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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kopas, Cameron J. Goronzy, Dominic P. Pham, Thang Torres Castanedo, Carlos G. Cheng, Matthew Cochrane, Rory Nast, Patrick Lachman, Ella Zhelev, Nikolay Z. Vallières, André Murthy, Akshay A. Oh, Jin-Su Zhou, Lin Kramer, Matthew J. Cansizoglu, Hilal Bedzyk, Michael J. Dravid, Vinayak P. Romanenko, Alexander Grassellino, Anna Mutus, Josh Y. Hersam, Mark C. Yadavalli, Kameshwar Rigetti Computing BerkeleyCA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Center for Applied Physics and Superconducting Technologies Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Physics University of Oregon EugeneOR United States Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory BataviaIL United States Ames Laboratory U.S. Department of Energy AmesIA United States Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States

The performance of superconducting qubits is often limited by dissipation and two-level systems (TLS) losses. The dominant sources of these losses are believed to originate from amorphous materials and defects at interfaces and surfaces, likely as a result of fabrication processes or ambient exposure. Here, we explore a novel wet chemical surface treatment at the Josephson junction-substrate and the substrate-air interfaces by replacing a buffered oxide etch (BOE) cleaning process with one that uses hydrofluoric acid followed by aqueous ammonium fluoride. We show that the ammonium fluoride etch process results in a statistically significant improvement in median T1 by ∼ 22% (p = 0.002), and a reduction in the number of strongly-coupled TLS in the tunable frequency range. Microwave resonator measurements on samples treated with the ammonium fluoride etch prior to niobium deposition also show ∼ 33% lower TLS-induced loss tangent compared to the BOE treated samples. As the chemical treatment primarily modifies the Josephson junction-substrate interface and substrate-air interface, we perform targeted chemical and structural characterizations to examine materials’ differences at these interfaces and identify multiple microscopic changes that could contribute to decreased TLS. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Fluorine compounds

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Ultrafast evanescent heat transfer across solid interfaces via hyperbolic phonon-polaritons in hexagonal boron nitride

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hutchins, William Tomko, John A. Hirt, Dan M. Zare, Saman Matson, Joseph R. Diaz-Granados, Katja He, Mingze Pfeifer, Thomas Li, Jiahan Edgar, James Maria, Jon-Paul Caldwell, Joshua D. Hopkins, Patrick E. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37212 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37212 United States Tim Taylor Dept. of Chemical Engineering Kansas State University ManhattanKS United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Department of Physics University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States

The efficiency of phonon-mediated heat transport is limited by the intrinsic atomistic properties of materials, seemingly providing an upper limit to heat transfer in materials and across their interfaces. The typical speeds of conductive transport, which are inherently limited by the chemical bonds and atomic masses, dictate how quickly heat will move in solids. Given that phonon-polaritons (PhPs), or coupled phonon-photon modes, can propagate at speeds approaching 1% of the speed of light – orders of magnitude faster than transport within a pure diffusive phonon conductor – we demonstrate that volume-confined, hyperbolic phonon-polariton (HPhP) modes supported by many biaxial polar crystals can couple energy across solid-solid interfaces at an order of magnitude higher rates than phonon-phonon conduction alone. Using pump-probe thermoreflectance with a mid-infrared, tunable, probe pulse with sub-picosecond resolution, we demonstrate remote and spectrally selective excitation of the HPhP modes in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) in response to radiative heating from a thermally emitting gold source. Our work demonstrates a new avenue for interfacial heat transfer based on broadband radiative coupling from a hot spot in a gold film to hBN HPhPs, independent of the broad spectral mismatch between the pump (visible) and probe (mid-IR) pulses employed. This methodology can be used to bypass the intrinsically limiting phonon-phonon conductive pathway, thus providing an alternative means of heat transfer across interfaces. Further, our time-resolved measurements of the temperature changes of the HPhP modes in hBN show that through polaritonic coupling, a material can transfer heat across and away from an interface at rates orders of magnitude faster than diffusive phonon speeds intrinsic to the material, thus demonstrating a pronounced thermal transport enhancement in hBN via phonon-polariton coupling. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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Near-Infrared I/II Nanophosphors with Cr3+/Ni2+ Energy Transfer for Bioimaging

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Advanced Optical Materials 2023年第15期11卷

作者： Satpathy, Aishwarya Huang, Wen-Tse Chan, Ming-Hsien Su, Ting-Yi Kamiński, Mikolaj Majewska, Natalia Mahlik, Sebastian Leniec, Grzegorz Kaczmarek, Slawomir M. Hsiao, Michael Liu, Ru-Shi Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan Nanoscience and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University Academia Road 128 Nankang Taipei115 Taiwan Genomics Research Center Academia Sinica Academia Road Section 2 Nankang Taipei115 Taiwan Institute of Experimental Physics Faculty of Mathematics Physics and Informatics University of Gdansk Wita Stwosza 57 Gdansk80–308 Poland Department of Technical Physics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin al. Piastow 19 Szczecin70–310 Poland

