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International Joint Conference on Mechanics, Design engineering and Advanced Manufacturing, JCM 2022

作者： Marzullo, Domenico Motyl, Barbara Vaglio, Emanuele Filippi, Stefano Scalzo, Federico Totis, Giovanni Sortino, Marco Imbriani, Vito Mazzone, Giuseppe You, Jeong-Ha Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Via Alfonso Valerio 6/1 Trieste34127 Italy Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Udine Via delle Scienze 206 Udine33100 Italy Consorzio CREATE Via Claudio 21 Napoli80125 Italy ENEA Fusion and Technology for Nuclear Safety and Security Department ENEA C. R. Frascati via E. Fermi 45 Frascati00044 Italy Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics Boltzmann Street 2 Garching85748 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031159275

The aim of this work is to describe some experiences of additive manufacturing - AM - for nuclear fusion applications. In this paper, a first case study is introduced concerning the realization of a scale prototype of an in-vessel component for tokamak nuclear fusion reactors, a wishbone of the deflector made in Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The 3D model of the wishbone component was designed, optimized with simulation, and then fabricated using AM in collaboration with the Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronics - LAMA FVG - and researchers at the University of Udine. For the construction of the prototype, a SLM machine using powder bed metal laser melting was used. The design, simulation and fabrication activities of the AM mock-up are presented in this paper, discussing the main limitations and possibilities arising from the 3D printing of titanium alloy. In addition, a further scale prototype of the wishbone was produced using conventional milling techniques, allowing an economic comparison and evaluation of the two manufacturing processes. The prototypes will then be used for a future evaluation of the mechanical properties of this material (Ti-6Al-4V), first on material samples and then on the mock-ups, under irradiations conditions, due to nuclear fusion applications. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Aluminum alloys

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Low temperature plasma carburizing of additive manufactured 316 L steel: the effect of treatment time on tribological behavior

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Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2025年 36卷 9962-9977页

作者： S. Kaciulis A. Lanzutti A. Mezzi R. Montanari A. Palombi N. Picco E. Vaglio A. Varone C. Verona ISMN-CNR P.O. Box 10 Monterotondo Stazione 00015 Rome Italy Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Udine Via delle Scienze 208 33100 Udine Italy Department of Industrial Engineering University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Roma Italy

A low temperature (∼475 °C) plasma assisted carburizing treatment has been employed to improve the tribological behavior of 316 L steel manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF). The treatments have been carried out in a carburizing atmosphere consisting of 2.5 % CH 4 + 97.5 % H 2 with increasing treatment time, from 30 to 120 min. For all the treatments, the result is the formation of a layer of expanded austenite (S-phase), responsible for surface hardening. If the treatment time is longer than 90 min, an overlayer of Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) has been observed on the surface. Wear tests in pin-on-flat (POF) mode at room temperature with applied loads of 10 N and 20 N have been employed to identify the treatment conditions leading to the optimal wear resistance. The wear resistance of all the samples resulted to be greater than the one of the not treated material, but it is negatively affected by the formation of the DLC overlayer. In fact, due to its hardness and brittleness, it detaches from the surface during the wear tests and contributes to increasing the wear rate. The best tradeoff is a 90 min treatment leading to the formation of a ∼25 μm thick S-phase layer without the deposition of DLC. In this treatment condition, the wear rate is about 20 times lower than the one of the not treated 316L steel produced by L-PBF and tested in the same conditions.

关键词： 316 L steel Laser powder bed fusion Plasma assisted low temperature carburizing Wear Microstructure Surface hardening

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Communications in Transportation Research:Vision and scope

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Communications in Transportation Research 2021年第1期1卷 1-2页

作者： Xiaobo Qu Shuaian Wang Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chalmers University of Technology41296GothenburgSweden Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongChina

