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arXiv 2024年

作者： Upreti, Dinesh Basnet, Rabindra Sharma, M.M. Chhetri, Santosh Karki Acharya, Gokul Nabi, Md Rafique Un Sakon, Josh Mortazavi, Mansour Hu, Jin Department of Physics University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Department of Chemistry & Physics University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Pine BluffAR71603 United States MonArk NSF Quantum Foundry University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States

engineering magnetism in layered magnets could result in novel phenomena related to two-dimensional (2D) magnetism, which can be useful for fundamental research and practical applications. Extensive doping efforts such as substitution and intercalation have been adopted to tune antiferromagnetic (AFM) properties in M2P2X6 compounds. The substitutional doping in this material family has mainly focused on bimetallic substitution. Recently, the metal substitution can also be extended to more than two metal elements, leading to medium and high-entropy alloys (MEAs and HEAs), which are fairly underexplored in layered magnetic systems including M2P2X6. In this work, we explored the magnetic properties of the previously unreported Cu- and Cr-substituted Ni2P2S6 i.e., CuxNi2(1-x)CrxP2S6. Our study reveals a relatively systematic evolution of AFM phases with substitution than that observed in traditional bimetallic substitution in M2P2X6. Furthermore, the Cu and Cr substitutions in Ni2P2S6 are found to enhance the ferromagnetic (FM) correlation, which is also accompanied by a possible weak FM phase at low temperatures for the intermediate compositions 0.32≤x≤0.80. Our work provides a strategy to establish ferromagnetism in AFM M2P2X6 that can also be used for property tuning in other layered magnets. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Ferromagnetism

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Evolution of Magnetism in Magnetic Topological Semimetal NdSbxTe2-x+δ

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chhetri, Santosh Karki Basnet, Rabindra Wang, Jian Pandey, Krishna Acharya, Gokul Nabi, Md Rafique Un Upreti, Dinesh Sakon, Josh Mortazavi, Mansour Hu, Jin Department of Physics University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Department of Chemistry & Physics University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Pine BluffAR71603 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Wichita State University WichitaKS67260 United States Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States

Magnetic topological semimetals LnSbTe (Ln = Lanthanide) have attracted intensive attention because of the presence of interplay between magnetism, topological, and electron correlations depending on the choices of magnetic Ln elements. Recently, varying Sb-Te composition has been found to effectively control the electronic and magnetic states in LnSbxTe2-x. With this motivation, we report the evolution of magnetic properties with Sb-Te substitution in NdSbxTe2-x+δ, (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). Our work reveals the interesting non-monotonic change in magnetic ordering temperature with varying composition stoichiometry. In addition, reducing the Sb content x drives the reorientation of moments from in-plane (ab-plane) to out-of-plane (c-axis) direction that results in the distinct magnetic structures for two end compounds NdTe2 (x = 0) and NdSbTe (x = 1). Furthermore, the moment orientation in NdSbxTe2-x+δ is also found to be strongly tunable upon application of weak magnetic field, leading to rich magnetic phases depending on the composition stoichiometry, temperature, and magnetic field. Such strong tuning of magnetism in this material establishes it as a promising platform for investigating tunable topological states and correlated topological physics. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Tellurium compounds

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Flow and clogging of capillary droplets

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Cheng, Yuxuan Lonial, Benjamin F. Sista, Shivnag Meer, David J. Hofert, Anisa Weeks, Eric R. Shattuck, Mark D. O'Hern, Corey S. Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Physics Emory University AtlantaGA30322 United States Benjamin Levich Institute Physics Department The City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Capillary droplets form due to surface tension when two immiscible fluids are mixed. We describe the motion of gravity-driven capillary droplets flowing through narrow constrictions and obstacle arrays in both simulations and experiments. Our new capillary deformable particle model recapitulates the shape and velocity of single oil droplets in water as they pass through narrow constrictions in microfluidic chambers. Using this experimentally validated model, we simulate the flow and clogging of single capillary droplets in narrow channels and obstacle arrays and find several important results. First, the capillary droplet speed profile is nonmonotonic as the droplet exits the narrow orifice, and we can tune the droplet properties so that the speed overshoots the terminal speed far from the constriction. Second, in obstacle arrays, we find that extremely deformable droplets can wrap around obstacles, which leads to decreased average droplet speed in the continuous flow regime and increased probability for clogging in the regime where permanent clogs form. Third, the wrapping mechanism causes the clogging probability in obstacle arrays to become nonmonotonic with surface tension Γ. At large Γ, the droplets are nearly rigid and the clogging probability is large since the droplets can not squeeze through the gaps between obstacles. With decreasing Γ, the clogging probability decreases as the droplets become more deformable. However, in the small-Γ limit, the clogging probability increases since the droplets are extremely deformable and wrap around the obstacles. The results from these studies are important for developing a predictive understanding of capillary droplet flows through complex and confined geometries. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Drop formation