In the biomedical field, the use of fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) region is growing rapidly because it imparts the advantages of reduced autofluorescence and low photon scattering. The advantage of reduced scattering is that it increases penetration depth in vivo and improves imaging clarity. Herein, this work uses mesoporous silica, a biocompatible template that can be easily modified, functionalized, and loaded with drugs for use in several bioapplications. The ZnGa2O4 spinel oxide system is integrated into mesoporous silica and different concentrations of Cr3+ and Ni2+ are loaded in octahedral sites to obtain the highest emission intensity in the NIR-II region at 1285 nm via energy transfer from Cr3+ to Ni2+. Given that only a few nanophosphor systems with emission in the NIR-II region are available, this work attempts to establish emission in the NIR-II and NIR-I regions to obtain images in vivo with an increased penetration depth to 5 mm and improved clarity for bioimaging purposes. This system will open the door for biomedical research on other NIR-II nanophosphors. © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Bioimaging

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Oscillation quenching in Stuart-Landau oscillators via dissimilar repulsive coupling

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Physical Review Research 2023年第1期5卷 013074-013074页

作者： Subhasanket Dutta Omar Alamoudi Yash Shashank Vakilna Sandipan Pati Sarika Jalan Complex Systems Lab Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa Road Simrol Indore-453552 India Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas 77225 USA Biomedical Engineering Program King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa Road Simrol Indore-453552 India

Quenching of oscillations, namely, amplitude and oscillations death, is an emerging phenomenon exhibited by many real-world complex systems. Here, we introduce a scheme that combines dissimilar couplings and repulsive feedback links for the interactions of Stuart-Landau oscillators and analytically derive the conditions required for the amplitude death. Importantly, this analysis is independent of the network size, presents a generalized approach to calculate the stability conditions for various different coupling schemes, and befits nonidentical oscillators as well. Last, we discuss the similarities of the quenching of oscillations phenomenon with the postictal generalized Electroencephalogram (EEG) suppression in convulsive seizures.

关键词： Bifurcations Coupled oscillators Neuronal dynamics Neuronal network activity

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Preparation of LFP-based cathode materials for lithium-ion battery applications

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 65卷 2347-2350页

作者： Suttison, Suchanat Pengpat, Kamonpan Intatha, Uraiwan Fan, Jinchen Zhang, Wei Eitssayeam, Sukum Master's Degree Program in Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Graduate School Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Thailand Center of Innovative Materials for Sustainability School of Science Mae Fah Luang University Chiang Rai 57100 Thailand School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China Department of Engineering Mechanics Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China

Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) have developed into the mainstream power source of energy storage devices due to their advantages: high power density, high power, long service life, and less pollution. This materials development for LFP batteries was considered successful in synthesizing powder. Here we show that three synthesis conditions were performed. LFP doped NiO, NMC, and (NH4)2HPO4 were synthesized by the nitrogen gas flow method. LFP-doped NiO was burned at 600 °C and 700 °C for five h. NMC doped with LFP burned at 550 °C for five h, and NMC-doped LFP and (NH4)2HPO4 were burned at 550 °C and 600 °C for five h. The structure and morphology of the material were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). © 2022

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Ronchigram Simulation and Training through ***

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Sung, Suk Hyun Schnitzer, Noah Millsaps, William Kourkoutis, Lena F. Hovden, Robert Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Engineering Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Kavli Institute Cornell for Nanoscale Science Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States

This article introduces a training simulator for electron beam alignment using Ronchigrams. The interactive web application, ***, is an advanced educational tool aimed at making scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) more accessible and open. For experienced microscopists, the tool offers on-hand quantification of simulated Ronchigrams and their resolution limits. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： High resolution transmission electron microscopy

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Manipulating Fano coupling in an opto-thermoelectric field

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lin, Linhan Lepeshov, Sergey Krasnok, Alex Huang, Yu Jiang, Taizhi Peng, Xiaolei Korgel, Brian A. Alu, Andrea Zheng, Yuebing State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering DTU Electro Technical University of Denmark Building 343 Kgs. LyngbyDK-2800 Denmark Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International University MiamiFL33174 United States School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha410082 China Mc Ketta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Materials Science & Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York NY10016 United States Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

