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Fenofibrate ameliorates ocular surface inflammation in diabetic keratopathy

The Ocular Surface 2025年 38卷 31-40页

作者： Hassan Mansoor Isabelle Xin Yu Lee Chang Liu Mingyi Yu Charmaine Jan Li Toh Victor Wei-Tsu Hsu Fengyi Liu Daqian Lu Thomas Chuen Lam Hong Chang Tan Lei Zhou Yu-Chi Liu Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore University of Cambridge Girton College Cambridgeshire United Kingdom Centre for Myopia Research School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR) 17W Hong Kong Science Park Hong Kong Department of Endocrinology Singapore General Hospital Singapore School of Optometry Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV) The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Cornea and Refractive Surgery Group Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore Eye-Academic Clinical Program Duke-National University Singapore Graduate Medical School Singapore Department of Ophthalmology National Taiwan University Hospital Taiwan

Purpose To investigate the efficacy of oral fenofibrate in the amelioration of ocular surface inflammation in diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods In this open-label interventional study, 41 participants with type 2 DM received oral fenofibrate for 30 days. Forty age-matched healthy controls were recruited. Ocular surface objective and subjective assessment, in-vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) imaging and quantification for corneal dendritic cells (DCs), epithelium and neuromas were performed. Tear inflammatory markers and proteomics were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Data Independent Acquisition experiments before and after treatment. Results Oral fenofibrate treatment significantly improved tear film breakup time (p = 0.004), corneal staining evaluated with National Eye Institute-Corneal Fluorescein Staining scores (p = 0.005), and ocular surface symptoms assessed with the Ocular Surface Disease Index scores (p = 0.003), in DM patients. On IVCM, fenofibrate significantly reduced mean DC area (p = 0.01) and mean DC density (p = 0.02), while increasing mean DC elongation (p = 0.004) and length (p = 0.01), suggesting less DC activities. Fenofibrate also significantly increased corneal epithelial cell density (p = 0.04). 192 tear proteins were significantly altered after treatment. Fenofibrate significantly up-regulated the expression of anti-inflammatory interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, while significantly reduced the concentrations of pro-inflammatory and inflammatory proteins, including tumour necrosis factor α, nuclear factor kappa B, complement 4 B, cytochrome B5 Type A, and cytochrome B5 Type B (all p < 0.05) in tears, via regulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor activation. Conclusion This first clinical trial demonstrated that oral fenofibrate ameliorates diabetic ocular surface inflammation, providing a novel therapeutic option for diabetic keratopathy.

关键词： Ocular surface Cornea Inflammation Apoptosis Diabetes Fenofibrate

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Comparison of Fetal Heart Rate Detection Using Envelope Extraction and Shannon Energy

Comparison of Fetal Heart Rate Detection Using Envelope Extr...

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2019 International Seminar on Application for Technology of Information and Communication, iSemantic 2019

作者： Setiawan, Agung W. Sujatmiko, Wahyu Biomedical Engineering Research Group School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics ITB Bandung Indonesia Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics ITB Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728138329

Heart rate monitoring is widely used as a general procedure to examine fetal health condition. Fetal heart rate can be used to identified possibilities of fetal anomaly and warn the obstetrician to provide immediate intervention before any further abnormalities. The purpose of this research is to compare fetal heart rate detection result using envelope extraction and Shannon energy envelope method. There are 115 fetal phonocardiography and maternal phonocardiography that is used in this research. The dataset was obtained from Hafez Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Science. Envelope extraction method can be used to detect fetal heart rate signal with 89.2% accuracy for all fetal phonocardiography signal while Shannon energy envelope method can be used to detect fetal heart rate signal with 88.3% accuracy for all fetal phonocardiography signal. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Phonocardiography

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Influence of Slot and Pole Number Combinations on PMLSM with Consequent Pole 13

Influence of Slot and Pole Number Combinations on PMLSM with...

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13th International Symposium on Linear Drives for Industry Applications, LDIA 2021

作者： Sun, Zhen Watanabe, Kota Xu, Xiaozhuo Graduate School of Engineering Muroran Institute of Technology Muroran Japan School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728172101

In this paper, the influence of slot/pole number combination on performance of consequent pole permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (CP-PMLSMs) is analyzed. First, by adopting simplified magnetic circuit method, the working principle and characteristics of CP-PMLSM are introduced. Then, finite element models of 16 selected CP-PMLSMs with different slot/pole number combinations are established, electromagnetic properties of these motors are fully investigated and compared. Finally, the slot/pole number combination selection criteria of CP-PMLSM are obtained according to the preceding analysis results. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Linear motors

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Flame photometry characterization procedure for sodium content in Brazilian bentonites for nanotechnology applications

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Recent Innovations in Chemical engineering 2019年第2期12卷 122-129页

作者： Santos, Hellen S. da Silva, Karine L. Buarque Zanini, Ariel E. Coelho, Danilo S. Embiruçu, Marcelo Nascimento, Marcio L.F. PROTEC/PEI-Graduate Program in Industrial Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnic School Federal University of Bahia Rua Aristides Novis 2 FederaçãoSalvadorCEP: 40210-630 Brazil

