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Quality of life of tobacco users- A correlation with duration of use and nicotine dependence

Indian Journal of Tuberculosis 2021年 68卷 S60-S64页

作者： Dhawan, Priyanka Goel, Sonu Ghosh, Abhishek Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India Public Health Masters Program School of Medicine University of Limerick Ireland Faculty of Human and Health Sciences Swansea University United Kingdom Department of Psychiatry PGIMER Chandigarh India

Background: Few studies have investigated the relationship between health-related quality of life and nicotine dependence, while none are from India. This study aims to explore the quality of life among patients with nicotine dependence and examine the clinical and demographic correlates of quality of life. Method: This was a cross-sectional study in which 130 active nicotine dependence individuals were interviewed. Participants were selected using random sampling from the various clinical department of a tertiary health care setting of Northern India. Information about the quality of life and severity of nicotine dependence was assessed using SF-12 and Fagerstrom test for Nicotine Dependence questionnaire. One way ANOVA test compared the means among different tobacco users, while Pearson or Spearman tests assessed the correlation between the quality of life and nicotine dependence. Results: The mean age of the respondents in the study was 42.72 (SD = 15.68);with 66% using smoking tobacco, 53.07% had a high dependence towards tobacco. We observed a negative correlation between the physical health component and years of regular use (r = −0.503, p < .001). There was also a negative correlation between FTND score and physical health component (r = −.180, p = .049). Conclusion: Duration of tobacco use and the severity of nicotine dependence negatively influence health-related quality of life in treatment-naive individuals. © 2021 Tuberculosis Association of India

关键词： Cross-sectional Nicotine dependence Quality of life

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Systematic content analysis of online information on herbal smoking products

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Indian Journal of Tuberculosis 2021年 68卷 S71-S79页

作者： Gupta, Arpit Sharda, Shweta Yogitha, Pothamsetty Goel, Sonu Goyal, Ashima Gauba, Krishan Oral Health Sciences Centre Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research Sector 12 Chandigarh 160012 India Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India Public Health Masters Program School of Medicine University of Limerick Ireland Faculty of Human and Health Sciences Swansea University United Kingdom

Background: Herbal smoking products (HSPs) are marketed as a safer alternative to tobacco. These are easily available at affordable prices in the online retail websites. This study aimed to analyze the HSP-related informational content available in the most popular online platforms. Methods: Google, Yahoo, Bing and YouTube online platforms were searched for HSP related content using appropriate keywords. First 50 search results were retrieved and screened for potential eligibility. The included web-pages were categorized as video and still records. From each included record, information regarding source, primary theme, health benefits/hazards and tone was abstracted. Additionally, video production quality, like ratio and video power index was also computed for each video record. All included records were subjected to descriptive statistics and Chi-square test, as appropriate. Level of significance was set at <0.05. Results: 174 still and 94 video records were included. 35.6% of the included still records were sourced by manufacturers/suppliers while that of scientific origin was 12.1%. 83% of the video-records were posted by general public. About 90% of the included records had not mentioned anything regarding age restrictions. 67.8% of the still records and 87.2% of the video records promoted the use of HSPs. Conclusions: The informational content presented online is huge, mostly posted by the general public without any scientific rationale and exclusively favors the use of HSPs. There is no age restriction as to who can access the information, making this content easily accessible to people of all ages. Such spread of information may mislead the public in adopting the smoking of these herbal products. Since HSPs may act as a potential gateway to tobacco smoking, there is an urgent need to regulate the content available online. © 2021 Tuberculosis Association of India

关键词： Herbal bidi Herbal hookah Nicotine-free Smoking Tobacco-free

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Arthritis induces Inflammatory Cell Infiltration, Oxidative Stress and Browning in Rat Perivascular Adipose Tissue

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Physiology 2025年第S1期40卷

作者： Agnaldo B. Chies Isabela F. S. Nascimento Maria Angélica Spadella Victoria Silva Marcus Aquino Rosemari Otton Thales M. H. Dourado Carlos R. Tirapelli Laboratory of Pharmacology Department of Basic Sciences Marilia Medical School Marília/SP Brazil Marília Brazil Laboratory of Pharmacology Department of Basic Sciences Marilia Medical School Marília/SP Brazil Human Embryology Laboratory Marília Medical School Marília/SP Brazil Interdisciplinary Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences CBS Cruzeiro do Sul University São Paulo/SP Brazil Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto USP Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil Department of Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil

