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Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第10期8卷 e633-e651页

作者： Jahagirdar, Deepa Walters, Magdalene K. Novotney, Amanda Brewer, Edmond D. Frank, Tahvi D. Carter, Austin Biehl, Molly H. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abhilash, E.S. Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Adekanmbi, Victor Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Aghababaei, Soodabeh Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akram, Tayyaba Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Aleksandrova, Ekaterina A. Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Almustanyir, Sami Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amu, Hubert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Anvari, Davood Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Arulappan, Judie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Darshan, B.B. Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Belay, Habtamu Gebrehana Berheto, Tezera Moshago Bezabhe, Woldesellassie Mequanint Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Bisignano, Catherine Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi Boloor, Archith Boltaev, Azizbek A. Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Burkart, Katrin Butt, Zahid A. Cao, Chao Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Cowden, Richard G. Dachew, Berihun Assefa Dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, José Degenhardt, Louisa Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Deuba, Keshab Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhungana, Govinda Prasad Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Doan, Linh Phuong Dorostkar, Fariba Edinur, Hisham Atan Effiong, Andem Eftekharzadeh, Sahar El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Elayedath, Rajesh Elhadi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States School of Social Work University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeones Columbia University Medical Center New York NY United States Division of Data Analytics and Delivery for Impact WHO Geneva Switzerland Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Psychiatry Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Centre for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Botany Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur Kozhikode India Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mass Communication Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health-Care Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Population Medicine Ca

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to end HIV/AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Understanding the current state of the HIV epidemic and its change over time is essential to this effort. This study assesses the current sex-specific HIV burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic. Methods: To estimate age-specific and sex-specific trends in 48 of 204 countries, we extended the Estimation and Projection Package Age-Sex Model to also implement the spectrum paediatric model. We used this model in cases where age and sex specific HIV-seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care-clinic sentinel surveillance data were available. For the remaining 156 of 204 locations, we developed a cohort-incidence bias adjustment to derive incidence as a function of cause-of-death data from vital registration systems. The incidence was input to a custom Spectrum model. To assess progress, we measured the percentage change in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 (threshold >75% decline), the ratio of incident cases to number of people living with HIV (incidence-to-prevalence ratio threshold <0·03), and the ratio of incident cases to deaths (incidence-to-mortality ratio threshold <1·0). Findings: In 2019, there were 36·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35·1–38·9) people living with HIV worldwide. There were 0·84 males (95% UI 0·78–0·91) per female living with HIV in 2019, 0·99 male infections (0·91–1·10) for every female infection, and 1·02 male deaths (0·95–1·10) per female death. Global progress in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 was driven by sub-Saharan Africa (with a 28·52% decrease in incident cases, 95% UI 19·58–35·43, and a 39·66% decrease in deaths, 36·49–42·36). Elsewhere, the incidence remained stable or increased, whereas deaths generally decreased. In 2019, the global incidence-to-prevalence ratio was 0·05 (95% UI 0·05–0·06) and the global incidence-to-mortality ratio was

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26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017): Part 3 Antwerp, Belgium. 15-20 July 2017 Abstracts

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BMC NEUROSCIENCE 2017年第SUPPL 1期18卷 95-176页

作者： [Anonymous] Department of Neuroscience Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA Department Physiology & Pharmacology SUNY Downstate Brooklyn NY 11203 USA NYU School of Engineering 6 MetroTech Center Brooklyn NY 11201 USA Departament de Matemàtica Aplicada Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona 08028 Spain Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerrannée (INMED) INSERM UMR901 Aix-Marseille Univ Marseille France Center of Neural Science New York University New York NY USA Aix-Marseille Univ INSERM INS Inst Neurosci Syst Marseille France Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modélisation CNRS UMR 8089 Université de Cergy-Pontoise 95300 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex France Department of Mathematics and Computer Science ENSAT Abdelmalek Essaadi’s University Tangier Morocco Laboratory of Natural Computation Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics University of Salerno 84084 Fisciano SA Italy Department of Medicine University of Salerno 84083 Lancusi SA Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi Aldo Moro Bari and INFN Sezione Di Bari Italy Data Analysis Department Ghent University Ghent Belgium Coma Science Group University of Liège Liège Belgium Cruces Hospital and Ikerbasque Research Center Bilbao Spain BIOtech Department of Industrial Engineering University of Trento and IRCS-PAT FBK 38010 Trento Italy Department of Data Analysis Ghent University Ghent 9000 Belgium The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging University College London London WC1N 3BG UK Department of Electronic Engineering NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan Blue Brain Project École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Departement of Mathematics Swansea University Swansea Wales UK Laboratory for Topology and Neuroscience at the Brain Mind Institute École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Institute of Mathematics University of Aberdeen Aberdeen Scotland UK Department of Integrativ

