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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zheng, Yitong Wang, Dong Beeghly, Garrett Fischbach, Claudia Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Benjamin Levich Institute Physics Department City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Breast cancer invasion into adipose tissue strongly influences disease progression and metastasis. The degree of cancer cell invasion into adipose tissue depends on numerous biochemical and physical properties of cancer cells, adipocytes, and other key components of adipose tissue. We model breast cancer invasion into adipose tissue as a physical process by carrying out simulations of active, cohesive spherical particles (cancer cells) invading into confluent packings of deformable polyhedra (adipocytes). We quantify the degree of invasion by calculating the interfacial area At between cancer cells and adipocytes. We determine the long-time value of At versus the activity and strength of the cohesion between cancer cells, as well as mechanical properties of the adipocytes and extracellular matrix (ECM) in which the adipocytes are embedded. We show that the degree of invasion collapses onto a master curve by plotting it versus a dimensionless energy scale Ec, which grows linearly with mean-square fluctuations and persistence time of the cancer cell velocities, is inversely proportional to the pressure of the system, and has an offset that increases with the cancer cell cohesive energy. The condition, Ec 1, indicates that cancer cells will invade the adipose tissue, whereas for Ec 1, the cancer cells and adipocytes remain demixed. We also show that constraints on adipocyte positions by the ECM decrease At relative to that obtained for unconstrained adipocytes. Finally, spatial heterogeneity in structural and mechanical properties of the adipocytes in the presence of ECM impedes invasion relative to adipose tissue with uniform properties. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cancer cells

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Mechanical Plasticity of Cell Membranes Enhances Epithelial Wound Closure

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ton, Andrew T. MacKeith, Arthur K. Shattuck, Mark D. O'Hern, Corey S. Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

During epithelial wound healing, cell morphology near the healed wound and the healing rate vary strongly among different developmental stages even for a single species like Drosophila. We develop deformable particle (DP) model simulations to understand how variations in cell mechanics give rise to distinct wound closure phenotypes in the Drosophila embryonic ectoderm and larval wing disc epithelium. We find that plastic deformation of the cell membrane can generate large changes in cell shape consistent with wound closure in the embryonic ectoderm. Our results show that the embryonic ectoderm is best described by cell membranes with an elasto-plastic response, whereas the larval wing disc is best described by cell membranes with an exclusively elastic response. By varying the mechanical response of cell membranes in DP simulations, we recapitulate the wound closure behavior of both the embryonic ectoderm and the larval wing disc. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cytology

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Designing the pressure-dependent shear modulus using tessellated granular metamaterials

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Jerry Wang, Dong Jin, Weiwei Xia, Annie Pashine, Nidhi Kramer-Bottiglio, Rebecca Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Jammed packings of granular materials display complex mechanical response. For example, the ensemble-averaged shear modulus 〈G〉 increases as a power-law in pressure p for static packings of soft spherical particles that can rearrange during compression. We seek to design granular materials with shear moduli that can either increase or decrease with pressure without particle rearrangements even in the large-system limit. To do this, we construct tessellated granular metamaterials by joining multiple particle-filled cells together. We focus on cells that contain a small number of bidisperse disks in two dimensions. We first study the mechanical properties of individual disk-filled cells with three types of boundaries: periodic boundary conditions (PBC), fixed-length walls (FXW), and flexible walls (FLW). Hypostatic jammed packings are found for cells with FLW, but not in cells with PBC and FXW, and they are stabilized by quartic modes of the dynamical matrix. The shear modulus of a single cell depends linearly on p. We find that the slope of the shear modulus with pressure, λc c > 0, as well as λc © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Elastic moduli

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Efficient First-Principles Framework for Overdamped Phonon Dynamics and Anharmonic Electron-Phonon Coupling in Superionic Materials

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Yuxuan Zacharias, Marios Zhang, Xiao Pant, Nick Even, Jacky Poudeu, Pierre F.P. Kioupakis, Emmanouil Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Univ Rennes INSA Rennes CNRS Institut FOTON - UMR 6082 RennesF-35000 France Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

Relying on the anharmonic special displacement method, we introduce an ab initio quasistatic polymorphous framework to describe local disorder, anharmonicity, and electron-phonon coupling in superionic conductors. Using the example of cubic Cu2Se, we show that positional polymorphism yields extremely overdamped anharmonic vibrations while preserving transverse acoustic phonons, consistent with experiments. We also demonstrate well-defined electronic band structures with large band gap openings due to polymorphism of 1.0 eV and calculate anharmonic electron-phonon renormalization, yielding band gap narrowing with increasing temperature in agreement with previous measurements. Our approach opens the way for efficient ab initio electronic structure calculations in superionic crystals to elucidate their compelling high figure-of-merit. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Energy gap

