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Preparation and characterization of silica from rice husk ash as a reinforcing agent in whey protein isolate biocomposites film

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South African Journal of chemical engineering 2023年 44卷 337-343页

作者： Zuwanna, Ika Riza, Medyan Aprilia, Sri Syamsuddin, Yanna Dewi, Rozanna Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Aceh Utara 24351 Indonesia

This research focused on extracting silica (SiO2) from rice husk ash (RHA) to eliminate the problem of local disposal from the rice mill industry. Here, the various potassium hydroxide (KOH) composition was proposed t... 详细信息

This research focused on extracting silica (SiO₂) from rice husk ash (RHA) to eliminate the problem of local disposal from the rice mill industry. Here, the various potassium hydroxide (KOH) composition was proposed to identify SiO₂ characteristic, which is crucial to the particle size. The resulting SiO₂ was applied as a filler in whey protein isolate (WPI) biocomposite films. SiO₂ was synthesized from the RHA by carrying out a KOH solution, then separated from the extracted SiO₂ using hydrochloric acid (HCl). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering were used to characterize all the SiO₂ material. It was found that the yield of SiO₂ was 2.85%, 4.63%, 7.32%, 15.63%, and 27.42%, severally. When the concentration of KOH was 1 N, 1.5 N, 2 N, 2.5 N, and 3 N, the crystallinity was 20.53% to 55.20%. Besides, the particle size ranged from 2.61 to 0.14 µm and the particle distribution from 2.09 to 1.56 µm. The tensile strength and elongation of WPI biocomposite film using 5% SiO₂ were 14.12 MPa and 30.70%, respectively. It can be summarized that SiO₂ is the potential to be used as a filler agent in biocomposite film. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Biocomposite film Particle size Potassium hydroxide Rice husk ash Silica

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Synthesis of amorphous silica from rice husk ash using the sol–gel method: Effect of alkaline and alkaline concentration

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 87卷 225-229页

作者： Aprilia S. Rosnelly C.M. Zuhra Fitriani F. Haffiz Akbar E. Raqib M. Rahmah K. Amin A. Baity R.A. Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering Faculty Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty University of Abulyatama Lampoh Keude-Aceh Besar Indonesia

In this study, silica extraction from RHA (rice husk ash) has been successfully performed by alkaline using KOH and NaOH with sol–gel precipitation. The silica gel was characterized for the functional group by FTIR, crystallinity with XRD, structure silica with SEM and particle size with PSA. The results show the higher concentration of solvent led to higher silica. The FTIR analysis revealed vibrations of Si[sbnd]O and Si[sbnd]O[sbnd]Si on the product. Additionally, observed to be amorphous and aggregated, the silica extracted from RHA also exhibited a decrease in all samples. © 2023

关键词： Alkaline extraction Concentration of solvent Potassium hydroxide Rice husk ash Silica Sodium hydroxide

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Propranolol hydrochloride degradation using La@TiO_(2) functionalized with CMCD

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第4期40卷 579-585,I0003页

作者： Gustavo Lopes Colpani Vitor Follmann Santos Rubieli Carla Frezza Zeferino Micheli Zanetti Josiane Maria Muneron de Mello Luciano Luiz Silva Natan Padoin Regina de Fatima Peralta Muniz Moreira Márcio Antônio Fiori Cíntia Soaresc Post-Graduate Program in Technology and Innovation Management Community University of ChapecóRegionChapecó89809-900Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering Community University of ChapecóRegionChapecó89809-900Brazil Laboratory of Materials and Scientific Computing(LabMAC) Department of Chemical and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolis88040-900Brazil

Propranolol hydrochloride can be considered a persistent and bioaccumulative pharmaceutical in the *** drug and its by-products are potentially toxic and have adverse effects,since these compounds have been associated with endocrine-disrupting effects,reproductive deficiencies,embryo abnormalities and pericardial ***_(2)–La 0.05%–carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin(CMCD)nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a simple two-step method,which consists of sonification and *** characterization analyses reveal that lanthanum is dispersed on the semiconductor surface,probably forming Ti–O–La bonds,which can induce oxygen vacancies and surface defects that effectively restrain the recombination of photogenerated electron/holes *** efficiency of TiO_(2)–La 0.05%–CMCD samples in degradation of propranolol under UV-light irradiation is higher than that of pristine TiO_(2) within 20 min reaction,probably due to complex formation between theβ-blocker and the oligosaccharide,which allows us to propose a photocatalytic mechanism based on the formation of intermediates and competition of these compounds to the radicals and CMCD cavities.

关键词： TiO_(2) Lanthanum CMCD Propranolol Photocatalysis Functionalization

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Synthesis of amorphous silica from rice husk ash using the sol-gel method: Effect of alkaline and alkaline concentration

Synthesis of amorphous silica from rice husk ash using the s...

