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Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study (vol 2, pg 144, 2021)

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LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH 2021年第4期9卷 E408-E408页

作者： Steinmetz, Jaimie D. Vision and Eye Research Institute Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge United Kingdom Biomedical Informatics Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute of Health Services Research Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Department of Ophthalmology University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Mathematics Imperial College London London United Kingdom WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Primary Care and Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom School of Population and Global Health University of Melbourne Carlton VIC Australia School of Optometry and Vision Science UNSW Sydney NSW Australia Brien Holden Vision Institute Sydney Australia Department of Ophthalmology University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia Department of Parasitology and Mycology Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Jahrom Iran Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Ophthalmic Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Ophthalmology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Health Services Management Department Qazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin Iran Department of Systems Populations and Leadership University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Medicine Sofia Ismail Memorial Medical Centre Bogura Bangladesh The Fred Hollows Foundation Sydney NSW Australia Berhan Public Health & Eye Care Consultancy Addis A

Hospital El Salvador: a novel paradigm of intensive care in response to COVID-19 in central America. Lancet Glob Health 2021;9: e241?42?In this Comment, the conflict of interest statement should have included the following: ?By virtue of their roles within a public hospital or the Ministry of Health, MB, LC, WH, and XS are government employees. The findings and conclusions in the Comment are only those of the authors.? This correction has been made as of Feb 26, 2021.

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Equivalency of the diagnostic accuracy of the PHQ-8 and PHQ-9: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis (vol 50, pg 1368, 2020)

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PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE 2020年第16期50卷 2816-2816页

作者： Wu, Yin Levis, Brooke Riehm, Kira E. Saadat, Nazanin Levis, Alexander W. Azar, Marleine Rice, Danielle B. Boruff, Jill Cuijpers, Pim Gilbody, Simon Ioannidis, John P. A. Kloda, Lorie A. McMillan, Dean Patten, Scott B. Shrier, Ian Ziegelstein, Roy C. Akena, Dickens H. Arroll, Bruce Ayalon, Liat Baradaran, Hamid R. Baron, Murray Bombardier, Charles H. Butterworth, Peter Carter, Gregory Chagas, Marcos H. Chan, Juliana C. N. Cholera, Rushina Conwell, Yeates de Manvan Ginkel, Janneke M. Fann, Jesse R. Fischer, Felix H. Fung, Daniel Gelaye, Bizu Goodyear-Smith, Felicity Greeno, Catherine G. Hall, Brian J. Harrison, Patricia A. Harter, Martin Hegerl, Ulrich Hides, Leanne Hobfoll, Stevan E. Hudson, Marie Hyphantis, Thomas Inagaki, Masatoshi Jette, Nathalie Khamseh, Mohammad E. Kiely, Kim M. Kwan, Yunxin Lamers, Femke Liu, Shen-Ing Lotrakul, Manote Loureiro, Sonia R. Lowe, Bernd McGuire, Anthony Mohd-Sidik, Sherina Munhoz, Tiago N. Muramatsu, Kumiko Osorio, Flavia L. Patel, Vikram Pence, Brian W. Persoons, Philippe Picardi, Angelo Reuter, Katrin Rooney, Alasdair G. Santos, Ina S. Shaaban, Juwita Sidebottom, Abbey Simning, Adam Stafford, Lesley Sung, Sharon Tan, Pei Lin Lynnette Turner, Alyna van Weert, Henk C. White, Jennifer Whooley, Mary A. Winkley, Kirsty Yamada, Mitsuhiko Benedetti, Andrea Thombs, Brett D. Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research Jewish General Hospital Montréal Québec Canada. Department of Psychiatry McGill University Montréal Québec Canada. Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Occupational Health McGill University Montréal Québec Canada. Department of Psychology McGill University Montréal Québec Canada. Schulich Library of Physical Sciences Life Sciences and Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada. Department of Clinical Neuro and Developmental Psychology Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam the Netherlands. Hull York Medical School and the Department of Health Sciences University of York Heslington York UK. Department of Medicine Department of Health Research and Policy Department of Biomedical Data Science Department of Statistics Stanford University Stanford California USA. Library Concordia University Montréal Québec Canada. Department of Community Health Sciences University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada. Hotchkiss Brain Institute and O'Brien Institute for Public Health University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada. Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA. Department of Psychiatry Makerere University College of Health Sciences Kampala Uganda. Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand. Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work Bar Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel. Endocrine Research Center Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. Ageing Clinical & Experimental Research Team Institute of Applied Health Sciences School of Medicine Medical Sciences and Nutrition University of Aberdeen Aberdeen Scotland UK. Department of Medicine McGill University Montréal Québec Canada. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington USA. Centre for Research on Ageing Health and W

