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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lewis, Joshua M. Carr, Lincoln D. Quantum Engineering Program Colorado School of Mines 1523 Illinois St. GoldenCO80401 United States Department of Physics Colorado School of Mines 1523 Illinois St. GoldenCO80401 United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Colorado School of Mines 1523 Illinois St. GoldenCO80401 United States

Until now multiscale quantum problems have appeared to be out of reach at the many-body level relevant to strongly correlated materials and current quantum information devices. In fact, they can be modeled with q-th order fractional derivatives, as we demonstrate in this work, treating classical and quantum phase transitions in a fractional Ising model for 0 D of the system tied geometrically to the anomalous dimension η. We discover that for classical systems, HD is precisely equal to the fractional order q. In contrast, for quantum systems, HD deviates from this direct equivalence, scaling more gradually, driven by additional degrees of freedom introduced by quantum fluctuations. These results reveal how fractional derivatives fundamentally modify the fractal geometry of many-body interactions, directly influencing the universal symmetries of the system and overcoming traditional dimensional restrictions on phase transitions. Specifically, we find that for q © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Enhancing the Properties of Polyester Composites Using Unidirectional Acetylated Fibers from Luffa Cylindrica

Enhancing the Properties of Polyester Composites Using Unidi...

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Symposium on Natural Fibers and Biocomposites: A Sustainable Solution, 2025, held as part of the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition, TMS 2025

作者： de Melo, Eduarda C. R. Amaral, Heliane R. dos Silva, Roseméri B. S. Cândido, Verônica S. Lopes, Felipe P. D. Monteiro, Sergio N. Oliveira, Michel P. Forest and Wood Sciences Department Federal University of Espírito Santo Jeronimo Monteiro Vitória29550-000 Brazil Laboratory of Carbon and Ceramic Materials Department of Physics Federal University of Espírito Santo ES Vitória29075-910 Brazil Engineering of Natural Resources of the Amazon Program Federal University of Para PA Belem67030-007 Brazil Rio de Janeiro22290-270 Brazil Advanced Materials Laboratory State University of the North of Rio de Janeiro Darcy Ribeiro—UENF Av Alberto Lamego 2000 CEP 28013-602 RJ Campos dos Goytacazes Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031811890

Polymeric compositesComposite reinforced by lignocellulosic fibersLignocellulosic fibers are an eco-friendly option for various applications that utilize the benefits of natural fibersNatural fibers and polymersPolymers to create materials with improved mechanical propertiesMechanical property and minimal environmental impactImpact. In this study, we acetylated unidirectional fibers from Luffa cylindrica and incorporated them into a polyester matrix. X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed the success of the acetylation process, replacing hydroxyl groups with acetyl groups. Moreover, thermal analysis showed that the acetylated fibers had no mass loss up to 200 °C, indicating their hydrophobic nature. Scanning electron microscopy displayed an excellent interface between the acetylated fibers and the polymeric matrix. The Charpy impactImpact resistance for the acetylated fibers showed a remarkable 1865% increase compared to pure polyester. Additionally, the compositeComposite with acetylated fibers absorbed only 2.54% of water. These results demonstrate that lignocellulosic fibersLignocellulosic fibers’ in situ acetylation process offers a more sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2025.

关键词： Natural fibers

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Competition between Hot Carriers and Surface Electrochemistry in Gold Nanorod Dissolution

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The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2025年第22期129卷 10154-10162页

作者： Jiamu Lin Katsuya Shiratori Claire A. West Alexander Al-Zubeidi Zhenyang Jia Hyuncheol Oh Stephan Link Christy F. Landes Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United States；Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston Texas 77005 United States Department of Physics University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United States；Applied Physics Graduate Program Rice University Houston Texas 77005 United States Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United States Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston Texas 77005 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United States；Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 United States Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United States；Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston Texas 77005 United States；Department of Physics University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United States；Applied Physics Graduate Program Rice University Houston Texas 77005 United States；Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United States；Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 United States；Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United States Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United States；Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston Texas 77005 United States；Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United States；Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 United States；Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 United

