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Toluene Processed All-polymer Solar Cells with 18%Efficiency and Enhanced Stability Enabled by Solid Additive:Comparison Between Sequential-Processing and Blend-Casting

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 247-254页

作者： Guoping Zhang Chaoyue Zhao Liangxiang Zhu Lihong Wang Wenzhao Xiong Huawei Hu Qing Bai Yaping Wang Chen Xie Peng You He Yan Dan Wu Tao Yang Mingxia Qiu Shunpu Li Guangye Zhang College of New Materials and New Energies Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118China Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Center for Advanced Low-dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Julong College Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118China

The emergence of polymerized small molecule acceptors(PSMAs)has significantly improved the performance of all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs).However,the pace of device engineering lacks behind that of materials development,so that a majority of the PSMAs have not fulfilled their ***,most high-performance all-PSCs rely on the use of chloroform as the processing *** instance,the recent highperformance PSMA,named PJ1-γ,with high LUMO,and HOMO levels,could only achieve a PCE of 16.1%with a high-energy-level donor(JD40)using ***,we present a methodology combining sequential processing(SqP)with the addition of 0.5%wt PC_(71)BM as a solid additive(SA)to achieve an impressive efficiency of 18.0%for all-PSCs processed from toluene,an aromatic hydrocarbon *** to the conventional blend-casting(BC)method whose best efficiency(16.7%)could only be achieved using chloroform,the SqP method significantly boosted the device efficiency using toluene as the processing *** addition,the donor we employ is the classic PM6 that has deeper energy levels than JD40,which provides low energy loss for the *** compare the results with another PSMA(PYF-T-o)with the same ***,an improved photostability of the SqP devices with the incorporation of SA is demonstrated.

关键词： all-polymers solar cells sequential processing solid additive

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Process Simulation of Carbon Dioxide Gas Stream Dehydration from Flue Gas

Research Square

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Research Square 2024年

作者： Rahman, Md. Shafiur Aich, Jotirmoy Basak, Roni Islam, Md. Mirazul Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet3114 Bangladesh

Since many decades, global warming & subsequent sea level rise has been a major issue for the nations. Flue gas from fossil fuel burning industrial processes have always been a prime contributor to carbon footprint. Recent approaches to mitigate this issue include the application of carbon capture & sequestration (CCS) in fossil fuel-burning power plants. In this work, ASPEN HYSYS software was used to simulate the dehydration of a CO2-containing flue gas stream to look into potential process improvements. The dehydration technique is conducted to prevent corrosion and hydrate buildup in pipelines. Having a maximum water content of 200 ppmv was the objective dried stream purity. Glycol package has been used as a thermodynamic property package to simulate the process. Water removal & solvent regeneration have been considered the main building blocks for this process. Parameters investigated in this study were water removal rate, dehydrated gas purity, solvent circulation rate etc. Higher solvent circulation rate (>15 kg mole/h) does not decrease water content or water flow rate in dehydrated gas stream. This study revealed that improving the reboiler temperature, solvent circulation rate increases the water removal rate. On the other side, raising the feed gas temperature, the solvent circulation rate, and the absorber pressure reduces dehydration performance. Case study on the effect of temperature & pressure suggest lower feed gas temperature (0C) & higher feed gas pressure (>5800kPa) favors dehydration performance. Solvent regeneration has been identified as the major energy-consuming process where energy consumption can be further reduced by changing process chemistry. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Flue gases

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Poly(thioether)-b-polysiloxane-b-poly(thioether)triblock copolymer towards homogeneous dielectric elastomer with high dielectric performance

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Chinese chemical Letters 2022年第8期33卷 4021-4025页

作者： Zhanbin Feng Jiafang Guo Suting Liu Guofei Feng Xing-Hong Zhang MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Chemical Engineering Weifang Vocational CollegeWeifang 262737China

