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Many-body multipole index and bulk-boundary correspondence

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tada, Yasuhiro Oshikawa, Masaki Quantum Matter Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima Hiroshima739-8530 Japan Institute for Solid State Physics University of Tokyo Kashiwa277-8581 Japan

We propose new dipole and quadrupole indices for interacting insulators with point group symmetries. The proposed indices are defined in terms of many-body quantum multipole operators combined with the generator of the point group symmetry. Unlike the original multipole operators, these combined operators commute with Hamiltonian under the symmetry and therefore their eigenvalues are quantized. This enables a clear identification of nontrivial multipolar states. We calculate the multipole indices in representative models and show their effectiveness as order parameters. Furthermore, we demonstrate a bulk-boundary correspondence: a non-zero index implies the existence of edge/corner states under the the point group symmetry. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

Quantitative Imaging of 55CO and 18F-Labeled Tracers in a Single “Multiplexed” Pet Imaging Session

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Quantitative Imaging of 55CO and 18F-Labeled Tracers in a Si...

IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Sarah J. Zou Irene Lim Jackson W. Foster Garry Chinn Hailey A. Houson Suzanne E. Lapi Jianghong Rao Craig S. Levin Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University Department of Radiology and Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) Stanford University Chemistry and Biochemistry Department Bates College Department of Radiology University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Bioengineering Stanford University Department of Physics Stanford University

ISBN: (数字)9798331520526

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520533

In this study, we explore the use of Cobalt-55 as a radioisotope for multiplexed PET (mPET) by utilizing its emission of a prompt gamma-ray in cascade with a positron during decay. We leverage the prompt-gamma signal to generate triple coincidences for a Co-55-labeled tracer, allowing us to distinguish it from a tracer labeled with a pure positron emitter F-18, which yields a two photon coincidence. By employing this triple versus double coincidence detection and signal processing methodology, we show the potential to separate and quantify the Co-55 signal from that of F-18. Phantom studies showed strong linear correlation $(R^{2}=0.99)$ between Co-55 double and triple coincidence counts and total Co-55 activity. Finally, we highlight the capability of this method to quantify overlapping and non-overlapping hot spots within a warm background to within a 3 to 15% error range. Moreover, we demonstrate the feasibility of simultaneously imaging two tracers in vivo during a single PET session using mice.

关键词： Multiplexing Sensitivity Translation Positrons Biomarkers Recording Labeling Positron emission tomography Isotopes Cancer

Characterizing the mechanical response of metallic glasses to uniaxial tension using a spring network model

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Physical Review Materials 2023年第7期7卷 073605-073605页

作者： Aya Nawano Weiwei Jin Jan Schroers Mark D. Shattuck Corey S. O'Hern Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA

A coarse-grained spring network model is proposed for the prediction of the mechanical response of metallic glasses as a function of the microstructure prior to loading. This model describes the mechanical response of metallic glasses using a network of parallel springs that can break and reform, mimicking atomic rearrangements during deformation. We compare predictions of the spring network model for stress versus strain to results from numerical simulations of athermal quasistatic, uniaxial tensile deformation of Cu50Zr50 metallic glasses using Lennard-Jones (LJ) and embedded atom method (EAM) atomic interactions. We show that both the LJ and EAM models possess qualitatively similar stress σ versus strain γ curves. By specifying five parameters [ultimate strength, strain at ultimate strength, slopes of σ(γ) at γ=0 and at large strain, and strain at fracture where σ=0], we demonstrate that the spring network model can accurately describe the form of the stress-strain curves during uniaxial tension for the computational studies of Cu50Zr50, as well as recent experimental studies of several Zr-based metallic glasses.

关键词： Alloys Amorphous materials Glasses Packing & jamming problems Molecular dynamics

Protein folding as a jamming transition

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Grigas, Alex T. Liu, Zhuoyi Logan, Jack A. Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Proteins fold to a specific functional conformation with a densely packed hydrophobic core that controls their stability. We develop a geometric, yet all-atom model for proteins that explains the universal core packing fraction of φc = 0.55 found in experimental measurements. We show that as the hydrophobic interactions increase relative to the temperature, a novel jamming transition occurs when the core packing fraction exceeds φc. The model also recapitulates the global structure of proteins since it can accurately refold to native-like structures from partially unfolded states. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Proteins

Demonstration of a CAFQA-bootstrapped Variational Quantum Eigensolver on a trapped-ion quantum computer

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Qingfeng Zhukas, Liudmila Miao, Qiang Dalvi, Aniket S. Love, Peter J. Monroe, Christopher Chong, Frederic T. Ravi, Gokul Subramanian Duke Quantum Center Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Physics Duke University Durham United States Chemical Physics Program Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Duke Quantum Center Duke University Durham United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Tufts University Medford United States Department of Computer Science University of Chicago Chicago United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States

To enhance the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), the CAFQA method can utilize classical computational capabilities to identify a better initial state than the Hartree-Fock method. Previous research has demonstrated that the initial state provided by CAFQA recovers more correlation energy than that of the Hartree-Fock method and results in faster convergence. In the present study, we advance the investigation of CAFQA by demonstrating its advantages on a high-fidelity trapped-ion quantum computer located at the Duke Quantum Center—this is the first experimental demonstration of CAFQA-bootstrapped VQE on a TI device and on any academic quantum device. In our VQE experiment, we use LiH and BeH2 as test cases to show that CAFQA achieves faster convergence and obtains lower energy values within the specified computational budget limits. To ensure the seamless execution of VQE on this academic device, we develop a novel hardware-software interface framework that supports independent software environments for both the circuit and hardware end. This mechanism facilitates the automation of VQE-type job executions as well as mitigates the impact of random hardware interruptions. This framework is versatile and can be applied to a variety of academic quantum devices beyond the trapped-ion quantum computer platform, with support for integration with customized packages. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum computers

