检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Quantum advantage in biometric authentication with single photons

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2021年

作者： Kominis, I.K. Loulakis, M. Department of Physics University of Crete Heraklion71003 Greece Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics University of Crete Heraklion70013 Greece School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences National Technical University of Athens Athens15780 Greece Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics FORTH Heraklion71110 Greece

It was recently proposed to use the human visual system's ability to perform efficient photon counting in order to devise a new biometric methodology. The relevant biometric "fingerprint" is represented by the optical losses light suffers along several different paths from the cornea to the retina. The "fingerprint" is accessed by interrogating a subject on perceiving or not weak light flashes, containing few tens of photons, so that the subject's visual system works at the threshold of perception, at which regime optical losses play a significant role. Here we show that if instead of weak laser light pulses we use quantum light sources, in particular single-photon sources, we obtain a quantum advantage, which translates into a reduction of the interrogation time required to achieve a desired performance. Besides the particular application on biometrics, our work further demonstrates that quantum light sources can provide deeper insights when studying human *** Codes 81V80, 60C05 Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biometrics

A priori estimates for classification problems using neural networks

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2020年

作者： Weinan, E. Wojtowytsch, Stephan Program for Applied and Computational Mathematics Department of Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Program for Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

We consider binary and multi-class classification problems using hypothesis classes of neural networks. For a given hypothesis class, we use Rademacher complexity estimates and direct approximation theorems to obtain a priori error estimates for regularized loss *** Codes 68T07, 60-08 Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Classification (of information)

Spin-affected droplet coalescence and separation undergoing off-center collision 15

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Spin-affected droplet coalescence and separation undergoing ...

15th Triennial International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, ICLASS 2021

作者： He, Chengming Hu, Jun Yue, Lianjie Zhang, Peng Lab of Aerospace Science and Technology Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

A recent study (Phys. Review Fluids 5, 113601, 2020) has demonstrated the importance of initial droplet spin on their bouncing, coalescence, and separation for a specific case upon head-on collision. In this paper, a computational study by using the Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) method was performed to investigate the spin-affected coalescence-separation transition for more practical situations of off-center collision. First, a parametric study on droplet separation modes with varying spinning speed (ω0) and impact parameter (B) was analysed, showing that droplet spin influences reflexive and stretching separations with different mechanisms. Second, the influence of spin chirality on coalescence-separation boundary transition was studied. A prominent finding is that the spin angular momentum of the merged droplet accounts for the droplet separation, in which increasing spin angular momentum by a droplet spin suppress reflective separation while promote stretching separation, and decreasing spin angular momentum by a opposite droplet spin negligibly influence reflexive separation while suppress stretching separation. © 2021 ICLASS 2021 - 15th Triennial International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Coalescence

Spread complexity as classical dilaton solutions

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2023年

作者： Chattopadhyay, Arghya Mitra, Arpita van Zyl, Hendrik J.R. Service de Physique de l’Univers Champs et Gravitation Université de Mons 20 Place du Parc Mons7000 Belgium Department of Physics Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Laboratory for Quantum Gravity & Strings Department of Mathematics & Applied Mathematics University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa The National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences Private Bag X1 Matieland South Africa

We demonstrate a relation between Nielsen’s approach towards circuit complexity and Krylov complexity through a particular construction of quantum state space geometry. We start by associating Kähler structures on the full projective Hilbert space of low rank algebras. This geometric structure of the states in the Hilbert space ensures that every unitary transformation of the associated algebras leave the metric and the symplectic forms invariant. We further associate a classical matter free Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity model with these state manifolds and show that the dilaton can be interpreted as the quantum mechanical expectation values of the symmetry generators. On the other hand we identify the dilaton with the spread complexity over a Krylov basis thereby proposing a geometric perspective connecting two different notions of complexity. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Hilbert spaces

clotFoam: An Open-Source Framework to Simulate Blood Clot Formation Under Arterial Flow

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2023年

作者： Montgomery, David Municchi, Federico Leiderman, Karin Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois St GoldenCO80401 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois St GoldenCO80401 United States Department of Mathematics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 216 Lenoir Dr Chapel HillNC27599 United States Computational Medicine Program University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 216 Lenoir Dr Chapel HillNC27599 United States

Blood clotting involves the coupled processes of platelet aggregation and coagulation. Simulating clotting under flow in complex geometries is challenging due to multiple temporal and spatial scales and high computational cost. clotFoam is an open-source software developed in OpenFOAM that employs a continuum model of platelet advection, diffusion, and aggregation in a dynamic fluid environment and a simplified coagulation model with proteins that advect, diffuse, and react within the fluid and with wall-bound species through reactive boundary conditions. Our framework provides the foundation on which one can build more complex models and perform reliable simulations in almost any computational domain. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Coagulation

The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: Droplet Recognition by a "Shootout"-Heuristics 15th

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: Droplet Recognition by a...

