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Modulation of ionic conduction using polarizable surfaces

Physical Review Research 2023年第4期5卷 043174-043174页

作者： A. P. dos Santos F. Jiménez-Ángeles A. Ehlen M. Olvera de la Cruz Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Caixa Postal 15051 CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Applied Physics Program Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

Hybrid ionic-electronic conductors have the potential to generate memory effects and neuronal behavior. The functionality of these mixed materials depends on ion motion through thin polarizable channels. Here, we explore different polarization models to show that the current and conductivity of electrolytes is higher when confined by conductors than by dielectrics. We find nonlinear currents in both dielectrics and conductors, and we recover the known linear (Ohmic) result only in the two-dimensional limit between conductors. We show that the polarization charge location impacts electrolyte structure and transport properties. This work suggests a mechanism to induce memristor hysteresis loops using conductor-dielectric switchable materials.

关键词： Electric polarization Electrical conductivity Resistive switching

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Vacuum Ultraviolet Light-Generating Metalens

Vacuum Ultraviolet Light-Generating Metalens

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2022 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim, CLEO-PR 2022

作者： Tseng, Ming Lun Semmlinger, Michael Zhang, Ming Arndt, Catherine Huang, Tzu-Ting Yang, Jian Kuo, Hsin Yu Su, Vin-Cent Chen, Mu Ku Chu, Cheng Hung Cerjan, Benjamin Tsai, Din Ping Nordlander, Peter Halas, Naomi J. Institute of Electronics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Laboratory for Nanophotonics Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National United University Miaoli36003 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Department of Chemistry Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light is of great importance to many applications such as photochemistry and nanolithography. In this talk, a nonlinear metalens composed of ZnO nanoantennas for VUV generation and focusing wi...

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350012

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Vacuum Ultraviolet Light-Generating Metalens

Vacuum Ultraviolet Light-Generating Metalens

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2022 International Conference on Optics-Photonics Design and Fabrication, ODF 2022

关键词： Nanoclay

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Magnetochiral Tunneling in Paramagnetic Co1/3NbS2

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lim, Seongjoon Singh, Sobhit Huang, Fei-Ting Pan, Shangke Wang, Kefeng Kim, Jaewook Kim, Jinwoong Vanderbilt, David Cheong, Sang-Wook Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials Department of Physics and Astronomy PiscatawayNJ08854 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Materials Science Program University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Function Materials and Preparation Science School of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Zhejiang Ningbo315211 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers University PiscatawayNJ08854 United States

Electric currents have the intriguing ability to induce magnetization in nonmagnetic crystals with sufficiently low crystallographic symmetry. Some associated phenomena include the non-linear anomalous Hall effect in polar crystals and the nonreciprocal directional dichroism in chiral crystals when magnetic fields are applied. In this work, we demonstrate that the same underlying physics is also manifested in the electronic tunneling process between the surface of a nonmagnetic chiral material and a magnetized scanning probe. In the paramagnetic but chiral metallic compound Co1/3NbS2, the magnetization induced by the tunneling current is shown to become detectable by its coupling to the magnetization of the tip itself. This results in a contrast across different chiral domains, achieving atomic-scale spatial resolution of structural chirality. To support the proposed mechanism, we used first-principles theory to compute the chirality-dependent current-induced magnetization and Berry curvature in the bulk of the material. Our demonstration of this magnetochiral tunneling effect opens up a new avenue for investigating atomic-scale variations in the local crystallographic symmetry and electronic structure across the structural domain boundaries of low-symmetry nonmagnetic crystals. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetization

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Carrier confinement and alloy disorder exacerbate Auger-Meitner recombination in AlGaN ultraviolet light-emitting diodes

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Pant, Nick Bushick, Kyle McAllister, Andrew Lee, Woncheol Van de Walle, Chris G. Kioupakis, Emmanouil Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Materials Department University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States

