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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kamra, Lina Johnsen Lu, Bo Linder, Jacob Tanaka, Yukio Nagaosa, Naoto Center for Quantum Spintronics Department of Physics Norwegian University of Science and Technology TrondheimNO-7491 Norway Departamento de Física Téorica de la Materia Condensada Universidad Autónoma de Madrid MadridE-28049 Spain Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Center for Joint Quantum Studies Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology Department of Physics Tianjin University Tianjin300354 China Department of Applied Physics Nagoya University Nagoya464-8603 Japan Research Center for Crystalline Materials Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya464-8603 Japan Saitama Wako351-0198 Japan Fundamental Quantum Science Program TRIP Headquarters RIKEN Wako351-0198 Japan

The Majorana fermion offers fascinating possibilities such as non-Abelian statistics and non-local robust qubits, and hunting it is one of the most important topics in current condensed matter physics. Most of the efforts have been focused on the Majorana bound state at zero energy in terms of scanning tunneling spectroscopy searching for the quantized conductance. On the other hand, a chiral Majorana edge channel appears at the surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator when engineering an interface between proximityinduced superconductivity and ferromagnetism. Recent advances in microwave spectroscopy of topological edge states open a new avenue for observing signatures of such Majorana edge states through the local optical conductivity. As a guide to future experiments, we show how the local optical conductivity and density of states present distinct qualitative features depending on the symmetry of the superconductivity, that can be tuned via the magnetization and temperature. In particular, the presence of the Majorana edge state leads to a characteristic non-monotonic temperature dependence achieved by tuning the magnetization. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topological insulators

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Synthesis and Characterization of ZIF 67 Manganese Bimetal for Electrochemical Sensor Application 1

Synthesis and Characterization of ZIF 67 Manganese Bimetal f...

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1st Annual International Conference on Sensor Technology, INCOST 2023

作者： Muslihati, Atqiya Gumilar, Gilang Nugraha, Nugraha Wasisto, Hutomo Suryo Yuliarto, Brian Doctoral Program of Engineering Physics Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Ganesha 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Advanced Functional Material Research Group Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung41032 Indonesia PT Biostark Analitika Inovasi Bandung40375 Indonesia Bandung40132 Indonesia Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung41032 Indonesia PT Nanosense Instrument Indonesia Umbulharjo Yogyakarta55167 Indonesia BRIN and ITB Collaboration Research Center for Biosensor and Biodevices Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia

The field of sensor applications has witnessed substantial growth in diverse domains, including agriculture, food, oil, environment, and medicine. Among the varied methodologies employed, electrochemical methods stand out. The judicious selection of appropriate materials in this context significantly augments sensor efficiency. Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework 67 (ZIF 67), a highly porous material with an expansive surface area, offers facile synthesis, yet is impeded by limited conductivity. The introduction of additional metal derivatives has been reported to enhance its conductivity, with manganese, a transition metal, identified for its potential conductivity improvement and its influence on particle size. Thus, this paper aims to comprehensively explore the properties of manganese-modified ZIF 67, spanning structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties. Research findings indicate that manganese doping enhances crystallinity, as evident from X-ray diffraction analysis, while also impacting particle size (from x¯ 514.4 nm to 944 nm), as assessed through SEM measurements. Furthermore, electrochemical performance reveals heightened peak current during redox processes reaching ±64 μA, indicative of improved conductivity from the ZIF 67 (±13 μA) and the bare (±43 μA). In light of these outcomes, this material emerges as a promising candidate for electrochemical sensor development. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Electrochemical sensors

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Local and global measures of the shear moduli of jammed disk packings

