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5th International Conference on Bioimaging, BIOIMAGING 2018 - Part of 11th International Joint Conference on Biomedical engineering Systems and Technologies, BIOSTEC 2018

作者： Oliveira, Gustavo C. Varoto, Renato Cliquet, Alberto University of São Paulo Interunits Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of São Paulo São Carlos - SP Brazil Campinas - SP Brazil Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of São Paulo São Carlos - SP Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9789897582783

We present a technique for automatic brain tumor segmentation in magnetic resonance images, combining a modified version of a Genetic Algorithm Clustering method with an AdaBoost Classifier. In a group of 42 FLAIR images, segmentations produced by the algorithm were compared to the ground truth information produced by radiologists. The mean Dice similarity coefficient reached by the algorithm was 70.3%. In most cases, the AdaBoost classifier increased the quality of the segmentation, improving, on average, the DSC in about 10%. Our implementation of the Genetic Algorithm Clustering method presents improvements compared to the original method. The use of a fixed, small number of groups and smaller population allowed for less computational effort. In addition, adaptive restriction in the initial segmentation was achieved by using the information of the groups with highest and 2nd-highest mean intensities. By exploring intensity and spatial information of the pixels, the AdaBoost classifier improved segmentation results. Copyright © 2018 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Coupling rendering and generative adversarial networks for artificial SAS image generation

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Reed, Albert Gerg, Isaac D. McKay, John D. Brown, Daniel C. Williams, David P. Jayasuriya, Suren School of Electrical Computer & Energy Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ United States School of Arts Media & Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ United States Applied Research Laboratory Pennsylvania State University State College PA United States Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University State College PA United States School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Pennsylvania State University State College PA United States NATO STO Centre for Maritime Research & Experimentation La Spezia Italy

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A potential neurophysiological correlate of electric-acoustic pitch matching in adult cochlear implant users: Pilot data

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Cochlear Implants International 2018年第4期19卷 198-209页

作者： Tan, Chin-Tuan Martin, Brett A. Svirsky, Mario A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Behavioral and Brain Science (Callier Center for Communication Disorders) University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX United States Program in Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences and Program in Audiology Graduate Center City University of New York New York NY United States Department of Otolaryngology New York University New York NY United States

The overall goal of this study was to identify an objective physiological correlate of electric-acoustic pitch matching in unilaterally implanted cochlear implant (CI) participants with residual hearing in the non-implanted ear. electrical and acoustic stimuli were presented in a continuously alternating fashion across ears. The acoustic stimulus and the electrical stimulus were either matched or mismatched in pitch. Auditory evoked potentials were obtained from nine CI users. Results indicated that N1 latency was stimulus-dependent, decreasing when the acoustic frequency of the tone presented to the non-implanted ear was increased. More importantly, there was an additional decrease in N1 latency in the pitch-matched condition. These results indicate the potential utility of N1 latency as an index of pitch matching in CI users. © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Auditory evoked potential Electric-acoustic pitch matching N1 latency

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Scaling Limitations of Line TFETs at Sub-8-nm Technology Node

Scaling Limitations of Line TFETs at Sub-8-nm Technology Nod...

引用

International Symposium on VLSI Technology, Systems and Applications

作者： Narasimhulu Thoti Yiming Li Sekhar Reddy Kola Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory National Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu Taiwan EECS International Graduate Program National Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Communications Engineering National Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu Taiwan Center for mmWave Smart Radar System and Technologies National Chiao Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Rd. Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781728142326

ISBN: (纸本)9781728142333

The scope of the work is to investigate limitations in device scaling by identifying various parameters of short channel effects (SCEs) in current challenging geometries of the line tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs). Key factors of the considered device, such as the doping and the thickness (t n ) of n-epitaxial region, and source-to-drain length (L SDeff ) scaling cannot be tuned anymore to boost the device characteristics for the sub-8-nm technology node. The main results of this study indicates that the engineering acceptable performance are achieved at a low doping of 5 × 10 18 cm -3 , an optimal t n as low (about 0.5 nm), and a L SDeff greater than 12.5 nm. Hence, the line TFETs below sub-8-nm faces serious bottleneck of scaling and cannot be further scaled with the conventional scaling rule at all.

