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Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–18: a modelling study

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第6期8卷 e363-e375页

作者： Sartorius, Benn VanderHeide, John D. Yang, Mingyou Goosmann, Erik A. Hon, Julia Haeuser, Emily Cork, Michael A. Perkins, Samantha Jahagirdar, Deepa Schaeffer, Lauren E. Serfes, Audrey L. LeGrand, Kate E. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abebo, Zeleke Hailemariam Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adegbosin, Adeyinka Emmanuel Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Akalu, Yonas Akinyemi, Oluwaseun Oladapo Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Noore Alamneh, Alehegn Aderaw Alanzi, Turki M. Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Tilahun Alipour, Vahid Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Ansari, Fereshteh Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew Anvari, Davood Anwer, Razique Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asmare, Wondwossen Niguse Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Ausloos, Marcel Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Basu, Sanjay Bayati, Mohsen Bedi, Neeraj Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M. Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bibi, Sadia Bikbov, Boris Birhan, Tsegaye Adane Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Bockarie, Moses John Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath Butt, Zahid A. Cárdenas, Rosario Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Cook, Aubrey J. Cormier, Natalie Maria Cowden, Richard G. Culquichicon, Carlos Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. D Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Insights Program Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle WA United States Global Programs Medical Teams International Seattle WA United States Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA United States Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia College of Medicine and Health Science Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Nursing Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Biomedical Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Brehan

Background: High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000–18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings: The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2·8 (95% uncertainty interval 2·1–3·8) in Mauritania to 1585·9 (1369·4–1824·8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0·8 (0·7–0·9) in Mauritania to 676·5 (513·6–888·0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique,

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A second update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

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Nature 2023年第7977期621卷 E7-E26页

作者： Masahiro Kanai Christine Stevens Benjamin M. Neale Mark Daly Andrea Ganna Amy Trankiem Mary K. Balaconis Samuli Ripatti Lindo Nkambul Mark J. Daly Sam Bryant Matthew Solomonson Shea J. Andrews Mattia Cordioli Juha Karjalainen Juha Mehtonen Matti Pirinen Andrea Corbetta Bradley Jermy Kati Donner Katja Kivinen Aarno Palotie Mari Kaunisto Kumar Veerapen Konrad J. Karczewski Alicia R. Martin Elizabeth G. Atkinson Kristin Tsuo Nikolas Baya Rahul Gupta Raymond K. Walters Duncan S. Palmer Gopal Sarma Nathan Cheng Wenhan Lu Claire Churchhouse Jacqueline I. Goldstein Daniel King Wei Zhou Cotton Seed Hilary Finucane F. Kyle Satterstrom Gita A. Pathak Akiko Iwasaki Karolina Chwialkowska Karolina Chwiałkowska Brooke N. Wolford Hajar Fauzan Ahmad Shea Andrews Kathrin Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti Palwende R. Boua Guillaume Butler-Laporte Celia M. T. Greenwood Bartha M. Knoppers Mark Lathrop Carmen L. Cadilla Francesca Colombo Nicole Dueker Chloe Kirk Atanu Kumar Dutta Yasser M. El-Sherbiny Jehan J. El-Jawhari Doaa Shahin Ahmed Elzeiny Tamer A. Mansour Madonna M. Eltoukhy Attia A. S. Mohamed Sahar Esmaeeli Annika Faucon Israel Fernández Cadenas Israel Fernandez-Cadenas Laia Llucià-Carol Natalia Cullell Elena Muiño Jara Cárcel-Márquez Margherita Francescatto Laurent Francioli Lindokuhle Nkambule Jatin Arora Soumya Raychaudhuri Caroline Cusick Lude Franke Macarena Fuentes Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo David Gómez Cabrero Emi N. Harry Philip Jansen József L. Szentpéteri Réka Várnai Elżbieta Kaja Athanasios Kousathanas Dorote Pasko Mark J. Caulfield Alex Stuckey Christopher A. Odhams Susan Walker Daniel Rhodes Richard H. Scott Loukas Moutsianas Afshan Siddiq Peter Goddard Sally Donovan Tala Zainy Fiona Maleady-Crowe Linda Todd Shahla Salehi Greg Elgar Georgia Chan Prabhu Arumugam Christine Patch Augusto Rendon Tom A. Fowler Jose E. Krieger Sanjay K. Patel Audrey Lemaçon Sophie Limou Pietro Lió Eirini Marouli Charles Hinds Minttu M. Marttila Carolina Medina-Gómez Isabelle Migeotte Soumyajit Mondal Andrés Moreno-Estrada Leire Moya Tomok Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Program in Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) HiLIFE University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Analytic & Translational Genetics Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research & Program in Medical and Population Genetics Cambridge UK Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) Univerisity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Yale University New Haven CT USA Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven CT USA Yale University New Haven CT USA Centre for Bioinformatics and Data Analysis Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Malaysia Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Genolier Innovation Network and Hub Swiss Medical Network Genolier Healthcare Campus Genolier Switzerland Immediate Independent Multidisciplinary Med & Biotech Research Association Milan Italy Clinical Research Unit of Nanor

