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SSRN 2023年

作者： Malugao, Mac Euan D. Jan, Sen Chang, Ming-Huei Ho, Tung-Yuan Yang, Yiing Jang Earth System Science Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei115201 Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate Program for Earth System Science National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Institute of Oceanography National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Research Center for Environmental Changes Academia Sinica Taipei115201 Taiwan Department of Marine Science College of Science and Mathematics Mindanao State University Iligan Institute of Technology Iligan City9200 Philippines

Oceanic Rossby waves play a crucial role in shaping the physical and biological dynamics of both open and coastal oceans, especially within the tropical band spanning between the 10°S and 10°N parallels. Yet, the extent to which Rossby waves can transmit and impact the hydrography and ecosystem of semi-enclosed seas like the South China Sea (SCS) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the transmission of Rossby waves through the Philippine archipelago, using satellite altimeter-derived sea level anomaly (SLA) and coastal tide gauge records. Our findings reveal that westward-propagating Rossby waves in the tropical Pacific Ocean with a wave speed of ~0.64 m s−1 first entered the Celebes Sea, and then passed through the Sibutu Passage into the Sulu Sea from April to December 2017. Subsequently, the waves propagated along the northeast coast of Sabah and the east coast of Palawan before exiting through the Mindoro Strait to the central SCS. Additionally, a β-refracted Rossby wave with wave speed of 0.28 m s−1 also penetrated the archipelago but at a higher latitude from July to November via Surigao Strait and propagated toward the south and north of Palawan, ultimately reaching the west coast of Palawan in the eastern central SCS. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sea level

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Mo-terminated edges in two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide for site-specific hydrolysis and DNA cleavage

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Materials Today 2025年 86卷 162-171页

作者： Wang, Cong Wu, Menghan Li, Muqing Zhao, Yingcan Zhao, Mingchuang Zhang, Yunhao Bai, Yichao Gao, Jianxiang Wang, Xiaoxia Tian, Xilin Zhang, Han Chang, Liang Zou, Xiaolong Liu, Bilu Kang, Feiyu Terrones, Mauricio Lei, Yu Institute of Materials Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Thermal Management Engineering and Materials & Center of Double Helix Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Institute of Materials Research & Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Environmental Science Program Department of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College Guangdong519087 China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Department of Physics Department of Chemistry Department of Materials Sciences Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

The hydrolysis of DNA serves as the foundational principle for gene engineering that enable precise gene cleavage at the molecular level. This process typically occurs in biological nucleases, which exhibit nucleobase-selective and catalytic hydrolysis capabilities rarely replicated in abiotic nanomaterials. Here, we demonstrate that molybdenum-terminated (Mo-terminated) edges of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) possess the unique ability to abstract a proton (H+) from water molecules, thereby facilitating catalytic hydrolysis reactions that cleave the phosphodiester bonds in DNA through the action of hydroxide ions. The enhanced proton absorption at Mo-terminated edges of MoS2 significantly reduces the activation energy required for the DNA hydrolysis reaction. Furthermore, the favorable interaction between the Mo-terminated edges and thymine nucleobases promotes both charge transfer and P-O bond cleavage, enabling targeted DNA hydrolysis at 'TTTTTTT' sequences under dark conditions. This discovery underscores the potential of MoS2 as a stable, efficient nanosystem for precise genetic editing, heralding advanced applications in the field of gene engineering. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Activation energy

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Exploring transposable element-based markers to identify allelic variations underlying agronomic traits in rice

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Plant Communications 2022年第3期3卷 59-71页

作者： Haidong Yan David C.Haak Song Li Linkai Huang Aureliano Bombarely School of Plant and Environmental Sciences Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Graduate Program in Genetics Bioinformatics and Computational Biology(GBCB)Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Department of Grassland Science Animal Science and Technology CollegeSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Department of Bioscience Universita degli Studi di Milano(UNIMI)20133 MilanoItaly Instituto de Biologıa Molecular y Celular de Plantas(IBMCP) UPV-CSIC46022 ValenciaSpain

Transposable elements(TEs)are a major force in the production of new alleles during domestication;nevertheless,their use in association studies has been limited because of their *** have developed a TE genotyping pipeline(TEmarker)and applied it to whole-genome genome-wide association study(GWAS)data from 176 Oryza sativa *** accessions to identify genetic elements associated with specific agronomic *** markers recovered a large proportion(69%)of single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)-based GWAS peaks,and these TE peaks retained ca.25%of the *** use of TEs in GWASs may reduce false positives associated with linkage disequilibrium(LD)among SNP markers.A genome scan revealed positive selection on TEs associated with agronomic *** found several cases of insertion and deletion variants that potentially resulted from the direct action of TEs,including an allele of LOC_Os11g08410 associated with plant height and panicle length ***,these findings reveal the utility of TE markers for connecting genotype to phenotype and suggest a potential role for TEs in influencing phenotypic variations in rice that impact agronomic traits.