Dielectric elastomers(DEs)have drawn much attention owing to their application prospects in artificial muscles and soft robotics,it is still a big challenge to prepare DEs with high electromechanical *** work reports a highly stretchable poly(thioether)-b-polysiloxane-b-poly(thioether)triblock copolymer based homogenous DEs with high electromechanical *** triblock copolymer(PSiPGE)was synthesized through the ring-opening polymerization(ROP)of phenyl glycidyl ether(PGE)and carbonyl sulfide(COS)catalyzed by silicon *** dipoles(benzene rings)on the side groups of PSiPGE improved the dipole polarizations and the phase separation structure of this triblock copolymer enhanced the interfacial polarizations between poly(thioether)and polysiloxane,and thus improving the dielectric constant(ε',up to 5.8).In addition,the PSiPGE exhibited low elastic modulus(Y,0.04 MPa),and thus possessed high electromechanical sensitivity(β,~145 MPa^(-1)) which is much higher than that of most homogenous *** work provides a new strategy to construct homogenous DEs with excellent electromechanical performances,leading to a greater application aspect in the actuated devices.

关键词： Poly(thioether)-b-polysiloxane-bpoly(thioether)triblock copolymer Homogenous Dielectric elastomer Phase separation Electromechanical performance

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Highly Thermally Stable, Highly Electrolyte-Wettable Hydroxyapatite/Cellulose Nanofiber Hybrid Separators for Lithium-Ion Batteries

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ACS Applied Energy Materials 2023年第7期6卷 3862-3871页

作者： Liu, Yi Li, Chunxing Li, Chao Liang, Zhenye Hu, Xueshan Liu, Hao Zhang, Ze Cui, Meng Chen, Gang Wan, Jiayu Zhang, Xiangwu Tao, Jinsong State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou510640 China SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Fiber and Polymer Science Program Department of Textile Engineering Chemistry and Science Wilson College of Textiles North Carolina State University RaleighNC27695-8301 United States

Separators have an important influence on the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, traditional polyolefin-based separators suffer from poor thermal stability and weak electrolyte wettability. Here, by using hydroxyapatite (HAP) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) as raw materials, we fabricated a unique HAP/CNF hybrid separator. The separators exhibit excellent thermal properties, with high thermal stability (up to 250 °C) and outstanding flame retardancy. The separators also demonstrate excellent electrolyte wettability. Compared to polypropylene (PP) separators, the HAP/CNF separators show a smaller contact angle with electrolytes, 17.2° for HAP/CNF and 45.5° for PP. Meanwhile, the HAP/CNF separators illustrate an excellent smoothness of 68.0 nm. In addition, the batteries assembled with the hybrid separators display a better performance compared with the batteries assembled with commercial PP separators. The raw materials are green, and the fabrication processes are free of organic solvents. We envision that the HAP/CNF hybrid separator could be a promising separator candidate for next-generation high-safety and high-performance LIBs. © 2023 American chemical Society.

关键词： Thermodynamic stability

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Fine and ultrafine particle- and gas-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons affecting southern Thailand air quality during transboundary haze and potential health effects

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2023年第2期124卷 253-267页

作者： Napawan Mahasakpan Phatsarakorn Chaisongkaew Muanfun Inerb Nobchonnee Nim Worradorn Phairuang Surajit Tekasakul Masami Furuuchi Mitsuhiko Hata Thaniya Kaosol Perapong Tekasakul Racha Dejchanchaiwong Air Pollution and Health Effect Research Center Prince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90110Thailand Energy Technology Program Faculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90110Thailand Faculty of Environmental Management Prince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90110Thailand Department of Geography Faculty of Social SciencesChiang Mai UniversityMuangChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90110Thailand Faculty of Geoscience and Civil Engineering Institute of Science and EngineeringKanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawaIshikawa 920-1192Japan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90110Thailand Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Faculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90110Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringPrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiSongkhla 90110Thailand

