A unique FLIM system was employed to quantitatively image extracellular oxygen distributions in perfused micro-bioreactors. We report effects of cell density on oxygen consumption and the first such measurement of oxy...
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We investigate the formation of ringlike deposits in drying drops of DNA. In analogy with the colloidal “coffee rings,” DNA is transported to the perimeter by the capillary flow. At the droplet edge, however, DNA fo...
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We investigate the formation of ringlike deposits in drying drops of DNA. In analogy with the colloidal “coffee rings,” DNA is transported to the perimeter by the capillary flow. At the droplet edge, however, DNA forms a lyotropic liquid crystal (LC) with concentric chain orientations to minimize the LC elastic energy. During the final stages of drying, the contact line retracts, and the radial stress causes undulations at the rim that propagate inward through the LC and form a periodic zigzag structure. We examine the phenomenon in terms of a simple model based on LC elasticity.
Tetrahedrally bonded amorphous carbon (ta-C) thin films were prepared by mass selected ion beam deposition (MSIBD) using 100 eV carbon ions at room temperature. Gadolinium, a magnetic rare earth element, was implanted...
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作者：
Coolahan, James E.Applied Physics Laboratory
National Security Analysis Department Johns Hopkins University 11100 Johns Hopkins Road Laurel MD United States Committee
United States
United States Forum
SISO United States Research
Development and Engineering Forum Program United States
In late 2005, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) selected a multi-University consortium led by the Johns Hopkins University (JHU) to form a University Center of Excellence (UCE) focused on the study of Pre...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781604239232
In late 2005, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) selected a multi-University consortium led by the Johns Hopkins University (JHU) to form a University Center of Excellence (UCE) focused on the study of Preparedness and Catastrophic Event Response (PACER). One of the initial three-year cross-cutting projects being performed under the PACER UCE is the construction of an initial integrated M&S framework focused on preparing for the response to catastrophic events. This project, started in the fall of 2006, is led by the Applied physics Laboratory of JHU (JHU/APL), and involves researchers from the University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), Florida Atlantic University (FAU), Florida A&M University (FAMU), and the Brookings Institution. After an initial effort to catalog the variety of models and simulations appropriate to this area of study, the project will establish two prototype federations based on the High Level Architecture (HLA) - an Urban Chemical Disaster federation to be constructed in 2007-08, and a Bioterrorism Crisis Management federation to be constructed in 2008- 09. Ultimately, the M&S framework is intended to provide a composable set of simulations that can be used as an aid to decision-makers in training/rehearsal for responses to catastrophic events. This paper will outline the plans for the integrated M&S framework project, focusing on the design of the initial Urban Chemical Disaster prototype federation, the definition of its initial scenario of interest, and the focus areas of the simulations to be employed in the federation, to include airborne chemical transport and traffic flow simulation.
The low temperature heat capacity of (Er1−xHox)In3 alloys have been measured from ∼3.5 to 350 K. The alloys are found to order antiferromagnetically between 4.45 K (ErIn3) and 8.0 K (HoIn3). The alloys, especially fo...
The low temperature heat capacity of (Er1−xHox)In3 alloys have been measured from ∼3.5 to 350 K. The alloys are found to order antiferromagnetically between 4.45 K (ErIn3) and 8.0 K (HoIn3). The alloys, especially for 0 ⩽ x < 0.7, have large volumetric heat capacities at the magnetic ordering temperature (as large as 1.5 J/cm3K), and thus may be useful regenerator materials for cooling down to 4 K. The concentration dependence of the lattice constant, the magnetic ordering temperature, and the maximum value of the heat capacity are anomalous between x = 0.25 and x = 0.75 and do not follow a linear dependence between the two end members ErIn3 and HoIn3.
Magnetization and magnetostriction measurements in pulsed magnetic fields reaching 600kOe reveal strong magnetoelastic effects in Er5Si4 at low temperature. A clear hysteretic behavior of the magnetization isotherms a...
Magnetization and magnetostriction measurements in pulsed magnetic fields reaching 600kOe reveal strong magnetoelastic effects in Er5Si4 at low temperature. A clear hysteretic behavior of the magnetization isotherms and sharp first-order-type anomalies of magnetostriction are observed. Neutron powder diffraction experiments carried out in steady magnetic fields ranging from 0to50kOe confirm that both the magnetization and magnetostriction anomalies are associated with a reversible magnetic-field-induced crystallographic transformation at low temperature. The low-temperature crystal structure of Er5Si4 is monoclinic in a zero field but the application of a strong magnetic field (H>80kOe at T=5K) induces an orthorhombic phase, which is known as the ground state of numerous other compounds in the extended 5:4 family of materials. The existence of a magnetic-field-induced crystallographic transformation without the change of the magnetic state of the material is an unusual property of magnetic solids, and to our knowledge this is the first time that such an anomaly is observed in the 5:4 intermetallic materials.
Extraordinary effects of the hydrostatic pressure on the crystallographic and magnetic properties of the Er5Si4 alloy have been examined by means of macroscopic (magnetization and linear thermal expansion) and microsc...
Extraordinary effects of the hydrostatic pressure on the crystallographic and magnetic properties of the Er5Si4 alloy have been examined by means of macroscopic (magnetization and linear thermal expansion) and microscopic (neutron powder diffraction) techniques. The high-temperature O(I)↔M crystallographic transformation (observed at Tt≅215K at atmospheric pressure) shifts to low temperatures at the unexpectedly high rate of dTt∕dP≅−30K∕kbar. In addition, the application of pressure induces an O(I) reentrance in the low-temperature ferromagnetic state of Er5Si4. The latter transformation (Tt2) is a reversible first-order-type structural phase transition shifting towards high temperature with pressure at a much lower rate of dTt2∕dP≅+6K∕kbar. This low-temperature O(I) crystal structure has a Curie temperature higher than that of the monoclinic polymorph, pointing out the importance of the interlayer covalentlike bonding to enhance the ferromagnetic interactions in these alloys. Above ∼6kbar, both structural transformations collapse, yielding a stable O(I) phase throughout the whole temperature range. In light of these experimental findings, a complete P−T magnetic-crystallographic phase diagram of Er5Si4 has been constructed.
Purpose: To quantify the mitigation of geometric uncertainties achieved with the application of various patient setup techniques during the delivery of hypofractionated prostate cancer treatments, using tumor control ...
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