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Erratum to: Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)

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World journal of emergency surgery : WJES 2017年第1期12卷 35页

作者： M Sartelli D G Weber E Ruppé M Bassetti B J Wright L Ansaloni F Catena F Coccolini F M Abu-Zidan R Coimbra E E Moore F A Moore R V Maier J J De Waele A W Kirkpatrick E A Griffiths C Eckmann A J Brink J E Mazuski A K May R G Sawyer D Mertz P Montravers A Kumar J A Roberts J L Vincent R R Watkins W Lowman B Spellberg I J Abbott A K Adesunkanmi S Al-Dahir M N Al-Hasan F Agresta A A Althani S Ansari R Ansumana G Augustin M Bala Z J Balogh O Baraket A Bhangu M A Beltrán M Bernhard W L Biffl M A Boermeester S M Brecher J R Cherry-Bukowiec O R Buyne M A Cainzos K A Cairns A Camacho-Ortiz S J Chandy A Che Jusoh A Chichom-Mefire C Colijn F Corcione Y Cui D Curcio S Delibegovic Z Demetrashvili B De Simone S Dhingra J J Diaz I Di Carlo A Dillip S Di Saverio M P Doyle G Dorj A Dogjani H Dupont S R Eachempati M A Enani V N Egiev M M Elmangory P Ferrada J R Fitchett G P Fraga N Guessennd H Giamarellou W Ghnnam G Gkiokas S R Goldberg C A Gomes H Gomi M Guzmán-Blanco M Haque S Hansen A Hecker W R Heizmann T Herzog A M Hodonou S K Hong R Kafka-Ritsch L J Kaplan G Kapoor A Karamarkovic M G Kees J Kenig R Kiguba P K Kim Y Kluger V Khokha K Koike K Y Kok V Kong M C Knox K Inaba A Isik K Iskandar R R Ivatury M Labbate F M Labricciosa P F Laterre R Latifi J G Lee Y R Lee M Leone A Leppaniemi Y Li S Y Liang T Loho M Maegele S Malama H E Marei I Martin-Loeches S Marwah A Massele M McFarlane R B Melo I Negoi D P Nicolau C E Nord R Ofori-Asenso A H Omari C A Ordonez M Ouadii G A Pereira Júnior D Piazza G Pupelis T M Rawson M Rems S Rizoli C Rocha B Sakakushev M Sanchez-Garcia N Sato H A Segovia Lohse G Sganga B Siribumrungwong V G Shelat K Soreide R Soto P Talving J V Tilsed J F Timsit G Trueba N T Trung J Ulrych H van Goor A Vereczkei R S Vohra I Wani W Uhl Y Xiao K C Yuan S K Zachariah J R Zahar T L Zakrison A Corcione R M Melotti C Viscoli P Viale Department of Surgery Macerata Hospital Via Santa Lucia 2 62100 Macerata Italy. Department of Trauma Surgery Royal Perth Hospital Perth Australia. Genomic Research Laboratory Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland. Infectious Diseases Division Santa Maria Misericordia University Hospital Udine Italy. Department of Emergency Medicine and Surgery Stony Brook University School of Medicine Stony Brook NY USA. General Surgery Department Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital Bergamo Italy. Department of General Maggiore Hospital Parma Italy. Department of Surgery "Infermi" Hospital Rimini Italy. Department of Surgery College of Medicine and Health Sciences UAE University Al-Ain United Arab Emirates. Department of Surgery UC San Diego Medical Center San Diego USA. Department of Surgery University of Colorado Denver Health Medical Center Denver CO USA. Department of Surgery Division of Acute Care Surgery and Center for Sepsis and Critical Illness Research University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville FL USA. Department of Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA USA. Department of Critical Care Medicine Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium. General Acute Care and Trauma Surgery Foothills Medical Centre Calgary AB Canada. General and Upper GI Surgery Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham UK. Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Klinikum Peine Academic Hospital of Medical University Hannover Peine Germany. Department of Clinical microbiology Ampath National Laboratory Services Milpark Hospital Johannesburg South Africa. Department of Surgery School of Medicine Washington University in Saint Louis Saint Louis MO USA. Departments of Surgery and Anesthesiology Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA. Department of Surgery University of Virginia Health System Charlottesville VA USA. Departments of Medicine Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Pathology and Mo

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13017-016-0089-y.].