Plasmonic nanostructures have the potential to revolutionize photocatalysis by harnessing hot carriers to drive novel chemical reactions. Precise control of reaction sites on nanoparticles remains crucial for advancing catalyst design. The influence of hot carriers, particularly in the interplay with surface electrochemistry, needs further exploration. Employing single-particle spectroelectrochemical methods, we identify the conditions that lead to tip-preferred versus isotropic dissolution. We investigate how the applied potential, excitation laser power density, and wavelength of illumination directly direct gold nanorod dissolution. There is a competition between hot carrier localization and electrochemistry in determining the dissolution anisotropy. We observe that higher potentials favor isotropic dissolution, whereas higher laser power densities drive tip-specific dissolution. The results provide new insights into the control of tuning the gold nanoparticle dissolution anisotropy.

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METALLIC FUEL FOR NA-COOLED REACTORS WITH AN EXTENDED BURNUP CYCLE

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ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY 1985年第3期12卷 137-150页

作者： BENCHEIKH, A KARAM, RA School of Mechanical Engineering Nuclear Engineering and Health Physics Program Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 U.S.A.

In recent years, various reactors and fuel-cycle concepts have been proposed as alternatives to the (Pu-U)O 2 mixed-oxide fuel cycle. This interest has been stimulated by the need to utilize the U resources and also to contribute to the solution of the proliferation problem. To date, essentially all combinations of fuel-cycle mixes have been considered, except the denatured FBR operating on an extended burnup cycle. The basic feature of the proposed concept is a 233 U 238 U LMFBR using metallic fuel, enriched at the beginning of life to about 6 at. % cooled with Na, and designed to operate in such a way that, once the reactor is built, it only needs natural or depleted U as feed for the rest of the life of the reactor. The denatured breeder simply enriches the U to the level necessary to maintain criticality. Calculations show that the reactivity swing over each refueling interval, the fuel-pin performance and some safety parameters are all within current technology constraints.

关键词： NUCLEAR FUELS

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Study of doxorubicin release carried out by pH-responsive chitosan-alginate hydrogels

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Journal of Molecular Liquids 2025年 429卷

作者： Oliveira, Thayane Portela da Silva, Jhaemely Gabrielly Vieira Costa, Paloma Maia de Oliveira, Maykol Christian Damasceno Coelho, Ronaldo Cunha Santos Nascimento, Ariane Maria Silva Silva-Filho, Edson Cavalcanti dos Santos, Francisco Eroni Paz Muniz, Edvani Curti Postgraduate Program in Engineering and Materials Science Federal University of Piauí PI Teresina64049550 Brazil Physics Department Federal University of Piauí PI Teresina64049550 Brazil Department of Teacher Training Instituto Federal do Piauí PI Teresina64053-390 Brazil Chemistry Department Federal University of Piauí PI Teresina64049550 Brazil Chemistry Department State University of Maringá PR Maringá87020-900 Brazil

The use of polysaccharides in drug delivery systems has attracted increasing interest due to their functional properties. Among these, alginate (ALG) and chitosan (CH) are promising candidates for sustained drug delivery as they respond to pH, ensuring that the compound is released in a desired area. In this research physical hydrogels based on alginate and chitosan (ALG/CH) were prepared by varying the synthesis parameters (ALG at ALG/CH ratio, pH and speed stirring) and the effects of such parameters on hydrogels’ chemical and physical structure were accessed through several techniques. Also, the effects synthesis parameters on fractional release (Fmax), half time (t1/2) and percentage encapsulation efficiency (EE%), as the evaluated responses, were statically measured using a factorial design. Analysis through Raman and FTIR spectroscopies revealed the modes and bands corresponding to the precursors, confirming the formation of physically cross-linked hydrogels. The porous structure of the materials was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The swelling capacities of the hydrogels were analyzed at different pHs (5.4 and 7.4) and demonstrated that absorption increases in slightly acidic media. TG/DTG and Micro-CT analyzes of the sample with the greatest swelling showed that the degradation of the hydrogel occurs in two endothermic events and that the material possesses several sized and interconnected pores. The doxorubicin (DOX) release study showed that the release rate is higher as the higher proportion of CH relative to ALG. The factorial design analysis indicated the statistically significant factors in the DOX release tests. Thus, the results suggest that ALG/CH hydrogels can be tuned during their preparation to achieve optimal structure for pH-responsive to be applied for DOX releasing system. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Microgels