In rats submitted to adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA), joint-derived cytokines cause sarcopenia and fat mass loss. This mass reduction was also observed in the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), where the inflammatory actions of arthritis are much less understood. In this context, we hypothesize that AIA causes inflammation in PVAT with its own characteristics, with temporal evolution followed by remission once the model is self-limiting. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the temporal course of the inflammatory process caused by AIA in PVAT to identify its peak, which is the ideal moment to assess therapeutic *** 12 weeks old Wistar rats (±320g; groups of 6-8 animals) were studied healthy (control) or on the 15th (D15), 22nd (D22), 29th (D29), 36th (D36) and 43rd (D43) day after AIA induction by intradermal administration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (3.8mg/mL). From these animals were harvested plasma and PVAT from the aorta either thoracic (PVAT-t) or abdominal (PVAT-a). Concentrations of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ) in plasma, as well as TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β ) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in PVAT harvested on D36 were determined by ELISA. In PVAT, it was also quantified the activity of N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG; mononuclear cells marker) and myeloperoxidase (MPO; polymorphonuclear cells marker), the production of superoxide anion (O2•-) by lucigenin chemiluminescence, the lipid peroxidation by the TBARS and mRNA expression of ASC-1 and PGC1a (marker of white and brown adipose tissue phenotype, respectively), by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). It was observed that AIA has increased circulating levels of IL-10, which peaked on D29 (1.56 ± 0.3 vs. 2.93 ± 0.4 η g/mL; p<0.05) followed by a return to normal levels, while the increase of TNF-α occurred on D29 and D36 (1.46 ± 0.8 vs. 7.08 ± 1.3 η g/mL and 6.43 ± 1.4 η g/mL, p<0.05, respectively). AIA increased NAG in PVAT-a on

关键词： Cardiovascular Physiology

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National level E-Resource Centre for Tobacco Control (E-RCTC): One stop solution to information on tobacco control in India

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Indian Journal of Tuberculosis 2021年 68卷 S115-S123页

作者： Goel, Sonu Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar Singh, Rana Jugdeep Chaudhary, Rajeev Joseph, Neema Mehta, Kanika Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India Public Health Masters Program School of Medicine University of Limerick Ireland Faculty of Human and Health Sciences Swansea University United Kingdom Department of Preventive and Social Medicine JIPMER Puducherry India The Union SEA Office New Delhi India

The existing information on tobacco control, though highly valuable, is lying scattered at different sources. post graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) Chandigarh in collaboration and technical support of International Union against TB and Lung Diseases (The Union) undertook an initiative to start a national level E-Resource Centre for Tobacco Control (E-RCTC) with an aim to provide relevant information on tobacco control under one roof thereby countering the misleading facts on tobacco control which exist on various web engines. The national level E-Resource Centre for Tobacco Control was developed in three stages. In the span of less than 3 years, the portal is open in public domain with over 2,36,019 visitors from around 80+ countries (as on 23rd July 2020), and growing. The portal showcases an array of valuable and vital information related to tobacco control initiatives under various heads like: Policies and Legislations, Circulars and Orders, National Tobacco Control programme (NTCP), Publications and IEC Materials. India's first national level Resource Centre for Tobacco Control has proved to be a much-needed step in the country for facilitating speedy implementation of World Health Organization- Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC), MPOWER and other tobacco control interventions. Even with its limitations like absence of an interactive mechanism among a few others, the Resource Centre is nothing less than a storehouse of knowledge as it showcases content that are immensely helpful for the tobacco control community. Constant efforts are being made to improve the national level E-Resource Centre for Tobacco Control website and minimize the drawbacks. © 2021

关键词： Online portal Resource Centre Tobacco control

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Depiction of tobacco in Indian mass media: A content analysis

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Indian Journal of Tuberculosis 2021年 68卷 S23-S28页

作者： Joseph, Neema Sivanantham, Parthibane Sulgante, Sudheera Singh, Rana Jugdeep Goel, Sonu Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar Department of Preventive and Social Medicine JIPMER Puducherry India The Union SEA Office New Delhi India Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India Public Health Masters Program School of Medicine University of Limerick Ireland Faculty of Human and Health Sciences Swansea University United Kingdom

Background: Although exposure to tobacco content on mass media is a well-grounded source for early initiation, less is known on how tobacco is portrayed in mass media. Objectives: To determine the proportion of tobacco appearances and the percentage of pro or anti-tobacco messages in the selected print, electronic and internet based Indian mass media. Methods: The content analysis was conducted among selected categories of: top two daily newspapers in terms of readership, topmost Television channel in terms of viewership and top five trending videos on YouTube. The tobacco appearances in newspaper, television (five minute interval) and YouTube (one minute interval) were recorded and coded as pro or anti-tobacco messages. Results: Tobacco appearances were present in 0.3% of 9373 [95% CI: 0.2–0.5] advertisements reviewed in Newspapers;all of which were pro-tobacco messages. Among the total 1512 intervals watched on Television, 18.1% [95% CI: 16.2–20.1] had tobacco appearance. There were a total of 289 tobacco incidents in television of which 92.4% were pro-tobacco messages. Out of the total 900 videos watched on YouTube, 11.44% [95% CI: 9.49–13.65] had tobacco appearance. Among the 206 tobacco incidents present in YouTube, 98.5% were pro-tobacco messages. Conclusions: The study documented considerable extent of pro-tobacco depictions in Indian mass media. © 2021 Tuberculosis Association of India

