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Efficient, secure and green future scenarios: An application of foresight methodologies on seaports digitalisation

Research in Transportation Business and Management 2025年 61卷

作者： Attanasio, Giovanna Battistella, Cinzia Chizzolini, Elia University of Udine Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture via delle Scienze 206 Udine 33100 Italy

The relentless progression of digitalisation permeates every sector, including maritime and transport industries. This study explores the digitalisation landscape expected to evolve over the next decade, with a particular focus on its impact on ports. Employing a combination of Delphi and Roadmapping analyses, it seeks to identify the most probable, impactful, and desirable scenarios. The findings give insight on two principal aspects: they identify the digitalisation trends most related and impactful to future ports, and they provide guidance on which technologies to prioritise, also providing their phased implementation to achieve specific scenarios over time. The research is structured around three alternative scenarios: efficiency-driven, security-oriented, and green-centric, each with distinct implications for port development and management. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Delphi Digitalisation Foresight Maritime transport Port Scenarios Technology roadmapping Trends

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Data-based nonlinear and stochastic dynamics

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The European Physical Journal Special Topics 2025年 1-5页

作者： Xu, Yong Kurths, Jürgen Li, Yongge Lenci, Stefano School of Mathematics and Statistics Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China Department of Physics Humboldt University Berlin Berlin Germany Department of Civil and Building Engineering and Architecture Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona Italy

This special issue compiles 20 contributions, covering a wide range of latest achievements on dynamical modeling, data-driven algorithms, response predictions, multiple practical applications, and inverse problems. Data science plays a crucial role, helping us constructing more accurate dynamical models that capture and reflect the true dynamical changes of a system. At the same time, data science is also a powerful tool for deriving exact solutions of a system. By integrating it with deep learning algorithms, we are able to effectively predict the system responses and successfully apply this in several applications, such as airfoil flutter, arm musculoskeletal system, financial market, and epidemiology. In addition, inverse problems also occupy a pivotal position. Faced with the existing rich data, how to use data to identify the parameters of the model is still a challenging topic worthy of our continued attention and in-depth exploration.

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A Novel Methodology for Identifying and Quantifying Losses in Wireless Power Transfer Systems

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IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics 2025年

作者： Segatti, Giulia Wang, Li Jia, Liang Yang, Liyu Tian, Qi Ursino, Mario Lakshmikanthan, Srikanth Saggini, Stefano Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Udine Udine33100 Italy University of Udine Italy Google LLC 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway Mountain ViewCA94043 United States

This study proposes a novel methodology for quantifying losses in wireless power transfer systems (WPTs). By employing a circuit model derived from just three finite element simulations (FEM), it enables the separation of loss contributions from the magnetic and mechanical components across all operating conditions. This streamlined approach proves highly effective, providing a thorough analysis with minimal computational effort, thereby facilitating the optimization of the part that represents the bottleneck for this type of application. A mobile phone test case was used because the charging power is limited by the rise in temperature on the receiver. Identifying the elements responsible for significant dissipation within the receiver system via conventional measurements proves practically infeasible due to the low power levels involved. Consequently, a finite element simulation is necessary for each operating condition. After presenting and demonstrating the methodology, the study illustrates the figure of merit (FOM), which provides insight into the quality of the receiver coil, identified as the most critical element of the charging system. A case study will offer a practical example of the methodology, verified with experimental measurements. © 2013 IEEE.

