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Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第10期8卷 e633-e651页

作者： Jahagirdar, Deepa Walters, Magdalene K. Novotney, Amanda Brewer, Edmond D. Frank, Tahvi D. Carter, Austin Biehl, Molly H. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abhilash, E.S. Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Adekanmbi, Victor Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Aghababaei, Soodabeh Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akram, Tayyaba Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Aleksandrova, Ekaterina A. Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Almustanyir, Sami Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amu, Hubert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Anvari, Davood Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Arulappan, Judie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Darshan, B.B. Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Belay, Habtamu Gebrehana Berheto, Tezera Moshago Bezabhe, Woldesellassie Mequanint Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Bisignano, Catherine Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi Boloor, Archith Boltaev, Azizbek A. Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Burkart, Katrin Butt, Zahid A. Cao, Chao Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Cowden, Richard G. Dachew, Berihun Assefa Dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, José Degenhardt, Louisa Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Deuba, Keshab Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhungana, Govinda Prasad Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Doan, Linh Phuong Dorostkar, Fariba Edinur, Hisham Atan Effiong, Andem Eftekharzadeh, Sahar El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Elayedath, Rajesh Elhadi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States School of Social Work University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeones Columbia University Medical Center New York NY United States Division of Data Analytics and Delivery for Impact WHO Geneva Switzerland Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Psychiatry Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Centre for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Botany Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur Kozhikode India Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mass Communication Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health-Care Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Population Medicine Ca

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to end HIV/AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Understanding the current state of the HIV epidemic and its change over time is essential to this effort. This study assesses the current sex-specific HIV burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic. Methods: To estimate age-specific and sex-specific trends in 48 of 204 countries, we extended the Estimation and Projection Package Age-Sex Model to also implement the spectrum paediatric model. We used this model in cases where age and sex specific HIV-seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care-clinic sentinel surveillance data were available. For the remaining 156 of 204 locations, we developed a cohort-incidence bias adjustment to derive incidence as a function of cause-of-death data from vital registration systems. The incidence was input to a custom Spectrum model. To assess progress, we measured the percentage change in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 (threshold >75% decline), the ratio of incident cases to number of people living with HIV (incidence-to-prevalence ratio threshold <0·03), and the ratio of incident cases to deaths (incidence-to-mortality ratio threshold <1·0). Findings: In 2019, there were 36·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35·1–38·9) people living with HIV worldwide. There were 0·84 males (95% UI 0·78–0·91) per female living with HIV in 2019, 0·99 male infections (0·91–1·10) for every female infection, and 1·02 male deaths (0·95–1·10) per female death. Global progress in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 was driven by sub-Saharan Africa (with a 28·52% decrease in incident cases, 95% UI 19·58–35·43, and a 39·66% decrease in deaths, 36·49–42·36). Elsewhere, the incidence remained stable or increased, whereas deaths generally decreased. In 2019, the global incidence-to-prevalence ratio was 0·05 (95% UI 0·05–0·06) and the global incidence-to-mortality ratio was

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Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–18: a modelling study

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第6期8卷 e363-e375页

作者： Sartorius, Benn VanderHeide, John D. Yang, Mingyou Goosmann, Erik A. Hon, Julia Haeuser, Emily Cork, Michael A. Perkins, Samantha Jahagirdar, Deepa Schaeffer, Lauren E. Serfes, Audrey L. LeGrand, Kate E. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abebo, Zeleke Hailemariam Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adegbosin, Adeyinka Emmanuel Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Akalu, Yonas Akinyemi, Oluwaseun Oladapo Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Noore Alamneh, Alehegn Aderaw Alanzi, Turki M. Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Tilahun Alipour, Vahid Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Ansari, Fereshteh Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew Anvari, Davood Anwer, Razique Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asmare, Wondwossen Niguse Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Ausloos, Marcel Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Basu, Sanjay Bayati, Mohsen Bedi, Neeraj Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M. Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bibi, Sadia Bikbov, Boris Birhan, Tsegaye Adane Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Bockarie, Moses John Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath Butt, Zahid A. Cárdenas, Rosario Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Cook, Aubrey J. Cormier, Natalie Maria Cowden, Richard G. Culquichicon, Carlos Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. D Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Insights Program Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle WA United States Global Programs Medical Teams International Seattle WA United States Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA United States Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia College of Medicine and Health Science Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Nursing Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Biomedical Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Brehan

Background: High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000–18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings: The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2·8 (95% uncertainty interval 2·1–3·8) in Mauritania to 1585·9 (1369·4–1824·8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0·8 (0·7–0·9) in Mauritania to 676·5 (513·6–888·0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique,

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Tandem Repeats Analysis in DNA Sequences Based on Improved Burrows-Wheeler Transform

Tandem Repeats Analysis in DNA Sequences Based on Improved B...