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Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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The Lancet 2020年第10258期396卷 1160-1203页

作者： Abbafati, C. Machado, D.B. Cislaghi, B. Salman, O.M. Karanikolos, M. McKee, M. Abbas, K.M. Brady, O.J. Larson, H.J. Trias-Llimós, S. Cummins, S. Langan, S.M. Sartorius, B. Hafiz, A. Jenabi, E. Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N. Borzouei, S. Azarian, G. Khazaei, S. Abbasi, M. Asghari, B. Masoumi, S. Komaki, H. Taherkhani, A. Adabi, M. Abbasifard, M. Bazmandegan, G. Kamiab, Z. Vakilian, A. Anjomshoa, M. Mokari, A. Sabour, S. Shahbaz, M. Saeedi, R. Ahmadieh, H. Yousefinezhadi, T. Haj-Mirzaian, A. Nikbakhsh, R. Safi, S. Asgari, S. Irvani, S.N. Jahanmehr, N. Ramezanzadeh, K. Abbasi-Kangevari, M. Khayamzadeh, M. Abbastabar, H. Shirkoohi, R. Fazlzadeh, M. Janjani, H. Hosseini, M. Mansournia, M. Tohidinik, H. Bakhtiari, A. Fazaeli, A. Mousavi, S. Hasanzadeh, A. Nabavizadeh, B. Malekzadeh, R. Hashemian, M. Pourshams, A. Salimzadeh, H. Sepanlou, S.G. Afarideh, M. Esteghamati, A. Esteghamati, S. Ghajar, A. Heidari, B. Rezaei, N. Mohamadi, E. Rahimi-Movaghar, A. Rahim, F. Eskandarieh, S. Sahraian, M. Mohebi, F. Aminorroaya, A. Ebrahimi, H. Farzadfar, F. Mohajer, B. Pishgar, F. Saeedi Moghaddam, S. Shabani, M. Zarafshan, H. Abolhassani, H. Hafezi-Nejad, N. Heidari-Soureshjani, R. Abdollahi, M. Farahmand, M. Salamati, P. Mehrabi Nasab, E. Tajdini, M. Aghamir, S. Mirzaei, R. Dibaji Forooshani, Z. Khater, M.M. Abd-Allah, F. Abdelalim, A. Abualhasan, A. El-Jaafary, S.I. Hassan, A. Elsharkawy, A. Khater, A.M. Elhabashy, H.R. Salem, M.R.R. Salem, H. Sadeghi, M. Jafarinia, M. Amini-Rarani, M. Mohammadifard, N. Sarrafzadegan, N. Abdollahpour, I. Sarveazad, A. Tehrani-Banihashemi, A. Yoosefi Lebni, J. Manafi, N. Pazoki Toroudi, H. Dorostkar, F. Alipour, V. Sheikhtaheri, A. Arabloo, J. Azari, S. Ghashghaee, A. Rezapour, A. Naserbakht, M. Kabir, A. Mehri, F. Yousefifard, M. Asadi-Aliabadi, M. Babaee, E. Eshrati, B. Goharinezhad, S. Moradi-Lakeh, M. Abedi, P. Rashedi, V. Kumar, V. Elgendy, I.Y. Basu, S. Park, J. Pereira, A. Norheim, O.F. Eagan, A.W. Cahill, L.E. Sheikh, A. Abushouk, A.I. Kraemer, M.U.G. Thakur, B. Bärnighausen, T.W. Shrime, M.G. Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Centre for Global Mental Health (CGMH) London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Department of Global Health and Development London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Department of Health Services Research and Policy London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Department of Public Health Environments and Society London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom MSc Epidemiology Programme London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center Hamadan Iran Department of Biostatistics Hamadan Iran Department of Endocrinology Hamadan Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Hamadan Iran Department of Epidemiology Hamadan Iran Department of Internal Medicine Hamadan Iran Department of Microbiology Hamadan Iran Department of Midwifery Hamadan Iran Neurophysiology Research Center Hamadan Iran Research Center for Molecular Medicine Hamadan Iran Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran Clinical Research Development Unit Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Rafsanjan Iran Department of Internal Medicine Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Rafsanjan Iran Department of Neurology Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Rafsanjan Iran Department of