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Generalized Integral Fluctuation Relation with Feedback Control for Diffusion Processes

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Communications in Theoretical physics 2014年第10期61卷 571-578页

作者：柳飞谢洪城卢志悦 School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University Chemical Physics Program University of MarylandCollege ParkCollege Park MD 20742USA

We extend a generalized integral fluctuation relation in diffusion processes that we obtained previously to the situation with feedback control. The general relation not only covers existing results but also predicts other unnoticed fluctuation relations. In addition, we find that its explanation of time-reversal automatically emerges in the *** interesting observation leads into an alternative inequality about the entropy-like quantity with an improved lower bound. Two feedback-controlled Brownian models are used to verify the result.

关键词： diffusion processes information thermodynamics fluctuation relationship feedback

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A hybrid few-group homogenization approach for coupled nodal diffusion-thermal hydraulic analysis of nuclear thermal propulsion reactors

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Annals of Nuclear Energy 2025年 222卷

作者： Smith, Jacob D. Kotlyar, Dan Nuclear and Radiological Engineering and Medical Physics Program George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332-0405 United States

Multiphysics coupled analysis for Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (NTP) systems are important for producing accurate core safety margins as the operation dependent thermal–hydraulic (T/H) parameters vary drastically across the core. Through the range of coupled physics model's fidelities, neutronics solutions for NTP reactors are primarily found using Monte Carlo (MC) transport solvers, which produce accurate results at the cost of high computational expense. The motivation for this research is to avoid the computational bottleneck of obtaining high-fidelity, neutronics solutions at every iteration by replacing the MC code with a reduced-order nodal diffusion code. Nodal diffusion analysis is widely used for Light Water Reactors (LWRs) with a standard method that involves pre-generated group constants for unique fuel types homogenized on the assembly level. A series of publications from the authors has detailed the efforts devoted to conducting steady-state, isothermal neutronics modeling of a NERVA-derived NTP reactor core using the nodal diffusion code, DYN3D, with homogenized two-group constant generated with the MC code Serpent and uniform discontinuity factors (UDFs) found using a Jacobian-Free Newton Krylov method (JFNK). The work presented in this paper is the culmination of these efforts, featuring the first demonstration of the finalized hybrid cross section generation approach and the subsequent use in full core simulations. The hybrid approach uses both full core and infinite lattice MC models to efficiently generate two-group homogenized parameters with unique T/H fields representative of a power ramp-up, interpolating on both cross sections and discontinuity factors as a function of control drum angle, fuel temperature, moderator temperature, and moderator coolant density. The results show that the hybrid approach to pre-generating group constants and correction parameters produces a set of data that can be used to obtain accurate – in comparison to the refe

关键词： Importance sampling

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MIGRATION OF ELEMENTAL MERCURY THROUGH SOIL FROM SIMULATED BURIAL SITES

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WATER RESEARCH 1988年第1期22卷 15-20页

作者： EICHHOLZ, GG PETELKA, MF KURY, RL Nuclear Engineering and Health Physics Program Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 U.S.A.

The potential migration of metallic mercury from shallow land burial sites into groundwater has been investigated by means of laboratory column tests and radioactive tracers. It was found that mercury will dissolve in water on concentrations of 20-80 ppb and high concentrations of EDTA in water will increase mercury solubility by complex formation. Standing mercury was found to penetrate up to 3-4 cm into dry soil columns under its own head. Flow tests with soil-equilibrated water, EDTA solutions or kaolin suspensions all showed little demonstrable migration or entrainment beyond the top 2 cm of the columns.