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International Conference on Advanced Computer science and Information Systems

作者： Peter Juma Ochieng Taufik Djatna Wisnu Ananta Kusuma Graduate Program of Computer Science Bogor Agricultural University Dramaga Indonesia Forensic Scientist Kenyatta National Hospital Nairobi Kenya Post Graduate Program of Agro-industrial Technology and Graduate Program of Computer Science Bogor Agricultural University Dramaga Indonesia Post Graduate and Graduate Program of Computer Science Bogor Agricultural University Dramaga Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781509003648

The enormous amount of short reads generated by the new DNA sequencing technologies call for the development of fast and accurate read alignment programs. A first generation of hash table-based methods has been developed, including Mapping and Assembly with Quality (MAQ), which is accurate, feature rich and fast enough to align short reads from a single individual .However, MAQ does not support gapped alignment for single-end reads, which makes it unsuitable for alignment of longer reads where indels may occur frequently. The speed of MAQ is also a concern when the alignment is scaled up to the resequencing of hundreds of individuals. Therefore, we carried out an in-depth performance analysis of BWA a popular BWT-based aligner and discovered that its performance is significantly better than MAQ although, it has drawbacks regarding execution speed, time complexity and accuracy. Based on those factors we implemented an improved Burrows-Wheeler Alignment algorithm (BWA), anew read alignment package which is original BWT optimized by source code of Ziv-Lempel (LZ-77) sliding window technique and prefix trie string matching, to efficiently search for inexact and exact matches on tandem repeats against a large reference sequence genome. Our analysis show that search speed of improved BWA significantly increased by approximately 1.40 ×faster than MAQ-32 while achieving sufficiently higher accuracy with percent confidence of 96.7 % and 93.0 %. Moreover, it is more efficient to search exact and inexact matches supported by percent error of 0.05 % single ends and 0.04 % for paired end reads also more effective to search for left and right overlap tandem repeat at percent confidence of 88.9%

关键词： BWA prefix trie tandem repeats BWT

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Author Correction: Global status and conservation potential of reef sharks

