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Nature Reviews Bioengineering 2023年 680页

作者： W. Taylor Kimberly Annabel J. Sorby-Adams Andrew G. Webb Ed X. Wu Rachel Beekman Kevin N. Sheth Ritvij Bowry Steven J. Schiff Adam de Havenon Francis X. Shen Gordon Sze Pamela Schaefer Juan Eugenio Iglesias Matthew S. Rosen Department of Neurology and the Center for Genomic Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology Department of Neurology Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale School of Medicine Yale Center for Brain & Mind Health New Haven CT USA Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology McGovern Medical School University of Texas Health Neurosciences Houston TX USA Department of Neurosurgery Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Division of Vascular Neurology Department of Neurology Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Harvard Medical School Center for Bioethics Harvard law School Boston MA USA Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Department of Radiology Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT USA Division of Neuroradiology Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK Computer Science and AI Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Boston MA USA

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A method to read numbers in Thai nutrition facts label by using SVM

A method to read numbers in Thai nutrition facts label by us...

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International Workshop on Advanced Image technology (IWAIT)

作者： Supawadee Ekkasan Theekapun Charoenpong Kosin Chamnongthai Supiya Charoensiriwath Department of Biomedical Engineering Srinakharinwijot University Nakhonnayok Thailand Department of Electrical and Telecommunication Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Thailand Biomedical Signal Processing Laboratory National Electronics and Computer Technology Center Pathumthani Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781538626160

Due to a problem of current research occurring when reading the nutrition facts label with Thai font. In this paper, we proposed a method to read the amount of the nutrition numbers on nutrition facts label with Thai font by using integrated image processing technique. This method consists of three steps: label extraction, number segmentation, and number classification. Nutrition facts label image is used as input of algorithm. First, the label is extracted by using a local adaptive threshold. Four sides of a label box are detected from histogram in horizontal and vertical axis. Second, numbers are segmented based on blob region analysis. Blob of number can be defined according to blob sequence in a line. A number in blob of number is then separated. Third, a number is divided into 5×7 regions. A number vector defined from 35 regions is used to classify the number by the support vector machine. To test the performance of the proposed method, number of the amount of the nutrition is extracted from twenty Thai labels. In such labels, there are 180 numbers. A number is classified into number 0-9. By using support vector machine for classification, the accuracy is 81.11%. The experimental result shows the satisfactory results. This is the first method for reading number in Thai nutrition facts label.

关键词： Erbium Data acquisition Data mining Graphics Tools

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Effects of biased and unbiased illuminations on dopant-free GaAs/AlGaAs 2DEGs

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Shetty, A. Sfigakis, F. Mak, W.Y. Das Gupta, K. Buonacorsi, B. Tam, M.C. Kim, H.S. Farrer, I. Croxall, A.F. Beere, H.E. Hamilton, A.R. Pepper, M. Austing, D.G. Studenikin, S.A. Sachrajda, A. Reimer, M.E. Wasilewski, Z.R. Ritchie, D.A. Baugh, J. Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo WaterlooN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Chemistry University of Waterloo WaterlooN2L 3G1 Canada Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0HE United Kingdom Northern Quantum Lights Inc. WaterlooN2B 1N5 Canada Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai40007 India Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo WaterlooN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Sheffield SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom School of Physics University of New South Wales SydneyNSW2052 Australia Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College London LondonWC1E 7JE United Kingdom Security and Disruptive Technologies Research Centre National Research Council of Canada OttawaK1A 0R6 Canada Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo WaterlooN2L 3G1 Canada

Illumination is performed at low temperature on dopant-free two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) of varying depths, under unbiased (gates grounded) and biased (gates at a positive or negative voltage) conditions. Unbiased illuminations in 2DEGs located more than 70 nm away from the surface result in a gain in mobility at a given electron density, primarily driven by the reduction of background impurities. In 2DEGs closer to the surface, unbiased illuminations result in a mobility loss, driven by an increase in surface charge density. Biased illuminations performed with positive applied gate voltages result in a mobility gain, whereas those performed with negative applied voltages result in a mobility loss. The magnitude of the mobility gain (loss) weakens with 2DEG depth, and is likely driven by a reduction (increase) in surface charge density. Remarkably, this mobility gain/loss is fully reversible by performing another biased illumination with the appropriate gate voltage, provided both n-type and p-type ohmic contacts are present. Experimental results are modeled with Boltzmann transport theory, and possible mechanisms are discussed. © 2020, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Temperature

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END TO END SIMULATION STUDY OF GEOSTAIONARY PASSIVE MICROWAVE ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDING

END TO END SIMULATION STUDY OF GEOSTAIONARY PASSIVE MICROWAV...