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TiO₂-CuO heterojunction nanoparticles synthesized by green chemistry supported on beach sand granules: Optical, morphological and structural characterization

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Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects 2023年 35卷

作者： Solano, Ricardo Maestre, David Mueses, Miguel Herrera, Adriana Engineering Doctorate Program Nanomaterials and Computer-Aided Process Engineering Research Group University of Cartagena Cartagena 130015 Colombia Faculty of Physics Department of Materials Physics Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain School of Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Modeling and Applications of Advanced Oxidation Technologies Research Group Photocatalysis & Solar Photoreactors Engineering University of Cartagena Cartagena 130015 Colombia School of Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Nanomaterials and Computer Aided Process Engineering Research Group University of Cartagena Cartagena 130015 Colombia

This research has studied the optical, morphological/textural and structural properties of pulverized TiO2-CuO heterostructures and their immobilization on chemically purified beach sand granules to evaluate the poten... 详细信息

This research has studied the optical, morphological/textural and structural properties of pulverized TiO₂-CuO heterostructures and their immobilization on chemically purified beach sand granules to evaluate the potential of these materials for wastewater treatment. The preparation of TiO₂-CuO heterojunctions was developed by the ultrasound-assisted wet impregnation method in the presence of PEG-400. For this methodology, the TiO₂ and CuO nanoparticles were first synthesized by green chemistry using Moringa (Moringa Oleifera) leaves aqueous extract and an ultrasound bath. Then, the metal oxide nanoparticles were calcinated and immobilized on etched sand granules via immersion in a coating suspension. All materials were characterized by UV–Vis DRS, photoluminescence (PL), SEM-EDS, HRTEM-SAED, BET area, Raman spectroscopy, XRD and XPS. Optical characterization revealed that the CuO incorporation favors light adsorption in the visible spectrum and reduces the band gap energy from 3.14 to 1.28 eV. Morphological studies showed that the pulverized materials are agglomerated with an affinity for the high porosity regions of the beach sand granules. Also, TiO₂-CuO heterojunctions exhibited a broader size distribution (15.81 ± 7.45 nm) than pure TiO₂ nanoparticles (10.38 ± 1.24 nm). The structural analysis confirmed that the pure TiO₂ and CuO nanoparticles are formed exclusively in the anatase and tenorite phases. At the same time, the heterostructures’ process preparation favors the partial transition from CuO to Cu₂O. Finally, the purified sand support is mainly based on α-Quartz (trigonal);the as-prepared material is a potentially versatile and reusable candidate for pollutant photodegradation under UV or visible light sources. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Green chemistry Inorganic substrate Nanocomposite TiO2-cuO Type-II heterojunction

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Efficient Removal of Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, and Tetracycline from Aqueous Solution Utilizing Cu-Doped Bi2O3 Material

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sa’adah, Fatkhiyatus Sutanto, Heri Hadiyanto, H. Alkian, Ilham Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Diponegoro University Semarang50275 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University Semarang50275 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang50275 Indonesia Diponegoro University Semarang50275 Indonesia

