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IAHS Scientific Assembly 2022 - Hydrological Sciences in the Anthropocene, IAHS 2022

作者： Da Alves, Rafaela S. Linhares, Samiramisthais S. Mobus, Gilberto Gasmi, Hela Martins, Eduardo S. P. R. Rocha, Renan V. Estacio, Alyson B. S. Fortaleza60.115-221 Brazil University of Bahia Post-Graduate Program in Geology Salvador40170-110 Brazil Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Ceara Fortaleza60020-181 Brazil

Climate change has modified global and local water cycle patterns inducing more intense and severe drought events. In the Ceara state (Northeast Brazil), a semiarid region very vulnerable to droughts, groundwater acts as a strategic reserve to ensure water security for small rural communities. Well drilling jointly with the building of dams and cisterns are the main policy performed by the public authority to cope with the droughts. This study performed a preliminary qualitative analysis to investigate the effects of dam building in the piezometric level of an alluvial aquifer in the Ceara state during the most recent drought (2012-2016). The micro-basins of the Algodao and Forquilha creek were selected as study area, in which the alluvial aquifer has been monitored by Funceme since 2010. The alluvial aquifer was extensively exploited for local agriculture before the drought (2012-2016) due to public policies of well drilling (2001-2002). During the most recent drought, the construction of new dams, coupled with reduced rainfall, compromised the recharge of the alluvial aquifer. We evaluate these effects through the groundwater level. The results revealed a continuous drawdown of groundwater in the monitored wells. Since 2017 the piezometric level started to rise, however, the graphs reveal a different behavior of the piezometric levels monitored after the latest drought, with sudden changes between the periods of recharge and drawdown of the alluvial aquifer. Field diagnostics with local stakeholders revealed how the latest drought changed the dynamics of the activities developed by the rural communities. Before the drought the aquifer supplied the local agriculture. The drought has affected the recharge of the alluvial aquifer and compromised local agriculture. Local stakeholders have adapted, and agriculture has been replaced by livestock. The heterogeneity of this environment and of its water users requires efficient management policies adapted for the local phy

关键词： Drought

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Decade-long performance of constructed wetlands in the dairy industry following an aerated facultative pond

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Chemosphere 2025年 376卷 144271页

作者： Vieira de Mendonça, Henrique Carvalho, Camila da Motta de Costa, Anderson Gomide Ribas, Maria Clara Euriques, Jorge Felipe Post-graduate Program in Agricultural and Environmental Engineering / Institute of Technology / Engineering Department Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro Campus Seropédica Seropédica RJ Rio de Janeiro23890-000 Brazil

Long-term data are essential for decision-making in the operation of constructed wetlands;however, such data are scarce. In the present study, a subsurface flow CW system was monitored over a 10-year period for the treatment of wastewater from the dairy industry. Prior to the CW, an aerated facultative lagoon was operated, and its data were also included in the study. The integration of both natural treatment systems (Lagoon + CW) revealed synergy in the combined removal of pollutants and nutrients. Up until the seventh year of operation, the integration of the systems removed more than 98% of COD, BOD5, and TSS, as well as 99.8%, 96.5%, and 71.3% of oils and greases, ammoniacal nitrogen, and total phosphorus, respectively. Surfactants, oils, and greases were entirely removed. The presence of significant clogging and surface flow from the seventh year onwards led to a reduction in treatment efficiency, indicating that this is the maximum recommended operating time for CWs following an aerated facultative lagoon in the dairy industry. After this period, all substrates should be replaced. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Agroindustry Brachiaria environmental control Pollutant removal Synergy

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An ANN-Based Electronic Nose for Monitoring Pollutant Gases in Landfills

An ANN-Based Electronic Nose for Monitoring Pollutant Gases ...