Background: Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 produced updated and comprehensive demographic assessments of the key indicators of fertility, mortality, migration, and population for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations from 1950 to 2019. Methods: 8078 country-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 938 surveys, 349 censuses, and 238 other sources were identified and used to estimate age-specific fertility. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate age-specific fertility rates for 5-year age groups between ages 15 and 49 years. With extensions to age groups 10–14 and 50–54 years, the total fertility rate (TFR) was then aggregated using the estimated age-specific fertility between ages 10 and 54 years. 7417 sources were used for under-5 mortality estimation and 7355 for adult mortality. ST-GPR was used to synthesise data sources after correction for known biases. Adult mortality was measured as the probability of death between ages 15 and 60 years based on vital registration, sample registration, and sibling histories, and was also estimated using ST-GPR. HIV-free life tables were then estimated using estimates of under-5 and adult mortality rates using a relational model life table system created for GBD, which closely tracks observed age-specific mortality rates from complete vital registration when available. Independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated by an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance and other sources were incorporated into the estimates in countries with large epidemics. Annual and single-year age estimates of net migration and population for each country and territory were generated using a Bay

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Robotic driving assistance system for manual wheelchair user on uneven ground

Robotic driving assistance system for manual wheelchair user...

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IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR)

作者： Daisuke Chugo Nobuhiro Goto Sho Yokota Satoshi Muramatsu Hiroshi Hashimoto Graduate School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Toyo University Saitama Japan School of Information Science and Technology Tokai University Hiratsuka Japan Master Program of Innovation for Design and Engineering Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479918096

This paper proposes a novel driving assistance system for a manual wheelchair. On an inclined road, there is a high risk of a wheelchair moving in a direction that the user does not intend. Using only servo brakes on each wheel, our proposed system negates the wheel traction that is generated by the road's inclination. Our system measures the road's inclination and estimates the wheel traction generated by gravitational force. Our system then cancels this traction and the user can drive the wheelchair as they would on flat ground. The system is intuitive because the user drives the wheelchair in the usual manner, and our assistance system works passively to complement the user's intentional force. Our system uses only servo brakes that can generate the various required levels of brake traction. Our system does not require actuators, and its mechanism is simple and inexpensive. There is no risk of malfunction of servomotors. We verified the effectiveness of our proposed assistance system by conducting experiments with a prototype.

关键词： Wheelchairs Wheels Brakes Gravity Sensors Servomotors Acceleration

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Active seating support which reduces the pressure and share stress for a wheelchair user

Active seating support which reduces the pressure and share ...

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Conference on Human system Interactions, HSI

作者： Daisuke Chugo Kenji Shiotani Masaaki Yoshida Satoshi Muramatsu Sho Yokota Hiroshi Hashimoto School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Japan School of Information Science and Technology Tokai University Hiratsuka Kanagawa Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Toyo University Kawagoe Saitama Japan Master Program of Innovation for Design and Engineering Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology Shinagawa Tokyo Japan

This paper proposes an automatic sitting posture coordination system for avoiding the risk of the pressure sore on a wheelchair. For avoiding this risk, it is important to maintain the suitable posture which reduces the pressure concentration and share stress between the buttock and a sitting surface on the wheelchair, and to depressurize them as the healthy person does during sitting on the wheelchair. For realizing these functions, this paper proposes an active seating support system which consists of a sitting surface lifting device and a backrest tension coordination device. Our system estimates the pressure concentration and share stress on the buttock and based on the estimated results, our system realizes the suitable sitting posture which minimizes them coordinating two devices. Furthermore, when the risk of the pressure sore increases, our system assists to depressurize the pressure concentration and share stress with this suitable sitting posture. Using our proposed active seating system, the patient can depressurize by a natural body motion as the healthy person automatically. The performance of our system is verified by experiments using our prototype.

关键词： Stress Wheelchairs Force Buttocks Muscles Stress measurement Position measurement

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A manual wheelchair assistance system which cancels a gravitational force on a slope

A manual wheelchair assistance system which cancels a gravit...

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IEEE International Conference on industrial technology (ICIT)

作者： Daisuke Chugo Masahiro Goto Satoshi Muramatsu Sho Yokota Yuki Sakaida Hiroshi Hashimoto Graduate School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo Japan RIKEN-SRK Collaboration Center for Human-Interactive Robot Research RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) Nagoya Aichi Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Toyo University Kawagoe Saitama Japan Master Program of Innovation for Design and Engineering Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology Shinagawa Tokyo Japan

This paper proposes a novel driving assistance system for a manual wheelchair. On an inclination road, there is a high risk of moving the direction, which a manual wheelchair user does not intend, because of a gravitational force. Our proposed system cancels the wheel traction, which is generated according to the inclination of the road, using only servo brakes on each wheel. Our system measures the inclination of the road and estimates the wheel traction generated by a gravitational force. Then, our system cancels this traction and its user can use this wheelchair as its user drives it on no inclination flat ground. Its user can use it intuitively because its user drives this wheelchair by rowing its hand rims as usual and our assistance system works passively with their own intentional force. For realizing this idea, our system uses only servo brakes which can generate the various required brake traction. Our system does not require actuators, and its mechanism is simple and low cost. There is no risk by malfunction of servomotors. We test our proposed assistance system by the experiments with our prototype and verify its effectiveness.

