Conference on Formal Power Series and Algebraic Combinatorics, FPSAC 2016

作者： Billey, Sara C. Konvalinka, Matjaž Matsen, Frederick A. Department of Mathematics University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Mathematics University of Ljubljana & Institute for Mathematics Physics and Mechanics Ljubljana Slovenia Computational Biology Program Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center SeattleWA98109 United States

Tanglegrams are a class of graphs arising in computer science and in biological research on cospeciation and coevolution. They are formed by identifying the leaves of two rooted binary trees. The embedding of the trees in the plane is irrelevant for this application. We give an explicit formula to count the number of distinct binary rooted tanglegrams with n matched leaves, along with a simple asymptotic formula and an algorithm for choosing a tanglegram uniformly at random. The enumeration formula is then extended to count the number of tangled chains of binary trees of any length. This work gives a new formula for the number of binary trees with n leaves. Several open problems and conjectures are included along with pointers to several followup articles that have already appeared. © 2016 Discrete mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science (DMTCS), Nancy, France to reconstruct the historical associations between the phylogenies of host and parasite under a model of parasites switching hosts, which is an instance of the more general problem of cophylogeny estimation.

关键词： Binary trees

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Nonequilibrium and morphological characterizations of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in compressible flows

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Frontiers of physics 2019年第4期14卷 83-99页

作者： Yan-Biao Gan Ai-Guo Xu Guang-Cai Zhang Chuan-Dong Lin Hui-Lin Lai Zhi-Peng Liu North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering Langfang 065000 China College of Mathematics and Informatics & FJKLMAA Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350007 China Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics P. O. Box 8009-26 Beijing 100088 China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Center for Applied Physics and Technology MOE Key Center for High Energy Density Physics Simulations College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Center for Combustion Energy Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Physics School of Science Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin 300384 China

We investigate the effects of viscosity and heat conduction on the onset and growth of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) via an efficient discrete Boltzmann ***,two effective approaches are presented to quantitatively analyze and understand the configurations and kinetic *** is to determine the thickness of mixing layers through tracking the distributions and evolutions of the thermodynamic nonequilibrium (TNE) measures;the other is to evaluate the growth rate of KHI from the slopes of morphological ***,it is found that the time histories of width of mixing layer,TNE intensity,and boundary length show high correlation and attain their maxima *** viscosity effects are twofold,stabilize the KHI,and enhance both the local and global TNE *** to the monotonically inhibiting effects of viscosity,the heat conduction effects firstly refrain then enhance the evolution *** physical reasons are analyzed and presented.

关键词： Kelvin-Helmholtz instability discrete Boltzmann method thermodynamic nonequilibrium effect morphological characterization

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Novel Scheme for Robust Confusion Component Selection Based on Pythagorean Fuzzy Set

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6523-6534页

作者： Nabilah Abughazalah Mohsin Iqbal Majid Khan Iqtadar Hussain Department of Mathematical Sciences College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics&Statistics Riphah International UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Applied Mathematics&Statistics Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Mathematics Program Department of MathematicsStatistics and PhysicsCollege of Arts and SciencesQatar University2713DohaQatar Statistical Consulting Unit College of Arts and ScienceQatar UniversityDohaQatar

The substitution box,often known as an S-box,is a nonlinear component that is a part of several block *** purpose is to protect cryptographic algorithms from a variety of cryptanalytic assaults.A Multi-Criteria Decision Making(MCDM)problem has a complex selection procedure because of having many options and criteria to choose *** of this,statistical methods are necessary to assess the performance score of each S-box and decide which option is the best one available based on this *** the Pythagorean Fuzzy-based Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)method,the major objective of this investigation is to select the optimal S-box to be implemented from a pool of twelve key *** the help of the Pythagorean fuzzy set(PFS),the purpose of this article is to evaluate whether this nonlinear component is suitable for use in a variety of encryption *** this article,we have considered various characteristics of S-boxes,including nonlinearity,algebraic degree,strict avalanche criterion(SAC),absolute indicator,bit independent criterion(BIC),sum of square indicator,algebraic immunity,transparency order,robustness to differential cryptanalysis,composite algebraic immunity,signal to noise ratio-differential power attack(SNR-DPA),and confusion coefficient variance on some standard S-boxes that are Advanced Encryption Following this,the findings of the investigation are changed into Pythagorean fuzzy numbers in the shape of a *** matrix is then subjected to an analysis using the TOPSIS method,which is dependent on the Pythagorean fuzzy set,to rank the most suitable S-box for use in encryption applications.