关键词： Mass media Public policy Tobacco

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BRICS to BRICSCESS——A perspective for practical action in the promotion of healthy lifestyles to improve public health in five countries

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第6期8卷 520-523页

作者： Ming-Kai Chin Elizabeth Anderson J.Hans de Ridder R.icardo RUvinha J.Larry Durstine BRICS Council of Exercise and Sport Science(BRICSCESS) Hong KongChina Department of Exercise Science University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA School of Human Movement Sciences North-West University Potchefstroom CampusPotchefstroom 2520South Africa School of Arts Sciences and HumanitiesGraduate Program in Physical Activity SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 03828-000Brazil

In 2006,during a United Nations General Assembly session in New York City,Russia presented a concept for developing multilateral international ***,foreign ministers from other countries unanimously expressed interest ... 详细信息

关键词： promotion union initially

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Determinants of drug resistant & drug sensitive tuberculosis patients from North India-a case control study

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Indian Journal of Tuberculosis 2021年 68卷 S108-S114页

作者： Goel, Sonu Thakur, Deep Singh, Amarjeet Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India Public Health Masters Program School of Medicine University of Limerick Ireland Faculty of Human and Health Sciences Swansea University United Kingdom Disease Investigation Laboratory Mandi District Mandi HP India Department of Community Medicine School of Public Health PGIMER Chandigarh India

Background and objective: The burden of drug resistant tuberculosis (DRTB) has posed a huge challenge to for the governments, throughout the world. India has 27% of the global DRTB burden with incidence of 130,000 cases. India has kept an ambitious target of elimination of tuberculosis by 2025 which requires understanding and mitigating various determinants of DRTB. Methods: The retrospective case control study was undertaken from May to September 2019 among drugresistant (cases) and drug sensitive (controls) tuberculosis patients from two districts of Himachal Pradesh, India. A total of 211 participants were recruited in the study, which includes all 102 cases and randomly selected, age and sex matched 109 controls. A semi structured questionnaire, adapted from a study by Lobo et al, was used for assessing the determinants of DRTB and DSTB. The data collection was undertaken from district and block level health care facilities followed by home visits to patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine risk factors associated with DRTB. Results: Diagnostic delay (aOR-7.72, p value 0.000), history of treatment default (aOR-2.97, self history of tuberculosis (aOR 1.42, p value 0.01), migration (aOR-4.84, p value 0.000), smoking (aOR-2.70, p value 0.014), and belonging to rural area (aOR-2.62, p value- 0.013) were found as independent risk factors for the occurrence of DRTB. Conclusion: The risk factors identified in the study should be prioritized by the policy makers, implementators and educators for framing appropriate policies in TB control programme in India. The diagnostic delay as a risk factor merits active case finding of TB patients and educating health care staff and community. © 2021 Tuberculosis Association of India

关键词： Case control study Drug resistant Drug sensitive tuberculosis End Tb strategy Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Tobacco consumption trends and correlates of successful cessation in Indian females: Findings of Global Adult Tobacco Surveys

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Indian Journal of Tuberculosis 2021年 68卷 S29-S38页

作者： Verma, Madhur Bhatt, Garima Nath, Bhola Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar Goel, Sonu Department of Community and Family Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda Punjab India Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India Department of Preventive & Social Medicine Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Puducherry India Public Health Masters Program School of Medicine University of Limerick Ireland Faculty of Human and Health Sciences Swansea University United Kingdom

Background: Female gender is being affected disproportionately by tobacco use. The correlates of tobacco use among women are different from men, which has not been studied in India. To develop gender-sensitive interventions and policies in tobacco control, it's essential to ascertain the factors that affect tobacco consumption and successful cessation among Indian women. Methods: This secondary data analysis was done for females respondents aged >15 years using the data generated from the GATS-1 (2009–2010) and GATS-II (2016–2017). The primary dependent variables included interest in quitting smoking/SLT, attempt to quit smoking/SLT, successful quitting. The independent variables were broadly categorized as a community, household, and individual level. Simple descriptive analysis using % age relative change was used to calculate the change in tobacco consumption between two rounds of GATS, whereas;bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to calculate the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio for cessation related variables (GATS-2). Results: There was a 29.5% relative reduction in the prevalence of tobacco use in round-2 among females. A maximum reduction in the prevalence was observed in the 15–29 years (−51.3%), those not exposed the media advertisements (−19.9%). While unadjusted OR depicted that unmarried women, young age, asked by health workers about tobacco use, and advice given by them increased the interest in quitting smoking, none of them emerged to be significant on a multivariable logistic regression except the advice given by the health care provider. Successful cessation (>6 months) of SLT products is possible in urban areas, with decreased exposure to media advertisements. Conclusion: There is an urgent need for gender-sensitive policies in tobacco control and the integration of these policies with relevant national health programs. This shall help to synergize efforts and obtain better outcomes that would support the overarching goal o

