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Jing-Si Herbal Tea Suppresses H2O2-Instigated Inflammation and Apoptosis by Inhibiting Bax and Mitochondrial Cytochrome C Release in HIG-82 Synoviocytes

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Environmental Toxicology 2024年第12期39卷 5347-5356页

作者： Kao, Shih-Wen Chang, Yu-Chun Lin, Feng-Huei Huang, Tai-Lung Chen, Tung-Sheng Lin, Shinn-Zong Lin, Kuan-Ho Kuo, Wei-Wen Ho, Tsung-Jung Huang, Chih-Yang Graduate Institute of Aging Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology College of Life Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research National Health Research Institute Miaoli Taiwan Department of Orthopedics Chung-Kang Branch Cheng Ching General Hospital Taichung Taiwan School of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of Neurosurgery Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Bioinnovation Center Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Department of Emergency Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry China Medical University Taichung Taiwan School of Pharmacy China Medical University Taichung Taiwan School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine College of Medicine Tzu chi University Hualien Taiwan Department of Chinese Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan

Inflammation is an intrinsic protective mechanism against various forms of cellular injuries in humans;however, its undesired activation results in tissue damage and cell death. The onset of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are the key characteristics of autoimmune inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), for which an effective treatment is yet to be developed. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of a novel herbal preparation, Jing-Si herbal tea (JS), against H2O2-induced inflammation and cellular damage in HIG-82 synoviocytes. We found that JS did not show any significant alterations in cell viability at 2O2-induced pathological oxidative stress (ROS) in HIG-82 cells. Interestingly, JS treatment not only reduced the ROS levels but also significantly repressed the protein expressions of collagen degrading proteases in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with JS showed enhanced cell viability against H2O2-induced toxic ROS levels. The expressions of cell protective aggrecan, Collagen II, and Bcl-2 were increased, whereas MMP-13, ADAMTS-2, Cytochrome C, and cleaved Caspase 3 were decreased by JS under inflammatory agents H2O2, MIA, LPS, and TNF-α treatment, respectively, in HIG-82 cells. Interestingly, the cytoprotective effect of JS treatment was attributed to a decreased mitochondrial localization of Bax and a reduction of Cytochrome C release into the cytoplasm of H2O2-treated HIG-82 cells. Collectively, our results suggest a novel protective mechanism of JS for RA treatment, which could be potentially applied as a complementary treatment or as an alternative therapeutic approach to mitigate inflammatory diseases. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Cell death

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Bioactivity, Efficacy, and Safety of a Wound Healing Ointment With Medicinal Plant Bioactives: In Vitro and In Vivo Preclinical Evaluations

Scientific World Journal

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Scientific World Journal 2025年第1期2025卷 9466270页

作者： Floriano, Juliana Ferreira Rodrigues, Daniel Ohara, Rie Almeida, Nara Lígia Martins Lara, Vanessa Soares Sartorelli, Patricia Graeff, Carlos Frederico de Oliveira Grecco, Simone dos Santos González, Alejandra Hortencia Miranda D’Alpino, Paulo Henrique Perlatti Imperial College London National Heart and Lung Institute imperial.ac.uk GBR London United Kingdom Botucatu Medical School São Paulo State University (UNESP) São Paulo unesp.br BRA Botucatu Brazil Bioengineering and Biomaterials Group School of Pharmaceutical Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) unesp.br BRA Araraquara São Paulo Brazil Biotechnology and Innovation in Health Program Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo (UNIAN) São Paulo BRA Brazil Brazil Department of Health Management Fundação Nacional de Gestão de Saúde São Paulo Brazil Undergraduate Program Medical School Universidade Nove de Julho Bauru São Paulo Brazil Department of Surgery Stomatology Pathology and Radiology Bauru School of Dentistry University of São Paulo (USP) São Paulo usp.br BRA Bauru Brazil Department of Chemistry Institute of Environmental Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo unifesp.br BRA Diadema Brazil Department of Physics School of Sciences POSMAT-Post-Graduate Program in Materials Science and Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP) São Paulo Bauru Brazil Department of Research and Development (RD) and Innovation Center Triplet Biotechnology Solutions Inc Bauru São Paulo Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry Uniderp Anhanguera University Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Integrated Dental Sciences University of Cuiabá (UNIC) Mato Grosso do Sul Cuiabá Brazil Department of Physics School of Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) São Paulo unesp.br BRA Bauru Brazil