Item 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) queries about thoughts of death and self-harm, but not suicidality. Although it is sometimes used to assess suicide risk, most positive responses are not associated with suicidality. The PHQ-8, which omits Item 9, is thus increasingly used in research. We assessed equivalency of total score correlations and the diagnostic accuracy to detect major depression of the PHQ-8 and PHQ-9.;We conducted an individual patient data meta-analysis. We fit bivariate random-effects models to assess diagnostic accuracy.;16 742 participants (2097 major depression cases) from 54 studies were included. The correlation between PHQ-8 and PHQ-9 scores was 0.996 (95% confidence interval 0.996 to 0.996). The standard cutoff score of 10 for the PHQ-9 maximized sensitivity + specificity for the PHQ-8 among studies that used a semi-structured diagnostic interview reference standard (N = 27). At cutoff 10, the PHQ-8 was less sensitive by 0.02 (-0.06 to 0.00) and more specific by 0.01 (0.00 to 0.01) among those studies (N = 27), with similar results for studies that used other types of interviews (N = 27). For all 54 primary studies combined, across all cutoffs, the PHQ-8 was less sensitive than the PHQ-9 by 0.00 to 0.05 (0.03 at cutoff 10), and specificity was within 0.01 for all cutoffs (0.00 to 0.01).;PHQ-8 and PHQ-9 total scores were similar. Sensitivity may be minimally reduced with the PHQ-8, but specificity is similar.

关键词： Depression PHQ-8 PHQ-9 diagnostic accuracy individual participant data meta-analysis meta-analysis screening systematic review

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Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–18: a modelling study

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第6期8卷 e363-e375页

作者： Sartorius, Benn VanderHeide, John D. Yang, Mingyou Goosmann, Erik A. Hon, Julia Haeuser, Emily Cork, Michael A. Perkins, Samantha Jahagirdar, Deepa Schaeffer, Lauren E. Serfes, Audrey L. LeGrand, Kate E. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abebo, Zeleke Hailemariam Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adegbosin, Adeyinka Emmanuel Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Akalu, Yonas Akinyemi, Oluwaseun Oladapo Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Noore Alamneh, Alehegn Aderaw Alanzi, Turki M. Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Tilahun Alipour, Vahid Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Ansari, Fereshteh Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew Anvari, Davood Anwer, Razique Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asmare, Wondwossen Niguse Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Ausloos, Marcel Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Basu, Sanjay Bayati, Mohsen Bedi, Neeraj Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M. Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bibi, Sadia Bikbov, Boris Birhan, Tsegaye Adane Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Bockarie, Moses John Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath Butt, Zahid A. Cárdenas, Rosario Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Cook, Aubrey J. Cormier, Natalie Maria Cowden, Richard G. Culquichicon, Carlos Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. D Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Insights Program Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle WA United States Global Programs Medical Teams International Seattle WA United States Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA United States Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia College of Medicine and Health Science Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Nursing Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Biomedical Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Brehan

Background: High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000–18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings: The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2·8 (95% uncertainty interval 2·1–3·8) in Mauritania to 1585·9 (1369·4–1824·8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0·8 (0·7–0·9) in Mauritania to 676·5 (513·6–888·0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique,

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Abstracts Of Shellfish Technical Papers Presented at the joint meeting of the Northeast Aquaculture Conference and Exposition Milford Aquaculture Seminar and the International Conference on Shellfish Restoration Groton, Connecticut December 12–15, 2012

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Journal of Shellfish Research 2013年第2期32卷 571-612页