Distribution of PM_(0.1),PM_(1) and PM_(2.5) particle-and gas-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)during the 2019 normal,partial and strong haze periods at a background location in southern Thailand were investigated to understand the behaviors and carcinogenic ***1 was the predominant component,during partial and strong haze periods,accounting for 45.1% and 52.9% of total suspended particulate matter,respectively,while during normal period the contribution was only 34.0%.PM_(0.1) concentrations,during the strong haze period,were approximately 2 times higher than those during the normal *** increased levels of particle-PAHs for PM_(0.1),PM_(1) and PM_(2.5) were observed during strong haze period,about 3,5 and 6 times higher than those during normal ***-PAH concentrations were 10 to 36 times higher than those of particle-PAHs for PM_(2.5).Average total Benzo[a]Pyrene Toxic Equivalency Quotients(BaP-TEQ)in PM_(0.1),PM_(1) and PM_(2.5) during haze periodswere about 2–6 times higher than in the normal *** total accumulated Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risks(ILCRs)in PM_(0.1),PM_(1) and PM_(2.5) for all the age-specific groups during the haze effected scenario were approximately 1.5 times higher than those in nonhaze scenario,indicating a higher potential carcinogenic *** observations suggest PM_(0.1),PM_(1) and PM_(2.5) were the significant sources of carcinogenic aerosols and were significantly affected by transboundary haze from peatland *** leads to an increase in the volume of smoke aerosol,exerting a significant impact on air quality in southern Thailand,as well as many other countries in lower southeast Asia.

关键词： Particle-PAH Gas-PAH Ultrafine particle Health risk Source identification

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Myths of nuclear graphite in World War II, with original translations

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The European Physical Journal H 2025年第1期50卷 1-22页

作者： Park, Patrick J. Herzele, Sebastian Koeth, Timothy W. Program on Science and Global Security Princeton University Princeton USA College of Polymer Engineering HTL Bregenz Bregenz Austria Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College Park USA

We re-examine a common narrative that experimental errors by Walther Bothe in 1941 led Germany to abandon graphite as a reactor moderator during World War II. Using document-based nuclear archaeology, we first show that both American and German scientists used an incorrect carbon scattering cross section, thereby undermining the accuracy of all wartime data, including their conclusions on carbon’s absorption. Moreover, we argue that the availability of exceptionally pure petroleum coke in the United States, rather than any academic breakthrough, decisively enabled their production of nuclear-grade graphite. In contrast, Bothe’s Siemens electrographite had more boron contamination than any graphites considered in Fermi’s experiments, rendering it genuinely impractical as a moderator. By reframing the decision to eschew graphite as a deliberate decision rather than a mere experimental oversight, we believe the German decision was a rational consequence of material constraints and wartime priorities.

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A Bioinspired Strategy Toward UV Absorption Enhancement of Melaninlike polymers for Sun Protection

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第10期5卷 2389-2402页

作者： Zhen Yang Jianhua Zhang Huijie Liu Junfei Hu Xianheng Wang Wanjie Bai Wei Zhang Ye Yang Zhipeng Gu Yiwen Li State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065 State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamenFujian 361005 Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery The Department of AnesthesiologyCritical Care and Pain MedicineBoston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts 02115

Due to the complexity of the structure within melanin and synthetic polymers(i.e.,polydopamine,PDA),it is a challenge to regulate the ultraviolet(UV)*** nature,melanocytes can biosynthesize more pheomelanins than eumelanins via protein and gene overexpression for photoprotection when the UV irradiation is *** this biosynthetic pathway,L-cystine,transported by xCT gene,can be involved to form a new monomer structure incorporating a benzothiazole group,finally resulting in the formation of UV absorption-enhanced *** by this,we have proposed a facile strategy to regulate the UV absorption of PDA by introducing the benzimidazole(BI)unit through the thiol-Michael addition reaction during the polymerization *** was further found that the introduction of BI units not only significantly increased the content of chromophores and auxochromes,but also effectively restricted the red-shift of the absorption spectrum via interrupting the conjugated microstructure within PDA,both of which contribute to UV absorption *** UV absorption-enhanced PDA nanoparticles could be used to fabricate bio-inspired sunscreens for efficient sun *** work will provide a facile strategy to regulate UV absorption of melanin-like materials and open new horizons for the design and construction of bioinspired sunscreens.

