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Physical Characteristics of Modified Cassava Flour Wastewater at Room Temperature

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2019年第1期292卷

作者： N Yaqin A N Al-Baarri A M Legowo Widayat M A Budihardjo Program of Environmental Science School of Post Graduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Center of Research and Services-Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Food Technology Department Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia

Cassava is an agricultural material that is considered as important raw resources in the industrial sector. The benefits are even greater after being modified using lactic acid bacteria. However, the mocaf industry often causes water and air pollution. Environmental problems arise after the fermentation process. Determination problems with lightness, TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), conductivity and pH analysis are required to measure the impact to the environment. This research was used waste water from mocaf during 3 days fermentation. The wastewater had the highest color level (Lightness) on initial day of fermentation at 83.7±3.73 and then decrease along the day of fermentation at the averages of 65.2±2.0. The highest TDS was resulted from the mocaf wastewater at a value of 1218 ± 4.6 ppm which continued to decline until day 4. The conductivity and pH showed a decrease along the day of fermentation. As conclusion, physical characteristic of wastewater from mocaf production could be analyzed specifically and determined through color, TDS, conductivity, and pH.

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Implementation of Augmented Reality in Pretend Play Therapy for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1235卷

作者： M F Syahputra A P Angkasih S Purnamawati U Andayani D Abdullah S Sriadhi A Iskandar T M Rosida J Fitriany I N Sari M D Utama R F Nanuru Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia Department of Informatics Universitas Malikussaleh Aceh Utara Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Universitas Negeri Medan Indonesia Informatics Engineering STMIK AKBA Makassar Indonesia Graduate Program in Scientific Psychology Universitas Kristen Maranatha Indonesia Department of Pediatric Universitas Malikussaleh Aceh Utara Indonesia Departement of Social Science Education Program Post Graduate Program Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang Malang Indonesia Faculty of Social and Political Science Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku Indonesia Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku Ambon Indonesia

Autism Spectrum Disorder is a pervasive developmental disorder that will affect children in terms of interpersonal communication, social interaction, and imaginative levels in play. Many therapies to help the motor neuron performance is one of them Pretend Play. Pretend Play is a therapy that invites children in playing to demonstrate something else and tell how to use objects that are considered in the child's imagination. However, in the era of highly developed technology, many fields have used the Augmented Reality method as a visualization of various aspects. With this method researchers will present the therapeutic visualization of the block to 3D transportation tool that is useful for strengthening motor nerves and visual strength of the child. The system can run well during marker detection, marker movement, and 3D object display with the accuracy of precision angle and distance between virtual world with real world reach 100% with angle 0 at distance 31 cm and the maximum distance from the marker is 46 cm and the maximum angle is 30˚.

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Palm oil yield potency on different level of ripening and storage time based on fruits percentage and fresh fruit bunches

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2020年第1期443卷

作者： A Ruswanto A H Ramelan D Praseptiangga I B B Partha Doctoral Program of Agricultural Science Graduate School of Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A Kentingan Jebres 57126 Surakarta Indonesia Department of Agricultural Product Technology Faculty of Agricultural Technology INSTIPER Agricultural University Jl. Nangka II Maguwoharjo (Ring Road Utara) Sleman 55282 Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A Kentingan Jebres 57126 Surakarta Indonesia Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture Sebelas Maret University (UNS) Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A Kentingan Jebres 57126 Surakarta Indonesia

This study aimed at assessing the oil yield potency of palm oil, based on fruits percentage (% fruit) and percentage of fresh fruit bunches (% FFB) due to the storage at different ripeness (under-ripe, ripe, over-ripe, and loose fruit from bunches) from fresh fruit bunches (FFB) originating from plantations in Ungaran, Central Java, Indonesia. A completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors on the ripening and the storage levels of FFB was used. The parameters observed at the initial stage were oil contents as the basis for calculation, and the yield potencies were then analyzed on the basis of % fruits and % FFB. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA and continued with Duncan test α = 0.05 using SPSS version 25. Results showed that both of the ripening level of palm fruit bunches and storage time significantly (α = 0.05) affected the yield potency on the basis of % fruit or % FFB, the potential yield value was based on the percentage of fruit higher than the yield potential based on the percentage of FFB. The highest yield potential based on the percentage of fruit found on ripe FFB with a storage time of 12 hours and the lowest on under-ripe FFB with a storage time of 60 hours. While the highest potential yield based on the percentage of FFB was found on ripe FFB with a storage time of 12 hours and the lowest on under-ripe FFB with a storage time of 60 hours.