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Shiyun Jin, Weiwei Wang, Dong Xu, Ding Zhang, Jerry Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Strain-controlled isotropic compression gives rise to jammed packings of repulsive, frictionless disks with either positive or negative global shear moduli. We carry out computational studies to understand the contributions of the negative shear moduli to the mechanical response of jammed disk packings. We first decompose the ensemble-averaged, global shear modulus as hGi = (1 − F−)hG+i + F−hG−i, where F− is the fraction of jammed packings with negative shear moduli and hG+i and hG−i are the average values from packings with positive and negative moduli, respectively. We show that hG+i and h|G−|i obey different power-law scaling relations above and below pN2 ∼ 1. For pN2 > 1, both hG+iN and h|G−|iN ∼ (pN2)β, where β ∼ 0.5 for repulsive linear spring interactions. Despite this, hGiN ∼ (pN2)β0 with β0 & 0.5 due to the contributions from packings with negative shear moduli. We show further that the probability distribution of global shear moduli P(G) collapses at fixed pN2 and different values of p and N. We calculate analytically that P(G) is a Gamma distribution in the pN2 1 limit. As pN2 increases, the skewness of P(G) decreases and P(G) becomes a skew-normal distribution with negative skewness in the pN2 1 limit. We also partition jammed disk packings into subsystems using Delanunay triangulation of the disk centers to calculate local shear moduli. We show that the local shear moduli defined from groups of adjacent triangles can be negative even when G > 0. The spatial correlation function of local shear moduli C(~r) displays weak correlations for pn2sub −2, where nsub is the number of particles within each subsystem. However, C(~r) begins to develop long-ranged spatial correlations with four-fold angular symmetry for pn2sub & 10−2 © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Elastic moduli

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Machine learning for improved current-density reconstruction from two-dimensional vector magnetic images

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Physical Review Applied 2025年第3期23卷 034035-034035页

作者： Niko R. Reed Danyal Bhutto Matthew J. Turner Declan M. Daly Sean M. Oliver Jiashen Tang Kevin S. Olsson Nicholas Langellier Mark J.H. Ku Department of Physics University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Quantum Technology Center University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Joint Quantum Institute University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital Charlestown Massachusetts USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA The MITRE Corporation McLean Virginia 22102 USA Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA Present address: VideaHealth Inc. Boston MA. Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware Newark Delaware 19716 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Delaware Newark Delaware 19716 USA Present address: Northrop Grumman Mission Systems Linthicum Maryland 21090 USA.

The reconstruction of electrical current densities from magnetic field measurements is an important technique with applications in materials science, circuit design, quality control, plasma physics, and biology. Analytic reconstruction methods exist for planar currents, but break down in the presence of high-spatial-frequency noise or large standoff distance, restricting the types of systems that can be studied. Here, we demonstrate the use of a deep convolutional neural network for current density reconstruction from two-dimensional images of vector magnetic fields acquired by a quantum diamond microscope . Trained network performance significantly exceeds analytic reconstruction for data with high noise or large standoff distances. This machine learning technique can perform quality inversions on lower-signal-to-noise-ratio data, significantly reducing the data collection time and permitting reconstructions of weaker and three-dimensional current sources.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Application of Geoelectrical Resisivity Method for Iron Sand Exploration in Ulakan Tapakis Padang Pariaman 4

Application of Geoelectrical Resisivity Method for Iron Sand...

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4th International Conference on Research and Learning of physics, ICRLP 2021

作者： Octova, Adree Anaperta, Yoszi Mingsi Febriandika, Helio Gina Martinus, Herry Nazki, Admizal Razi, Pakhrur Putra, Amali Department of Mining Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Padang Jl. Prof. Hamka Padang25131 Indonesia Department of Energy and Mineral Resources of West Sumatra Province Jl. Joni Anwar No.85 Kp. Lapai Nanggalo Padang25142 Indonesia Doctoral Program of Environmental Science Universitas Negeri Padang Jl. Prof Hamka Padang25131 Indonesia Center of Disaster Monitoring and Earth Observation Physics Department Universitas Negeri Padang Jl. Prof Hamka Padang25131 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Padang Jl. Prof Hamka No. 121 Padang25131 Indonesia