Transportation is a vibrant,practical and public-oriented field that has undergone rapid and sustained ***,this growth was largely due to urbanization and increased trade and travel between countries and regions across the *** most research universities worldwide,transportation engineering,as a sub-discipline under civil engineering,mainly analyses relationships among travelers,vehicles,transport infrastructure,and environment,using highly aggregated data(e.g.,origin-destination matrix,traffic volume,speed,density).In recent years,thanks to the rapid advancement in data collection and processing(e.g.,high-resolution individualized real-time data),vehicular technologies(e.g.,connected,automated and electric vehicles),and computational and communication enhancement(e.g.,real time automatic control,cloud and edge computing),transportation engineering keeps expanding its borders,encompassing more and more emerging interdisciplinary components(e.g.,shared mobility,modular vehicles,flying cars,hyperloop,boring).Not surprisingly,more and more researchers with a diverse background are involved in transportation related studies,including but not limited to computer science,mechanical engineering,electrical engineering,control engineering,psychology,urban planning,business,*** is because transportation is essentially interdependent with a number of other large-scale systems,including electricity grid(e.g.,via electric vehicles),communication networks(e.g.,via connected vehicles),emergency management systems(e.g.,via emergency vehicles),and even societal systems(e.g.,via residential development and house valuation),which overhauls human mobility/travel behaviors,infrastructure systems,and societal ***,our next generation urban mobility system will become a system of multiple *** believe that the future transport discipline can be characterized as an inter-disciplinary system of systems with emerging components that are enabled and

关键词： travel journal transportation

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Low-carbon recycling of engineering muck through rice husk ash: A multiscale study of stabilization mechanisms

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Construction and Building Materials 2025年 483卷

作者： Jiang, Xunli Wang, Jiawei Leng, Zhen Luo, Xue Zhejiang University College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Hangzhou China Swansea University Department of Chemical Engineering Bay Campus SwanseaSA1 8EN United Kingdom The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong

With the increasing utilization of underground space, engineering muck has become a potential urban risk. This study employed a "waste-to-waste" strategy to promote its low-carbon recycling by using rice husk ash (RHA) as a stabilizer, with a focus on elucidating the stabilization mechanisms through multi-scale analysis. The results showed that RHA synergized with cement, enhancing unconfined compressive strength and water stability, while reducing the specific surface area and swelling potential of the engineering muck. The optimal RHA dosage was found to be between 4 % and 6 %, with cement content ranging from 3 % to 9 %. The multi-scale analysis demonstrated that the stabilization mechanisms of RHA-cement stabilized soil were governed by two main factors: structural enhancement and surface modification, both of which were driven by the promotion of novel hydration products through the incorporation of RHA. Specifically, the needle-like and columnar minerals effectively filled soil pores, forming a dense, robust skeletal structure that enhanced the mechanical properties of the stabilized soil. Meanwhile, the honeycomb-like C-S-H gel adhered to soil particle surfaces, repairing cracks and reinforcing interparticle bonding, thus improving the overall structural integrity. AFM analysis further revealed that the honeycomb-like C-S-H gel consisted of rod-like nanoparticles that were regularly arranged on the soil surface. This feature increased surface roughness, reduced fractal dimensions, and created a multi-scale structure of micro-papillae and nano-hairs with a "lotus leaf effect," significantly enhancing the hydrophobic properties of the soil. © 2025

关键词： Compressive strength

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From Ancient Remedies to Modern Contraptions: Tracing the Evolution of Biocompatible Materials

From Ancient Remedies to Modern Contraptions: Tracing the Ev...

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International Workshop on engineering Methodologies for Medicine and Sports, EMMS 2024

作者： Marin, Elia Basoli, Valentina Ceramic Physics Laboratory Kyoto Institute of Technology Sakyo-ku Matsugasaki Kyoto606-8585 Japan Department of Dental Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kamigyo-ku Kyoto602-8566 Japan Department Polytechnic of Engineering and Architecture University of Udine Udine33100 Italy Biomedical Research Center Kyoto Institute of Technology Sakyo-ku Matsugasaki Kyoto606-8585 Japan Department of Biomedical Engineering Basel University Allschwil4123 Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031637544