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

作者： Ke Chen Al. Gasiewski Kun Zhang Liang Lang Liangqi Gui Qingxia Li Ye He Science and Technology on Multi-spectral Information Processing Laboratory Wuhan China Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado at Boulder School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology

A numerical simulator for analysis of the geostationary orbit multispectral passive microwave (Geo-MW) mapping and sounding is described, which mainly includes upwelling brightness temperatures forward, microwave radiometer payload simulation and atmospheric profile retrieval. This simulator allows evaluation and optimization of the ability of microwave sensors to retrieve atmospheric temperature and humidity profile. In this paper, end to end simulation study of a Geo-MW radiometer observation at selected frequencies from 50 to 425 GHz with a real-aperture antenna is performed and the accuracy of the brightness temperature measurement and the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile sounding are quantitatively analyzed and evaluated.

关键词： Atmospheric modeling Microwave radiometry Brightness temperature Microwave imaging Microwave antennas Computational modeling Microwave communication

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On Capacity-Based Codebook Design and Advanced Decoding for Sparse Code Multiple Access Systems

On Capacity-Based Codebook Design and Advanced Decoding for ...

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作者： Xiao, Kexin Xia, Bin Chen, Zhiyong Xiao, Baicen Chen, Dageng Ma, Shaodan Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science Institute of Wireless Communication Technologies Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Institute of Wireless Communication Technologies Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98105 United States Cooperative Medianent Innovation Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Media Processing and Transmissions Shanghai200240 China Communications Technology Laboratory Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. Shanghai201206 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau C-Macau999078 China

Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is a promising non-orthogonal air-interface technology for its ability to support massive connections. In this paper, we design the multiuser codebook and the advanced decoding from the perspective of the theoretical capacity and the system feasibility. First, different from the lattice-based constellation in point-to-point channels, we propose a novel codebook for maximizing the constellation constrained capacity. We optimize a series of 1-D superimposed constellations to construct multi-dimensional codewords. An effective dimensional permutation switching algorithm is proposed to further obtain the capacity gain. Consequently, it shows that the performance of the proposed codebook approaches the Shannon limit and achieves significant gains over the other existing ones. Furthermore, we provide a symbol-based extrinsic information transfer tool to analyze the convergence of SCMA iterative detection, where the complex codewords are considered in modeling the a priori probabilities instead of assuming the binary inputs in previous literature. Finally, to approach the capacity, we develop a low-density parity-check code-based SCMA receiver. Most importantly, by utilizing the EXIT charts, we propose an iterative joint detection and decoding scheme with only partial inner iterations, which exhibits significant performance gain over the traditional one with separate detection and decoding. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative decoding

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Corrigendum: Ethanol-controlled peroxidation in liquid-anode discharges (2019 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 52 425205)

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Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 2021年第22期54卷

作者： Qiang Chen Jiao Lin Xinyi He Hailong Hu Junshuai Li Qing Xiong Bingyan Chen Zhengyong Song Hai Liu Qing Huo Liu Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance Department of Electronic Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 People's Republic of China College of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education and School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 People's Republic of China Department of Mathematics and Physics Hohai University Changzhou 213022 People's Republic of China School of Civil Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 United States of America Institute for Future Environments and School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical Engineering Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Processes and Devices Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization PO Box 218 Lindfield NSW 2070 Australia

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Roadmap on spin-wave computing