There is no doubt about the presence of iron sand around the west coast of West Sumatra. Several studies have been carried out, but in Ulakan Tapakis area is still under observation, and no investigation of its potential and distribution. One of the methods that can provide models and subsurface descriptions is using goelectrical resistivity method. The geoelectrical application in Ulakan Tapakis was used Wenner-Schlumberger array into 4 section. The section was designed perpendicular to the beach with a length of 47 meters for short lines and 470 meters for long line, the distance between sections was about 65 meters. The results obtained in the form of pseudosection types. Each section describes the distribution and lithology of rocks below the surface. The combination of all sections gives an overview of the iron sand model at Ulakan Tapakis. From the model obtained the results of geoelectrical measurements with the Wenner-Schlumberger array, the distribution of iron sand can be found along the coast of the study area at a depth of 0.7 m - 3 m in short line and 40 m in long line with resistivity values ranging from 52 - 289 ωm © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Lithology

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Emulating Complex Synapses Using Interlinked Proton Conductors

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Lifu Li, Ji-An Hu, Yang Jiang, Jie Lai, Rongjie Benna, Marcus K. Shi, Jian Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Neurosciences Graduate Program University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Mathematics Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Neurobiology School of Biological Sciences University of California at San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States

In terms of energy efficiency and computational speed, neuromorphic electronics based on non-volatile memory devices is expected to be one of most promising hardware candidates for future artificial intelligence (AI). However, catastrophic forgetting, networks rapidly overwriting previously learned weights when learning new tasks, remains as a pivotal hurdle in either digital or analog AI chips for unleashing the true power of brain-like computing. To address catastrophic forgetting in the context of online memory storage, a complex synapse model (the Benna-Fusi model) has been proposed recently[1], whose synaptic weight and internal variables evolve following a diffusion dynamics. In this work, by designing a proton transistor with a series of charge-diffusion-controlled storage components, we have experimentally realized the Benna-Fusi artificial complex synapse. The memory consolidation from coupled storage components is revealed by both numerical simulations and experimental observations. Different memory timescales for the complex synapse are engineered by the diffusion length of charge carriers, the capacity and number of coupled storage components. The advantage of the demonstrated complex synapse in both memory capacity and memory consolidation is revealed by neural network simulations of face familiarity detection. Our experimental realization of the complex synapse suggests a promising approach to enhance memory capacity and to enable continual learning. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational efficiency

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Integrable Fractional Modified Korteweg-de Vries, Sine-Gordon, and Sinh-Gordon Equations

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ablowitz, Mark J. Been, Joel B. Carr, Lincoln D. Department of Applied Mathematics University of Colorado BoulderCO United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Department of Physics Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States Quantum Engineering Program Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Department of Physics Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States

The inverse scattering transform allows explicit construction of solutions to many physically significant nonlinear wave equations. Notably, this method can be extended to fractional nonlinear evolution equations characterized by anomalous dispersion using completeness of suitable eigenfunctions of the associated linear scattering problem. In anomalous diffusion, the mean squared displacement is proportional to tα, α > 0, while in anomalous dispersion, the speed of localized waves is proportional to Aα, where A is the amplitude of the wave. Fractional extensions of the modified Korteweg-deVries (mKdV), sine-Gordon (sineG) and sinh-Gordon (sinhG) and associated hierarchies are obtained. Using symmetries present in the linear scattering problem, these equations can be connected with a scalar family of nonlinear evolution equations of which fractional mKdV (fmKdV), fractional sineG (fsineG), and fractional sinhG (fsinhG) are special cases. Completeness of solutions to the scalar problem is obtained and, from this, the nonlinear evolution equation is characterized in terms of a spectral expansion. In particular, fmKdV, fsineG, and fsinhG are explicitly written. One-soliton solutions are derived for fmKdV and fsineG using the inverse scattering transform and these solitons are shown to exhibit anomalous dispersion. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Dispersion (waves)

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Endotaxial Stabilization of 2D Charge Density Waves with Long-range Order