关键词： melanin sun protection polydopamine UV absorption

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Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christopher E.Stevens Christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized E–P *** E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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Integrated microalgae culture with food processing waste for wastewater remediation and enhanced biomass productivity

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Chinese chemical Letters 2023年第2期34卷 636-643页

作者： Angela Paul Peter Kit Wayne Chew Apurav Krishna Koyande Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh Amit Bhatnagar Yang Tao Chihe Sun Fubao Sun Zengling Ma Pau Loke Show Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China Study Program of Chemistry Department of Chemistry EducationFaculty of Mathematics and Science EducationUniversitas Pendidikan IndonesiaBandung 40154Indonesia Department of Separation Science LUT School of Engineering ScienceLUT UniversitySammonkatu 12FI 50130MikkeliFinland College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Department of Sustainable Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSIMATSChennai 602105India

Waste generation from food manufacturing facilities poses a serious hazard like environmental degradation, water pollution, and land pollution due to its high nutrient composition. Specifically, solid waste(powder) disposal requires additional energy sources in terms of scientific treatment, structured collection, and disposal packaging according to the safety regulation. Thus, this research discusses the viewpoint of integrating food processing waste as an organic carbon source with BG-11 medium for Chlorella vulgaris(FSP-E) growth. The food processing waste powders investigated in this study were obtained from milk, and biscuit manufacturing facilities. The culture medium was modified by combining both BG-11 and food processing waste powders to identify the optimal algal growth and biochemical *** to the microalgae grown in BG-11 alone(IBG), the combination of biscuit waste and IBG produced higher biomass concentration(44%), with increased lipid(11%), protein(20%), and carbohydrate(57%) contents. Chlorella vulgaris was able to uptake nutrients from the culture medium with combination of food processing waste and IBG thus enhancing its growth. The results obtained also indicate that an integrated culture system using food processing waste and synthetic sources can generate energy out of waste by improving the bio-composition of the microalgae biomass.

关键词： Medium contamination Food processing Waste powder Organic medium Waste remediation

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Facile Blending Strategy for Boosting the Conjugated polymer Semiconductor Transistor’s Mobility

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ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 2023年第46期15卷 53755-53764页

作者： Chen, Mei-Nung Ke, Chun-Yao Nyayachavadi, Audithya Zhao, Haoyu Ocheje, Michael U. Mooney, Madison Li, Yen-Ting Gu, Xiaodan Liou, Guey-Sheng Rondeau-Gagné, Simon Chiu, Yu-Cheng Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology No.43 Sec. 4 Keelung Rd Taipei City10607 Taiwan Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering National Taiwan University No.1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei City10617 Taiwan Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Advanced Materials Centre of Research University of Windsor WindsorONN9B 3P4 Canada School of Polymer Science and Engineering Center for Optoelectronic Materials and Device The University of Southern Mississippi HattiesburgMS39406 United States

The optimization of field-effect mobility in polymer field-effect transistors (FETs) is a critical parameter for advancing organic electronics. Today, many challenges still persist in understanding the roles of the design and processing of semiconducting polymers toward electronic performance. To address this, a facile approach to solution processing using blends of PDPP-TVT and PTPA-3CN is developed, resulting in a 3.5-fold increase in hole mobility and retained stability in electrical performance over 3 cm2 V-1 s-1 after 20 weeks. The amorphous D-A conjugated structure and strong intramolecular polarity of PTPA-3CN are identified as major contributors to the observed improvements in mobility. Additionally, the composite analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the flash differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique showed a uniform distribution and was well mixed in binary polymer systems. This mobility enhancement technique has also been successfully applied to other polymer semiconductor systems, offering a new design strategy for blending-type organic transistor systems. This blending methodology holds great promise for the practical applications of OFETs. © 2023 American chemical Society.

关键词： Blending

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