Background: Brazilian bentonites have a low sodium concentration in their interlayer structure. This is a problem with most of the industrial applications that demand the characteristics of sodium bentonites. Objective: As a solution for this limitation, sodium carbonate is added to in natura clays, promoting ion exchange between other interlayer cations with sodium. Methods: A process was used based on the principle of Stokes’ Law (BR Patent 10 2013 016298). For this, we used four glass columns in series, in which a high water flow was considered to obtain purified clays. It was proposed as a simple, fast and economical method for sodium determination that was developed and applied in bentonites by flame photometry. The equipment calibration was performed with a NaCl standard solution in concentrations between 80 and 110 ppm. The bentonites in the suspension were separated by means of centrifugation, being thus analyzed by a flame photometer. Results: The samples were prepared according to the manufacturer’s specifications to contain detectable amounts of sodium by means of flame photometry. A resulting linear relationship between the average value readings versus sodium standard content solution (both in ppm) was obtained by the logarithmic scale, as expected. Conclusion: The procedure allowed to define a method that could be used in the sodification control process, thus making it possible to differentiate the sodium cation content in terms of the value of cation exchange capacity (CEC) from bentonite. X-ray analysis of in natura and the sodified clays showed nanostructural differences related to interlayer distance. © 2019 Bentham Science Publishers.

关键词： Ion exchange

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Granular approach for evolving system modeling

Granular approach for evolving system modeling

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13th International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty, IPMU 2010

作者： Leite, Daniel Costa Jr., Pyramo Gomide, Fernando School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)3642140483

In this paper we introduce a class of granular evolving system modeling approach within the framework of interval analysis. Our aim is to present an interval-based learning algorithm which develops both, granular and singular approximations of nonlinear nonstationary functions using singular data. The algorithm is capable of incrementally creating/adapting both model parameters and structure. These are key features in nonlinear systems modeling. In addition, interval analysis provides rigorous bounds on approximation errors, rounding errors, and on uncertainties in data propagated during computations. The learning algorithm is simple and particularly suited to process stream of data in real time. In this paper we focus on the foundations of the approach and on the details of the learning algorithm. An application concerning economic time series forecasting illustrates the usefulness and efficiency of the approach. © 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Non-obtrusive monitoring of narrow-band electrocardiogram with a capacitive electrode unit during sleep

Non-obtrusive monitoring of narrow-band electrocardiogram wi...

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World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical engineering: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Instrumentation, Clinical engineering

作者： Takahashi, S. Ueno, A. Master's Program in Electrical and Electronic Engineering Graduate School of Tokyo Denki University Tokyo Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Graduate School of Tokyo Denki University Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783642038846

An approach is proposed for obtaining electro-cardiographic potential from adult lying with underwear and pajamas during sleep. This method is based on capacitive coupling involving the electrode, the cloth and the skin. A developed device was fabricated to explore the feasibility of the approach and evolution experiments were conducted for 5 men. Validation of the system revealed the following: (1) The frequency response of the device with underwear and pajamas revealed that the gain of the detected signal was reduced. (2) The signal displayed a periodic waveform synchronized with the simultaneously recorded ECG, even when underwear and pajamas was inserted between the electrode and the skin. ECG signal can be measured even all body position. (3) In overnight measurement, detection rate of R-wave for each subject was more than 95 %. Although there is still room for improvement in terms of its practical use, the developed device appears promising for application to bedding as a non-obtrusive and awareness-free method for ECG monitoring during sleep. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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Interfacial-Layer-Free Ge0.95Si0.05Nanosheet FeFETs

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IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 2024年第3期71卷 1758-1763页

作者： Hsieh, Wan-Hsuan Chen, Yu-Rui Liu, Yi-Chun Zhao, Zefu Lee, Jia-Yang Tu, Chien-Te Huang, Bo-Wei Wang, Jer-Fu Lee, M.H. Liu, C.W. Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Institute and Undergraduate Program of Electro-Optical Engineering Graduate School of Advance Technology National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan National Taiwan University Graduate School of Advance Technology Taipei10617 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Department of Electrical Engineering Taipei10617 Taiwan

The substantial memory window (MW) of 1.8 V is achieved by utilizing stacked two nanosheet (NS) gate-all-around (GAA) Ge0.95 Si0.05 ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs), employing a low write voltage of 2 V. The channel phosphorus concentration 1E18 cm-3 is used to erase the absence of interfacial layer (IL) can reduce the operation voltage. An isotropic wet etching process is employed for channel release. The stacked two NSs offer the advantages of reducing cell-to-cell variation and doubling the read current. Additionally, the stability of data storage is demonstrated with the data retention of >1E4 s, linearly extrapolated to a span of 10 years, and exhibiting high endurance >1E11 cycles. The thermal budget is as low as 400 °C. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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A comprehensive review on natural convection in trapezoidal cavities with mono and hybrid nanofluids