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sung, Suk Hyun Agarwal, Nishkarsh Baggari, Ismail El Goh, Yin Min Kezer, Patrick Schnitzer, Noah Liu, Yu Lu, Wenjian Sun, Yuping Kourkoutis, Lena F. Heron, John T. Sun, Kai Hovden, Robert Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Rowland Institute Harvard University CambridgeMA02142 United States John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei230031 China High Magnetic Field Laboratory Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei230031 China Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Kavli Institute Cornell for Nanoscale Science IthacaNY14853 United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Charge density waves are emergent quantum states that spontaneously reduce crystal symmetry, drive metal-insulator transitions, and precede superconductivity. In low-dimensions, distinct quantum states arise, however, thermal fluctuations and external disorder destroy long-range order. Here we stabilize ordered two-dimensional (2D) charge density waves through endotaxial synthesis of confined monolayers of 1T-TaS2. Specifically, an ordered incommensurate charge density wave (oIC-CDW) is realized in 2D with dramatically enhanced amplitude and resistivity. By enhancing CDW order, the hexatic nature of charge density waves becomes observable. Upon heating via in-situ TEM, the CDW continuously melts in a reversible hexatic process wherein topological defects form in the charge density wave. From these results, new regimes of the CDW phase diagram for 1T-TaS2 are derived and consistent with the predicted emergence of vestigial quantum order. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Charge density waves

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Adaptive Biosensing Platform Using Immune Cell-Based Nanovesicles for Food Allergen Detection

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Jeong, Jin-Young Kim, So-Ong Bang, Sunwoo Choi, Yoonji Shin, Junghyun Choi, Danmin Lee, Sang-Eun Park, Tai Hyun Hong, Seunghun Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Institute of Chemical Processes Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy Institute of Applied Physics Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Adaptive immune system of human body programs immunological memories and acts to protect human bodies from the invasion of hazardous pathogens. Inspired by an adaptive immune system, we have developed an adaptive bioelectronic sensing platform which is based on nanovesicles for signal amplification and can be easily adapted to new target molecules. In this work, nanovesicles with anti-immunoglobulin E (anti-IgE) receptors are extracted from immune cells. Then, the nanovesicles are immobilized on a carbon nanotube-based transistor device, and desired IgE antibodies are linked to the nanovesicles to build a highly sensitive and selective biosensor. Our sensor can detect a peanut allergen, arachis hypogaea 2 (Ara h 2), down to 0.1 fM and selectively discriminate target allergens in real food samples such as peanut and egg white. As a proof of concept, we have demonstrated the detection of different target molecules using the same nanovesicles linked with different antibodies. Interestingly, our sensor platform is utilized to quantitatively evaluate the effect of allergy drug such as cromolyn. In this regard, our strategy can be utilized for basic research and versatile applications in food and pharmacological industries. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antibodies

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Predicting aqueous stability of solid with computed Pourbaix diagram using SCAN functional

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 343-349页

作者： Zhenbin Wang Xingyu Guo Joseph Montoya Jens K.Nørskov CatTheory Department of PhysicsTechnical University of Denmark2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego9500 Gilman DrLa JollaCA 92093USA Toyota Research Institute Los AltosCA 94022USA

In this work,using the SCAN functional,we develop a simple method on top of the Materials Project(MP)Pourbaix diagram framework to accurately predict the aqueous stability of *** extensively evaluate the SCAN functional’s performance in computed formation enthalpies for a broad range of oxides and develop Hubbard U corrections for transition-metal oxides where the standard SCAN functional exhibits large *** performance of the calculated Pourbaix diagram using the SCAN functional is validated with comparison to the experimental and the MP PBE Pourbaix diagrams for representative *** indicate the SCAN Pourbaix diagram systematically outperforms the MP PBE in aqueous stability *** further show applications of this method in accurately predicting the dissolution potentials of the state-of-the-art catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction in acidic media.

关键词： diagram stability functional

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