The quantum efficiency of AlGaN ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) declines (droops) at increasing operating powers due to Auger-Meitner recombination (AMR). Using first-principles density-functional theory, we show that indirect AMR mediated by electron-phonon coupling and alloy disorder can induce bulk C coefficients as large as ∼10-31 cm6/s. Furthermore, we find that the confinement of carriers by polarization fields within quantum wells severely relaxes crystal-momentum conservation, which exacerbates the rate of AMR over radiative recombination by an order of magnitude relative to the bulk. This results in a striking decrease in quantum efficiency at high power. Suppressing polarization fields and jointly increasing the well width would greatly mitigate AMR and efficiency droop. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aluminum gallium nitride

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Very Simple Method to Produce Superhydrophobic Stainless Steel Surfaces at Room Temperature

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wysard, Mauro Meliga Campos, Rodrigo Bezerra Vasconcelos de Souza, Eduardo Alencar da Costa, Marcelo Eduardo Huguenin Maia de Souza Camargo, Sérgio Alvaro Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Program COPPE Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Physics Department Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro PUC-Rio Rio de Janeiro Brazil Nanotechnology Engineering Program COPPE Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro UFRJ P.O Box 68505 Rio de Janeiro Brazil

In this work, super-hydrophobic and self-cleaning AISI 347 stainless steel surfaces were obtained by a fast and simple room-temperature process comprising mild HCl, H2O2 and FeCl3 etching solutions followed by PECVD deposition of a fluorocarbon film using 1,1,1,2-tetrafluorethane (C2H2F4) as a precursor. The chemical etching process produces a hierarchical surface topography of micro-cavities separated by walls covered by nano-particles that resulted in interfacial contact liquid/solid area ratio as low as only 3.6%. This structure results from the continuous nucleation of iron oxide nanoparticles provided by the high supply of iron ions from the solution and the low temperature of the process that disfavors the growth of the nanoparticles. Low surface energy (25.4 mJ/m2) fluorocarbon coatings were obtained by tuning the rf power supplied to the plasma to achieve a balance between etching/ion bombardment and deposition processes and resulted in a dense and interconnected, yet highly fluorinated material. Contact angle measurements showed that the hydrophobicity of the films is directly associated with their chemical properties. Their good mechanical properties (maximum hardness 1.1 GPa and elastic modulus 9.7 GPa) are similar to sputtered PTFE films. The developed process results in superhydrophobic and self-cleaning surfaces with contact angles of up to 1640 and sliding angles of 30. Preliminary anodic polarization and CaCO3 fouling tests pointed out these surfaces as promising candidates for anti-fouling applications. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Temperature

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Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy for Knee Osteoarthritis Using a Deep Learning Approach

Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy for Knee Osteoarthritis Using ...

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International Symposium on Applied Science 2024, ISAS 2024

作者： Raza, Aquib Ching, Congo Tak Shing Liu, Peng-Ta Phan, Thien-Luan Tran, Ngoc-Luan Nguyen, Ha Anh T. Rameez, Mohammad Li, Hung-Chung Linh, Dao Nguyen Phuong Van Hieu, Nguyen Tran, Trung Nghia National Taiwan University Taipei City10673 Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Academia Sinica Taipei City11529 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou County Taiwan Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan International Doctoral Program in Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Fall Prevention Center Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua500 Taiwan Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering University of Science Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City70000 Viet Nam Department of Computer Science University of York York HeslingtonYO10 5DD United Kingdom Undergraduate Program of Intellectual Creativity Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Ho Chi Minh City72409 Viet Nam HCMUT Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Thu Duc Ho Chi Minh City71308 Viet Nam

This research introduces a deep learning framework that combines convolutional neural networks with autoencoders to improve the diagnostic accuracy of knee osteoarthritis. The study utilized a publicly available dataset from the Mendeley Data repository, where knee joint images were preprocessed using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization to enhance contrast and ensure consistent image sizing. Initially, an autoencoder was employed in an unsupervised manner to learn compressed representations of the data. These representations were then used to train a CNN to classify knee images into 'healthy' and 'osteoarthritic' categories. The model was trained using an 80:20 split for training and testing data, incorporating early stopping and data augmentation techniques to prevent overfitting and enhance generalization. Performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROCAUC) were used to evaluate the model, resulting in a high test accuracy of 98.95%. The high precision and recall rates further confirmed the model's robustness in diagnosing KOA. To enhance interpretability, Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) was applied to identify critical regions in the images that influenced the model's decisions. Additionally, t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) was used to visualize the high-dimensional encoded features in a two-dimensional space, providing deeper insights into how the model differentiates between classes. The promising results of this deep learning approach suggest its potential for broader applications in medical imaging diagnostics. By providing healthcare professionals with a tool that enhances diagnostic accuracy and operational efficiency, this framework lays the foundation for developing scalable, AI-driven diagnostic systems for various complex medical conditions. © 2025 Institute of physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Joints (anatomy)