Chronic wounds have a significant impact on patients’ quality of life, necessitating the management of pain, infection, bleeding, and emotional challenges. Debridement, which involves the removal of nonviable tissue, is crucial for promoting wound healing. In addition to surgical methods, cost-effective alternatives such as local solutions and ointments with biological properties have been explored. The use of natural compounds with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and collagen-synthesizing abilities holds promise for wound healing. This in vitro and in vivo preclinical study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of a wound healing ointment containing bioactive ingredients derived from medicinal plants (extracts, essential oils, and vegetable oils). The chemical composition of the ointment was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to gain insights into its synergistic action. Preclinical tests were conducted following standardized protocols. FTIR analysis revealed similarities between the product’s spectrum and that of bioactive compounds. The in vitro tests demonstrated that all formulations of the ointment induced no cell death, DNA damage, or acute toxicity in cell cultures (p < 0.05). No lethal dose was observed, indicating the safety of the ointment at all concentrations. The ointment also stimulated a notably more organized, significantly higher collagen production compared to control groups (p < 0.05). In vivo preclinical analyses also demonstrated no adverse responses being effective in the healing process compared to the control group (silver sulfadiazine) in terms of wound contraction and ulcer re-epithelization (p < 0.05). Significantly higher means of wound contraction were observed in the groups treated with the bioactive-containing ointment when compared to both the positive control group (sulfadiazine) and the control untreated groups (p < 0.05). The regenerative ointment exhibited excellent biocompatibility and bi

关键词： biocompatibility chronic wounds natural compounds preclinical tests wound care

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Dark Diversity of Odonata in Amazonian Streams

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Pereira Moura, Lucas Viana, Carolina Gomes Juen, Leandro Marques Couceiro, Sheyla Regina Post-Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology BioNorte Federal University of Western Pará Tapajós Campus Vera Paz sn block 11 room 03 Salé. Santarém – Pará Brazil Federal University of Western Pará. Tapajós Campus Vera Paz sn block 11 room 03 Salé. Santarém - Pará Brazil Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Pará Rua Antônio Côrrea 1 Pará Belém Brazil Laboratory of Ecology and Taxonomy of Aquatic Invertebrates Institute of Water Sciences and Technology Federal University of Western Pará Tapajós Campus Vera Paz sn block 11 room 03 Salé. Santarém - Pará Brazil

The biological diversity of a region may not be completely sampled due to the low abundance or rarity of species, which are determined by the specificity of their niches. This unsampled diversity, but with the potential to occur in the regional species pool, can be inferred as dark diversity, and understanding it is fundamentally important in biodiverse regions like the Amazon. Therefore, to expand knowledge about Odonata diversity in the Eastern Amazon considering dark diversity, we tested the hypotheses that: 1) Environmental variables will have effects on dark diversity, with greater explanation by canopy cover, and;2) Functional traits associated with species dispersal (morphological and behavioral) are correlated with low dark diversity of Odonata. For this, adult Odonata specimens were sampled and structural and physico-chemical water variables were measured in 128 first- to third-order streams in the Eastern Amazon. A total of 4.031 specimens were sampled, distributed across 42 genera and 141 species. Morphological and behavioral data were recorded for each specimen. Generalized linear models (GLMs) were applied to predict effects on dark diversity. Our results indicate that the sampled environmental variables as well as the analyzed behaviors did not show effects on dark diversity. However, body conformation, with species having narrower wings, longer hind wings, narrower thoraxes, and shorter abdomens, comprises most of the dark diversity. These characteristics confer greater maneuverability to avoid obstacles "created" by vegetation, representing specimens that may be difficult to capture in nature, thereby concealing the real diversity of Odonata species in the Eastern Amazon. However, it is important to exercise caution when using the dark diversity of Odonata, as this approach did not detect the effects of the environmental gradient on absent species. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Cartilage and bone tissue engineering using adipose stromal/stem cells spheroids as building blocks