关键词： Decision making substitution box TOPSIS multi-criterion decision making fuzzy set Pythagorean fuzzy set

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Structure inversion asymmetry enhanced electronic structure and electrical transport in 2D A3SnO(A=Ca,Sr,and Ba)antiperovskite monolayers

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1779-1791页

作者： Syed Muhammad Alay-e-Abbas Ghulam Abbas Waqas Zulfiqar Muhammad Sajjad Nirpendra Singh J.Andreas Larsson Applied Physics Division of Materials ScienceDepartment of Engineering Sciences and MathematicsLuleåUniversity of Technology97187 LuleåSweden Computational Materials Modeling Laboratory Department of PhysicsGovernment College UniversityFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of Denmark2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark Department of Physics Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi-127788United Arab Emirates Center for Catalysis and Separation(CeCaS) Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi-127788United Arab Emirates

Anti-perovskites A3SnO(A=Ca,Sr,and Ba)are an important class of materials due to the emergence of Dirac cones and tiny mass gaps in their band structures originating from an intricate interplay of crystal symmetry,spin–orbit coupling,and band *** provides an exciting playground for modulating their electronic properties in the two-dimensional(2D)***,we employ first-principles density functional theory(DFT)calculations by combining dispersion-corrected SCAN+rVV10 and mBJ functionals for a comprehensive side-by-side comparison of the structural,thermodynamic,dynamical,mechanical,electronic,and thermoelectric properties of bulk and monolayer(one unit cell thick)A3SnO *** results show that 2D monolayers derived from bulk A3SnO anti-perovskites are structurally and energetically ***,Rashba-type splitting in the electronic structure of Ca3SnO and Sr3SnO monolayers is observed owing to strong spin–orbit coupling and inversion *** the other hand,monolayer Ba3SnO exhibits Dirac cone at the high-symmetryΓpoint due to the domination of band *** on the predicted electronic transport properties,it is shown that inversion asymmetry plays an essential character such that the monolayers Ca3SnO and Sr3SnO outperform thermoelectric performance of their bulk counterparts.

关键词： electrical transport anti-perovskites low-dimensional materials electronic structure mechanical properties

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Machine-learning-based non-Newtonian fluid model with molecular fidelity

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Physical Review E 2020年第4期102卷 043309-043309页

作者： Huan Lei Lei Wu Weinan E Department of Computational Mathematics Science & Engineering and Department of Statistics & Probability Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA Department of Mathematics and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

We introduce a machine-learning-based framework for constructing continuum a non-Newtonian fluid dynamics model directly from a microscale description. Dumbbell polymer solutions are used as examples to demonstrate the essential ideas. To faithfully retain molecular fidelity, we establish a micro-macro correspondence via a set of encoders for the microscale polymer configurations and their macroscale counterparts, a set of nonlinear conformation tensors. The dynamics of these conformation tensors can be derived from the microscale model, and the relevant terms can be parametrized using machine learning. The final model, named the deep non-Newtonian model (DeePN2), takes the form of conventional non-Newtonian fluid dynamics models, with a generalized form of the objective tensor derivative that retains the microscale interpretations. Both the formulation of the dynamic equation and the neural network representation rigorously preserve the rotational invariance, which ensures the admissibility of the constructed model. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy of DeePN2 where models based on empirical closures show limitations.

关键词： Learning Neuronal networks Complex fluids Non-Newtonian fluids Rheology Viscoelasticity Multiscale modeling

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