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The Potential of Spirulina and Its Bioactive Metabolites as Ingested Agents for Skin Care

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Industrial Biotechnology 2017年第5期13卷 244-252页

作者： Costa, Jorge Alberto Vieira Moro, Gisele Medianeira Barbieri De Moraes Vaz Batista Filgueira, Daza Corsini, Emanuela Bertolin, Telma Elita Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Food Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande P.O. Box 474 Rio Grande RS96203-900 Brazil Cell Culture Laboratory Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande Rio Grande RS Brazil Laboratory of Toxicology Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Biomolecular Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy Fermentation Laboratory Post-Graduate in Food Science and Technology University of Passo Fundo Passo Fundo RS Brazil

Nutrition is one of the most important parameters involved in modulating skin health and condition. In this regard, the demand for natural compounds capable of promoting skin health and beauty has been attracting the attention of researchers and companies around the world. An interesting option to meet this demand is the use of Spirulina microalga, which has biotechnological potential, including several functional and nutritional applications. Although this microalga has been used in human nutrition since ancient times, it now has new applications and is being studied as a promising ingredient for nutricosmetics. The present review article summarizes Spirulina's most relevant activities, mainly its biologically active metabolites, which are interesting ingredients for nutricosmetic formulations and an important advance for skin care. Copyright © 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2017.

关键词： Microalgae

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Author Correction: Predicting the potential for zoonotic transmission and host associations for novel viruses (Vol 5, 844, 2022)

COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY

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COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY 2023年第1期6卷 25页

作者： Pandit, Pranav S. Anthony, Simon J. Goldstein, Tracey Olival, Kevin J. Doyle, Megan M. Gardner, Nicole R. Bird, Brian Smith, Woutrina Wolking, David Gilardi, Kirsten Monagin, Corina H. Kelly, Terra Uhart, Marcela M. Epstein, Jonathan H. Machalaba, Catherine Rostal, Melinda K. Dawson, Patrick Hagan, Emily Sullivan, Ava Li, Hongying Chmura, Aleksei A. Latinne, Alice Lange, Christian O'Rourke, Tammie Olson, Sarah Keatts, Lucy Mendoza, A. Patricia Perez, Alberto de Paula, Catia Dejuste Zimmerman, Dawn Valitutto, Marc LeBreton, Matthew McIver, David Islam, Ariful Duong, Veasna Mouiche, Moctar Shi, Zhengli Mulembakani, Prime Kumakamba, Charles Ali, Mohamed Kebede, Nigatu Tamoufe, Ubald Bel-Nono, Samuel Camara, Alpha Pamungkas, Joko Coulibaly, Kalpy J. Abu-Basha, Ehab Kamau, Joseph Silithammavong, Soubanh Desmond, James Hughes, Tom Shiilegdamba, Enkhtuvshin Aung, Ohnmar Karmacharya, Dibesh Nziza, Julius Ndiaye, Daouda Gbakima, Aiah Sajali, Zikankuba Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn Robles, Erika Alandia Ssebide, Benard Suzan, Gerardo Aguirre, Luis F. Solorio, Monica R. Dhole, Tapan N. Nga, Nguyen T. T. Hitchens, Peta L. Joly, Damien O. Saylors, Karen Fine, Amanda Murray, Suzan Karesh, William B. Daszak, Peter Mazet, Jonna A. K. Johnson, Christine K. University of California Davis One Health Institute School of Veterinary Medicine Davis USA (GRID:grid.27860.3b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9684) Columbia University Center for Infection and Immunity New York USA (GRID:grid.21729.3f) (ISNI:***) EcoHealth Alliance New York USA (GRID:grid.420826.a) (ISNI:0000 0004 0409 4702) Labyrinth Global Health Inc. St Petersburg USA (GRID:grid.420826.a) Wildlife Conservation Society Health Program Bronx USA (GRID:grid.269823.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 2164 6888) Wildlife Conservation Society Health Program Bronx USA (GRID:grid.269823.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 2164 6888) Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) Peru Program Lima Peru (GRID:grid.516986.5) Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) Peru Program Lima Peru (GRID:grid.516986.5) Global Health Program Smithsonian’s National Zoological Park and Conservation Biology Institute Washington USA (GRID:grid.467700.2) (ISNI:0000 0001 2182 2028) Mosaic/Global Viral Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon (GRID:grid.452492.c) Metabiota Inc Nanaimo Canada (GRID:grid.452492.c) Institut Pasteur du Cambodge Phnom Penh Cambodia (GRID:grid.418537.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 7535 978X) Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan Institute of Virology Wuhan China (GRID:grid.9227.e) (ISNI:***) University of Kinshasa Kinshasa School of Public Health Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo (GRID:grid.9783.5) (ISNI:0000 0000 9927 0991) Metabiota Inc. Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo (GRID:grid.9783.5) Egypt National Research Centre Dokki Egypt (GRID:grid.419725.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2151 8157) Addis Ababa University Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa Ethiopia (GRID:grid.7123.7) (ISNI:0000 0001 1250 5688) Metabiota Cameroon Ltd Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon (GRID:grid.452492.c) Military Veterinarian (Rtd.) Accra Ghana (GRID:grid.452492.c) Centre de Recherche en Virologie (VRV) Projet Fievres Hemoraquiques en Guinée Nongo/Contéya-Commune de Ratoma Guinea (GRID:grid.452492.c) Bogor Agricultural University Primate Research Center Bogor