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Chumak, Andrii V. Kabos, P. Wu, M. Abert, C. Adelmann, C. Adeyeye, A. Åkerman, J. Aliev, F.G. Anane, A. Awad, A. Back, C.H. Barman, A. Bauer, G.E.W. Becherer, M. Beginin, E.N. Bittencourt, V.A.S.V. Blanter, Y.M. Bortolotti, P. Boventer, I. Bozhko, D.A. Bunyaev, S.A. Carmiggelt, J.J. Cheenikundil, R.R. Ciubotaru, F. Cotofana, S. Csaba, G. Dobrovolskiy, O.V. Dubs, C. Elyasi, M. Fripp, K.G. Fulara, H. Golovchanskiy, I.A. Gonzalez-Ballestero, C. Graczyk, P. Grundler, D. Gruszecki, P. Gubbiotti, G. Guslienko, K. Haldar, A. Hamdioui, S. Hertel, R. Hillebrands, B. Hioki, T. Houshang, A. Hu, C.-M. Huebl, H. Huth, M. Iacocca, E. Jungfleisch, M.B. Kakazei, G.N. Khitun, A. Khymyn, R. Kikkawa, T. Kläui, M. Klein, O. Klos, J.W. Knauer, S. Koraltan, S. Kostylev, M. Krawczyk, M. Krivorotov, I.N. Kruglyak, V.V. Lachance-Quirion, D. Ladak, S. Lebrun, R. Li, Y. Lindner, M. Macêdo, R. Mayr, S. Melkov, G.A. Mieszczak, S. Nakamura, Y. Nembach, H.T. Nikitin, A.A. Nikitov, S.A. Novosad, V. Otalora, J.A. Otani, Y. Papp, A. Pigeau, B. Pirro, P. Porod, W. Porrati, F. Qin, H. Rana, B. Reimann, T. Riente, F. Romero-Isart, O. Ross, A. Sadovnikov, A.V. Safin, A.R. Saitoh, E. Schmidt, G. Schultheiss, H. Schultheiss, K. Serga, A.A. Sharma, S. Shaw, J.M. Suess, D. Surzhenko, O. Szulc, K. Taniguchi, T. Urbánek, M. Usami, K. Ustinov, A.B. van der Sar, T. van Dijken, S. Vasyuchka, V.I. Verba, R. Viola Kusminskiy, S. Wang, Q. Weides, M. Weiler, M. Wintz, S. Wolski, S.P. Zhang, X. Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Boltzmanngasse 5 ViennaA-1090 Austria National Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO80305 United States Department of Physics Colorado State University Fort CollinsCO80523 United States Research Platform MMM Mathematics-Magnetism-Materials University of Vienna Oskar-Morgenstern-Platz 1 Vienna1090 Austria Imec Leuven3001 Belgium Department of Physics Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Gothenburg Gothenburg412 96 Sweden Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid28049 Spain Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS Thales Université Paris Saclay Palaiseau91767 France Department of Physics Technical University of Munich Garching85748 Germany Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Salt Lake Kolkata700106 India Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of Groningen Netherlands Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Munich Munich80333 Germany Laboratory of Magnetic Metamaterials Saratov State University Saratov410012 Russia Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light Erlangen91058 Germany Department of Quantum Nanoscience Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of Technology Delft2628 CJ Netherlands Department of Physics and Energy Science University of Colorado Colorado Springs Colorado SpringsCO80918 United States Departamento de Física e Astronomia Universidade do Porto Porto4169-007 Portugal Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg CNRS Université de Strasbourg StrasbourgF-67000 France Department of Quantum and Computer Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft2628 CD Netherlands Faculty for Information Technology and Bionics Pazmany Peter Catholic University Prater u. 50/A BudapestH-1083 Hungary INNOVENT e.V.

Magnonics is a field of science that addresses the physical properties of spin waves and utilizes them for data processing. Scalability down to atomic dimensions, operations in the GHz-to-THz frequency range, utilization of nonlinear and nonreciprocal phenomena, and compatibility with CMOS are just a few of many advantages offered by magnons. Although magnonics is still primarily positioned in the academic domain, the scientific and technological challenges of the field are being extensively investigated, and many proof-of-concept prototypes have already been realized in laboratories. This roadmap is a product of the collective work of many authors that covers versatile spin-wave computing approaches, conceptual building blocks, and underlying physical phenomena. In particular, the roadmap discusses the computation operations with Boolean digital data, unconventional approaches like neuromorphic computing, and the progress towards magnon-based quantum computing. The article is organized as a collection of sub-sections grouped into seven large thematic sections. Each sub-section is prepared by one or a group of authors and concludes with a brief description of the current challenges and the outlook of the further development of the research directions. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Spin waves

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Machine discovery of partial differential equations from spatiotemporal data

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Yuan, Ye Li, Junlin Li, Liang Jiang, Frank Tang, Xiuchuan Zhang, Fumin Liu, Sheng Goncalves, Jorge Voss, Henning U. Li, Xiuting Kurths, Jürgen Ding, Han School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipments and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm11428 Sweden School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta30332 United States School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan430074 China Department of Engineering University of Cambridge CambridgeCB2 1PZ United Kingdom Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg BelvauxL-4367 Luxembourg Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Center Weill Cornell Medical College New York10021 United States Research Domain IV - Transdisciplinary Concepts & Methods Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Potsdam14473 Germany School of Mechanical Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipments and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