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3rd International Conference on chemical engineering and Applied Sciences, ICChEAS 2022

作者： Aprilia, Sri Rosnelly, Cut Meurah Zuhra Fitriani, Fitriani Haffiz Akbar, Emir Raqib, Muhammad Rahmah, Khairul Amin, Amri Baity, Rima Aidi Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering Faculty Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty University of Abulyatama Lampoh Keude-Aceh Besar Indonesia

In this study, silica extraction from RHA (rice husk ash) has been successfully performed by alkaline using KOH and NaOH with sol-gel precipitation. The silica gel was characterized for the functional group by FTIR, crystallinity with XRD, structure silica with SEM and particle size with PSA. The results show the higher concentration of solvent led to higher silica. The FTIR analysis revealed vibrations of Si-O and Si-O-Si on the product. Additionally, observed to be amorphous and aggregated, the silica extracted from RHA also exhibited a decrease in all samples. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sodium hydroxide

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Experimental study of CO₂ utilization as a density modification agent for maximizing palm shells and kernels separation efficiency

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South African Journal of chemical engineering 2022年 42卷 283-289页

作者： Muhammad, Muhammad Marwan, Marwan Munawar, Edi Zaki, Muhammad Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh 23245 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia

In palm oil mills (POMs), the CO2 generated from palm oil processing activities is immediately discharged into the atmosphere, increasing greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions. CO2 utilization can be viewed as a strategy ... 详细信息

In palm oil mills (POMs), the CO₂ generated from palm oil processing activities is immediately discharged into the atmosphere, increasing greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions. CO₂ utilization can be viewed as a strategy for minimizing GHGs emissions and replacing CaCO₃, frequently used as a density modification agent in the POMs. This research aimed to formulate a novel separation fluid for separating palm shells and kernels by utilizing CO₂ as a density modification agent. Monoethanolamine (MEA) was selected as a chemical absorbent in this study. Chemisorption was applied to ensure that CO₂ was permanently absorbed into the solution. The MEA mass fraction was varied with ratios of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 % w/w. Then, the separation efficiency of the palm shells and kernels was measured by adding 15 % w/w of the mixture of palm shells and kernels into the formulated fluid. It was done based on the density difference between palm shells and kernels. The results showed that the optimal separation fluid density ranged between 1.1086 to 1.1777 g/cm³ at an MEA ratio of 30–50% w/w. It corresponds to the maximum separation efficiency of palm shells and kernels, which ranged from 97 to 100 %. This research indicated that CO₂ could be utilized as a density modification agent in the separation fluid. As a result, the formulated fluid was suitable for separating palm shells and kernels while also reducing GHG emissions in POMs by CO₂ utilization. © 2022

关键词： CO2 utilization Density modification agent GHGs emissions Palm shells–kernels separation Separation fluid

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Investigation of thermal conductivity and physical properties of oil palm trunks/ramie fiber reinforced biopolymer hybrid composites as building bio-insulation

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 60卷 373-377页

作者： Mawardi, Indra Aprilia, Sri Faisal, Muhammad Rizal, Samsul Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Lhokseumawe24301 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia

The current buildings insulating materials in the construction market, which mainly consist of synthetic materials, have a high performance in thermal resistivity. However, they negatively impact the human health and the environment, thereby finding bio-insulating materials is necessary. This research investigates the thermal conductivity and physical performance of oil palm trunks/ramie fibers reinforced biopolymer hybrid composites for thermal insulation of buildings. The hybrid composites were further prepared using oil palm trunk particles, ramie fiber as the reinforcement, and tapioca starch as a biopolymer binder. All the manufactured hybrid composites exhibited thermal conductivity in a range of 0.0723 W/mK to 0.1344 W/mK and density of 732 kg/m3 to 801 kg/m3, respectively. Sample C1, with a density of 732 kg/m3 had the lowest thermal conductivity of (0.0723 W/mK). Moreover, the minimum absorbed water (53.66%) and thickness swelling (21.36%) were found in the C1 sample hybrid composites after 24-hours immersion in water. Thermal conductivity performance was influenced positively by physical properties. Therefore, the results of this research show that waste oil palm trunks and ramie fiber could be used as a thermal insulating material for buildings. © 2022

关键词： Thermal conductivity

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Studies of exposure UV light, soil Burial, and storage ability effect on characteristics of biocomposite films

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 87卷 218-224页

作者： Fitriani F. Aprilia S. Arahman N. Bilad M.R. Djuned F. Fathanah U. Meilina H. Amin A. Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering Faculty Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Faculty of Intergrated Technologies Universiti Brunei Darussalam Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410 Brunei Darussalam Mechanical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty University of Abulyatama Lampoh Keude-Aceh Besar Indonesia

UV exposure, soil burial, and storage ability tests were carried out on biocomposite films with different concentrations of nanocrystal cellulose to study their biodegradability and morphological properties compared to neat whey protein films. The addition of nanocrystal cellulose as a natural filler to the whey protein based film can change a variety of properties such as strength, shelf life, biodegradability, and resistance to environmental conditions that are required in food packaging. The degradation films were assessed by UV exposure and soil burial tests. On the other hand, packaging ability is analyzed through storage tests under controlled conditions. After the analysis, changes in physical, chemical, and morphological properties were observed in the biocomposite film. From these results, we can conclude that the whey protein film with the addition of 3% nanocrystal cellulose would be a more favorable choice because of its better properties and suitability for the proposed biodegradable food packaging application. © 2023