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Cu-doped Bi2O3 method for removing antibiotics. Cu at varying concentrations of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% was used to synthesize Bi2O3 material successfully. The optimal results were obtained by adding 4% Cu to the Bi2O3 matrix. Cu-doped Bi2O3 was characterized by an energy band gap of 2.32 eV, a crystal size of 37.04 nm, and α-Bi2O3 and Rouaite phases. Material containing Cu-doped Bi2O3 was used to degrade antibiotics such as amoxicillin (AMX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and tetracycline (TC). The various removal techniques investigated include adsorption, photolysis, and photocatalysis. The photocatalytic procedure yielded the highest results in terms of degradation efficiency. The removal efficiency of each antibiotic using the photocatalytic method varies, with AMX at 52.06%, CIP at 61.72%, and TC at 69.44%. Cu-doped Bi2O3 degraded TC-type antibiotics more rapidly, with a reaction rate constant of 0.0065 minutes-1, according to the results of the reaction rate constants. The high removal efficiency and rapid reaction rate indicate that Cu-doped Bi2O3 is an effective antibiotic removal agent, especially for tetracycline-type antibiotics. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antibiotics

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Cr is not an acceptor in β−Ga2O3

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Physical Review Materials 2025年第5期9卷 054606-054606页

作者： Cassandra Remple Benjamin L. Dutton Joel B. Varley John S. McCloy Matthew D. McCluskey Materials Science & Engineering Program Washington State University Pullman Washington 99164-2711 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Washington State University Pullman Washington 99164-2814 USA Institute of Materials Research Washington State University Pullman Washington 99164-2711 USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California 94551-0808 USA

The intensity of red Cr3+ photoluminescence (PL) in monoclinic gallium oxide (β−Ga2O3) is suppressed by n-type conductivity, an effect that has been attributed to a Cr deep acceptor level in the bandgap. In n-type material, such an acceptor level would be occupied, resulting in the Cr2+ oxidation state and the absence of Cr3+ PL. To test this model, n-type β−Ga2O3 crystals co-doped with Cr and Zr (a donor) were grown from the melt. The samples show Cr3+ optical absorption bands and a high free-electron concentration of 4×1018cm−3. If Cr were an acceptor, then it would be fully compensated and therefore would not exhibit the Cr3+ optical signature. Hybrid functional calculations indicate that Cr occupies the substitutional octahedral Ga(II) site and that the Cr2+ state is energetically unfavorable, i.e., Cr is not an acceptor. Weak Cr3+ PL was observed in the Cr/Zr co-doped samples. The quenching of PL may be caused by a transfer of energy to free electrons, a nonradiative process that would reduce the emission intensity.

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A-STEP for AstroPix: Development and Test of a space-based payload using novel pixelated silicon for gamma-ray measurement 38

A-STEP for AstroPix: Development and Test of a space-based p...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Steinhebel, Amanda L. Striebig, Nicolas Jadhav, Manoj Violette, Daniel Durachka, David Boggs, Ryan Seo, Lindsey Hesh, Scott Suda, Yusuke Shin, Taylor K.-W. Metzler, Zachary Kierans, Carolyn Caputo, Regina Tajima, Hiroyasu Fukazawa, Yasushi Leys, Richard Peric, Ivan Metcalfe, Jessica Perkins, Jeremy S. NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow United States NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology NASA GSFC GreenbeltMD United States University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL United States Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Institute for Space-Environment Research Nagoya University Aichi Nagoya Japan NASA Wallops Flight Facility Wallops IslandVA United States University of Califormia Santa Cruz Santa CruzCA United States

Next-generation medium-energy gamma-ray instruments sensitive from 25 keV to 1 GeV must be able to measure and reconstruct incident photons in the photoabsorption, Compton, and pair-production regimes. Such robust functionality requires a tracker with high resolution, low noise, and low power. The monolithic CMOS active pixel silicon sensor AstroPix is a novel mission-enabling technology. AstroPix will provide the energy- and angular-resolution required of a medium-energy gamma-ray telescope while reducing noise with the dual detection-and-readout capabilities of an HVCMOS chip. Plans for A-STEP, a funded Astropix Sounding rocket Technology dEmonstration Payload, will be presented. This roughly 2U-sized payload will include three layers of AstroPix quad-chips for cosmic ray and gamma ray detection and tracking. This technology demonstration mission also strengthens the design readiness of AMEGO-X, an MIDEX-sized MeV telescope mission concept. Additional supplementary development and testing of the AstroPix project will also be considered, including A-STEP simulation efforts for environment and detector response modeling. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Cosmology

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Nernst-Ettingshausen effect in thin Pt and W films at low temperatures