This conference proceeding focuses on the evolution of the concept of biocompatibility, exploring its journey from ancient times to the present day. Evidence points to the use of biomaterials as far back as 5,000 years ago, showcasing early attempts to address medical challenges. Notably gold, which is biologically inert, emerged as a key biomaterial, utilized since the first millennium BC for fixing skull bones and teeth. But it would not take much longer for humanity to start making use of what we now consider bioactive materials, such as calcium carbonate from seashells as well as dentin and enamel harvested from animal sources or even other humans. Surprisingly, the formal definition of biomaterials remained rather vague until the latter half of the 20th century, with the first, comprehensive and widely accepted definition emerging only in 1991. This definition, which comprised both inert and bioactive substances, also emphasized the importance of improving the patients’ quality of life, something that was generally neglected until at least the end 19th century. This retrospective analysis investigates the historical and biological foundations of biocompatibility, tracing its progression from ancient applications rooted in empirical knowledge to the advanced medical implants of the modern era. By understanding this evolution, we gain insights into the foundations and challenges that have shaped and still shape the field of biomaterials science: "what makes a material biocompatible", "how well will it perform over time" and "how much can still be done to improve its biocompatibility" being just a few examples. But the most difficult challenge, from a human and scientific point of view would probably be to accept that "there is no such a thing as a biocompatible material". © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Biocompatibility

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The Computational Intelligence application for assessing the technical state of a multi-storey building damaged by an explosion 4

The Computational Intelligence application for assessing the...

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4th IEEE KhPI Week on Advanced Technology, KhPI Week 2023

作者： Kaliukh, Iurii Vasylenko, Vladyslav Berchun, Yaroslav Vapnichna, Viktoriia Sedin, Volodymyr Tytarenko, Olha Department of Natural Resources Institute of Telecommunications and Global Information Space of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine Department of Complex Research Institute of Telecommunications and Global Information Space of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine Department of Geoengineering National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" Kyiv Ukraine Department of Engineering Geology and Geotechnics State Higher Education Institution "Prydniprovskа State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture" Dnipro Ukraine Department of Digital Technologies in Energy Industry National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" Kyiv Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395532

Since the accident risk and the technical state uncertainty degree of the object supporting frame are closely related concepts, the accident risk assessment should be carried out with an application a logical-probabilistic approach based on the probability theory theorems (hypothesis theorem, total probability theorem etc.), methods of fuzzy set theory, fuzzy logic techniques and methods of decision-making under uncertainty. To determine these values, the accident risk distribution law should be applied as an integral indicator for the building object structural safety level. To determine the structure reliability level based on its parameters deviations from the project as identified on an expertise basis, a rule based on the linguistic variable "very" is used. The detailed examination of the multi-storey building at 6A Lobanovskyi Avenue in Kyiv damaged by an explosion due to a missile hit was carried out using the fuzzy logic and linguistic variable "very" and allowed to establish that the building structures within the 18-26 storeys had the following main destructions and damage: the pylon in 2/I axes was completely destroyed and collapsed to a height of 18...21 storeys, the pylon surviving part at the level of 22...26 storeys hung without support etc. The calculations data indicated the need to strengthen the building damaged pylons. The building final technical state was assessed as the "4" emergency level in some areas of the 18-20 building storeys and as the "3" level of unsuitability for normal operation at the 17-27 building storeys level. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Fuzzy logic

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Research on safety risk evaluation model of bridge construction based on analytic hierarchy process

Research on safety risk evaluation model of bridge construct...

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2021 International Conference on Information Technology and Intelligent Control, CITIC 2021

作者： Wu, Changqing Yan, Yu Yang, Sijie Huang, Yuxin Ren, Xueying Wu, Hui Dong, E. Zhu, Siyue Department of Engineering Management School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan430023 China Xianning Transportation Bureau Xianning437199 China

Bridges are the key to connecting the entire highway, directly affecting the economic and social benefits of the highway. In recent years, China's highway bridges have faced such phenomena as frequent traffic accidents caused by heavy traffic, high vehicle loads, and fast speeds, and the severity of accidents has become worse. It is imperative to evaluate the safety of bridges. Bridge safety risk assessment is an important means to effectively prevent and reduce traffic accidents. Based on the in-depth analysis of the influencing factors of bridge construction safety, this paper determines the impact of bridge construction safety evaluation index system, on this basis, adopts the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), establishes a bridge construction safety risk evaluation model based on the AHP, proposes the impact the key factors of bridge construction safety, and provides a reference for improving the bridge construction safety in China. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Analytic hierarchy process

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Topology optimization for stationary fluid-structure interaction problems with turbulent flow

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Picelli, Renato Ranjbarzadeh, Shahin Sivapuram, Raghavendra dos Santos Gioria, Rafael Silva, Emílio Carlos Nelli Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo SP Brazil Department of Mechatronics and Mechanical Systems Engineering Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo SP Brazil Structural Engineering Department University of California San DiegoCA United States Department of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo SP Brazil