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IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference

作者： Juliene dos Santos Davi Muniz Francisco Auriberto Ferreira Marques Junior Cleonilson Protasio De Souza William De Paiva Post-Graduate Program of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil Post-Graduate Program of Environmental Science and Technology State University of Paraíba Campina Grande PB Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering State University of Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350380903

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380910

Biogas generated from urban solid waste degradation in landfills is composed of various types of gases, some of them are very toxic and harmful to the health of both humans and animals, and contribute directly to global warming as well. In this way, the monitoring of biogas concentration in landfills and their surroundings is very important because this can assess the air contamination around landfills, as well as to propose means to minimize it. In this work, an electronic nose for gas identification and measurement of gases present in landfill biogas using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is introduced. The ANN training data have been collected by the developed electronic nose, which consisted on a set of low-cost gas sensors and on a signal acquisition system controlled by the LabViewsoftware. After the ANN training, a neural architecture has been obtained and implemented in a microcontrolled digital system to measure different gas concentrations, mainly, methane. The main results of the proposed ANN-based Electronic Nose show that it was possible to measure the gases concentrations, with RMSE less than 1%, for the most of target gases, confirming the accuracy of the developed system.

关键词： Gases Semiconductor device measurement Accuracy Landfills Artificial neural networks Electronic noses Biogas

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Influence of the Corrosion Degree of Hot-Dipped Galvanized Reinforcements on its Bond Strength to Concrete

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： da Fonsêca, Márcia Suzanna Dutra Abreu Borges Meira, Gibson Rocha The Civil and Environmental Engineering of Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil The Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil The Civil and Environmental Engineering Post-graduate Program of Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil

This work studies the behavior of hot-dipped galvanized steel against chloride corrosion and its effect on its bond strength to concrete. Two steel diameters were adopted and bond strength was assessed using a standardized pull-out test, followed by measuring different degrees of corrosion. The results show that the initial corrosion of hot-dipped galvanized steel, due to the high alkalinity of fresh concrete, does not affect the structural performance of reinforced concrete and that galvanized steel has superior bond strength to concrete than non-galvanized steel for small corrosion rates. However, it decreases as the corrosion degree significantly increases. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforced concrete

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Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Damage Identification in a Beam 10th

Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Damage Identifica...

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10th International Conference on Wave Mechanics and Vibrations, WMVC 2022

作者： da Silva Coelho, Jefferson de Sousa, Amanda Aryda Silva Rodrigues Machado, Marcela Rodrigues Dutkiewicz, Maciej Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Faculdade de Tecnologia - Asa Norte DF Brasília Brazil Post-Graduate Program - Integrity of Engineering Materials University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Faculdade de Tecnologia - Asa Norte DF Brasília70910-900 Brazil Faculty of Civil Environmental Engineering and Architecture University of Science and Technology Bydgoszcz85-796 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031157578

Damage is defined as any change to the material, geometry or boundary condition that can modify the structure’s properties or response. In the past, damage identification was performed through periodical inspection, non-destructive testing/non-destructive evaluation, or visual observation. Structural health monitoring (SHM) has emerged to transition from offline damage identification to near real-time and online damage assessment. Hence, SHM is a damage detection strategy to monitor a structure for a period using a series of continuous measurement devices, which then collect the system’s characteristics and subsequently perform statistical analysis to assess the current circumstances and health of the structure. One of the first steps for the study of SHM is damage detection followed by monitoring. Machine Learning (ML) techniques can be used to develop viable algorithms to make potential predictions. ML algorithms are therefore providing the tools needed to enhance the capabilities of SHM systems and provide intelligent solutions to past challenges. Preliminary studies have reviewed that the extension of ML into SHM has dramatically increased the system’s capabilities, providing innovative solutions to different research challenges. This work conducts a study of the use of ML to identify damage in a beam and discuss the challenge of usage, performance and implementation of each technique. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Decision trees

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Antioxidant system alterations and oxidative stress caused by polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in exposed biota: a review