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第2期12卷 110-122页

作者： Gabriela S Kronemberger Renata Akemi Morais Matsui Guilherme de Almeida Santos de Castro e Miranda JoséMauro Granjeiro Leandra Santos Baptista Bioengineering Directory of Metrology Applied to Life SciencesNational Institute of MetrologyQuality and Technology(INMETRO)Duque de CaxiasRJ 25250-020Brazil Post-graduate Program in Translational Biomedicine(Biotrans) UnigranrioCampus IDuque de CaxiasRJ 25250-020Brazil Post-graduate Program in Biotechnology National Institute of MetrologyQuality and Technology(INMETRO)Duque de CaxiasRJ 25250-020Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ) Campus Duque de CaxiasDuque de CaxiasRJ 25250-020Brazil Laboratory of Clinical Research in Odontology Fluminense Federal University(UFF)Niterói 25255-030 Brazil Multidisciplinary Center for Biological Research(Numpex-Bio) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Campus Duque de CaxiasDuque de CaxiasRJ 25245-390Brazil

Scaffold-free techniques in the developmental tissue engineering area are designed to mimic in vivo embryonic processes with the aim of biofabricating,in vitro,tissues with more authentic *** clusters called spheroids are the basis for scaffold-free tissue *** this review,we explore the use of spheroids from adult mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as a model in the developmental engineering area in order to mimic the developmental stages of cartilage and bone *** from adult mesenchymal stromal/stem cells lineages recapitulate crucial events in bone and cartilage formation during embryogenesis,and are capable of spontaneously fusing to other spheroids,making them ideal building blocks for bone and cartilage tissue ***,we discuss data from ours and other labs on the use of adipose stromal/stem cell spheroids in chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in ***,recent studies support the notion that spheroids are ideal"building blocks"for tissue engineering by“bottom-up”approaches,which are based on tissue assembly by advanced techniques such as three-dimensional *** studies on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that orchestrate spheroid fusion are now crucial to support continued development of bottom-up tissue engineering approaches such as three-dimensional bioprinting.

关键词： Adipose stromal/stem cells Spheroids Building-blocks Bottom-up Developmental tissue engineering Cartilage and bone

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Development and Characterization of Powdered Antioxidant Compounds Made from Shiraz (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Peels and Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.)

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Scientific World Journal 2022年第1期2022卷 7664321页

作者： Souza, Euzélia Lima Nascimento, Talita Sousa Magalhães, Camila Miranda Barreto, Gabriele De Abreu Leal, Ingrid Lessa Anjos, Jeancarlo Pereira Dos Machado, Bruna Aparecida Souza Post-Graduate Program-Industrial Technology and Management University Center SENAI/CIMATEC Salvador Bahia Brazil Nutrition School Gastronomy Course Federal University of Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil Institute of Health Sciences Biotechnology Course Federal University of Bahia Salvador Bahia Brazil SENAI Institute of Innovation in Advanced Health Systems (ISI SAS) University Center SENAI/CIMATEC National Service of Industrial Learning-SENAI Salvador Bahia Brazil Laboratory of Applied Research in Food and Biotechnology University Center SENAI/CIMATEC National Service of Industrial Learning-SENAI Salvador Bahia Brazil

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is a plant containing many phenolic compounds, mostly distributed in the peel, pulp, and seeds. This study evaluates the centesimal composition and bioactive compounds in Shiraz grape (Vitis vinifera) peels using spectrophotometric and UHPLC techniques and develops different formulations of compound powders from the peels and arrowroot using conventional drying technology. The results demonstrate that Shiraz grape skin contains significant amounts of insoluble fiber (15.3%), phenolics (157.09 ± 6.96-149.11 ± 9.27 mg GAE g-1), and flavonoids (0.75 ± 0.50-2.00 ± 0.50 mg QE g-1), with excellent antioxidant capacity observed in the alcoholic extracts. The phenolic content in the developed powdered compounds ranged from 128.32 to 139.70 mg GAE g-1. In general, the compounds showed good antioxidant capacity (IC50 = 0.17 to 0.19 μg mL-1). According to the chromatographic evaluation, it was possible to quantify gallic acid, catechin, and epicatechin, the latter of which was found in the largest quantities in the six formulations. The EV5 formulation was the most efficient in terms of phenolic compounds and protein amounts. This formulation's composition and low cost could make it viable for use in the food industry. © 2022 Euzélia Lima Souza et al.