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2025年 27卷

作者： Rashid, Farhan Lafta Alkhekany, Zainab Abdul Karim Eleiwi, Muhammad Asmail Bouabidi, Abdallah Ahmad, Shabbir Chibani, Atef Kezzar, Mohamed Kadhim, Saif Ali Askar, Ali Habeeb Hammoodi, Karrar A. Department of Petroleum Engineering College of EngineeringmUniversity of Kerbala Karbala56001 Iraq College of Engineering University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa Karbala56001 Iraq Electromechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering University of Samarra Samarra Iraq University of Gabes Avenue of Omar Ib-Elkhattab Gabes Zrig6023 Tunisia Graduate Program of Ocean Engineering School of Engineering Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Italia Avenue km 8 Rio Grande96201-900 Brazil Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI P.O.Box 64 Algiers Cheraga16014 Algeria Department of Mechanical Engineering University of 20 Aout 1955 El Hadaiek Road B. O. 26 Skikda21000 Algeria Technology Department Faculty of Technology 20 Aout 1955 University of Skikda PO Box 26 Skikda21000 Algeria Mechanical Engineering Department University of Technology- Iraq Baghdad Iraq Department of Fluid and Heat Engineering University of Miskolc Miskolc Hungary Institute of Physics and Electrical Engineering University of Miskolc Miskolc Hungary College of Engineering University of Al Maarif Al Anbar Iraq

This review synthesises advancements in natural convection within trapezoidal cavities using mono- and hybrid nanofluids, emphasising their geometric advantages for thermal management. Trapezoidal cavities promote asymmetric flow patterns that enhance heat transfer compared to conventional geometries, as demonstrated in applications like solar absorbers and electronic cooling. Through analysis of 50+ previous studies, the review identifies key trends: Hybrid nanofluids like Cu-Al₂O₃/water consistently outperform mono nanofluids in Nusselt number improvement, with gains exceeding 20 %. Inclined walls mitigate stagnant flow zones, though exact reduction rates vary with aspect ratio and nanoparticle concentration. Magnetic fields and porous media further modulate thermal performance, but trade-offs emerge between conductivity enhancement and viscosity penalties. This review provides a framework to optimise trapezoidal cavities with nanofluids for industrial deployment. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Natural convection

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Iterative Cancellation for Inter-Block-Interference on LDPC coded MIMO-OFDM Systems 91

Iterative Cancellation for Inter-Block-Interference on LDPC ...

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91st IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC Spring 2020

作者： Kizawa, Masakazu Ikegami, Tetsushi Meiji University Electrical Engineering Program Graduate School of Science and Technology Kanagawa214-8571 Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728152073

ISBN: (纸本)9781728152073

An OFDM transmission is robust to the multipath delay due to the addition of a cyclic prefix (CP). However, it will suffer from an inter-block-interference (IBI) under a severe long delay multipath channel whose channel impulse response (CIR) is longer than that of the CP. Since extending the CP leads to the loss of spectrum efficiency, some compensation scheme is needed to cope with the interference. The iterative interference cancellation with a channel code is effective even such a severe multipath channel because more reliable symbols can be obtained. Whereas a convolutional code has been mainly examined in the previous work, this paper considers a LDPC code. In the simulation, the performance of LDPC coded MIMO-OFDM systems with the iterative cancellation receiver is evaluated under such a severe long delay multipath channel in terms of bit-error-rate (BER) and block-error-rate (BLER). The results show that the performance can be improved by a few iterations. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Multipath propagation

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A strategy for out-of-roundness damage wheels identification in railway vehicles based on sparse autoencoders

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Railway engineering Science 2024年第4期32卷 421-443页

作者： Jorge Magalhães Tomás Jorge Rúben Silva António Guedes Diogo Ribeiro Andreia Meixedo Araliya Mosleh Cecília Vale Pedro Montenegro Alexandre Cury CONSTRUCT-LESE School of EngineeringPolytechnic of PortoPortoPortugal CONSTRUCT-LESE Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal Graduate Program in Civil Engineering Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de ForaBrazil

Wayside monitoring is a promising cost-effective alternative to predict damage in the rolling stock. The main goal of this work is to present an unsupervised methodology to identify out-of-roundness(OOR) damage wheels, such as wheel flats and polygonal wheels. This automatic damage identification algorithm is based on the vertical acceleration evaluated on the rails using a virtual wayside monitoring system and involves the application of a two-step procedure. The first step aims to define a confidence boundary by using(healthy) measurements evaluated on the rail constituting a baseline. The second step of the procedure involves classifying damage of predefined scenarios with different levels of severities. The proposed procedure is based on a machine learning methodology and includes the following stages:(1) data collection,(2) damage-sensitive feature extraction from the acquired responses using a neural network model, i.e., the sparse autoencoder(SAE),(3) data fusion based on the Mahalanobis distance, and(4) unsupervised feature classification by implementing outlier and cluster analysis. This procedure considers baseline responses at different speeds and rail irregularities to train the SAE model. Then, the trained SAE is capable to reconstruct test responses(not trained) allowing to compute the accumulative difference between original and reconstructed signals. The results prove the efficiency of the proposed approach in identifying the two most common types of OOR in railway wheels.

关键词： OOR wheel damage Damage identification Sparse autoencoder Passenger trains Wayside condition monitoring

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