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 977卷 179395页

作者： Soares, Lorena Oliveira Souza de Araujo, Gabriel Farias Gomes, Thais Braga Júnior, Sidney Fernandes Sales Cuprys, Agnieszka Katarzyna Soares, Raquel Moraes Saggioro, Enrico Mendes Laboratory of Environmental Health Assessment and Promotion Oswaldo Cruz Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Av. Brasil 4365 RJ Rio de Janeiro21045-900 Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Public Health and Environment Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480 RJ Rio de Janeiro21041-210 Brazil Faculty of Science and Technology Norwegian University of Life Sciences P.O. Box 5003 Ås1432 Norway Post-Graduate Program in Environmental Technology and Water Resources Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering – FT University of Brasília Darcy Ribeiro Campus Via L3 Norte DF Brasília70910-900 Brazil

Contamination of aquatic and terrestrial organisms by Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), emerging contaminants, is widespread, as these compounds are present in water, soil, air, and food, owing to their environmental persistence. PFAS exposure induces biochemical process alterations associated with the disruption of the antioxidant defense system in several species. This review aims to discuss how PFAS-induced antioxidant system alterations lead to changes in biochemical processes in different organisms exposed to these pollutants. This disruption, then leads to an imbalance in antioxidant defense systems, contributing to the formation of reactive oxidative species (ROS), which, in turn, can be exacerbate oxidative stress, induce cellular damage, enhance lipid peroxidation, destabilize lysosomal membranes, and cause genotoxic effects, ultimately compromising DNA integrity. In acute tests, PFAS have led to mortality, growth inhibition, diminished behavioral and locomotor abilities, and reproductive impairment. PFAS-induced effects differ with varying species or types of substances, and further bioaccumulation through food chains exacerbates environmental contamination, carrying considerable risks. These findings demonstrate the complex and enduring impact of PFAS on environmental health, emphasizing the importance of this review in corroborating studies on sub-lethal toxicity in exposed organisms and how these effects reflect on the environment. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Biotic

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Statistical trend characteristics of rainfall over Kerala, India evaluated through analysing modern era retrospective analysis for research and applications (MERRA-2) reanalysis data

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Bulletin of Atmospheric Science and Technology 2025年第1期6卷 1-38页

作者： Modon Valappil, Ninu Krishnan de Oliveira Júnior, José Francisco Mendes, David Jamjareegulgarn, Punyawi Hamza, Vijith Environmental Technology Division School of Industrial Technology Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang 11800 Malaysia Laboratory of Applied Meteorology and Environment (LAMMA) Institute of Atmospheric Sciences (ICAT) Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL) LourivalMeloMota avenue S/N Alagoas Tabuleiro dos Martins Maceió CEP: 57072-970 Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Aerospace Engineering – PPGEA Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova RN Natal Brazil Prince of Chumphon Campus King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Chumphon 86160 Thailand Kerala State Disaster Management Authority Kerala Thiruvananthapuram 695033 India

Statistical trends of rainfall (annual and seasonal rainfalls) in Kerala, India were characterised using the 44-years (1980–2023) data of Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) version 2. Monthly rainfall data were collected from the selected fifty locations which represent the state as a whole, and the collected data were then categorised into annual as well as seasonal (winter, summer, monsoon and post-monsoon) datasets based on the classification proposed by Indian Meteorological Organisation (IMD). Lag-1 autocorrelation, modified Mann Kendall (mMK), Pettitt test and Theil-Sen’s slope methods were used to determine the statistical characteristics of rainfalls in Kerala. Mean rainfalls were 3124 mm, 66 mm, 527 mm, 1667 mm and 862 mm, respectively, for annual, winter, summer, monsoon and post-monsoon periods. mMK based statistical trend analysis revealed an overall decreasing trend characteristics in annual (-0.54 mm.y⁻¹), monsoon (-1.20 mm.y⁻¹), and post-monsoon (-0.93 mm.y⁻¹) seasons whereas winter and summer rainfalls showed an increasing trend (0.67 mm.y⁻¹ and 3.40 mm.y⁻¹, respectively) for the state as a single unit. Pettitt test indicated four dominant periods of change in rainfall characteristics in the study area that spanned over the decades of 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010, in which major changes in annual and seasonal rainfalls were occurred during 1990’s, 2000’s and 2010’s. Theil-Sen’s slope-based estimation of rate of change in rainfall showed an average variation of -4.33 mm.y⁻¹, 0.17 mm.y⁻¹, 6.27 mm.y⁻¹, -6.54 mm.y⁻¹ and − 3.28 mm.y⁻¹ for annual, winter, summer, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively. Though the winter and summer rainfalls showed an increase in its rate during the period of analysis, annual rainfall showed an overall reduction in the amount of rainfall received in the state. The study ulti