关键词： Electron devices Solids

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Kramers Nodal Lines and Weyl Fermions in SmAlSi

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Yichen Gao, Yuxiang Gao, Xue-Jian Lei, Shiming Ni, Zhuoliang Oh, Ji Seop Huang, Jianwei Yue, Ziqin Zonno, Marta Gorovikov, Sergey Hashimoto, Makoto Lu, Donghui Denlinger, Jonathan D. Birgeneau, Robert J. Kono, Junichiro Wu, Liang Law, Kam Tuen Morosan, Emilia Yi, Ming Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Canadian Light Source Inc. 44 Innovation Boulevard SaskatoonSKS7N 2V3 Canada Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berekeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Materials Science Division Lawrence Berekeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Kramers nodal lines (KNLs) have recently been proposed theoretically as a special type of Weyl line degeneracy connecting time-reversal invariant momenta. KNLs are robust to spin orbit coupling and are inherent to all non-centrosymmetric achiral crystal structures, leading to unusual spin, magneto-electric, and optical properties. However, their existence in in real quantum materials has not been experimentally established. Here we gather the experimental evidence pointing at the presence of KNLs in SmAlSi, a non-centrosymmetric metal that develops incommensurate spin density wave order at low temperature. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, density functional theory calculations, and magneto-transport methods, we provide evidence suggesting the presence of KNLs, together with observing Weyl fermions under the broken inversion symmetry in the paramagnetic phase of SmAlSi. We discuss the nesting possibilities regarding the emergent magnetic orders in SmAlSi. Our results provide a solid basis of experimental observations for exploring correlated topology in SmAlSi. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Temperature

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Spoof-Fluid-Spoof Acoustic Waveguide and its Applications for Sound Manipulation

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Physical Review Applied 2019年第5期12卷 054014-054014页

作者： Norbert Cselyuszka Andrea Alù Nikolina Janković BioSense Institute University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia Silicon Austria Labs Sensor System Microsystem Technologies Villach Austria Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10026 USA Department of Electrical Engineering City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA

We explore the implementation of a spoof–fluid-spoof (SFS) acoustic waveguide, which is the acoustic analogue of a metal-insulator–metal waveguide in plasmonics. The proposed structure consists of two corrugated rigid surfaces separated by a fluid layer. The properties of the guided acoustic modes between corrugated rigid parallel plates are analytically and numerically studied by deriving their dispersion relation and through a careful analysis of symmetric and antisymmetric modes supported by this structure. Similar to plasmonic waveguides, it is shown that the dispersion relation of the proposed SFS acoustic waveguide, and the supported group and phase velocities, can be largely controlled by changes in the geometrical parameters of the waveguide, opening the possibility for application of this technology for acoustic delay lines, modulators, and sensors. The analytical and numerical results are validated through experiments in a controlled environment.

关键词： Acoustic measurements Acoustic metamaterials Acoustic modeling Acoustic wave phenomena Plasmonics Surface plasmon polariton Waveguides Surface acoustic wave

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Influence of Magnetic Fields on Electrochemical Reactions of Redox Cofactor Solutions

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Angewandte Chemie 2021年第33期133卷

作者： Jimin Park Florian Koehler Georgios Varnavides Marc-Joseph Antonini Prof. Dr. Polina Anikeeva Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Research Laboratory of Electronics and McGovern Institute for Brain Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Harvard/MIT Health Science & Technology Graduate Program Cambridge MA 02139 USA Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA

Redox cofactors mediate many enzymatic processes and are increasingly employed in biomedical and energy applications. Exploring the influence of external magnetic fields on redox cofactor chemistry can enhance our understanding of magnetic-field-sensitive biological processes and allow the application of magnetic fields to modulate redox reactions involving cofactors. Through a combination of experiments and modeling, we investigate the influence of magnetic fields on electrochemical reactions in redox cofactor solutions. By employing flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor as a model system, we characterize magnetically induced changes in Faradaic currents. We find that radical pair intermediates have negligible influence on current increases in FMN solution upon application of a magnetic field. The dominant mechanism underlying the observed current increases is the magneto-hydrodynamic effect. We extend our analyses to other diffusion-limited electrochemical reactions of redox cofactor solutions and arrive at similar conclusions, highlighting the opportunity to use this framework in redox cofactor chemistry.

关键词： electrochemistry magnetic field effects magneto-hydrodynamic effect radicals redox cofactors

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Toward Quantification and Visualization of Active Stress Waves for Myocardial Biomechanical Function Assessment

Toward Quantification and Visualization of Active Stress Wav...