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Properties of activated carbon from arabica coffee grounds originating from Papua highlands

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2694卷

作者： Octolia Togibasa Khaeriah Dahlan Martina Bunga Yane Ansanay Mumfaijah Fince Imbiri Department of Physics Physics Study Program Universitas Cenderawasih Jayapura 99358 Indonesia Department of Physics Geophysical Engineering Study Program Universitas Cenderawasih Jayapura 99358 Indonesia

Activated carbon is a carbon material with an amorphous structure and a large surface area within a range of 300-2000 m2/gram, and is commonly used as an adsorbent. In this study, we have successfully synthesized activated carbon using Arabica coffee grounds from Tangma Yahukimo, Papua highlands. The coffee ground waste carbon was activated using both ZnCl2 acid and KOH base chemical activating agents. The fabrication process was carried out as follows: dehydration, carbonization, and chemical activation using ZnCl2 and KOH with various concentrations of 20, 30, and 40%. The activated carbon was characterized using an x-ray diffractometer, a scanning electron microscopy and a Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy in order to analyze its crystalline structure, morphology and functional groups of the activated carbon. The x-ray diffraction pattern indicated that there was a formation of amorphous structure, although some additional peaks originated from ZnCl2 and KOH residue were still found. The morphology images showed typical mesoporosity with pore size of approximately 10 µm. The Fourier-transformed infrared spectra revealed unique surface groups suggesting that the activated carbon from Arabica coffee grounds originating from Papua highlands may have the potential to be used as an adsorbent for volatile matters. These results may provide recommendations for further development of activated carbon from Arabica coffee grounds precursor.

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Preliminary study of development of students worksheet using creative problem based learning model in physics learning on senior high school 2

Preliminary study of development of students worksheet using...

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2nd International Conference on Research and Learning of physics, ICRLP 2019

作者： Prima, Novelia Usmeldi Study Program of Physics Education Universitas Negeri Padang Indonesia Electrical Engineering Department Universitas Negeri Padang Indonesia

The ability of students to think creatively in finding solutions to a problem is important in learning physics. However, teaching materials that used in school have not integrated learning model that can enhance students' creative thinking abilities. The solution to improve students' creative thinking skills is to develop worksheet using the Creative Problem-based Learning (CPBL) model in physics learning on Senior High School. To develop the worksheet, a preliminary study was conducted. This study used a descriptive method with the subjects of physics teacher in Senior High School at Padang. The instruments used are in the questionnaires and interview guidelines. Analyzing of the data is using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the performance analysis and the level of difficulty in learning were in the less category, and the student's creative thinking abilities in physics learning were in the very less category. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Higher-Order Photonic Topological States in Split-Ring Resonators-Based Kagome Lattice

Higher-Order Photonic Topological States in Split-Ring Reson...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： D. Zhirihin D. Bobylev D. Tihonenko A. Vakulenko D. Smirnova A. Khanikaev M. Gorlach School of Physics and Engineering ITMO University Saint Petersburg Russia Grove School of Engineering City College of the City University of New York New York NY USA Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY USA Nonlinear Physics Centre Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Science Nizhny Novgorod Russia

We demonstrate experimentally the emergence of higher-order topological states induced by bianisotropy in a photonic metasurface formed by split-ring resonators (SRR) arranged into a kagome lattice.

ISBN: (数字)9781957171050

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466660

We demonstrate experimentally the emergence of higher-order topological states induced by bianisotropy in a photonic metasurface formed by split-ring resonators (SRR) arranged into a kagome lattice.

关键词： Lattices Metasurfaces Topology Resonators Electrooptical waveguides Photonics

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Statistical Mechanics of Thermostatically Controlled Multi-Zone Buildings

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Valenzuela, Lucas Fuentes Williams, Lindell Chertkov, Michael Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University United States Department of Physics Cornell University United States Program in Applied Mathematics & Department of Mathematics University of Arizona United States