关键词： Cessation GATS India Tobacco Women

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Tobacco cessation in India–Current status, challenges, barriers and solutions

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Indian Journal of Tuberculosis 2021年 68卷 S80-S85页

作者： Gupta, Rakesh Pednekar, Mangesh S. Kumar, Rajeev Goel, Sonu Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital & Medical Research Institute and President Rajasthan Cancer Foundation Jaipur Rajasthan India Healis Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health Navi Mumbai Maharashtra India Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India Public Health Masters Program School of Medicine University of Limerick Ireland Faculty of Human and Health Sciences Swansea University United Kingdom

The attention to tobacco cessation (TCs) has increased globally by WHO through the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) and MPOWER. In India, NTCP (National Tobacco Control program), the National and three Regional Quitlines and mCessation, some apex national institutes, and professional dental bodies and others have eased an access to quit, the proportion of the former users has been dismally low-below 2% at population level. The challenges of not having: (1) TCCs at secondary and tertiary care as well as in the larger private healthcare setups;(2) participatory health system and healthcare professionals;(3) motivated tobacco users to quit even in short-term;(4) focused NTCP due to convergent NHM (National Health Mission);and, (5) optimal coverage to the health-insured “need a priority attention”. Also, there is need to eliminate the barriers existing: (a) at all levels in the governance, health system and other stake-holding sectors;and, (b) due to the interference of the tobacco industry. Overall, (i) setting the norm of quitting since all tobacco users are actually patients;(ii) increasingthe awareness of benefits of quitting and incentivizing it;(iii) establishing a systems approach in all health facilities of screening, treatment and follow-up of the treated tobacco users besides coding them;plus (iv) amending COTPA (the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act of 2003) can increase the quit rates in India and LMICs. © 2021 Tuberculosis Association of India

关键词： Barriers Cessation Challenges India Tobacco

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Prevalence and factors associated with the sale of loose cigarettes at Point of Sale: A cross-sectional analytical study from four Indian states

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Indian Journal of Tuberculosis 2021年 68卷 S39-S47页

作者： Goel, Sonu Kar, Sitanshu Sekhar Joseph, Neema Singh, Rana Jugdeep Patro, Binod Pala, Star Kumar, Rajeev Purohit, Bishwaranjan Medini, Shravan Kumar Kharbangar, Ory Nica Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India Public Health Masters Program School of Medicine University of Limerick Ireland Faculty of Human and Health Sciences Swansea University United Kingdom Department of Preventive and Social Medicine JIPMER Puducherry India The Union SEA Office New Delhi India Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine AIIMS Bhubaneshwar India Department of Community Medicine NEIGRIHMS Shillong India

Background: The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) has established that sale of loose cigarettes increases the affordability and accessibility of tobacco for minors. Acknowledging this threat to public health, the Department of Consumer Affairs, Government of India amended the Legal Metrology Act to prohibit sale of loose cigarettes. Regardless, over 70% of the total cigarette sale in the country is in the form of loose cigarettes majority of which is being sold at unrecognized, unrecorded and unregulated informal sector of economy. However, there is a paucity of studies examining the factors associated with sale of loose cigarettes and further research is warranted in the country to know the dynamics of this issue. Objective: To determine the prevalence and the factors associated with the sale of loose cigarettes at Point of Sale (PoS) in the selected four Indian states. Methods: A community based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among a total of 2044 PoS in the project states of Meghalaya, Odisha, Puducherry and Telangana using purposive sampling technique. The characteristics of tobacco vendors and the status of loose cigarettes sale were collected using a structured and pre-tested checklist. Proportion for prevalence estimate, bivariate and multivariable log binomial regression analysis were done. Results: The prevalence of loose cigarette sale was 93.05% [95% CI: 91.89–94.1]. Sale of loose cigarette showed a significant association with area (aPR 1.03;95% CI: 1–1.06;p = 0.025), sale of tobacco products to minors (aPR 1.07;95% CI: 1.04–1.11;p < 0.001), sale of smoking aids to customers (aPR 1.05;95% CI: 1.01–1.09;p = 0.02), sale of flavored chewable tobacco (aPR 1.08;95% CI: 1.03–1.12;p = 0.001) and presence of pack warning (aPR 1.18;95% CI: 1.11–1.25;p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings infer an open disregard for the laws specific to sale of loose cigarettes at PoS. The factors associated with the sale of loose cigarette needs to be a

关键词： COTPA non-compliance Loose cigarettes PoS characteristics Public health policy

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