Fano resonances in photonics arise from the coupling and interference between two resonant modes in structures with broken symmetry. They feature an uneven and narrow and tunable lineshape, and are ideally suited for optical spectroscopy. Many Fano resonance structures have been suggested in nanophotonics over the last ten years, but reconfigurability and tailored design remain challenging. Herein, we propose an all-optical "pick-and-place" approach aimed at assemble Fano metamolecules of various geometries and compositions in a reconfigurable manner. We study their coupling behavior by in-situ dark-field scattering spectroscopy. Driven by a light-directed opto-thermoelectric field, silicon nanoparticles with high quality-factor Mie resonances (discrete states) and low-loss BaTiO3 nanoparticles (continuum states) are assembled into all-dielectric heterodimers, where distinct Fano resonances are observed. The Fano parameter can be adjusted by changing the resonant frequency of the discrete states or the light polarization. We also show tunable coupling strength and multiple Fano resonances by altering the number of continuum states and discrete states in dielectric heterooligomers. Our work offers a general design rule for Fano resonance and an all-optical platform for controlling Fano coupling on demand. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light polarization

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Estimating Path Loss of High-Speed Railway for the Case of Two Ray Ground Reflection Model

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Lukman, Selvi Nazaruddin, Yul Yunazwin Ai, Bo Engineering Physics Doctoral Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Instrumentation and Control Research Group Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China

In a mobile radio channel for High-Speed Railway (HSR), a single direct path from a free space propagation model is insufficient to provide an uninterrupted high-speed fault tolerance of communication networks heterogeneity. This study proposes a two ray ground reflection path loss model for HSR by contemplating both direct and ground reflected propagation path when the signal is propagating from the transmitter to the receiver. The model is theoretically suitable to overcome the interferences of far-field microcell urban environment for several kilometres distances. The proposed path loss model is validated by utilizing optimization technique of FPA (Flower Pollination Algorithm) and GBNN (Grey Box Neural Network). A comparison of objective functions and fitting plots visualization demonstrates excellent validation performances of both algorithms. However, GBNN predominates FPA in following the dynamic scenario of HSR. Accordingly, the achievement of GBNN is acceptable to put back into the proposed two ray ground path loss model and so it is becoming possible for network designers to design a power link budget in order to plan frequency path planning and small cells coverage area to fulfil the reliable services and train control operations. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Budget control

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Demonstration of a polarization-agnostic geometric phase in nonlocal metasurfaces

Demonstration of a polarization-agnostic geometric phase in ...

引用

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Adam C. Overvig Y. Kasahara Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York NY USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY USA

We theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate nonlocal metasurfaces rationally designed using symmetry-breaking principles to manipulate the optical wavefront with a geometric phase selective to custom ellip... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Circular polarization Constructive interference Fano resonance Polarization Polarized light Thermal emission

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Digital storytelling of physics (DiS-Phy): Learning physics from home through stories 10

Digital storytelling of Physics (DiS-Phy): Learning physics ...

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10th National physics Seminar, SNF 2021

作者： Sanjaya, L.A. Putri, E.A. Wibowo, F.C. Robby, D.K. Puspa, R.W.D. Pertiwi, W.A. Sianipar, L.K. Qoiriyah, W. Sitompul, H. Department of Physics Education Universitas Negeri Jakarta Jakarta13220 Indonesia Department of Management Education Universitas Negeri Jakarta Jakarta13220 Indonesia Kartika VIII-1 Senior High School Jakarta Indonesia Management of Islamic Education STAI AHSANTA Jelutung Kota Jambi Jambi36125 Indonesia Department of Physics Education Universitas Pelita Harapan Tangerang15811 Indonesia Informatics Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Sheikh Yusuf Islamic University Tangerang Indonesia

This study aims to develop a product such as "Digital storytelling of physics (DiS-Phy)" that can be used as a physics’ educational media for distance learning (PJJ) on magnetic field material. DiS-Phy developed as a digital storytelling media which is able to combine several learning media such as writing, pictures and learning videos in one medium. The developed DiS-Phy also equipped with scientific literacy questions. DiS-Phy can be accessed on all types of distance learning devices such as smartphones, laptops and tablets that are connected to the internet. DiS-Phy including the type of research and development (Research & Development) which refers to the ASSURE model. The result of validation test shows the percentages of 91,07%, according to subject-matter expert, 93,16%, according to media expert and 87,50% according to learning expert. DiS-Phy also tested by 4 physics teachers at senior high school in Jakarta that achieved 92,57% points that make this product has been qualified as a worthy physics’ distance learning device. Also of 35 as respondents in this study shows the percentages of 87,48% points that make this product worthy to use as an educational media. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the DiS-Phy has been qualified as a worthy physics’ distance learning device for teachers and students. © 2021 Institute of physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： E-learning

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