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Ohwia caudata extract relieves the IL-17A-induced inflammatory response of synoviocytes through modulation of SOCS3 and JAK2/STAT3 activation

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Environmental Toxicology 2023年第8期38卷 1914-1924页

作者： Lu, Cheng-You Kuo, Chia-Hua Kuo, Wei-Wen Hsieh, Dennis Jine-Yuan Wang, Tso-Fu Shih, Cheng-Yen Lin, Pi-Yu Lin, Shinn-Zong Ho, Tsung-Jung Huang, Chih-Yang Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine College of Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Sports Sciences University of Taipei Taipei Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry China Medical University Taichung Taiwan School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan Clinical Laboratory Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Hematology and Oncology Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Department of Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation Hualien Taiwan Bioinnovation Center Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Department of Neurosurgery Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Integration of Chinese Medicine and Modern Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Department of Chinese Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology Asia University Taichung Taiwan Center of General Education Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology Hualien Taiwan

Fibroblast-like synoviocytes accumulation, proliferation and activation, and the subsequent inflammatory mediators production play a key role in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is well established that Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling triggers inflammation, and induces cytokine levels in RA. Ohwia caudata have long been used against many disorders. However, in RA, the effects of O. caudata have not been elucidated. In the current study, synoviocytes were used to evaluate the suppressive effects of O. caudate extract (OCE) on the pro-inflammatory cytokines production. In vitro, the underlying mechanisms by which OCE inhibits inflammatory response through regulation of suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and JAK2/STAT3 expression in IL-17A-treated HIG-82 synoviocytes were investigated. The results demonstrated that the proliferation of IL-17A-challenged cells were increased in comparison with non-stimulated control cells. The synoviocyte proliferation was decreased significantly of OCE concentrations in dose dependent manner. The p-JAK2, p-STAT3, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were reduced in IL-17A-challenged cells treated with OCE. Furthermore, AZD1480 (a JAK2-specific inhibitor) or WP1066 (a STAT3-specific inhibitor) affected the inflammatory mediators production in IL-17A-challenged synoviocytes, and OCE failed to mitigate the IL-17A-induced inflammatory mediators and SOCS3, acting as a feedback inhibitor of the JAK/STAT3 pathway, in the presence of SOCS3 siRNA, indicating that the beneficial effects of OCE on the regulation of inflammatory response homeostasis were dependent on SOCS3 and the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Our study also showed that SOCS3 was markedly activated by OCE in RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes, thereby decreasing the JAK/STAT3 pathway, and the IL-1β, and IL-6 activation. Thus, O. caudate should be further investigated as a candidate anti-inflammatory and anti-a

关键词： Chemical activation

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Gold Nanoparticle Decorated Bismuth Vanadate Casting on Screen-Printed Electrode for Chlortetracycline Detection in Tap Water

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Ngo, Duy Ba Gopi, Praveen Kumar Rajkumar, Muniyandi Chen, Shen-Ming Rijiravannich, Patsamon Khownarumit, Porntip Somasundrum, Mithran Surareungchai, Werasak Bangkhuntien-chaitalay Rd. Bangkok10150 Thailand Analytical Sciences and National Doping Test Institute Mahidol University Rama VI Rd. Bangkok10400 Thailand Electroanalysis and Bioelectrochemistry Lab Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology No.1 Section 3 Chung-Hsiao East Rd. Taipei106 Taiwan Bioscience and System Biology Research Team National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology National Sciences and Technology Development Agency at KMUTT Bangkhuntien-chaitalay Rd. Bangkok10150 Thailand Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute KMUTT Bangkhuntien-chaitalay Rd. Bangkok10150 Thailand Nanoscience and nanotechnology graduate program Faculty of Science KMUTT Pracha Uthit Rd. Bangkok10140 Thailand PSG College of Arts and Science Civil Aerodrome Post Tamil Nadu Coimbatore641014 India Quarter 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City720400 Viet Nam

