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IEEE International Conference on Image processing

作者： N. Voisine S. Dasiopoulou F. Precioso V. Mezaris I. Kompatsiaris M.G. Strintzis Informatics and Telematics Institute Centre for Research and Technology Hellas Thessaloniki Greece Information Processing Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

Efficient video content management and exploitation requires extraction of the underlying semantics, a non-trivial task associating low-level features of the image domain and high-level semantic descriptions. In this paper, a knowledge-assisted approach for extracting semantics of domain-specific video content is presented. Domain knowledge considers both low-level features (color, motion, shape) and spatial behavior (topological and directional information). During the preprocessing step, a set of over-segmented homogenous atom-regions is generated and their low-level and spatial descriptions are extracted. A genetic algorithm is then applied in order to find the optimal interpretation according to a specific domain conceptualization. The proposed approach was tested on the formula one, tennis and beach vacations domains showing promising results.

关键词： Algorithm design and analysis Data mining Ontologies Genetic algorithms Object detection Content management Feature extraction Knowledge representation Semantic Web Laboratories

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About room response equalization and dereverberation

About room response equalization and dereverberation

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IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal processing to Audio and Acoustics

作者： M. Karjalainen T. Paatero J.N. Mourjopoulos P.D. Hatziantoniou Laboratory of Acoustics and Audio Signal Processing Helsinki University of Technology Finland Audio Group Wire Communications Lab Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Patras Patras Greece

Improvement of sound reproduction in rooms by signal processing techniques has been studied seriously for more than twenty years. Such methods are called for example dereverberation, room (response) equalization, and room (response) correction. Understanding the limitations and quality criteria for such methods is gradually achieved through studies of this highly multidimensional problem. In the present paper we discuss the terminology and goals, compare some recent approaches of these techniques in practical cases, and finally point out future challenges

关键词： Acoustic signal processing Multidimensional signal processing Multidimensional systems Terminology

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Using a Free-Parts Representation for Visual Speech Recognition

Using a Free-Parts Representation for Visual Speech Recognit...

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Proceedings of the Digital Image Computing: Technqiues and Applications (DICTA)

作者： P. Lucey S. Lucey S. Sridharan Queensland University of Technology Speech Audio Image and Video Research Laboratory Brisbane Australia Advanced Multimedia Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

Motivated by the success of free-parts based representations in face recognition, we have attempted to address some of the problems associated with applying such a philosophy to the task of speaker-independent visual speech recognition. A major problem with canonical area-based approaches in automatic visual speech recognition is the dependence these approaches have on locating and tracking the speaker’s region of interest (ROI) correctly. By employing a free-parts representation,we assume that the position/structure of patches within the mouth image can be relaxed so they can "freely" move to varying extents, hence reducing the influence of the front-end effect. In this paper, we show that by using a free-parts representation we gain some robustness against the problem of ROI localisation and tracking compared to current area-based feature extraction techniques such as the discrete cosine transform (DCT). Also in this paper, we expose the importance of representation for the task of visual speech recognition highlighted by the poor results current representations yield.

关键词： Speech recognition Mouth Hidden Markov models Laboratories Face recognition Feature extraction Discrete cosine transforms Robustness Automatic speech recognition Pixel

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Effective memory reduction scheme used for reference frames in H.264/AVC video codec

Effective memory reduction scheme used for reference frames ...

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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

作者： Chih-Chang Chen Sheng-Shiung Chen O.T.C. Chen Chien-Fa Chen Fang-Chu Chen Department of Electrical Engineering Signal and Media Laboratories National Chung Cheng University Taiwan Digital Signal Processing Tech. Department of Computer & Communications Research Laboratory Industrial Technology and Research Institute Taiwan

In the H.264/AVC video codec, multiple reference frames are applied for motion estimation to provide good coding efficiency. However, multiple reference frames also require more memory cost than one reference frame used in a video codec. To minimize the amount of memory requirement, this work proposes to add a decision unit in the H.264/AVC codec to store these reference frames. The said decision unit would look closely at macroblock (MB) of the currently decoded frame to determine it's storage type to be compressed or reconstructed data, according to the encoding parameters of subblocks in this MB. Furthermore, an adaptive scheme is proposed to store the currently decoded frame as reconstructed picture for lowering the computational complexity and using the buffer in full. Experimental results reveal that the proposed memory reduction scheme requires lower complexity and better picture quality than the conventional work. Therefore, the proposed memory reduction scheme can be widely used in various applications of the H.264/AVC codec to minimize the memory requirement.