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Nature 2020年第7825期585卷 E11页

作者： M Aaron MacNeil Demian D Chapman Michelle Heupel Colin A Simpfendorfer Michael Heithaus Mark Meekan Euan Harvey Jordan Goetze Jeremy Kiszka Mark E Bond Leanne M Currey-Randall Conrad W Speed C Samantha Sherman Matthew J Rees Vinay Udyawer Kathryn I Flowers Gina Clementi Jasmine Valentin-Albanese Taylor Gorham M Shiham Adam Khadeeja Ali Fabián Pina-Amargós Jorge A Angulo-Valdés Jacob Asher Laura García Barcia Océane Beaufort Cecilie Benjamin Anthony T F Bernard Michael L Berumen Stacy Bierwagen Erika Bonnema Rosalind M K Bown Darcy Bradley Edd Brooks J Jed Brown Dayne Buddo Patrick Burke Camila Cáceres Diego Cardeñosa Jeffrey C Carrier Jennifer E Caselle Venkatesh Charloo Thomas Claverie Eric Clua Jesse E M Cochran Neil Cook Jessica Cramp Brooke D'Alberto Martin de Graaf Mareike Dornhege Andy Estep Lanya Fanovich Naomi F Farabaugh Daniel Fernando Anna L Flam Camilla Floros Virginia Fourqurean Ricardo Garla Kirk Gastrich Lachlan George Rory Graham Tristan Guttridge Royale S Hardenstine Stephen Heck Aaron C Henderson Heidi Hertler Robert Hueter Mohini Johnson Stacy Jupiter Devanshi Kasana Steven T Kessel Benedict Kiilu Taratu Kirata Baraka Kuguru Fabian Kyne Tim Langlois Elodie J I Lédée Steve Lindfield Andrea Luna-Acosta Jade Maggs B Mabel Manjaji-Matsumoto Andrea Marshall Philip Matich Erin McCombs Dianne McLean Llewelyn Meggs Stephen Moore Sushmita Mukherji Ryan Murray Muslimin Kaimuddin Stephen J Newman Josep Nogués Clay Obota Owen O'Shea Kennedy Osuka Yannis P Papastamatiou Nishan Perera Bradley Peterson Alessandro Ponzo Andhika Prasetyo L M Sjamsul Quamar Jessica Quinlan Alexei Ruiz-Abierno Enric Sala Melita Samoilys Michelle Schärer-Umpierre Audrey Schlaff Nikola Simpson Adam N H Smith Lauren Sparks Akshay Tanna Rubén Torres Michael J Travers Maurits van Zinnicq Bergmann Laurent Vigliola Juney Ward Alexandra M Watts Colin Wen Elizabeth Whitman Aaron J Wirsing Aljoscha Wothke Esteban Zarza-Gonzâlez Joshua E Cinner Department of Biology Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada. a.macneil@dal.ca. Institute of Environment Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University North Miami FL USA. Australian Institute of Marine Science Townsville Queensland Australia. Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia. Australian Institute of Marine Science Crawley Western Australia Australia. The UWA Oceans Institute The University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia. School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley Western Australia Australia. Marine Program Wildlife Conservation Society New York NY USA. Centre for Sustainable Ecosystems Solutions School of Earth Atmospheric and Life Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia. Australian Institute of Marine Science Arafura Timor Research Facility Darwin Northern Territory Australia. School of Marine and Atmospheric Science Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA. Department of Biology Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada. International Pole and Line Foundation Malé Maldives. Maldives Marine Research Institute Ministry of Fisheries Marine Resources and Agriculture Malé Maldives. Centro de Investigaciones de Ecosistemas Costeros (CIEC) Cayo Coco Morón Ciego de Ávila Cuba. Centro de Investigaciones Marinas Universidad de la Habana Havana Cuba. Galbraith Marine Science Laboratory Eckerd College St Petersburg FL USA. Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu HI USA. Habitat and Living Marine Resources Program Ecosystem Sciences Division Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Honolulu HI USA. Réseau requins des Antilles Francaises Kap Natirel Vieux-Fort Guadeloupe. Mahonia Na Dari Research and Conservation Centre Kimbe Papua New Guinea. South African

An Amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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Landscape Character of Pongkor Mining Ecotourism Area

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and environmental science 2017年第1期91卷

作者： A Kusumoarto A Gunawan Machfud A Hikmat Doctoral Student Program Natural Resource and Environmental Management Science School of Post-Graduate Bogor Agricultural University Jl. Raya Pajajaran Bogor Indonesia 16143 Lecturer in Landscape Architecture Department Bogor Agriculture University Jl. Raya Darmaga Bogor Indonesia 16680 Lecturer in AgroIndustrial Technology Department Bogor Agriculture University Jl. Raya Darmaga Bogor Indonesia 16680. Lecturer in Conservation of Forest and Ecotourism Department Bogor Agriculture University Jl. Raya Darmaga Bogor Indonesia 16680

Pongkor Mining Ecotourism Area has a diverse landscape character as a potential landscape resources for the development of ecotourism destination. This area is part of the Mount of Botol Resort, Halimun Salak National Park (HSNP). This area also has a fairly high biodiversity. This study aims to identify and analysis the category of landscape character in the Pongkor Mining Ecotourism Area for the development of ecotourism destination. This study used a descriptive approach through field surveys and interviews, was carried out through two steps : 1) identify the landscape character, and 2) analysis of the landscape character. The results showed that in areas set aside for ecotourism destination in Pongkor Mining, landscape character category scattered forests, tailing ponds, river, plain, and the built environment. The Category of landscape character most dominant scattered in the area is forest, here is the river, plain, tailing ponds, the built environment, and plain. The landscape character in a natural environment most preferred for ecotourism activities. The landscape character that spread in the natural environment and the built environment is a potential that must be protected and modified such as elimination of incongruous element, accentuation of natural form, alteration of the natural form, intensification and enhanced visual quality intensively to be developed as a ecotourism destination area.

