Classical spin liquids (CSLs) are intriguing states of matter that do not exhibit long-range magnetic order and are characterized by an extensive ground-state degeneracy. Adding quantum fluctuations, which induce dyna...
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Although the time-dependent buildup processes of Autler-Townes splitting in attosecond transient absorption spectra have been observed in plenty of experiments, there still exists an open question of when the splittin...
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Although the time-dependent buildup processes of Autler-Townes splitting in attosecond transient absorption spectra have been observed in plenty of experiments, there still exists an open question of when the splitting is maximized, which tells us how fast the system responds to the pump field and how well the adiabatic following is in a slowly varying few-cycle laser pulse. In this Letter we work out a compact formula to quantify the buildup time of the Autler-Townes splitting, which is related to multiple timescales of the laser-atom system, e.g., the Rabi period, the laser cycle, and the pulse duration, according to a universal power law. This scaling law applies not only to singly excited states, but also to doubly excited states in which complex electron-electron interaction gets involved. Our findings have potential applications in calibrating the zero delay in a transient absorption spectroscopy.
作者：
Skolnick, MurrayTorquato, SalvatoreDepartment of Chemistry
Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Chemistry
Department of Physics Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States
It is well-known that the degeneracy of two-phase microstructures with the same volume fraction and two-point correlation function S2(r) is generally infinite. To elucidate the degeneracy problem explicitly, we examin...
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We compute the thermal conductivity of water within linear response theory from equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, by adopting two different approaches. In one, the potential energy surface (PES) is derived o...
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Proteins sample an ensemble of conformers under physiological conditions, having access to a spectrum of modes of motions, also called intrinsic dynamics. These motions ensure the adaptation to various interactions in...
Collective neutrino flavor oscillations are of primary importance in understanding the dynamic evolution of core-collapse supernovae and subsequent terrestrial detection, but also among the most challenging aspects of...
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Precise automated delineation of post-operative gross tumor volume in glioblastoma cases is challenging and time-consuming owing to the presence of edema and the deformed brain tissue resulting from the surgical tumor...
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Precise automated delineation of post-operative gross tumor volume in glioblastoma cases is challenging and time-consuming owing to the presence of edema and the deformed brain tissue resulting from the surgical tumor resection. The pre-operative glioma segmentation models that have been developed to date struggle to define the post-operative cavity and any residual tumor;however, the postoperative tumor and cavity are what are tracked to assess treatment response. To develop a model for automated delineation of post-operative gross tumor volumes in glioblastoma, we proposed a novel 3D double pocket U-Net architecture that has two parallel pocket U-Nets. Both U-Nets were trained simultaneously with two different subsets of MRI sequences and the output from the models was combined to do the final prediction. We strategically combined the MRI input sequences (T1, T2, T1C, FL) for model training to achieve improved segmentation accuracy. The dataset comprised 82 postoperative studies collected from 23 glioblastoma patients who underwent maximal safe tumor resection. All had gross tumor volume (GTV) segmentations performed by human experts, and these were used as a reference standard. The results of 3D double pocket U-Net were compared with baseline 3D pocket U-Net models and the ensemble of 3D pocket U-Net models. All the models were evaluated with fivefold cross-validation in terms of the Dice similarity coefficient and Hausdorff distance. Our proposed double U-Net model trained with input sequences [T1, T1C, FL + T2, T1C] achieved a better mean Dice score of 0.8585 and Hausdorff distance of 4.1942 compared to all the baseline models and ensemble models trained. The presence of infiltrating tumors and vasogenic edema in the post-operative MRI scans tends to reduce segmentation accuracy when considering the MRI sequences T1, T2, T1C, and FL together for model training. The double U-Net approach of combining subsets of the MRI sequences as distinct inputs for model trai
Relying on the anharmonic special displacement method, we introduce an ab initio quasistatic polymorphous framework to describe local disorder, anharmonicity, and electron-phonon coupling in superionic conductors. Usi...
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This work presents a computer program that performs symmetry-unrestricted 3D nuclear time-dependent density function theory (DFT) calculations. The program features the augmented Lagrangian constraint in the static ca...
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Understanding the role of inelastic electron scattering in water is of fundamental importance in various fields ranging from atmospheric chemistry to radiation biology. The lack of accurate excitation cross sections f...
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Understanding the role of inelastic electron scattering in water is of fundamental importance in various fields ranging from atmospheric chemistry to radiation biology. The lack of accurate excitation cross sections for water results in a large uncertainty, for example, in the track structure simulation for modeling radiation damage to DNA. The large differences of the integral cross sections (ICSs) for the optical-allowed excitations Ã1B1 and B̃1A1 of H2O among experiments and theories have been maintaining for decades. To resolve this issue, by combining the ab initio calculation with the electron correlation being taken into account accurately, we compare the ICSs determined by high-energy electron scattering with the existing experiments at low and intermediate energies and theories, where the present experiment eliminated the errors from the spectral deconvolution in low-energy measurements. Our work provides a recommendation for the ICSs of the two excitations from thresholds up to several keV, and suggests the existing selected ICSs for H2O be revised for accurate modeling radiation effects in biological matter and describing the transport properties of electrons in aqueous systems.
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