Background Chlortetracycline (CTC) belongs to the class of tetracycline’s compounds, which is known for its antibacterial activity. CTC was largely consumed by farm animals than humans, which leads to the growth antibiotic – resistant bacteria and environmental contamination. So far no one reported the electrochemical detection and determination of CTC by using AuNPs@BiVO4 composite. Some reports have been reported using conventional chromatography which is most expensive, time-consuming and highly equipped method. Results Here, we report a simple method for preparing gold nanoparticle decorated bismuth vanadate (AuNPs@BiVO4), which was dropped cast on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The AuNPs@BiVO4 and AuNPs@BiVO4/SPCE materials were characterized using TEM, SEM-EDX, XPS, DLS, ELS, EIS, and CV. The as-prepared AuNPs@BiVO4/SPCE was used to detect and determine chlortetracycline (CTC) by different pulse potentials in phosphate buffer pH 7.0. The electrode possessed a wide linear range of 0.99 – 19.06 µM, with obtained LOD = 0.15 µM, LOQ = 0.49 µM, and sensitivity = 0.059 μA μM-1 cm-2. It also exhibited good selectivity, stability, and repeatability, recovering 87.14% - 100% for detecting CTC in Mili Q and tap water. Significance Facile and rapid synthesis of AuNPs@BiVO4 nanocomposite film modified electrode at physiological pH conditions has been prepared and A highly electrochemical detection and determination of CTC using AuNPs@BiVO4 nanocomposite film has been developed for the first time. Thus, the proposed electrode could be applied for the detection and determination of CTC in water sources and has the potential to be used for real sample analysis. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanocomposites

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Beta-Glucans from Mushroom Waste Can Enhance Sustainability and Productivity in the Seafood Industry: A Novel Approach for Oyster Protection and Meat Content Enhancement

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Murphy, J. Emma Fehrenbach, Gustavo Waltzer Tanoeiro, João Rui Pogue, Robert Edward Carter, Frank Lemos, Marco F.L. Major, Ian Rezoagli, Emanuele Murray, Patrick Materials Research Institute Technological University of the Shannon Midlands Campus AthloneN37 HD68 Ireland Post-Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Catholic University of Brasilia Brasilia71966-700 Brazil Coney Island Shellfish Ltd. SligoF91 YH56 Ireland MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre ARNET–Aquatic Research Network ESTM Politécnico de Leiria Peniche Portugal Research Institute Technological University of the Shannon Midwest Campus LimerickV94 EC5T Ireland School of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-Bicocca Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori Monza Italy Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori Monza Italy

In 2020, the aquaculture industry experienced significant expansion and yielded a total of 17.74 million tonnes of bivalve shellfish. Among these, the Crassostrea species contributed 5.45 million tonnes, mostly because of its exceptional nutritional and ecological worth. Despite this success, the industry confronts challenges such as infectious diseases and harmful algal blooms, which contribute to significant mortality and economic losses. These issues are further compounded by the ecological and health impacts of antibiotic use. In response, this study explores a sustainable alternative: the application of beta-glucans derived from the waste of King oyster and Maitake mushrooms. This research investigates the impact of beta-glucans on the immune responses, survival rates, protein content, antioxidant activities, and bacteriostatic properties of depurated oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Results indicate that beta-glucan treatments not only enhance hemocyte viability, indicating a stress-mitigating effect, but also increase protein levels and antioxidant activities in oysters. This leads to greater resilience against environmental stressors. Additionally, beta-glucans exhibit bacteriostatic properties that could extend the shelf life of seafood and bolster oyster immunity. Together, these findings underscore the potential of beta-glucans as a promising tool for advancing sustainable practices in aquaculture. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polysaccharides

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Phage display-derived alpaca nanobodies as potential therapeutics for Naja atra snake envenomation