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Effects of Incident Angle on Single-Event Leakage Current Degradation in Heavy-Ion Irradiated 1800 v and 4500 v SiC Power MOSFETs

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IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 2025年

作者： Sengupta, A. Martinella, C. Ball, D.R. Niskanen, K. Senarath, A.S. Islam, S. Harris, P.M. Hutson, J.M. Osheroff, J.M. Sternberg, A.L. Kettunen, H. Kosier, S.L. Grossner, U. Javanainen, A. Galloway, K.F. Schrimpf, R.D. Witulski, A.F. Zürich8092 Switzerland Vanderbilt University Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program NashvilleTN37235 United States Lipscomb University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department NashvilleTN37204 United States NASA/GSFC Code 561.4 GreenbeltMD20771 United States Vanderbilt University Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department B 351825 NashvilleTN37235 United States University of Jyväskylä Department of Physics Jyväskylä40014 Finland

Experimental heavy-ion responses of two variants of SiC power MOSFETs are evaluated. The devices have similar epitaxial thickness but different doping. The higher doping in the epitaxial region results in lower breakdown voltage, and typically leads to a lower threshold drain voltage at which single-event leakage current (SELC) occurs. Furthermore, the heavy-ion-induced SELC degradation in the drain and gate currents of the SiC MOSFETs exhibit a strong dependence on the heavy-ion's angle of incidence. The devices' behavior significantly alters when irradiated with heavy-ions at different incident angles under the same fixed bias and total fluence, as also confirmed by 3-D Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulations. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Power MOSFET

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Optimisation-based sampling time selection for modelling the three interacting tanks

Optimisation-based sampling time selection for modelling the...

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International Conference on Advanced Mechatronics, Intelligent Manufacture, and Industrial Automation (ICAMIMIA)

作者： Helmy Rahadian Azka Muji Burohman Augie Widyotriatmo Endra Joelianto Engineering Physics Doctoral Program Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Electrical Engineering Study Program Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Semarang Indonesia Research Center for Photonics National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Tangerang Selatan Indonesia Instrumentation and Control Research Group Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Institut Teknologi Bandung University Center of Excellence AI on Vision NLP & Big Data Analytics Bandung Indonesia

This paper considers parameters and sampling time identification of a three interacting tanks system. A novel tailor-made model is introduced to deal with the real plant in the laboratory. Experimental data are then exploited to perform parameter identification via particle swarm optimisation (PSO) method. In addition to the system parameters, we propose to simultaneously optimize the sampling selection in the optimisation process. Even though several well known sampling time selection are established, a more precise selection is required. It is shown in this paper that a meta-heuristic optimisation method (PSO) can be an efficient procedure for this problem. Moreover, three different error measures for performing optimisation are also discussed.

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Stationary Charge Radiation in Anisotropic Photonic Time Crystals

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第9期130卷 093803-093803页

作者： Huanan Li Shixiong Yin Huan He Jingjun Xu Andrea Alù Boris Shapiro MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics School of Physics Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Electrical Engineering City College of The City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA Department of Physics Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel

Time metamaterials offer a great potential for wave manipulation, drawing increasing attention in recent years. Here, we explore the exotic wave dynamics of an anisotropic photonic time crystal (APTC) formed by an anisotropic medium whose optical properties are uniformly and periodically changed in time. Based on a temporal transfer matrix formalism, we show that a stationary charge embedded in an APTC emits radiation, in contrast to the case of isotropic photonic time crystals, and its distribution in momentum space is controlled by the APTC band structure. Our approach extends the functionalities of time metamaterials, offering new opportunities for radiation generation and control, with implications for both classical and quantum applications.

关键词： Optical pumping Photonic crystals Photonics Time crystals

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