关键词： Wheelchairs Wheels Acceleration Gravity Roads Servomotors

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Adaptive control for velocity control of an electric wheelchair

Adaptive control for velocity control of an electric wheelch...

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2013 3rd International Conference on Instrumentation, Control and Automation, ICA 2013

作者： Clearesta, Evan Wardhana, Ananta Adhi Widyotriatmo, Augie Suprijanto, S. Engineering Physics Program Faculty of Industrial Technology ITB Bandung Indonesia Instrumentation and Control Research Group Faculty of Industrial Technology ITB Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467357982

This paper presents the implementation of adaptive control of an electric wheelchair. The control objective is to control the velocity of the left and right wheels to follow the desired velocity commands. The equations of motion of the wheelchair are derived. This system compared the wheel rotational velocity that is measured by the encoder with the reference model. The adaptive control equation stability has been checked with Lyapunov stability. The simulation result shows that the electric wheelchair velocity using this control system tracks the desired velocity model. If the input was made truncated, it just makes the system reaches its set point a little bit longer. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Velocity

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Experiment of a low cost computation particle filter for localization of an electric wheelchair

Experiment of a low cost computation particle filter for loc...

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2013 International Conference on Robotics, Biomimetics, Intelligent Computational systems, ROBIONETICS 2013

作者： Wardana, Ananta Adhi Widyotriatmo, Augie Janto, Supri Juliastuti, Endang Engineering Physics Program Faculty of Industrial Technology ITB Bandung Indonesia Instrumentation and Control Research Group Faculty of Industrial Technology ITB Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479912087

In this paper, an experiment of a novel particle filter for localization of an electric wheelchair is presented. The particle filter algorithm is modified in the sense of using a minimum number of particles, thus a low cost computation particle filter isperformed. The prediction is calculated based upon the dead reckoning methods;the estimation is performed using the vision system which provides position and orientation measurements in the global coordinate. Only a small number of particles are used in the prediction step. The experimental results in the electric wheelchair show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

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Design of Brain-computer interface platform for semi real-time commanding electrical wheelchair simulator movement

Design of Brain-computer interface platform for semi real-ti...

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2013 3rd International Conference on Instrumentation, Control and Automation, ICA 2013

作者： Kaysa, W Affan Suprijanto, S. Widyotriatmo, Augie Engineering Physics Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Instrumentation and Control Research Group Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467357982

Brain Computer Interface (BCI) research has developed intensively during past years, especially in the assistive technology development for disabled people, e.g. electric wheelchair. This paper will propose our design of the BCI platform for commanding the electric wheelchair simulator. A wireless EEG device is used because of the need for mobile, comfortable, and user-friendly BCI platform. This paper will cover the design process to build the BCI platform prototype, and evaluation about the result achieved. Our BCI platform consists of Emotiv EPOC wireless EEG, and a computer for EEG acquisition, noise filtering, feature extraction, feature classification, and gives control command to wheelchair simulator that is connected via USB. Power spectral density is used as feature extraction of μ rhythm and artificial neural network with multi layer perceptron is used for classifying the idle and movement condition and for classifying between right hand and left hand movement. The first prototype of our BCI system has an interchangeable classification database that allows drastic modification of the system input, output, user recognition, and even the classification method. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Brain computer interface

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Skill Level Evaluation for Taijiquan Based on Curve Fitting and Logarithmic Distribution Diagram of Curvature

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SICE Journal of Control, Measurement, and system Integration 2013年第4期6卷 276-280页

作者： Toshiyuki Murao Yasuyuki Hirao Hiroshi Hashimoto Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda UniversityJapan Science and Technology Agency CREST Master Program of Innovation for Design and Engineering Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology

This paper proposes an objective skill level evaluation method for Taijiquan. The proposed skill level evaluation method utilizes both curve fitting to spiral motion and classification based on a logarithmic distribution diagram of curvature for a human body part. In order to demonstrate a possibility of the proposed method, the paper presents experimental results with a Kinect sensor for three subjects, i.e., a beginner, intermediate and expert.

关键词： skill level evaluation Taijiquan logarithmic distribution diagram of curvature Kinect

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