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NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

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ECOLOGY 2020年第11期101卷 e03115-e03115页

作者： Rosa, Clarissa Alves da Ribeiro, Bruno R. Bejarano, Vanesa Puertas, Fernando Henrique Bocchiglieri, Adriana Barbosa, Adriana Loeser dos Santos Chiarello, Adriano Garcia Paglia, Adriano Pereira Pereira, Adriele Aparecida Moreira, Adryelle Francisca de Souza Souza, Agnis Cristiane de Pellegrin, Aiesca Gatica, Ailin Medeiro, Akyllan Zoppi Pereira, Alan Deivid Braz, Alan Gerhardt Yanosky, Alberto Valenzuela, Alejandro Eduardo Jorge Bertassoni, Alessandra Prado, Alessandra dos Santos Venturini do Nava, Alessandra Ferreira Dales Rocha, Alessandro Bovo, Alex Augusto Abreu Bager, Alex Cravino, Alexandra Pires, Alexandra dos Santos Martensen, Alexandre Camargo Filippini, Alexandre Percequillo, Alexandre Reis Vogliotti, Alexandre Antunes, Alexsander Zamorano Leite de Oliveira, Aline Cristina da Silva de Oliveira, Allan Jefferson Devlin, Allison de Paula, Almir Ferreira, Aluane Silva Garcia-Olaechea, Alvaro Subalusky, Amanda Sanchez, Amadeo de Aquino, Ana Carla Medeiros Morato Srbek-Araujo, Ana Carolina Paldes Goncales, Amane Araujo, Ana Caroline L. Gozzi, Ana Cecilia Ochoa, Ana Cecilia Mendes de Oliveira, Ana Cristina Lacerda, Ana Cristyna Reis Francisco, Ana Karina Paschoal, Ana Maria de Oliveira Gomes, Ana Paula Nascimento Potrich, Ana Paula Olimpio, Ana Priscila Medeiros Rojas, Ana Meiga, Ana Yoko Ykeuti Jacomo, Anah Tereza de Almeida Calaca, Analice Maria Feijo, Anderson Pagoto, Anderson Borja Miranda, Andre Chein Alonso, Andre Barreto-Lima, Andre Felipe Lanna, Andre Luza, Andre Luis Camilo, Andre Restel Tavares, Andre Nunes, Andre Valle Kindel, Andreas de Miguel, Andres Gatti, Andressa Nobre, Andrezza Bellotto Campelo, Anielise da Conceicao Albuquerque, Anna Carolina Figueiredo de de la Torre, Antonio Mangione, Antonio Mendes Pontes, Antonio Rossano Fernandes, Arthur Soares Felicio, Artur Luiz de Almeida Ferreguetti, Atilla Colombo Marcili, Arlei Piratelli, Augusto Joao Nascimento, Ariel Guilherme Santos do Banhos dos Santos, Aureo Rosa, Beatris Felipe Cezila, Beatriz Azevedo de Thoisy, Benoit Ingberman, Bianca Kohler Departamento de Biologia Setor de Ecologia e Conservação Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Mamíferos (LECOM) Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) Lavras Minas Gerais 37200-000 Brazil. Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Amazonas 69067375 Brazil. Laboratório de Biogeografia da Conservação Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás CEP 74690-900 Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução Universidade Federal de Goiás CP 131 Goiânia Goiás 74001-970 Brazil. Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Biociências São Paulo State University (Universidade EstadualPaulista-UNESP) Av. 24A 1515 Rio Claro São Paulo CEP 13506-752 Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal de Sergipe Av. Marechal Rondon S/N Rosa Elze São Cristóvão Sergipe CEP: 49100-000 Brazil. Laboratório Horto-Viveiro Universidade Federal Fluminense Niterói Rio de Janeiro Brazil. Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Populações (LECP) Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil. Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto Universidade São Paulo São Paulo Brazil. Departamento de Biologia Geral Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação (LEC) Universidade Federal Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil. Amplo Engenharia e Gestão de Projetos Ltda Rua das Palmeiras 19 Quadra 65 Jardim Renascença II São Luís Maranhão CEP: 65.075-300 Brazil. Laboratório de sanidade animal Embrapa Pantanal CP109 Corumbá Mato Grosso do Sul 79320-900 Brazil. IMIBIO-CONICET San Luis Argentina. Faculdades Integradas Aparício Carvalho Rua das Araras Bairro Jardim Eldorado 241 Porto Velho Rondonia CEP 76811-678 Brazil. Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal Centro de Ciências Biológicas Laboratório de Ecologia de Peixes e Invasões Biológicas Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid Universidade Estadual de Londrina PR 445 Km 380 Londrina Paraná CEP 86.057-970 Brazil. Prog

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084);17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this da

关键词： biodiversity hotspots biological invasions exotic species invasive species novel ecosystems savanna tropical forest

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