关键词： Automatic voltage control Video codecs Decoding Buffer storage Motion estimation Costs Computational complexity Videoconference Video compression Encoding

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A computer-aided system for mass detection and classification in digitized mammograms

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Biomedical engineering - Applications, Basis and Communications 2005年第5期17卷 215-228页

作者： Yang, Sheng-Chih Wang, Chuin-Mu Chung, Yi-Nung Hsu, Giu-Cheng Lee, San-Kan Chung, Pau-Choo Chang, Chein-I. Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chin Yi Institute of Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Da-Yeh University Chunghua Taiwan Department of Radiology Tri-Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan Administrative Office Suao Veterans Hospital Yilan Taiwan Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore MD United States

This paper presents a computer-assisted diagnostic system for mass detection and classification, which performs mass detection on regions of interest followed by the benign-malignant classification on detected masses. In order for mass detection to be effective, a sequence of preprocessing steps are designed to enhance the intensity of a region of interest, remove the noise effects and locate suspicious masses using five texture features generated from the spatial gray level difference matrix (SGLDM) and fractal dimension. Finally, a probabilistic neural network (PNN) coupled with entropic thresholding techniques is developed for mass extraction. Since the shapes of masses are crucial in classification between benignancy and malignancy, four shape features are further generated and joined with the five features previously used in mass detection to be implemented in another PNN for mass classification. To evaluate our designed system a data set collected in the Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taiwan, R.O.C. was used for performance evaluation. The results are encouraging and have shown promise of our system.

关键词： computer aided analysis

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Journal of Information Science and engineering: Editorial notice

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Journal of Information Science and engineering 2005年第5期21卷 i-ii页

作者： Lee, Der-Tsai Amato, Nancy M. Chang, Shih-Fu Chen, Homer H. Chen, Tsuhan Hsu, Tsan-Sheng Hwang, Jenq-Neng Kuo, Sy-Yen Kuo, Tei-Wei Li, Chung-Sheng Tokuyama, Takeshi Wing, Jeannette Wu, Tzong-Chen Yen, John Computer Science at Texas A and M University United States Parasol Laboratory United States IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems Computing Research Association's Committee on the Status of Women in Computing Research CRA-W's Distributed Mentor Program United States Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University United States Lab. United States College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taiwan University Taiwan IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology IEEE Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States ACM ACM SIGACT IEEE Computer Society IICM Austria Research and Development of the Department Multimedia Signal Processing Technical Committee IEEE Signal Processing Society United States IEEE Transactions on Circuits and systems for Video Technology College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan IEEE Technical Committee on Real-Time Systems Computer Science Division IBM T.J. Watson Research Center United States IBM Research Division Graduate School of Information Sciences Tohoku University Japan ACM IPSJ Mathematical Society of Japan Japan Department of Computer Science Computer Science Department Carnegie Mellon University United States National Academies of Science's Computer Science and Telecommunications Board United States Microsoft's Trustworthy Academic Advisory Board Intel Research Pittsburgh's Advisory Board United States Dartmouth's Institute for Security Technology Studies Advisory Committee Canada Sloan Research Fellowships Program Committee United States ACM Taiwan China Information Sciences and Technology Pennsylvania State University United States Laboratory for Intelligent Agents Penn State's School of Info

No abstract available

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Ionospheric Modification at Twice the Electron Cyclotron Frequency

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Physical Review Letters 2005年第12期94卷 125001-125001页

作者： F. T. Djuth T. R. Pedersen E. A. Gerken P. A. Bernhardt C. A. Selcher W. A. Bristow M. J. Kosch Geospace Research Inc. El Segundo California 90245 USA Air Force Research Laboratory Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts 01731 USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Plasma Physics Division Naval Research Laboratory Washington D.C. 20375 USA Information Technology Division Naval Research Laboratory Washington D.C. 20375 USA Geophysical Institute UAF Fairbanks Alaska 99775 USA Communications Systems Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YR United Kingdom

In 2004, a new transmission band was added to the HAARP high-frequency ionospheric modification facility that encompasses the second electron cyclotron harmonic at altitudes between ∼220 and 330 km. Initial observations indicate that greatly enhanced airglow occurs whenever the transmission frequency approximately matches the second electron cyclotron harmonic at the height of the upper hybrid resonance. This is the reverse of what happens at higher electron cyclotron harmonics. The measured optical emissions confirm the presence of accelerated electrons in the plasma.