The study presents a general framework for discovering underlying Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) using measured spatiotemporal data. The method, called Sparse Spatiotemporal System Discovery (S3d), decides which physical terms are necessary and which can be removed (because they are physically negligible in the sense that they do not affect the dynamics too much) from a pool of candidate functions. The method is built on the recent development of Sparse Bayesian Learning;which enforces the sparsity in the to-be-identified PDEs, and therefore can balance the model complexity and fitting error with theoretical guarantees. Without leveraging prior knowledge or assumptions in the discovery process, we use an automated approach to discover ten types of PDEs, including the famous Navier-Stokes and sine-Gordon equations, from simulation data alone. Moreover, we demonstrate our data-driven discovery process with the Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation (CGLE) using data measured from a traveling-wave convection experiment. Our machine discovery approach presents solutions that has the potential to inspire, support and assist physicists for the establishment of physical laws from measured spatiotemporal data, especially in notorious fields that are often too complex to allow a straightforward establishment of physical law, such as biophysics, fluid dynamics, neuroscience or nonlinear optics. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nonlinear optics

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Tensor representation in high-frequency financial data for price change prediction

Tensor representation in high-frequency financial data for p...

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2017 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence, SSCI 2017

作者： Tran, Dat Thanh Magris, Martin Kanniainen, Juho Gabbouj, Moncef Iosifidis, Alexandros Laboratory of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Laboratory of Industrial and Information Management Tampere University of Technology Tampere Finland Department of Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9781538627259

Nowadays, with the availability of massive amount of trade data collected, the dynamics of the financial markets pose both a challenge and an opportunity for high frequency traders. In order to take advantage of the rapid, subtle movement of assets in High Frequency Trading (HFT), an automatic algorithm to analyze and detect patterns of price change based on transaction records must be available. The multichannel, time-series representation of financial data naturally suggests tensor-based learning algorithms. In this work, we investigate the effectiveness of two multilinear methods for the mid-price prediction problem against other existing methods. The experiments in a large scale dataset which contains more than 4 millions limit orders show that by utilizing tensor representation, multilinear models outperform vector-based approaches and other competing ones. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Tensors

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Conceptual design of the three-dimensional magnetic field configuration relevant to the magnetopause reconnection in the SPERF

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plasma Science and technology 2017年第3期19卷 27-33页

作者： Aohua MAO Yang REN Hantao JI Peng E Ke HAN Zhibin WANG Qingmei XlAO Laboratory for Space Environment and Physical Sciences Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 People's Republic of China Princeton Plasma Playsics Laboratory Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08543 USA School of computer & information engineering Harbin University of Commerce Harbin 150028 people's Republic of China Department of electrical engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 People's Republicof China

A new ground-based expenmental device,the Space plasma Environment Research Facility（SPERF）,is being designed at Harbin Institute of technology in China,with Asymmetric REconnection eXperiment-3 Dimensional（AREX-3D） as one of the experimental components to study the asymmetric reconnection dynamics relevant to the interaction between the interplanetary and magnetospheric *** asymmetry in the designed magnetic reconnection process not only refers to the distinct plasma parameters designed for the two upstream regions across the current sheet,but also refers to the inhomogeneity in the direction along the current sheet resulting from the designed 3D magnetic field *** two asymmetries are fundamental features of the reconnection process at the Earth＇s *** experiment,the reconnection process is driven by a set of flux cores through coil-currentramp-up from the ＇magnetosheath-side＇ to interact with a dipole magnetic field generated by the Dipole Research Experiment（DREX） coil on the ＇magnetosphere-side＇.The AREX-3D will be able to investigate a range of important reconnection issues in 3D magnetic field geometry that is relevant to the Earth＇s magnetopause.A wide range of plasma parameters can be achieved through inductive plasma generation with flux cores on the ＇magnetosheath-side＇ and electron cyclotron resonance（ECR） with microwave sources on the ＇magnetosphere-side＇,***（low）plasma density at experimental magnetosheath（dipole） *** reconnection regimes and geometries can be produced by adjusting plasma parameters and coil setups as well as coil current *** three-dimensional magnetic field configurations in the SPERF relevant to the dayside magnetopause reconnection are discussed in detail.

关键词： AREX-3D SPERF magnetosphere reconnection experiment asymmetric magneticreconnection

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