关键词： transposable element marker agronomic trait rice GWAS

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Inactivation of Antimicrobial-Resistant E. Coli and Bacteriophages by Ultraviolet-C Light-Emitting Diodes – Uvc Leds

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Floripes, Túlio Mota, Cesar Rossas Department of Environmental Science and Technology Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais Office 201 Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte30421-169 Brazil Graduate Program in Sanitation Environment and Water Resources Federal University of Minas Gerais Minas Gerais Brazil

Disinfection by UV radiation has been analyzed as an effective and more advantageous way for the inactivation of microorganisms in water, among the options of UV disinfection it is worth mentioning the LED technology that has been growing and demonstrating potential use like traditional sources of UV radiation. In this context, the present study presents the results for inactivation of the pathogenic microorganisms E. coli Famp and E. coli CN-13, both resistant to antibiotics, and of the bacteriophages MS2 and φX-174, organisms that indicate fecal contamination and resistance compared to some pathogenic viruses, in treated and untreated water samples, using UV-LEDs with wavelengths of 265 nm and 275 nm. In general, the results point to the efficiency of both LEDs in the inactivation of microorganisms, achieved inactivation greater than 4 logs, with UV doses between 50 and 70 mJ/cm², comparable to traditional sources of UV radiation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bacteriophages

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Development of an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor "AstroPix" for all-sky medium-energy gamma-ray telescopes 38

Development of an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor "AstroPix" for...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Suda, Yusuke Caputo, Regina Steinhebel, Amanda L. Fleischhack, Henrike Striebig, Nicolas Jadhav, Manoj Luz, Ricardo Violette, Daniel Kierans, Carolyn Tajima, Hiroyasu Fukazawa, Yasushi Leys, Richard Peric, Ivan Metcalfe, Jessica Negro, Michela Perkins, Jeremy S. Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States Catholic University of America 620 Michigan Ave NE WashingtonDC20064 United States Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States ASIC and Detector Laboratory Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60440 United States Institute for Space Earth Environmental Research Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for The Origin of Particles and the Universe Nagoya University Japan

All-sky medium-energy gamma-ray observations are essential to deepen our understanding of physics in extreme astronomical objects such as gamma-ray bursts and active galactic nuclei. Those observations are also highly needed to further develop multi-messenger astronomy. Next-generation all-sky MeV gamma-ray telescopes must have a large area detector and keep high sensitivities even in the energies in which Compton scattering is dominant. Having both a silicon tracker (scatterer) and a calorimeter (absorber) as the main detector is a promising configuration for such a space mission. In order to fulfill the requirements such as a large sensitive area, low noise, high energy/positional resolution, and low power, we have been developing an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor, AstroPix. In this contribution, we report performance evaluations of AstroPix such as I-V and noise, energy calibration/resolution/threshold, and depletion depth measurements. Current achievements as a sensor for next-generation all-sky MeV gamma-ray telescopes and future development will be discussed. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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Associations between parental and postnatal metal mixture exposure and developmental delays in a Taiwanese longitudinal birth cohort of preschool children

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environmental science and Pollution Research 2023年第55期30卷 117360-117372页

作者： Kao, Chi-Sian Fan, Yen-Tzu Wang, Ying-Lin Chen, Yi-Hua Chao, Hsing-Jasmine Lo, Yu-Chun Jiang, Chuen-Bin Chien, Ling-Chu School of Public Health College of Public Health Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Neuroscience Research Center Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition MacKay Children’s Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan Nutrition Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan

Studies have evaluated the impact of environmental exposure to neurotoxic metals on developmental delays (DDs). However, comprehensive understanding regarding the associations between parental and postnatal exposure to metal mixtures and the occurrence of DDs in offspring is limited. In this study, we assessed the relationships between parental and postnatal exposure to three metals (arsenic [As], cadmium [Cd], and lead [Pb], levels of which were measured in toenails) and suspected DDs (SDDs) in preschool children within a Taiwanese longitudinal birth cohort. In total between 2017 and 2021, 154 pairs of parents and their children under the age of 6 years were recruited, and 462 toenail samples and 154 completed questionnaires were collected. Metal concentrations in toenails were quantified using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry after acid digestion of the toenails. We applied multivariable logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression to evaluate the overall effect and to identify key components of the metal mixture that were associated with the SDD risk. Higher concentrations of As, Cd, and Pb were found in the toenails of the parents of children with SDDs compared with the toenails of the parents of children without SDDs. Our examination of the combined effects of exposure to the metal mixture revealed that As concentration in the father’s toenail and Cd concentration in the mother’s toenail were positively correlated with the risk of SDDs in their offspring. Notably, the effect of exposure to the metal mixture on the risk of SDDs was stronger in boys than in girls. Our findings suggest that parents taking measures to minimize their exposure to metals might enhance their children’s developmental outcomes. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Arsenic