We study the collective phenomena and constraints associated with the aggregation of individual cooling units from a statistical mechanics perspective. These units are modelled as Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) and represent zones in a large commercial or residential building. Their energy input is centralized and controlled by a collective unit – the Air Handling Unit (AHU) — delivering cool air to all TCLs, thereby coupling them together. Aiming to identify representative qualitative features of the AHU-to-TCL coupling, we build a realistic but also sufficiently simple model and analyze it in two distinct regimes: the Constant Supply Temperature (CST) and the Constant Power Input (CPI) regimes. In both cases, we center our analysis on the relaxation dynamics of individual TCL temperatures to a statistically steady state. We observe that while the dynamics are relatively fast in the CST regime, resulting in all TCLs evolving around the control setpoint, the CPI regime reveals emergence of a bi-modal probability distribution and two, possibly strongly separated, time scales. We observe that the two modes in the CPI regime are associated with all TCLs being in the same low and high-temperature states, respectively, with occasional (and therefore possibly rare) collective transition between the modes akin in the Kramer’s phenomenon of statistical physics. To the best of our knowledge, this phenomenon was overlooked in the context of the multi-zone energy building engineering, even thought it has direct implications on the operations of centralized cooling systems in buildings. It teaches us that a balance needs to be struck between occupational comfort — related to variations in the individual temperatures — and power output predictability — the main focus of the DR schemes. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Statistical mechanics

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Development of label-free triboelectric nanosensors as screening platforms for anti-tumor drugs

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Nano Energy 2024年 125卷

作者： Cheng, Yu-Ying Ganguly, Anindita Cheng, Yi-Yun Ortiz, Christopher Llynard D. Pal, Arnab Shah, Pramod Kaswan, Kuldeep Yang, Lee-Wei Lin, Zong-Hong Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Internet of Senses Research Center National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Praexisio Taiwan Inc. New Taipei221425 Taiwan Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan International Intercollegiate PhD Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Department of Power Mechanical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Biomedical Artificial Intelligence PhD Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei Taiwan

This study introduces a general label-free drug screening platform with potential to support high-throughput drug screening for any protein target. Its innovation lies in quantifying the affinity of molecule-molecule interactions via voltage output variation, which achieves unprecedented selectivity and sensitivity. It combines computational analysis complemented by experimental substantiation with a solid-liquid triboelectric nanosensor. Owing to its high binding affinity, FKBP-rapamycin is used as a model system to demonstrate the platform's sensitivity. Subsequently, the research is extended to study drug interactions with an oncogenic protein ATG4B. The findings unveil the binding of S130 and Tioconazole to ATG4B, a critical cysteine protease involved in autophagy, while revealing that Dexamethasone does not bind ATG4B. This binding exerts a specific inhibitory effect on autophagic flux and triggers cancer cell apoptosis. The results support the previously verified inhibitory effects of these drugs and the effectiveness of a newly developed self-powered drug screening platform, leveraging the principles of solid-liquid contact electrification. This approach adeptly confronts enduring challenges in traditional drug development methods where biochemical assays need to be designed for each individual protein target or only time-consuming and concentration-demanding molecular interaction measurements were made available. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Nanosensors

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Multifunctional flexible optical waveguide sensor: on the bioinspiration for ultrasensitive sensors development

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第10期5卷 1-11页

作者： Arnaldo Leal-Junior Leticia Avellar Vitorino Biazi M.Simone Soares Anselmo Frizera Carlos Marques Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo(UFES)Fernando Ferrari AvenueVitória 29075-910Brazil Mechanical Engineering Department Federal University of Espírito Santo(UFES)Fernando Ferrari AvenueVitória 29075-910Brazil I3N&Physics Department University of AveiroAveiro 3810-193Portugal

This paper presents the development of a bioinspired multifunctional flexible optical sensor(BioMFOS)as an ultrasensitive tool for force(intensity and location)and orientation *** sensor structure is bioinspired in orb webs,which are multifunctional devices for prey capturing and vibration *** multifunctional feature of the structure is achieved by using transparent resins that present both mechanical and optical properties for structural integrity and strain/deflection transmission as well as the optical signal transmission properties with core/cladding configuration of a *** this case,photocurable and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)resins are used for the core and cladding,*** optical transmission,tensile tests,and dynamic mechanical analysis are performed in the resins and show the possibility of light transmission at the visible wavelength range in conjunction with high flexibility and a dynamic range up to 150 Hz,suitable for wearable *** BioMFOS has small dimensions(around 2 cm)and lightweight(0.8 g),making it suitable for wearable application and clothing *** tests are performed in the structure by means of applying forces at different locations of the *** results show an ultra-high sensitivity and resolution,where forces in theμN range can be detected and the location of the applied force can also be detected with a sub-millimeter spatial ***,the BioMFOS is tested on the orientation detection in 3D plane,where a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9 is obtained when compared with a gold-standard inertial measurement unit(IMU).Furthermore,the device also shows its capabilities on the movement analysis and classification in two protocols:finger position detection(with the BioMFOS positioned on the top of the hand)and trunk orientation assessment(with the sensor integrated on the clothing).In both cases,the sensor is able of classifying the movement,especially wh

关键词： optical sensors optical waveguides bioinspired design multifunctional structures wearable sensors

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