关键词： Ionosphere

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Electron‐phonon Interaction in Si Quantum Dots Interconnected with Thin Oxide Layers

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2005年第1期772卷 797-798页

作者： Shigeyasu Uno Nobuya Mori Kazuo Nakazato Nobuyoshi Koshida Hiroshi Mizuta *Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory Hitachi Europe Ltd. Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HE United Kingdom †CREST JST Shibuya TK Bldg. 3‐13‐11 Shibuya Shibuya‐ku Tokyo 150‐0002 Japan **Department of Electronic Engineering Osaka University 2‐1 Yamada‐oka Suita Osaka 565‐0871 Japan ‡Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo‐cho Chikusa‐ku Nagoya 464‐8603 Japan §Division of Electronic and Information Engineering Faculty of Technology Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo 184 Japan ¶Department of Physical Electronics Tokyo Institute of Technology 2‐12‐1 O‐okayama Meguro‐ku Tokyo 152‐8552 Japan

The electron‐phonon interaction in one‐dimensional array of Si dots interconnected with oxide layers is theoretically examined. The folded electron/phonon energy dispersion relations and rigorous phonon normal mode calculation are incorporated. The acoustic deformation potential scattering is weakened due to the strain absorption by the oxide layers. Electron energy loss is strongly suppressed near the bottom of a miniband due to restriction of high‐energy phonon emission.

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THz Quantum Semiconductor Devices

THz Quantum Semiconductor Devices

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20th Congress of the International Commission for Optics

作者： M.Wchter Z.R.Wasilewski M.Buchanan G.C.Aers A.J.SpringThorpe B.S.Williams Institute for Microstructural Sciences National Research Council Ottawa K1A 0R6 Canada Institute for Microstructural Sciences National Research Council Ottawa K1A 0R6 Canada Institute for Microstructural Sciences National Research Council Ottawa K1A 0R6 Canada Institute for Microstructural Sciences National Research Council Ottawa K1A 0R6 Canada Institute for Microstructural Sciences National Research Council Ottawa K1A 0R6 Canada Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA

Terahertz (1 – 10 THz) quantum-well photodetectors and quantum-cascade lasers have been investigated. The design and projected detector performance are presented together with experimental results on

关键词： THz Quantum Semiconductor Devices AlGaAs Quantum

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Monte-Carlo simulation of the effects of vacuum ultraviolet radiation on electronic materials

Monte-Carlo simulation of the effects of vacuum ultraviolet ...

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IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuit Design and technology (ICICDT)

作者： G.S. Upadhyaya J.L. Shohet J.L. Lauer Plasma Processing & Technology Laboratory and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison Madison WI USA

Radiation induced damage during the plasma processing of semiconductor materials adversely affects device reliability. Our group has shown in the past that Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) radiation (10nm-200nm) can beneficially deplete the charge deposited on the surface of the semiconductor by temporarily increasing the conductivity of the dielectric. The increase in conductivity has mainly been attributed to the generation of photoemission current and formation of electron hole pairs in the dielectric. In this paper, we discuss the steps involved in developing a model for VUV-semiconductor dielectric interactions based on the well-known Monte Carlo method. The statistical information obtained from this simulation will be compared to the experimental values obtained by exposing silicon nitride wafers to synchrotron radiation of energy 20eV. The simulation predicts the surface potential on the wafer due to photoemission. Experimentally measured surface potentials on the dielectric are used to check the validity of the simulation. Of the different process that can occur when a photon is incident on an atom, we concentrate mainly on photoemission of an electron. Consequently, the elastic and inelastic scattering events experienced by the electron during the course of its motion inside the dielectric are also considered. A modified form of the screened Rutherford formula, which approximates the Mott cross-section, as developed by Browning et. al., has been applied in this simulation. Initial simulation results will be presented.

关键词： Photoelectricity Semiconductor materials Conductivity Electrons Conducting materials Dielectric materials plasma devices plasma materials processing plasma simulation Materials reliability

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