关键词： mercury waste disposal subsurface water soil migration entrainment radioactive tracers environmental impact mercury analysis

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Dual-compressed photoacoustic single-pixel imaging

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National Science Review 2023年第1期10卷 187-195页

作者： Yuning Guo Baowen Li Xiaobo Yin Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Department of Material Science and Engineering Department of Physics Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado

Photoacoustic imaging,an acoustic imaging modality with potentially optical resolution in an optical turbid medium,has attracted great ***,the convergence of wavefront optimization and raster scanning in computational photoacoustic imaging leads to the challenge of fast mapping,especially for a spatial resolution approaching the acoustic deep-subwavelength *** a sparse sampling paradigm,compressive sensing has been applied in numerous fields to accelerate data acquisition without significant quality *** this work,we propose a dual-compressed approach for photoacoustic surface tomography that enables high-efficiency imaging with 3D spatial resolution unlimited by the acoustics in a turbid *** dual-compressed photoacoustic imaging with single-pixel detection,enabled by spatially optical modulation with synchronized temporally photoacoustic coding,allows decoding of the fine optical information from the modulated acoustic signal even when the variance of original photoacoustic signals is *** perform a proof-of-principle numerical demonstration of dual-compressed photoacoustic imaging, that resolves acoustic sub-acoustic-wavelength details with a significantly reduced number of measurements,revealing the potential for dynamic *** dual-compressed concept,which transforms unobtrusive spatial difference into spatio-temporal detectable information,can be generalized to other imaging modalities to re alize efficient,high-spatial-resolution imaging.

关键词： photoacoustic imaging compressive sensing single-pixel imaging surface tomography

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A comprehensive review on natural convection in trapezoidal cavities with mono and hybrid nanofluids

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2025年 27卷

作者： Rashid, Farhan Lafta Alkhekany, Zainab Abdul Karim Eleiwi, Muhammad Asmail Bouabidi, Abdallah Ahmad, Shabbir Chibani, Atef Kezzar, Mohamed Kadhim, Saif Ali Askar, Ali Habeeb Hammoodi, Karrar A. Department of Petroleum Engineering College of EngineeringmUniversity of Kerbala Karbala56001 Iraq College of Engineering University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa Karbala56001 Iraq Electromechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering University of Samarra Samarra Iraq University of Gabes Avenue of Omar Ib-Elkhattab Gabes Zrig6023 Tunisia Graduate Program of Ocean Engineering School of Engineering Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Italia Avenue km 8 Rio Grande96201-900 Brazil Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI P.O.Box 64 Algiers Cheraga16014 Algeria Department of Mechanical Engineering University of 20 Aout 1955 El Hadaiek Road B. O. 26 Skikda21000 Algeria Technology Department Faculty of Technology 20 Aout 1955 University of Skikda PO Box 26 Skikda21000 Algeria Mechanical Engineering Department University of Technology- Iraq Baghdad Iraq Department of Fluid and Heat Engineering University of Miskolc Miskolc Hungary Institute of Physics and Electrical Engineering University of Miskolc Miskolc Hungary College of Engineering University of Al Maarif Al Anbar Iraq

This review synthesises advancements in natural convection within trapezoidal cavities using mono- and hybrid nanofluids, emphasising their geometric advantages for thermal management. Trapezoidal cavities promote asymmetric flow patterns that enhance heat transfer compared to conventional geometries, as demonstrated in applications like solar absorbers and electronic cooling. Through analysis of 50+ previous studies, the review identifies key trends: Hybrid nanofluids like Cu-Al₂O₃/water consistently outperform mono nanofluids in Nusselt number improvement, with gains exceeding 20 %. Inclined walls mitigate stagnant flow zones, though exact reduction rates vary with aspect ratio and nanoparticle concentration. Magnetic fields and porous media further modulate thermal performance, but trade-offs emerge between conductivity enhancement and viscosity penalties. This review provides a framework to optimise trapezoidal cavities with nanofluids for industrial deployment. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Natural convection

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