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Ecofriendly Synthesis of nano Zero Valent Iron from Banana Peel Extract

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2017年第1期795卷

作者： Sunardi Ashadi Sentot Budi Rahardjo Inayati Chemical Analyst Setia Budi University Jl. Let. Jend. Sutoyo Mojosongo Surakarta 57127 INDONESIA Environmental Science of Post Graduate Program Sebelas Maret University Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Kentingan Jebres Surakarta 57126 INDONESIA Departement of Chemistry Education Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia Departement of Chemistry Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia Chemical Engeneering Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia

In this study, nano Zero Valent Iron (nZVI) were synthesized from banana peel extract (BPE) and ferrous sulfate. During the synthesis of nZVI both the precursor and the reducing agent were mixed in a clean sterilized flask in 1:1 proportion. For the reduction of Fe ions, 5 ml of filtered BPE was mixed to 5 ml of freshly prepared 0.001 M – 0.005 M aqueous of FeSO4 solution with constant stirring at room temperature. Within a particular time change in colour from brown to black color obtained by nanoparticles synthesis. A systematic characterization of nZVI was performed using UV-Vis. UV–visible absorption is used to investigate SPR. Characteristic surface plasmon absorption band was observed at 210 nm for the black colored nZVI synthesized from 0.001–0.005 M ferrous sulfate with BPE concentration 5 ml. It has been found that the optimum concentration for the synthesis of nZVI is 0.001M Fe2+ ions. There is small decrease in the intensity of SPR band from 0.001 to 0.005 M. The characterization size of nZVI was performed using TEM. The result shows that formation of particles size of nZVI was more 100 nm.

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Archimedean spiral multi-resonator for chipless RFID tag using Frequency-Coded Decimal method

Archimedean spiral multi-resonator for chipless RFID tag usi...

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SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference, IMOC 2015

作者： Ferreira, Hillner De P. A. Serres, Alexandre J. R. Serres, Georgina Karla De F. De Assis, Francisco M. Neto, Alfrêdo Gomes Post-Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Group of Telecom. and Applied Electromagnetism Federal Inst. of Educ. Science and Technology of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781467394925

A compact electromagnetic multi-resonator is presented in this paper using a new technique for chipless RFID tag data encoding. Employing Archimedean spirals, the information is applied into the spectral signature shifting resonant frequencies in several positions. The multi-resonator tag proposed operates in microwave band (between 3.0-7.0GHz) and has a coding data capacity of up to 100 decimal numbers for two resonant frequencies. The simulated and measured results show a good concordance and a great perspective to use in low-cost RFID chipless tag applications. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Radio frequency identification (RFID)

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The Ecosystem Approach of Wanatani Semi Arid Equatorial to Sustainable Agriculutral Management (in Amarasi District, Kupang Regency, NTT)

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and environmental science 2016年第1期31卷

作者： Rinda Yanti Adi Basukriadi Moh. Hasroel Thayib Tri Edhie Budhi Soesilo Agricultural Polytechnic of Payakumbuh West Sumatera Indonesia Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (MIPA) Indonesia University Depok Environmental Science Post Graduate Program Indonesia University Salemba

The existing condition of the wanatani management in Amarasi District, Kupang Regency, NTT, has not optimized the welfare of the farmers yet, and the land degradation keeps happening. The objectives of this research was to analyze and obtain information on the ecological, social, and economic benefits of sustainable wanatani in dry land management. The research result shows that based on the observation from the ecological function including vegetation, land fertility, micro climate, erotion, and land suitability, wanatani is at present not optimal and not sustainable in supporting productivity and land conservation. From the economic function, the productivity in wanatani should be optimal, but the lack of institutional support and social function causes the agricultural management to be not optimal and not sustainable.