引用

computers in Cardiology (CinC)

作者： Niels F Otani Dylan Dang Christopher Beam Fariba Mohammadi Brian Wentz S M Kamrul Hasan Suzanne M Shontz Karl Q Schwarz Sabu Thomas Cristian A Linte School of Mathematical Sciences Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester NY Mechanical Engineering University of Kansas Lawrence KS Bioengineering Graduate Program University of Kansas Lawrence KS Center for Imaging Science Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester NY Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Kansas Lawrence KS Division of Cardiology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY

ISBN: (数字)9781728169361

ISBN: (纸本)9781728159423

Estimating and visualizing myocardial active stress wave patterns is crucial to understanding the mechanical activity of the heart and provides a potential non-invasive method to assess myocardial function. These patterns can be reconstructed by analyzing 2D and/or 3D tissue displacement data acquired using medical imaging. Here we describe an application that utilizes a 3D finite element formulation to reconstruct active stress from displacement data. As a proof of concept, a simple cubic mesh was used to represent a myocardial tissue "sample" consisting of a 10 x 10 x 10 lattice of nodes featuring different fiber directions that rotate with depth, mimicking cardiac transverse isotropy. In the forward model, tissue deformation was generated using a test wave with active stresses that mimic the myocardial contractile forces. The generated deformation field was used as input to an inverse model designed to reconstruct the original active stress distribution. We numerically simulated malfunctioning tissue regions (experiencing limited contractility and hence active stress) within the healthy tissue. We also assessed model sensitivity by adding noise to the deformation field generated using the forward model. The difference image between the original and reconstructed active stress distribution suggests that the model accurately estimates active stress from tissue deformation data with a high signal-to-noise ratio.

关键词： Stress Myocardium Strain Biomechanics Image reconstruction Imaging Deformable models

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Biaxial optical accelerometer based on ultra-high numerical aperture fiber for structural and electrical machines vibrations analysis

Biaxial optical accelerometer based on ultra-high numerical ...

引用

Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity and Poling in Glass Waveguides and Materials, BGPPM 2018

作者： Linessio, Rafael Pomorski da Silva, Jean Carlos Cardozo Tavares, Lucas Henrique dos Santos da Silva, Thiago Bavastri, Carlos Alberto Antunes, Paulo Fernando da Costa Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering Federal University of Technology - Paraná Av. Sete de Setembro 3165 Curitiba Paraná80.230-901 Brazil Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Paraná Av. Coronel Francisco Heráclito dos Santos 100 Curitiba Paraná81.531-980 Brazil Instituto de Telecomunicações and I3N Departamento de Física University of Aveiro 3810-193 Portugal

This paper presents a biaxial optical accelerometer using the Ultra-High NA fiber, for vibrations analysis in structures and electrical machines. The main characteristic of this sensor is smaller size and the higher n... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580439

关键词： Vibration analysis

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Atomic-Scale Defect Detection by Nonlinear Light Scattering and Localization

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Shafiei, Farbod Orzali, Tommaso Vert, Alexey Miri, Mohammad-Ali Hung, P.Y. Wong, Man Hoi Alù, Andrea Bersuker, Gennadi Downer, Michael C. Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States SEMATECH AlbanyNY United States Sunny Polytechnic Institute AlbanyNY United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Department of Physics Queens College of the CUNY QueensNY United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center CUNY New YorkNY United States Physics Program Graduate Center CUNY New YorkNY United States Aerospace Corporation Los AngelesCA United States

Hetero-epitaxial crystalline films underlie many electronic and optical technologies but are prone to forming defects at their hetero-interfaces. Atomic-scale defects such as threading dislocations that propagate into a film impede the flow of charge carriers and light degrading electrical/optical performance of devices. Diagnosis of sub-surface defects traditionally requires time-consuming invasive techniques such as cross–sectional transmission electron microscopy. Using III-V films grown on Si, we have demonstrated noninvasive, bench-top diagnosis of sub-surface defects by optical second-harmonic scanning probe microscope. We observed a high-contrast pattern of sub-wavelength "hot spots" caused by scattering and localization of fundamental light by defect scattering sites. Size of these observed hotspots are strongly correlated to the density of dislocation defects. Our results not only demonstrate a global and versatile method for diagnosing sub-surface scattering sites but uniquely elucidate optical properties of disordered media. An extension to third harmonics would enable irregularities detection in non-χ(2) materials making the technique universally applicable. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： High resolution transmission electron microscopy

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