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Linkages of the 2022 Unprecedented Global Heatwave Events to Triple-Dip La Niña

Linkages of the 2022 Unprecedented Global Heatwave Events to...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： Sachi Perera Joshua B. Fisher Mohamed Allali Hesham El-Askary Computational and Data Sciences Graduate Program Schmid College of Science and Technology Chapman University Orange CA USA Earth Systems Science and Data Solution Lab Chapman University Orange CA USA Schmid College of Science and Technology Chapman University Orange CA USA Fowler School of Engineering Chapman University Orange CA USA Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350360325

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360332

Heatwaves are influenced significantly by El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which alters temperature and precipitation patterns throughout the world. Since 2020, we have witnessed a "triple dip" La Niña conditions persisting for three consecutive years resulting in severe weather and climate driven events globally. In this study, we identified the dominant frequency of Niño 3.4 Sea Surface Temperature (SST) signals and correlated them with regions experiencing unprecedented heat waves in 2022, namely, the Indian Ocean, the North Atlantic around England and Spain, and the Mediterranean Sea. The signal's power spectrum and its three highest power components are determined based on the signal's Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) for each region. Furthermore, the power spectrum coherence (PSC) of Niño 3.4 and other study regions is obtained to determine whether ENSO and heatwaves are linked. We find that Niño 3.4 and the Indian Ocean have the same dominant frequency for the highest power received, indicating ENSO's influence on the Indian heat wave. Additionally, we discovered that in March 2022, the Jet stream is essential in bringing warm Arctic waves southward, passing through Niño 3.4 and India. Furthermore, we found that no other region shared the dominant frequency of the Niño 3.4 region.

关键词： Heating systems Couplings Sea surface Precipitation Surface waves Indian Ocean Geoscience and remote sensing

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Multipurpose Silicon-Based Toothpastes: Decision Making for a Better Oral Health

European Dental Research and Biomaterials Journal

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European Dental Research and Biomaterials Journal 2023年第1/02期03卷 001-002页

作者： Fabiano Vieira Vilhena Paulo Henrique Perlatti D'Alpino Trials Research and Development Inc. São Paulo SP Brazil Triplet Biotechnology Solutions São Paulo SP Brazil São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Sciences POSMAT – Post-Graduate Program in Materials Science and Technology Bauru SP Brazil

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Countering the effects of urban green gentrification through nature-based solutions: A scoping review

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Nature-Based Solutions 2024年 5卷

作者： Bressane, Adriano Pinto, Joao Pedro da Cunha Medeiros, Líliam César de Castro São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Science and Technology São José dos Campos city Brazil Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering São Paulo State University (UNESP) Brazil

Statement of problem: Green gentrification is an emerging issue, where Urban green space (UGS) upgrades lead to higher living costs, displacing lower-income residents, raising concerns about accessibility, sustainability, and equity. This phenomena challenges the inclusive and equitable development of urban environments. Purpose: Through an integrative analysis of existing literature, this study aims to address a significant gap in current research by exploring how Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) can more effectively counteract the adverse effects of UGS gentrification. Method: Utilizing a scoping literature review, the research analyzes articles from 2015 to 2024 to synthesize insights for a more equitable urban development. Results: Findings reveal diverse lessons learned and strategies for countering green gentrification across different urban settings worldwide. However, a significant number of studies predominantly focus on the Global North, primarily in Europe and North America, which may lead to a regional bias. Practical implications: The results provide insights for policymakers, urban planners, and communities, guiding the creation of more inclusive and sustainable urban green spaces. Future directions: Further research should focus on developing quantitative metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of NbS in mitigating urban gentrification and expanding the geographic focus to include more underrepresented regions. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： environmental justice Green gentrification Nature-based solutions Review Urban greening

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Cyclodextrin-modified layered double hydroxide thin-film nanocomposite desalination membrane for boron removal

Cyclodextrin-modified layered double hydroxide thin-film nan...

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2023 AIChE Annual Meeting

作者： Ee, Liang Ying Zhao, Qipeng Gao, Jie Lim, Chit Kai Xue, Kai Chin, Sze Yuet Li, Sam Fong Yau Chung, Tai-Shung Chen, Shing Bor Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore117585 Singapore Department of Chemistry College of Humanities and Sciences National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore117543 Singapore Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Centre of High Field NMR Spectroscopy and Imaging School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences College of Science Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore637371 Singapore NUS Environmental Research Institute National University of Singapore T-Lab Building 5A Engineering Drive 1 Singapore117411 Singapore Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106335 Taiwan

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