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Patient-generated subjective global assessment and computed tomography in the assessment of malnutrition and sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients

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Clinical Nutrition 2018年 37卷 S65-S66页

作者： M.C. Gonzalez D.N. Zambrano J. Xiao C.M. Prado Post-graduate Program in Health in Behavior Catholic University of Pelotas Pelotas Brazil Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta Edmonton Canada

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The repertoire of mutational signatures in human cancer (vol 578, pg 94, 2020)

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NATURE 2023年第7948期614卷 E41-E41页

作者： Alexandrov, Ludmil B. Kim, Jaegil Haradhvala, Nicholas J. Huang, Mi Ni Ng, Alvin Wei Tian Wu, Yang Boot, Arnoud Covington, Kyle R. Gordenin, Dmitry A. Bergstrom, Erik N. Islam, S. M. Ashiqul Lopez-Bigas, Nuria Klimczak, Leszek J. McPherson, John R. Morganella, Sandro Sabarinathan, Radhakrishnan Wheeler, David A. Mustonen, Ville Getz, Gad Rozen, Steven G. Stratton, Michael R. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department of Bioengineering Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego CA USA Wellcome Sanger Institute Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton UK Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center San Diego CA USA University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Center for Cancer Research Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Department of Pathology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan Computational Biology Program Ontario Institute for Cancer Research Toronto ON Canada Programme in Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Centre for Computational Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Centre for Computational Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine National Heart Centre Singapore Singapore Singapore Cancer Science Institute of Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Singapore Singapore Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome Division of Medical Science National Cancer Centre Singapore Singapore Singapore Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory National Ins

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Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet 2023年第10397期402卷 203-234页