关键词： MERRA-2 Modified Mann Kendall Period of change Rainfall variation Spatial statistics

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Solid waste management in the paper industry 5

Solid waste management in the paper industry

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5th International Conference on Energy, environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2020

作者： Devichi Wibowo, Isabella Purwanto, P. Suherman, S. Master Program of Environmental Science Post-Graduate Studies Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia

The industry developed rapidly since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century. The side effect of industrial development was a large amount of non-hazardous waste and hazardous waste. All of this waste must be managed properly so that environmental sustainability is maintained and does not cause harm or problems to the community. A review will be conducted from various research journals in various countries and the types of waste also vary, namely plastic, pulp and paper industry waste, and other solid waste. A comparison of solid waste management will be carried on to reduce the generation of waste in the environment. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2020.

关键词： Solid wastes

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Assessment of Stainless Steel Tubular T-joints Under Chord Sidewall Failure Mode by a Semi-analytical Formulation

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ce/papers 2022年第4期5卷 574-583页

作者： Nogueira, Mateus M. de Lima, Luciano R. O. da S. Vellasco, Pedro C. G. Young, Ben PGECIV - Civil Engineering Post-Graduate Program UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Structural Engineering Department UERJ – State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

There are numerous benefits of tubular profiles that make them increasingly used in civil engineering. At the same time, stainless steel is a material with excellent properties and high corrosion resistance. However, stainless steel's high initial material cost has limited its use primarily to specialist and prestige applications, which makes it necessary to develop more accurate design rules for this material. When tubular profiles are used, it is necessary to assess the joint strengths, considering that they can fail by different mechanisms. The present work aims to develop a semi-analytical formulation to predict stainless steel tubular T-joint resistances. Joints with the brace-to-chord width ratio equal to 1 were considered in this study;therefore, the failure occurs in the chord sidewall. To assess the sidewall instability critical load, the exact stress fields were determined using Mathieu's theory, and then the Ritz energy method was applied. Considering that the joints are made of stainless steel, the next step is to transform the load found from linear to the non-linear regime. For that, a new formulation based on Ramberg-Osgood equations was developed. Finally, the results obtained from the proposed method were compared with the experimental results obtained by Feng and Young (2008) and the results from the main current standards and literature. It was observed that the proposed method presented satisfactory results, while the predictions from design codes were, in general, very conservative. © 2022 Ernst & Sohn GmbH.

关键词： Failure (mechanical)

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Relative importance of pathologies in the severity of facade degradation

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Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation 2020年第1期5卷 1-10页

作者： Bauer, Elton Piazzarollo, Carla Bozzi de Souza, Jéssica Siqueira dos Santos, Danilo Gonçalves Post-Graduate Program in Structures and Civil Construction Civil and Environmental Engineering Department University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília DF Brazil

The facade is the main protective barrier against the atmospheric agents acting in a building. Many times, as a result of these agents, the facade manifests pathologies that lead to the loss of performance of the external wall claddings. This article aims to establish and score the importance of the pathologies involved in the cement mortars rendering. The probable causes and the influence on the performance decrease over time are analyzed. The methodology is based on the survey and mapping of the pathologies observed in field survey, correlating these pathologies with probable causes and implications for the system performance. Among the active pathologies, cracks had both a higher intensity of occurrence and a greater gravity compared to the others. Some pathologies, such as detachment and efflorescence, although of great importance in the degradation, are little observed in the studied buildings. As a result, is presented a scale of importance of pathologies, which has great application for the development of facade degradation models. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Cement mortar Degradation External wall claddings Facades Pathologies

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