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Luo, Renjie Legvold, Tanner J. Chen, Liyang Natelson, Douglas Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

As spin caloritronic measurements become increasingly common techniques for characterizing material properties, it is important to quantify potentially confounding effects. We report measurements of the Nernst-Ettingshausen response from room temperature to 5 K in thin film wires of Pt and W, metals commonly used as inverse spin Hall detectors in spin Seebeck characterization. Johnson-Nyquist noise thermometry is used to assess the temperature change of the metals with heater power at low temperatures, and the thermal path is analyzed via finite-element modeling. The Nernst-Ettingshausen response of W is found to be approximately temperature-independent, while the response of Pt increases at low temperatures. These results are discussed in the context of theoretical expectations and the possible role of magnetic impurities in Pt. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Observation of mechanical kink control and generation via phonons

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Qian, Kai Cheng, Nan Serafin, Francesco Sun, Kai Theocharis, Georgios Mao, Xiaoming Boechler, Nicholas Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Physics and Materials Science University of Luxembourg 2 Avenue de l’Universite L Esch-sur-Alzette4365 Luxembourg CNRS Le Mans Université France Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States

Kinks (or domain walls) are localized transitions between distinct ground states associated with a topological invariant, and are central to many phenomena across physics, from condensed matter to cosmology. While phonon (i.e., small-amplitude vibration) wave packets have been theorized to deterministically interact with kinks and initiate their movement, this interaction has remained elusive in experiments, where only uncontrollable stochastic kink motion generated by thermal phonons or dislocation glide by low-frequency quasi-static loading have been observed. This is partly because all physical systems that support kinks are, at some level, discrete, making deterministic phonon control of kinks extremely challenging due to the existence of Peierls-Nabarro (PN) barrier. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, experimental observation of phonon-mediated control and generation of mechanical kinks, which we enable using a topological metamaterial that constitutes an elastic realization of the Kane-Lubensky chain model. Our metamaterial overcomes the PN barrier by supporting a single, topologically protected kink that requires zero energy to form and move. Using simulations that show close agreement with our experimental observations, we also reveal unique dynamics of phonon interplay with highly discrete kinks, including long-duration motion and a continuous family of internal modes, features absent in other discrete nonlinear systems. This work introduces a new paradigm for topological kink control, with potential applications in material stiffness tuning, shape morphing, locomotion, and robust signal transmission. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Electrodermal Activity-Based Stress Measurement Using Continuous Deconvolution Analysis Method 1

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1st International Conference on Electronics, Biomedical engineering, and Health Informatics, ICEBEHI 2020

作者： Putri, Yang Sa’ada Kamila Ariyansah Rahma, Osmalina Nur Fajriaty, Nuzula Dwi Putra, Alfian Pramudita Rahmatillah, Akif Ain, Khusnul Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Biomedical Signals and Systems Research Group Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9789813369269

ISBN: (纸本)9789813369252

Stress is a psychological response that must be handled properly, or it can affect psychology and trigger other complicated diseases. Nowadays, stress measured by filling out stress-related forms or interviews with a psychologist. This method still requires a willingness from the patient to consult their condition, which is often not giving the best result due to late treatment. Therefore, we need a system to monitor a person’s stress level conditions independently so they could be threatened quickly if their state gets worsen. One of the non-invasive methods that can be used to measure stress is an Electrodermal Activity (EDA) sensor. EDA is known to be associated with sweat gland activity regulated by SudoMotor Nerve Activity (SMNA), which response to a stressor. However, the SMNA need to decompose into the Skin Conductance Response (SCR) before it could represent stress condition. Hence, the decomposition stage is essential in measuring the quality of the stress condition. In this study, the EDA sensor placed in the palm to obtain the skin conductivity signal. Then, the skin conductivity signals were deconvolved using the Continuous Deconvolution Analysis (CDA) method to capture the SCR. CDA was chosen because it could produce a zero-based line SCR driver and could separate two overlapping peaks in SCR. The result, CDA is adequate to extract SCR, which is shown by the zero baseline of the SCR driver line with a clear peak. The clear SCR peaks are essential for identifying the responses related to the stimulus (stressor). © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Noninvasive medical procedures

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