关键词： Biocomposite films Biodegradability Nanocrystal cellulose Storage ability Whey protein isolate

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Natural antimicrobial properties of liquid smoke derived from cocoa pod shells in meatball preservation

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South African Journal of chemical engineering 2023年 46卷 106-111页

作者： Desvita, Hera Faisal, M. Mahidin, Mahidin Suhendrayatna Doctoral Program Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Indonesia Research Center for Chemistry National Research and Innovation Agency B.J. Habibie Science and Techno Park Serpong Banten South Tangerang 15314 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Indonesia Halal Research Center Universitas Syiah Kuala Indonesia

The liquid smoke, which is produced by pyrolyzing wood materials containing cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, can be used to preserve food. Phenolic, acetic, and carbonyl compounds found in liquid smoke can serve as a natural preservative. This study aimed to determine meatball preservation ability of liquid smoke from cocoa pod shells. Specifically, cocoa pod shells were converted to liquid smoke using slow pyrolysis at three different temperatures, 300 °C, 340 °C and 380 °C. Prior to its use, liquid smoke was purified using distillation at 190 °C. Liquid smoke at concentrations of 0.5%–3.0% was then used to preserve meatballs using an immersion method. Total volatile base-nitrogen (TVB-N), total plate count (TPC), and most probable number (MPN) analyses were used to evaluate preservation performance of liquid smoke. The statistical methods for MPN using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's tests. The SNI (Standar Nasional Indonesia) threshold to test whether meatballs remained fresh (TVB-N <20 mg N/g). TPC test results indicated that beef meatballs stay fresh at room temperature for 42 h or 48 h of storage using 0.5% or 1%–3% liquid smoke concentrations, respectively. Based on MPN tests showed meatballs could last for 48 h for all samples. Liquid smoke produced from cocoa pod shells can be used as a natural preservative for beef meatballs;however, liquid smoke concentrations influence the maximum preservation period for meatballs. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Cocoa pod shells Liquid smoke MPN Pyrolysis Total plate count Total volatile base-nitrogen

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Characteristics of palm oil-based oleogel and its potency as a shortening replacer

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South African Journal of chemical engineering 2023年 43卷 197-203页

作者： Suriaini, Nanda Arpi, Normalina Syamsuddin, Yanna Supardan, Muhammad Dani Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Agricultural Product Technology Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Halal Research Center Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia

This investigation aimed to determine the effect of beeswax (BW) and palm oil concentrations on the characteristics of oleogels which were then compared with a commercial shortening to evaluate their potential to be used as a shortening replacer. The characteristics of palm oil-based oleogel were investigated. Crude palm oil (CPO) and palm oil-based cooking oil (CO) are both rich in palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1), and linoleic acid (C18:2), but the amount of total saturated fatty acids in CPO is higher than in commercial CO. The binary blends of palm oil (CPO and CO) and beeswax (BW) were used in various concentrations to prepare palm oil-based oleogel. Oleogels containing higher concentrations of BW had a greater oil binding capacity. The addition of BW produced needle-like and spherical crystals. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a broad peak between 5.6° 2θ and 21.2° 2θ, (4.6 Å), resembling β polymorphism produced by monoacylglycerol aliphatic chains. The solid fat content of the CPO-based oleogel indicated that the product was more heat-resistant and had a profile more similar to shortening than the CO-based oil. As the BW concentration increased, the peak temperature of the sample also increased according to the differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The characteristics of palm oil-based oleogel products were comparable to that of commercial shortening;thus, they can be used as shortening replacers. © 2022 The Author(s)

关键词： Beeswax Oleogel Palm oil Shortening

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Investigation of kinetics of amla (Emblica officinalis) fruit drying process

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South African Journal of chemical engineering 2022年 41卷 10-16页

作者： Raaf, Auliyaa Putra, Tomy Wijaya Mulana, Farid Syamsuddin, Yanna Supardan, Muhammad Dani Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Halal Research Center Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia

This study aims to investigate the kinetics of the amla fruit drying process using oven and sun drying methods. The experimental results indicate that the final moisture content dropped with increasing drying temperature and decreasing material size. Oven drying has a faster drying time than sun drying. The heat loss during oven drying is lower than during sun drying, so the drying rate constant (k) for the oven drying method is higher than for sun drying. Moisture ratios for each drying condition are evaluated using three thin-layer models: Handerson–Pabis, Page, and Newton. The coefficient determination (R²) was used as a statistical parameter to determine the best drying kinetics model. Among the drying models examined, the Page model had the highest accuracy. An increase in drying temperature and a decrease in material size caused the effective moisture diffusivity value (D_eff) to increase. The D_eff values ranged from 4.522×10⁻¹⁰ to 1.361×10⁻⁹ m²/s. Analysis using scanning electron microscopy showed that the microstructure of amla fruit was significantly affected by varied drying conditions. © 2022 The Author(s)

关键词： Amla Diffusivity Drying models Microstructure Moisture content

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