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Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2024年第8期90卷 e0012124页

作者： Wang, Wei-Chu Chang, Jungshan Lee, Chi-Hsin Chiang, Yu-Wei Leu, Sy-Jye Mao, Yan-Chiao Chiang, Jen-Ron Yang, Chun-Kai Wu, Chao-Jung Yang, Yi-Yuan Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Core Laboratory of Antibody Generation and Research Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Medical Research Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Biology and Anatomy National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan Foundation for Poison Control Taipei Taiwan Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan School of Medicine National Defense Medical Centre Taipei Taiwan Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine College of Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Division of Clinical Toxicology Department of Emergency Medicine Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung Taiwan Bioproduction Plants National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Taiwan Interdisciplinary Research on Ecology and Sustainability National Dong Hwa University Hualien Taiwan

Naja atra, the Chinese cobra, is a major cause of snake envenomation in Asia, causing hundreds of thousands of clinical incidents annually. The current treatment, horse serum-derived antivenom, has unpredictable side effects and presents manufacturing challenges. This study focused on developing new-generation snake venom antidotes by using microbial phage display technology to derive nanobodies from an alpaca immunized with attenuated N. atra venom. Following confirmation of the immune response in the alpaca, we amplified VHH genes from isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and constructed a phage display VHH library of 1.0 × 107 transformants. After four rounds of biopanning, the enriched phages exhibited increased binding activity to N. atra venom. Four nanobody clones with high binding affinities were selected: aNAH1, aNAH6, aNAH7, and aNAH9. Specificity testing against venom from various snake species, including two Southeast Asian cobra species, revealed nanobodies specific to the genus Naja. An in vivo mouse venom neutralization assay demonstrated that all nanobodies prolonged mouse survival and aNAH6 protected 66.6% of the mice from the lethal dosage. These findings highlight the potential of phage display-derived nanobodies as valuable antidotes for N. atra venom, laying the groundwork for future applications in snakebite treatment. Copyright © 2024 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Mammals

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Modified Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of a Bioglass-Based Composite for Guided Bone Regeneration

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Scientific World Journal 2021年第1期2021卷 4295433页

作者： Silva, Marcos José Da Alves, Wellington Graeff, Carlos Frederico De Oliveira Centro Universitário FIEO-UNIFEO SP Osasco Brazil Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN) Butanta SP Brazil São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Sciences POSMAT (Post-Graduate Program in Materials Science and Technology) SP Bauru Brazil Triplet Biotechnology Solutions SP São Paulo Brazil

Objectives. Bioglass composites and polymers are materials of great interest for the medical and dental areas due to their properties, combining the bioactivity of ceramic materials and the mechanical properties of polymers. The purpose of the present study was to develop and to characterize the physicochemical and morphological properties an experimental bioglass-based ternary composite composed associated with sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The compatibility of functional groups with bioglass was previously evaluated. The composite was then synthesized and evaluated in terms of morphology, elemental composition, compressive strength, porosity, and bioactivity. Materials and Methods. The bioglass was previously synthesized using a sol-gel route and characterized using FTIR analysis to identify the functional groups. The bone graft composite was then synthesized associating the bioglass with PVA, surfactant Triton X, and Na-CMC. The composite was then morphologically characterized using SEM/EDS. The porosity of the composite was analyzed using μCT, which also provided the composite compression strength. The composite was then evaluated in terms of its bioactivity using SEM/EDS analyses after immersion in SBF for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Results. FTIR analysis confirmed, among other components, the presence of Si-O-Ca and Si-O-Si bonds, compatible with bioglass. SEM analysis exhibited a composite with a porous structure without spikes. The elemental mapping confirmed the presence of Si, Ca, and P in the composite. μCT analysis demonstrated a porous structure with 42.67% of open pores and an average compression strength of 124.7 MPa. It has also demonstrated ionic changes in the composite surface after immersion in SBF, with increasing detection of Ca and P as a function of time, highlighting its chemical bioactivity. Conclusions. It can be concluded that the proposed bioglass-based composite presents a three-dimensional, well-structu

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