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Low-carbon recycling of engineering muck through rice husk ash: A multiscale study of stabilization mechanisms

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Construction and Building Materials 2025年 483卷

作者： Jiang, Xunli Wang, Jiawei Leng, Zhen Luo, Xue Zhejiang University College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Hangzhou China Swansea University Department of Chemical Engineering Bay Campus SwanseaSA1 8EN United Kingdom The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong

With the increasing utilization of underground space, engineering muck has become a potential urban risk. This study employed a "waste-to-waste" strategy to promote its low-carbon recycling by using rice husk ash (RHA) as a stabilizer, with a focus on elucidating the stabilization mechanisms through multi-scale analysis. The results showed that RHA synergized with cement, enhancing unconfined compressive strength and water stability, while reducing the specific surface area and swelling potential of the engineering muck. The optimal RHA dosage was found to be between 4 % and 6 %, with cement content ranging from 3 % to 9 %. The multi-scale analysis demonstrated that the stabilization mechanisms of RHA-cement stabilized soil were governed by two main factors: structural enhancement and surface modification, both of which were driven by the promotion of novel hydration products through the incorporation of RHA. Specifically, the needle-like and columnar minerals effectively filled soil pores, forming a dense, robust skeletal structure that enhanced the mechanical properties of the stabilized soil. Meanwhile, the honeycomb-like C-S-H gel adhered to soil particle surfaces, repairing cracks and reinforcing interparticle bonding, thus improving the overall structural integrity. AFM analysis further revealed that the honeycomb-like C-S-H gel consisted of rod-like nanoparticles that were regularly arranged on the soil surface. This feature increased surface roughness, reduced fractal dimensions, and created a multi-scale structure of micro-papillae and nano-hairs with a "lotus leaf effect," significantly enhancing the hydrophobic properties of the soil. © 2025

关键词： Compressive strength

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Digital twin for 3D interactive building operations: Integrating BIM, IoT-enabled building automation systems, AI, and mixed reality

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Automation in Construction 2025年 176卷

作者： Ma, Tianyou Xiao, Fu Zhang, Chong Zhang, Jing Zhang, Hanbei Xu, Kan Luo, Xiaowei Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong School of Architecture and Urban Planning Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Digital Twin (DT) technology has emerged as a next-generation smart building management solution, seamlessly bridging traditional Building Automation Systems (BAS) with Industry 4.0 innovations such as Building Information Modelling (BIM), artificial intelligence (AI), big data, Internet of Things (IoT), and Extended Reality (XR). However, current DT applications in building operations remain nascent, challenged by multi-source data integration, technology interoperability, and visualization interface development. This study proposes a five-layer DT architecture integrating BIM, BAS, IoT, AI, and MR for 3D interactive building operations, implemented on a typical floor of a high-rise office building incorporating its central air conditioning system. The DT demonstrated both on-site and remote capabilities, including BIM visualization, mapping and navigation, indoor environment monitoring, portable HVAC system monitoring and control, and AI-empowered optimization. These capabilities represent significant advantages in terms of operation management, work efficiency, operator experience and response speed. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Building Information Model

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Numerical simulation of diurnal and nocturnal impact of vegetated facades on microclimate

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Building and Environment 2025年 279卷

作者： Zhao, Yi Li, Ruibin Niu, Jianlei Shi, Xing Gao, Naiping School of Mechanical Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China School of architecture and urban planning Tongji University Shanghai201804 China

The intensification of urban heat island effects has made green infrastructure a priority in urban planning. Vegetated facades are gaining attention for their ability to regulate microclimates, offering a sustainable solution for mitigating heat accumulation and enhancing thermal comfort. This study employs numerical simulations to investigate the diurnal and nocturnal microclimate regulation mechanisms of indirect vegetated facades under summer conditions in a temperate oceanic climate, modeling facades with varying thicknesses and leaf area index (LAI) across different orientations, while also examining their potential to mitigate localized heat. Throughout the day, variations in meteorological parameters lead to a bidirectional regulation between vegetative growth parameters and surrounding microclimate factors. Especially, stomatal resistance is regulated in response to meteorological conditions. The efficacy of vegetation in regulating temperature and humidity varies by location and characteristics. On the sunny side, a 0.35 m thick layer with an LAI of 4 optimally regulates conditions, particularly at midday, while a high LAI on the leeward side can restrict airflow and reduce cooling. The thermal inertia of thicker vegetation stabilizes temperature fluctuations and boosts transpiration, effectively cooling the air and enhancing humidity during the daytime. At night, vegetation's radiative cooling and air's thermal buffering cause air temperature in the vegetation layer to exceed leaf temperature. However, when the vegetation layer thickness is held constant, a higher LAI is inversely correlated with transpiration rates. In summary, this study reveals the multifaceted regulatory mechanisms of vegetated facades in improving the microclimate, enhancing their potential application in climate adaptation strategies. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Urban planning