15th International Workshop on Artificial Life and Evolutionary Computation, WIVACE 2021

作者： Matuttis, Hans-Georg Holler, Silvia Casiraghi, Federica Schneider, Johannes Josef Faggian, Alessia Füchslin, Rudolf Marcel Hanczyc, Martin Michael Department of Mechanical and Intelligent Systems Engineering The University of Electro-Communications Chofu Chofugaoka 1-5-1 Tokyo182-8585 Japan Laboratory for Artificial Biology Department of Cellular Computational and Integrative Biology University of Trento Via Sommarive Povo9-38123 Italy Institute of Applied Mathematics and Physics School of Engineering Zurich University of Applied Sciences Technikumstr. 9 Winterthur8401 Switzerland European Centre for Living Technology S. Marco 2940 Venice30124 Italy Chemical and Biological Engineering University of New Mexico MSC01 1120 AlbuquerqueNM87131-0001 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031239281

We explain how to optimize the image analysis of mixed clusters of red and green droplets in solvents with various degrees of sharpness, brightness, contrast and density. The circular Hough Transform is highly efficient for separated circles with reasonable background contrast, but not for large amounts of partially overlapping shapes, some of them blurred, as in the images of our dense droplet suspensions. We explain why standard approaches for image improvement fail and present a "shootout" approach, where already detected circles are masked, so that the removal of sharp outlines improves the relative optical quality of the remaining droplets. Nevertheless, for intrinsic reasons, there are limits to the accuracy of data which can be obtained on very dense clusters. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Hough transforms

Symmetry-Based Phenomenological Model for Magnon Transport in a Multiferroic

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Physical Review Letters 2025年第1期134卷 016703-016703页

作者： Isaac A. Harris Sajid Husain Peter Meisenheimer Maya Ramesh Hyeon Woo Park Lucas Caretta Darrell G. Schlom Zhi Yao Lane W. Martin Department of Physics University of California Berkeley California USA Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley California USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University Ithaca New York USA Department of Physics Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejon Korea School of Engineering Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science Ithaca New York 14853 USA Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung Max-Born-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Germany Applied Mathematics and Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston Texas USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston Texas USA Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston Texas USA Rice Advanced Materials Institute Rice University Houston Texas USA

Magnons—carriers of spin information—can be controlled by electric fields in the multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO), a milestone that brings magnons closer to application in future devices. The origin of magnon-spin currents in BFO, however, is not fully understood due to BFO’s complicated magnetic texture. In this Letter, we present a phenomenological model to elucidate the existence of magnon spin currents in generalized multiferroics by examining the symmetries inherent to their magnetic and polar structures. This model is grounded in experimental data obtained from BFO and its derivatives, which informs the symmetry operations and resultant magnon behavior. By doing so, we address the issue of symmetry-allowed, switchable magnon spin transport in multiferroics, thereby establishing a critical framework for comprehending magnon transport within complex magnetic textures.

关键词： Electric fields

KSSOLV 2.0: An efficient MATLAB toolbox for solving the Kohn-Sham equations with plane-wave basis set

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2022年

作者： Jiao, Shizhe Zhang, Zhenlin Wu, Kai Wan, Lingyun Ma, Huanhuan Li, Jielan Chen, Sheng Qin, Xinming Liu, Jie Ding, Zijing Yang, Jinlong Li, Yingzhou Hu, Wei Lin, Lin Yang, Chao School of Future Technology Department of Chemical Physics Anhui Center for Applied Mathematics University of Science and Technology of China Jinzhai Road No.96 Hefei230026 China School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan University Handan Road No.220 Shanghai200433 China Department of Mathematics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Applied Mathematics and Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States

KSSOLV (Kohn-Sham Solver) is a MATLAB toolbox for performing Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) calculations with a plane-wave basis set. KSSOLV 2.0 preserves the design features of the original KSSOLV software to allow users and developers to easily set up a problem and perform ground-state calculations as well as to prototype and test new algorithms. Furthermore, it includes new functionalities such as new iterative diagonalization algorithms, k-point sampling for electron band structures, geometry optimization and advanced algorithms for performing DFT calculations with local, semi-local, and hybrid exchange-correlation functionals. It can be used to study the electronic structures of both molecules and solids. We describe these new capabilities in this work through a few use cases. We also demonstrate the numerical accuracy and computational efficiency of KSSOLV on a variety of examples. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Density functional theory

Gravitational-Wave Parameter Estimation in non-Gaussian noise using Score-Based Likelihood Characterization

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2024年

作者： Legin, Ronan Isi, Maximiliano Wong, Kaze W.K. Hezaveh, Yashar Perreault-Levasseur, Laurence Ciela - Montreal Institute for Astrophysical Data Analysis and Machine Learning MontréalQC Canada Department of Physics Université de Montréal MontréalQC Canada Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute MontréalQC Canada Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute New YorkNY United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD United States Trottier Space Institute MontréalQC Canada Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics WaterlooON Canada

Gravitational-wave (GW) parameter estimation typically assumes that instrumental noise is Gaussian and stationary. Obvious departures from this idealization are typically handled on a case-by-case basis, e.g., through bespoke procedures to "clean" non-Gaussian noise transients (glitches), as was famously the case for the GW170817 neutron-star binary. Although effective, manipulating the data in this way can introduce biases in the inference of key astrophysical properties, like binary precession, and compound in unpredictable ways when combining multiple observations;alternative procedures free of the same biases, like joint inference of noise and signal properties, have so far proved too computationally expensive to execute at scale. Here we take a different approach: rather than explicitly modeling individual non-Gaussianities to then apply the traditional GW likelihood, we seek to learn the true distribution of instrumental noise without presuming Gaussianity and stationarity in the first place. Assuming only noise additivity, we employ score-based diffusion models to learn an empirical noise distribution directly from detector data and then combine it with a deterministic waveform model to provide an unbiased estimate of the likelihood function. We validate the method by performing inference on a subset of GW parameters from 400 mock observations, containing real LIGO noise from either the Livingston or Hanford detectors. We show that the proposed method can recover the true parameters even in the presence of loud glitches, and that the inference is unbiased over a population of signals without applying any cleaning to the data. This work provides a promising avenue for extracting unbiased source properties in future GW observations over the coming decade. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Background noise