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Corrigendum to “Carbonate delta drift: A new sediment drift type” [Mar. Geol. 401 (2018) 98–111]

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Marine Geology 2018年 406卷 214-215页

作者： Thomas Lüdmann Christian Betzler Gregor P. Eberli Jesús Reolid John J.G. Reijmer Craig R. Sloss Or M. Bialik Carlos A. Alvarez-Zarikian Montserrat Alonso-García Clara L. Blättler Junhua Adam Guo Sébastien Haffen Senay Horozal Mayuri Inoue Luigi Jovane Dick Kroon Luca Lanci Juan Carlos Laya Jeremy R. Young Institute of Geology CEN University of Hamburg Bundesstrasse 55 Hamburg 20146 Germany Department of Marine Geosciences Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science University of Miami Miami FL 33149 USA College of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Technology Queensland R-Block 317 2 George Street Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences University of Haifa Carmel 31905 Israel International Ocean Discovery Program Texas A&M University Discovery Drive College Station TX 77845 USA Instituto Portugues do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA) Divisão de Geologia e Georecursos Marinhos Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6 1495-006 Portugal Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR) Universidade do Algarve Faro Portugal Department of Geosciences Princeton University Guyot Hall Princeton NJ 08544 USA Department of Geological Sciences California State University Bakersfield 9001 Stockdale Highway Bakersfield CA 93311 USA Physical Properties Specialist Ecole Nationale Superieure de Geologie Universite de Lorraine 2 rue du Doyen Marcel Roubault Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54501 France Petroleum and Marine Research Division Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Gwahang-no 124 Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-350 Republic of Korea Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka 700-8530 Japan Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo Praça do Oceanográfico 191 São Paulo SP 05508-120 Brazil School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh Grant Institute The King's Buildings James Hutton Edinburgh EH9 3FE United Kingdom Istituto di Scienze della Terra Università di Urbino Via S. Chiara 27 Urbino 61029 Italy Department of Geology and Geophysics Texas A&M University Mail Stop 3115 College Station TX 77843-3115 US

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Optimization Process of Glycerol Esterification Using Real Time Adaptive Control

Optimization Process of Glycerol Esterification Using Real T...

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International Conference on Advanced Computer science and Information Systems

作者： Iwan Aang Soenandi Ani Suryani Taufik Djatna Irzaman Post Graduate Program of Agro-industrial Technology Bogor Agricultural University Dramaga Indonesia Lecturer Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Krida Wacana Christian University Post Graduate Program of Agro-industrial Technology Bogor Agricultural University. Dramaga Indonesia Post Graduate Program of Agro-industrial Technology and Graduate Program of Computer Science Bogor Agricultural University. Dramaga Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences Bogor Agricultural University. Dramaga Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781509003648

The synthesis reaction used in esterification needs high energy consumption and a precise processing time to get the best yield of target. In this study, a model was formulated to optimize glycerol esterification process by minimizing the time needed for the process and maximizing the yield of Mono-glycerides. This optimization has gained importance for boosting the esterification industry and improving the production efficiency. Optimization through adaptive monitoring and control has provided significant advances in the process efficiency, a lower energy consumption and a better product quality. This paper presents the optimization with a computational algorithm in real time and adaptive control (RTAC), as compared to the conventional (traditional) methods to monitor and control of glycerol esterification processes. The identification of esterification status based on temperature and time are evaluated to strengthen the optimization. An adaptive method as feature selection to select wavelength IR sensors at specified intervals was carried out with Relief algorithm and Adaptive Pillar K-means clustering method to set the parameter control was proposed in this paper. Many combinations were evaluated from real time condition process, to achieve the best optimization results. The experimental results demonstrate that real time adaptive control can be achieved by using three clusters, which are heating up, stabilizing and finishing. In RTAC, each cluster has its own parameter to set the control point by the servo motor that was attached to magnetic stirrer-heater. By using optimization parameter for each cluster, esterification process time can be shortened by 15-20 minutes with a higher yield (7% or more), lower range stirrer rotation (300rpm-450 rpm) and a lower final temperature of 200℃ - 210℃.

关键词： Optimization Real Time Adaptive Control Glycerol Esterification

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