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Multi-degree-of-freedom decoupled mechanism for improving energy harvesting performance of wave energy converter

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Energy Conversion and Management 2025年 334卷

作者： Zhang, Yongxing Huang, Zhicong Bian, Jing Liu, Junwei Su, Ning Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering South China University of Technology China School of Civil Engineering Chongqing University China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Northeast Electric Power University China

The multi-degree-of-freedom wave energy converter (MDWEC) has attracted much attention due to its potential to efficiently harvest wave energy. However, current designs of MDWECs seldom consider coupled motions between the floating body and the power take-off (PTO), resulting in a loss of energy harvesting efficiency. To bridge this research gap, this paper explores the decoupled mechanism of active drive mechanical structures used for the MDWEC energy harvesting scenario. This decoupled mechanism enables the operating axes of PTOs to align one-to-one with the motion degree-of-freedom (DOF) of the floating body, thereby overcoming the energy harvesting efficiency limitations of the MDWEC caused by the coupled motion. To illustrate this idea, a novel multi-DOF decoupled wave energy converter (MDD-WEC) is presented according to real wave site conditions. A multi-physical-domain numerical model is developed. According to the Froude criterion, the reduced-scale prototype is constructed, and the numerical model test is performed in a wave tank. The proposed structure's motion response amplitudes obtained from wave tank experiments and numerical simulations under two irregular wave conditions showed relative errors below 5 %, confirming the numerical model's accuracy. Based on this, multi-PTO parameter analysis is subsequently performed to reveal the effects of different PTO configurations on the energy harvesting performance of the MDD-WEC. Benefiting from this characteristic, each PTO in the MDD-WEC can be independently optimized to absorb more wave energy according to wave conditions. The performance comparison results demonstrated that, compared with the point absorber WEC and the parallel configuration WEC with multi-DOF, the proposed MDD-WEC increases the capture width ratio (CWR) by 72.5 % and 39.3 % under regular wave conditions, respectively, and by 60.8 % and 32.9 % under irregular wave conditions. © 2025

关键词： Wave energy conversion

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Vanillin-based photoactive materials: A sustainable approach to antimicrobial solutions

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Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2025年 468卷

作者： Gover, Elisabetta Rondinella, Alfredo Marino, Marilena Brovedani, Asja Tavani, Alessandra Lopriore, Marco Alongi, Marilisa Manzocco, Lara Fedrizzi, Lorenzo Goi, Daniele Strazzolini, Paolo Comuzzi, Clara Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Udine Via del Scienze 206 Udine33100 Italy Department of Agricultural Food Environment and Animal Sciences University of Udine Via delle Scienze 206 Udine33100 Italy

Bacterial infections result in millions of fatalities each year globally, an issue exacerbated by the alarming rise in antibiotic-resistant pathogens. To combat the spread of these microorganisms, photodynamic inactivation strategies can be employed, which kill microbes by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) without leading to the development of resistance phenomena. Considering the challenges posed by microbial threats and the need for environmental sustainability, a polyimine matrix named VALPOL (VP) was developed using a lignin waste intermediate, vanillin. This matrix was doped with the photosensitizer (PS) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methylphenyl)-21H,23H-porphyrin (4MeP) to yield two photoactive materials containing 5 % (VP-5-F) and 10 % w/w (VP-10-F) of PS. The VP-based films underwent comprehensive characterization through FTIR spectrophotometry, DSC analysis, and SEM microscopy. Water absorption capacity, diffusion coefficient, film regeneration, and antimicrobial capabilities were also assessed. Following exposure to a blue LED lamp, the VP-doped matrices demonstrated significant antimicrobial efficacy, achieving up to a 3-Log reduction in Staphylococcus aureus viability. This effect was attributed to the material's ability to generate singlet oxygen via a photodynamic mechanism. Notably, the photokilling effect was enhanced with the reuse of the films, likely due to the morphological changes observed through SEM. The materials exhibited stability, resistance to operational conditions, and ease of molding, combined with light-activated antimicrobial properties, indicating their potential for diverse applications. This research highlights the promise of photoactive vanillin-based films as antimicrobial materials, aligning with sustainable principles in both the photodynamic disinfection method and the material itself. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Staphylococcus aureus