Floquet metamaterials

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eLight 2022年第1期2卷 99-111页

作者： Shixiong Yin Emanuele Galiffi Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research CenterThe City University of New York85 St.Nicholas TerraceNew York 10031USA Department of Electrical Engineering City CollegeThe City University of New York160 Convent AvenueNew York 10031USA Physics Program The Graduate CenterThe City University of New York365 Fifth AvenueNew York 10016USA

Recent progress in nanophotonics and material science has inspired a strong interest in optically-induced material dynamics,opening new research directions in the distinct fields of Floquet matter and time *** phenomena are historically rooted in the condensed matter community,as they exploit periodic temporal drives to unveil novel phases of matter,unavailable in systems at *** parallel,the field of metamaterials has been offering a platform for exotic wave phenomena based on tailored materials at the nanoscale,recently enhanced by incorporating time variations and switching as new degrees of *** this Perspective,we connect these research areas and describe the exciting opportunities emerging from their synergy,hinging on giant wave-matter interactions enabled by metamaterials and on the exotic wave dynamics enabled by Floquet and parametric *** envision Floquet metamaterials in which nontrivial modulation dynamics,and their interplay with tailored material dispersion and nontrivial material properties such as anisotropy,non-Hermiticity and nonreciprocity,introduce a plethora of novel opportunities for wave manipulation and control.

关键词： Floquet Metamaterials Time Switching

Multi Task Classification Using Deep Learning Approaches for Big Five Personality Traits Prediction: A Review

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Multi Task Classification Using Deep Learning Approaches for...

International Conference on Information Technology, Computer and Electrical engineering (ICITACEE)

作者： Salamun Rohman Nudin Rahmat Gernowo Maman Somantri Adi Wibowo Doctoral Program of Information System School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Informatics Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798350389302

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389319

This paper presents a comprehensive review of deep learning methods for the Big Five personality traits prediction using multi-task classification. The purpose of the review is to determine the performance of models developed in previous research to describe research opportunities and challenges in the future. The Big Five model is a framework in psychology that categorizes human personality into five dimensions: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The review begins by analyzing 22 articles from the Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus databases by applying screening using the Big Five Personality keywords. Then study the concepts of deep learning for model development such as: input, architecture, method, dataset, and performance to identify the strengths and limitations of each approach. The review results of the highest average accuracy by modality such as unimodal text with essay dataset (80.98 % ), unimodal image with ImageNet dataset (95.36%), unimodal audio with SSPNet dataset (79.48%), bimodal image and audio with Chalearn Video First Impression dataset (91.67 % ), multimodal text, image, and audio with Chalearn Video First Impression dataset (91.88%). The average accuracy of the Big Five Personality traits was highest (95.36 % ) and lowest (59 % ). This highlights the need for standard benchmarks, interpretable models and interdisciplinary collaboration to improve the accuracy, reliability and ethical implications of personality prediction. Future research is expected to pave the way for advancements in understanding human personality through deep learning approaches using other modalities such as EEG, GSR, and PPG.

关键词： Deep learning Accuracy Reviews Psychology Predictive models Brain modeling Multitasking Reliability Information technology Standards

B(s) → D((s∗))M decays in the presence of final-state interaction

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Panuluh, Albertus Hariwangsa Tanaka, Satoshi Umeeda, Hiroyuki Department of Physics Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Sanata Dharma University Paingan Maguwohardjo Yogyakarta55282 Indonesia Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Ibaraki prefecture Japan Center for Theoretical Physics College of Physics Jilin University Changchun130012 China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing100190 China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

In light of the recent data for B¯(s) → D((s∗))P and B¯(s) → D(s)V decays, we perform a model-independent phenomenological analysis in the presence of quasi-elastic rescattering. With the Wilson coefficients including contributions beyond the standard model, lifetimes of B meson as well as the Bd0 −B¯d0 mixing are investigated for clarifying correlations among the observables. We show that parameter regions for quasi-elastic rescattering, the size of color-suppressed tree amplitudes and new physics are constrained due to the lifetime data. As a consequence, it is revealed that this scenario can be testable by the future LHCb measurement of width difference in Bd0 − B¯d0 mixing and semi-leptonic CP asymmetry. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stresses

Development of an Optical Biosensor Based on Gold Nanoparticles

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Development of an Optical Biosensor Based on Gold Nanopartic...

IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology

作者： Amanda Anatasya Yong-Joon Choi Tsugumi Sakae Gilang Gumilar Ni Luh Wulan Septiani Go Kawamura Kazuaki Sawada Brian Yuliarto Faculty of Industrial Technology Master's Program in Engineering Physics Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology Aichi Japan Engineering Physics Department Advanced Functional Materials (AFM) Laboratory Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Research Center for Advanced Materials National Research and Innovation (BRIN) Komplek Puspiptek South Tangerang Indonesia

This paper describes an experimental study of SARS-CoV-2 detection using plasmonic gold nanoparticles, which overcomes the limitations of traditional detection techniques known for their time-consuming and a tendency to produce high false negative results. The transmission spectrum of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was recently estimated to be in filter-free wavelength sensors as a miniaturization detection system. Additionally, we demonstrate that wide-ranging absorption will manifest within the visible spectrum when the virus is partially coated with gold nanoparticles at a particular percentage of coverage. This extensive absorption can be harnessed to direct the advancement of a reliable and precise colorimetric plasmon sensor for the detection of COVID-19. The transmission value resulting from the gold nano seed is around 507–540 nm. In addition, plasmonic gold nanoparticles can detect SARS-CoV-2 well from the range of 100-1,000 ng/ml. We expect a miniaturization biosensor system with qualitative diagnosis to be realized by the development method.

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