Topology optimization methods face serious challenges when applied to structural design with fluid-structure interaction (FSI) loads, specially for high Reynolds fluid flow. This paper devises an explicit boundary method that employs separate analysis and optimization grids in FSI systems. A geometry file is created after extracting a smooth contour from a set of binary design variables that defines the structural design. The FSI problem can then be modeled with accurate physics and explicitly defined regions. The Finite Element Method is used to solve the fluid and structural domains. This is the first work to consider a turbulent flow in the fluid-structure topology optimization framework. The fluid flow is solved considering the k−Ε turbulence model including standard wall functions at the fluid and fluid-structure boundaries. The structure is considered to be linearly elastic. Semi-automatic differentiation is employed to compute sensitivities and an optimization problem using binary design variables is solved via sequential integer linear programming. The fluid loading is linearly interpolated in order to provide the sensitivities of the fluid flow on the fluid-structure interfaces. Results show that the proposed methodology is able to provide structural designs with smooth boundaries considering loads from low and high Reynolds flow. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Structural design

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Fluorescence-Based Approach for Monitoring Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (PFOS) During Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Adsorption

Fluorescence-Based Approach for Monitoring Perfluorooctanoic...

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International Conference on Wider-Uptake of Water Resource Recovery from Wastewater Treatment, ICWRR 2024

作者： Marino, Luigi Gagliano, Erica Sgroi, Massimiliano Anumol, Tarun Snyder, Shane A. Korshin, Gregory Roccaro, Paolo Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Catania Viale A. Doria 6 Catania Italy Department of Civil Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Genoa Via all’Opera Pia 15 Genoa Italy Department of Science and Engineering of Materials Environment and Urban Planning-SIMAU Marche Polytechnic University Via Brecce Bianche 12 Ancona60131 Italy Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Arizona 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way TucsonAZ85721 United States Nanyang Technological University Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute 1 Cleantech Loop CleanTech One #06-08 Singapore637141 Singapore Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Washington Box 352700 SeattleWA98195-2700 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031633522

This study explores the GAC adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), that stands out as the most frequently produced and detected compounds belonging to the class of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Experiments were performed on three distinct wastewaters (WW-1, WW-2, WW-3) employing rapid small scale column tests (RSSCTs). RSSCTs were carried out at the same empty bed contact time (EBCT) using a commercially available GAC. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was used to deconvolute fluorescence EEMs. Four independent PARAFAC components were found. High linear correlations were found between the PFAS breakthrough and the breakthrough of the PARAFAC components during the GAC process for WW-1, WW-2 and WW-3. In particular, the PARAFAC component C3, representative of the protein tryptophan-like fluorescence region, lead to high accuracy prediction models of PFOA and PFOS breakthough. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Fluorescence

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Electrochromic window integration in adaptive building envelopes in different climates: A genetic optimization of switchable glazing parameters to reduce energy consumptions in office buildings 8

Electrochromic window integration in adaptive building envel...

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8th International Building Physics Conference, IBPC 2021

作者： Carlucci, F. Cannavale, A. Fiorito, F. Department of Civil Environmental Land Building Engineering and Chemistry Polytechnic University of Bari Bari70125 Italy Department of Sciences in Civil Engineering and Architecture Polytechnic University of Bari Bari70125 Italy Via Monteroni Lecce73100 Italy

During last decades, many efforts have been made to address challenges regarding building energy consumption. A particularly interesting and effective field of development in the building domain is represented by responsive technologies applied to transparent envelopes. Among these technologies, the electrochromic (EC) glazing is one of the most developed solutions thanks to its capability to dynamically modulate daylight and thermal radiation, simply applying a controlled external voltage. The aim of this study is to provide a methodology to analyse smart responsive technologies and optimize the properties of an ideal switchable glazing to find the best configuration for a medium office in different climatic zones. The genetic optimization considers a 5-elements genome, constituted of the following genes: i) solar heat gain coefficient in bleached (SHGCB) and ii) coloured state (SHGCC), iii) visible light transmittance in bleached (VLTB) and iv) coloured state (VLTC) and v) thermal transmittance (U). Moreover, different European cities were selected as representative of different climatic zones and results obtained give a set of ideal EC glazing configurations in the case of EC window controlled by daylighting sensors. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Office buildings

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