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A Novel GNSS Decentralized Cooperative Positioning Algorithm for Internet of Vehicles

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第9期12卷 12792-12802页

作者： Xie, Ting Huang, Fei Li, Fang Yao, Hexiong Ouyang, Mingjun Dai, Zhiqiang Zhu, Xiangwei Lin, Qianqiang Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Navigation and Communication Integration School of Electronics and Communication Engineering Shenzhen Campus Shenzhen518107 China Shenzhen University School of Architecture and Urban Planning Department of Urban Informatics Shenzhen518060 China Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University School of Electronics and Information Technology Guangzhou510665 China National University of Defense Technology National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on ATR College of Electronic Science and Technology Changsha410073 China

With cooperative positioning (CP) in Internet of Vehicles (IoV), the positioning performance can be improved by utilizing the positioning information provided by neighboring vehicles. However, in urban canyons, the CP performance based on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is severely degraded by multipath and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) effects, and a robust CP algorithm is required. This article proposes a GNSS decentralized CP (DCP) algorithm based on the generalized extreme studentized deviate test (GESD) filter. Further, a new two-stage CP framework is established, consisting of two modules, the independent and connected modules. The independent module is the first filter layer detection for GNSS pseudorange residual error, operating independently within each vehicle to mitigate the impact of abnormal measurements, such as multipath bias and satellite faults. When receiving data from neighboring vehicles, the connected module is activated to detect shared GNSS pseudorange errors and relative pseudorange measurements, further reducing the impact of anomalous measurements. The outdoor experiments validate the superiority of the DCP algorithm over the single-point positioning (SPP) method based on receiver autonomous integrity monitoring fault detection and exclusion (RAIM-FDE) in both GPS-only and GPS/BDS combination strategies, especially in blocked situations. The positioning root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the DCP algorithm for horizontal positioning is about 1.00 m in static scenes and about 8.00 m in dynamic scenes. Compared with the SPP-RAIM, the DCP algorithm can improve about 25.22%–43.04% and 16.55%–40.17% on average under GPS/BDS combination strategies in the horizontal and 3-D directions, respectively. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Mean square error

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A methodology for integrating the CIDOC-CRMba ontology into the IFC schema to support spatial analysis in archaeological heritage

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Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage 2025年 37卷

作者： Muñoz-Cádiz, Jesús Mariotti, Chiara Nespeca, Romina Bolognese, Letizia DICEA Department of Civil Engineering Construction and Architecture. Polytechnic University of Marche Via Brecce Bianche 12 Ancona 60131 Italy

The paper introduces a methodology for mapping the CIDOC-CRMba ontology into the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) schema to enhance building reuse. The methodology leverages semantic enrichment of three-dimensional (3D) reality-based objects, incorporating CIDOC-CRM relationships for advanced metadata. The proposed approach has been tested on the Roman Theater of Hadrianopolis in Sofratikë (Albania). The results demonstrate increased interoperability, semantic robustness, and scalability in Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) workflows when applying openBIM standards. Furthermore, the obtained IFC data library A²Heritage bridges the gap between object-based schemas and ontology-driven approaches, providing a standardized framework for managing cultural heritage (CH) data across disciplines. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： HBIM IFC schema Interoperability Ontology Spatial analysis

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