作者： Walter Blogoslawski Christopher Davis Dorothy Leonard Lisa Milke Steven Allen Peter Bergstrom A.C. Carpenter Mark Luckenbach Kennedy Paynter Angela Sowers Eric Weissberger James Wesson Stephanie Westby Steven Allen Stephanie Westby Claire O'Neil Angela Sowers Eric Weisberrger Oliver Bender Peter Boyce Gabriel Betty Mark Borrelli Anamarija Frankic Curtis Felix Jennifer Wilson Peter Boyce Oliver Bender Suzanne Bricker Tessa Getchis Cary Chadwick Julie Rose Cori Rose Kelsey Brockett Jessica Peterman David Bushek Daphne Munroe Eric Powell Lisa Calvo Barney Hollinger William Riggin William Shadel Jenny Paterno Ryan Carnegie David Bushek Carole Cyr Lisandre G. Solomon Francoise Bourque Tyler Carrier Stephen Eddy Sarah Redmond James Cervino Rand Weeks Jason Shorr Carmen Lin Dajana Gjoza Thomas J. Goreau Erik Chapman Derrick Chelikowsky Diane Kapareiko Dorothy Jefferess Gary Wikfors Carmela Cuomo Joseph Choromanski Sheila Stiles Dorothy Jeffress Haley Ladeau Loren Coen Boze Hancock Lesley Baggett Sean Powers Rob Brumbaugh Summer Morlock Bryan DeAngelis Anne Cohen Daniel McCorkle Gail Schwietermann Kathryn Rose Dave Conley SaiGiridhar Dasika April Croxton Soren Dahl Debra Barnes Bassem Allam Jonathan Davis Brian Allen Betsy Peabody Jonathan Davis Julie Davis William Walton Donatella Del Piero Michael Devin Molly Flanagan Paul Rawson Chauncey Devin Dana Morse Mark S. Dixon Genevieve Bernatchez Kelsey Boeff Eve Galimany Yaqin Li Aynur Lok Shannon L. Meseck Marguerite Petit Sean Dixon Sam Lee Dennis O'Connor Kelly Drake Shelley Edmundson Elizabeth Fairchild Melissa Evans Allison Fitzgerald Chester Zarnoch William Wallace Amy Fitzpatrick Gef Flimlin Sandra Macfarlane Gef Flimlin Thomas Foca David Bushek Timothy Visel Walter Blogoslawski Deborah A. Bouchard Joseph Buttner John Ewart Ann Faulds George E. Flimlin Doris Hicks Craig Hollingsworth Andrew Lazur Dale Leavitt Dennis McIntosh Dana L. Morse Tom Rippen Gregg Rivara Roxanna Smolowitz Dan Terlizzi Don Webster Michael Chambers Diane C. Murphy Robert Pomeroy Josh Reitsma Mic U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center Milford Laboratory 212 Rogers Avenue Milford CT 06460 Maine Aquaculture Innovation Center 5717 Corbett Hall Room 436 Orono ME 04469 Ocean Equities LLC 776 Rolling View Drive Annapolis MD 21409. Oyster Recovery Partnership 1805A Virginia St Annapolis MD 21401 NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office 410 Severn Ave Suite 207-A Annapolis MD 21403 Potomac River Fisheries Commission 222 Taylor St Colonial Beach VA 22443 Virginia Institute of Marine Science Eastern Shore Laboratory PO Box 350 Wachapreague VA 23480 1213 HJ Patterson Hall University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Baltimore District P.O. Box 1715 Baltimore MD 21203 Maryland Department of Natural Resources 580 Taylor Ave Annapolis MD 21401 Virginia Marine Resources Commission 2600 Washington Ave Newport News VA 23607 NOAA Restoration Center 410 Severn Ave Annapolis MD 21403. Oyster Recovery Partnership 1805A Virginia St Annpolis MD 21401 National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration 410 Severn Ave Suite 107-A Annapolis MD 21403 USA Army Corps of Engineers 10 South Howard St Baltimore MD 21201 Maryland Department of Natural Resources 580 Taylor Ave Tawes State Office Building Annapolis MD 21401. Maria Mitchell Association 4 Vestal St Nantucket MA 02554 Maria Mitchell Association 65 Meadowview Drive Nantucket MA 02554. University of Rhode Island 620 Main St. Hopkinton RI 02832. Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies 5 Holway Avenue Provincetown MA 02657 University of Massachusetts Boston 100 Morrissey Blvd Boston Massachusetts Boston MA Town of Wellfleet 300 Main Street Wellfleet Massachusetts MA 02667. Maria Mitchell Association 65 Meadowview Dr Nantucket MA 02554. NOAA National Center for Coastal Ocean Science 1305 East West Highway Room 8110 Silver Spring MD 20910 Connecticut Sea Grant University o

It was with great excitement that we planned the combined meetings of Northeast Aquaculture Conference and Exposition (NACE) and the International Conference on Shellfish Restoration (ICSR) with the 33rd Milford Aquaculture Seminar (MAS). Bringing these different but complementary audiences together resulted in a meeting that combined many different aspects of fisheries restoration and aquaculture under one *** hundred attendees including government representatives, research scientists, industry, and academia at both the university and vocational high school levels attended this event. The meeting commenced on Wednesday December 12th 2012, with over eighty people attending seven field trips to area aquaculture farms and research facilities. The formal program began on Thursday, December 13th with a plenary session including invited speakers Eric Schwabb, Acting Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Management at NOAA; Sebastian Belle, Executive Director of the Maine Aquaculture Association and Boze Hancock from the Nature Conservancy, who discussed the role of aquaculture in fisheries restoration. John Bullard, the Northeast Regional Administrator of NOAA Fisheries Service, addressed the group during the luncheon the following day. The technical papers and workshops presented were divided into 35 sessions over three days of the meeting and included topics such as the history of aquaculture, aquaculture hatchery innovations, siting and planning issues, risk management, aquaculture business management, ocean acidification, climate change, as well as aquaculture disease issues and potential remedies. Having persons present who have experienced problems and successes, along with those in manufacturing and government responsible for addressing concerns and sharing best practices, was invaluable. Discussions among this cross-section of persons who represent different aspects of aquaculture were as important as the well-presented and interesting formal papers

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