作者： Ong, Kanyin Liane Stafford, Lauryn K. McLaughlin, Susan A. Boyko, Edward J. Vollset, Stein Emil Smith, Amanda E. Dalton, Bronte E. Duprey, Joe Cruz, Jessica A. Hagins, Hailey Lindstedt, Paulina A. Aali, Amirali Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abate, Melsew Dagne Abbasian, Mohammadreza Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen ElHafeez, Samar Abd Abd-Rabu, Rami Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md Abedi, Vida Abidi, Hassan Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Adane, Tigist Demssew Adane, Denberu Eshetie Addo, Isaac Yeboah Adegboye, Oyelola A. Adekanmbi, Victor Adepoju, Abiola Victor Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afolabi, Rotimi Felix Agarwal, Gina Aghdam, Zahra Babaei Agudelo-Botero, Marcela Arriagada, Constanza Elizabeth Aguilera Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Danish Ahmad, Rizwan Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmadi, Ali Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Ali Ahmed, Luai A. Ahmed, Syed Anees Ajami, Marjan Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Al Hamad, Hanadi Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali Alalwan, Tariq A. Al-Aly, Ziyad AlBataineh, Mohammad T. Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alemi, Sharifullah Ali, Hassam Alinia, Tahereh Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Firehiwot Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amiri, Sohrab Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anjana, Ranjit Mohan Ansar, Adnan Ansari, Golnoosh Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Arabloo, Jalal Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Areda, Demelash Arifin, Hidayat Arkew, Mesay Armocida, Benedetta Arnlov, Johan Artamonov, Anton A. Arulappan, Judie Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Arumugam, Ashokan Aryan, Zahra Asemu, Mulu Tiruneh Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad Askari, Elaheh Asmelash, Daniel Astell-Burt, Thomas Athar, Mohammad Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Avila-Burgos, Leticia Awaisu, Ahmed Azadnajafabad, Sina Darshan, B.B. Babamohamadi, Hassan Badar, Muhammad Badawi, Alaa Badiye, Ashish D. Baghcheghi, Nayereh Baghe Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation School of Medicine General Medicine Service Department of Veterans Affairs Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine France Department of Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement Aleta Wondo Hospital Aleta Wondo Ethiopia Department of Nursing Woldia University Woldia Ethiopia Department of Nursing Department of Orthopedic Surgery Orthopaedic Surgery Social Determinants of Health Research Center Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Epidemiology Department Evidence-Based Practice Center Community and Maternity Nursing Unit University of Duhok Duhok Iraq School of Planning Faculty of Environment Department of Public Health Sciences Penn State College of Medicine Pennsylvania State University Hershey PA United States Biocomplexity Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA United States College of Medicine Department of Public Health Laboratory Technology Sciences Department Department of Family and Community Health University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Clinical Sciences Department Department of Surgery Department of Surgery Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Department of Clinical and Psychosocial Epidemiology Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Centre for Social Research in Health Quality and Systems Performance Unit Cancer Institute NSW Sydney NSW Australia Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine HIV and Infectious Diseases Department Jhpiego Abuja Nigeria Adolescent Research and Care Department Adolescent Friendly Research Initiative and Care Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Epidemiology Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Department of Family Medicine McMaster University

Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. Methods: Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined;these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs;defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims;type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparative r

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Patterns of somatic structural variation in human cancer genomes (vol 578, pg 112, 2020)

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NATURE 2023年第7948期614卷 E38-E38页

作者： Li, Yilong Roberts, Nicola D. Wala, Jeremiah A. Shapira, Ofer Schumacher, Steven E. Kumar, Kiran Khurana, Ekta Waszak, Sebastian Korbel, Jan O. Haber, James E. Imielinski, Marcin Weischenfeldt, Joachim Beroukhim, Rameen Campbell, Peter J. Cancer Genome Project Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Hinxton UK Totient Inc Cambridge MA USA Wellcome Sanger Institute Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton UK Department of Haematology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge UK Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical Anthropology University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain The Biomedical Research Centre (CINBIO) University of Vigo Vigo Spain Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain Department of Zoology Genetics and Physical Anthropology (CiMUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain The Biomedical Research Centre (CINBIO) Universidade de Vigo Vigo Spain The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA USA Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Department of Cancer Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Cancer Research Charlestown MA USA Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA USA Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Institute for Computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Controlled Department and Institution New York NY USA Englander Institute for Precision Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine Ne

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Using puzzle to encourage students to do problem posing

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1040卷

作者： I M Candiasa N Santiyadnya G K A Sunu Educational Science Study Program Post Graduate Faculty Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Bali – Indonesia 81116 Electronica Technology Education Study Program Faculty of Technology and Vocational School Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Bali – Indonesia 81116 Educational Administration Post Graduate Program Faculty Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Bali – Indonesia 81116

Problem posing is very important in learning mathematics. Many studies have indicated that problem posing can improve the ability to solve mathematics problems. Therefore it is necessary to encourage students systematically to do problem posing. This research tries to pack problem posing in puzzle frame in order to increase student's interest and ability to do problem posing. The puzzle game which is then directed to problem posing is assured can arouse students' enthusiasm, thus encouraging their involvement in problem posing activities. Two groups of junior high school students each consisted of 31 and 32 students selected as samples. The first group follow mathematics class with problem posing learning model that preceded by playing a puzzle but still in a mathematical environment. The second group follow the mathematics class with problem posing learning model only. At the end of the research student's interest and ability to do problem posing are compared by using MANOVA test. Wilks' Lambda test results F = 10.8 on significance (p) = 0.002. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the problem posing learning model in mathematics that is preceded by playing puzzles can increase students' interest and ability to do problem posing.

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