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International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices, ASEMD

作者： Wu Ming Chen Xu Chuan Jiang Mustafa Yavuz Shiro Kambe School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada Cankaya University Ankara Turkey Human Sensing Program Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University Yonezawa Japan

The Avrami's kinetics was known to be the best theory to describe Bi-2223 crystals growth. Whereas, it cannot explain the fact that maximum product volume appearing at optimum sintering time during synthesis Bi-2223 crystal. Meanwhile, the Avrami's equation can also be used to determine the activation energy of Bi-2223 crystal growth; unfortunately, the determined activation energy, E, had dispersion as much as hard to be accepted by researchers themselves. To solve those problems, we studied and developed Avrami's kinetics and obtained a developed Avrami's kinetics equation in this research. With the developed Avrami equation, the index of growth, n, and E of Bi-2223 crystals were determined, including the periods of Bi-2223 crystals growing and decomposing. The n and E for Bi-2223 crystals were changing during synthesis period, values of which can be positive, zero or negative for different reaction periods. And the negative E and n were no reports to be found before, which caused by the decomposition of the product. The developed kinetics can describe a phase transformation system that with metastable or stable product. The developed kinetics theory, as a universal theoretical tool, is expected to be widely applied in the science and engineering multidisciplines and their related interdisciplines.

关键词： Crystals Kinetic theory Equations Mathematical model Educational institutions High temperature superconductors Australia

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Dynamics and stability of divacancy defects in graphene

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Physical Review B 2011年第7期84卷 075445-075445页

作者： Youngkuk Kim Jisoon Ihm Euijoon Yoon Gun-Do Lee Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul 151-747 Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea Department of Nano Science and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Suwon 433-270 Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering WCU Hybrid Materials Program Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Republic of Korea Energy Semiconductor Research Center Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology Seoul National University Suwon 443-270 Korea

A divacancy (DV) is one of the most abundant and most important defects in irradiated graphene, which modifies electronic and chemical properties of graphene. In this paper, we present ab initio calculations to study the dynamics and stability of DVs in graphene. Divacancies in graphene have various reconstructed structures, such as triple pentagon-triple heptagon (555-777) and pentagon-octagon-pentagon (5-8-5) patterns. A direct observation of the structural transformations between these reconstructions was recorded in transmission electron microscope images reported by Girit et al. in science 323, 1705 (2009). We clarify the atomic structures of DVs observed in the experiment and investigate the atomic processes and energetics for the observed dynamical motions in great detail. It is found that a series of Stone–Wales-type transformations are responsible for the migration and structural transformations of DVs and that a pentagon-heptagon-heptagon-pentagon (5-7-7-5) defect appearing as an intermediate structure during the dynamical process plays an important role in the transformations of DVs.

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Phonon transport and thermoelectricity in defect-engineered InAs nanowires

Phonon transport and thermoelectricity in defect-engineered ...

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2011 MRS Fall Meeting

作者： Weathers, Annie Moore, Arden L. Pettes, Michael T. Salta, Daniel Kim, Jaehyun Dick, Kimberly Samuelson, Lars Linke, Heiner Caroff, Philippe Shi, Li Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Material Science and Engineering Graduate Program University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Center for Nano and Molecular Science University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Division of Solid State Physics Lund University S-22100 Lund Sweden Polymer and Materials Chemistry Lund University S-22100 Lund Sweden Institut d'Electronique de Microelectronique et de Nanotechnologie UMR CNRS 8520 F-59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq France

ISBN: (纸本)9781627482219

There have been reports of improvements in the thermoelectric figure of merit through the use of nanostructured materials to suppress the lattice thermal conductivity. Here, we report on a fundamental study of the combined effects of defect planes and surface scattering on phonon transport and thermoelectric properties of defect-engineered InAs nanowires. A microfabricated device is employed to measure the thermal conductivity and thermopower of individual suspended indium arsenide nanowires grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. The four-probe measurement device consists of platinum resistance thermometers and electrodes patterned on two adjacent SiNx membranes. A nanowire was suspended between the two membranes, and electrical contact between the nanowire and the platinum electrodes was made with the evaporation of a Ni/Pd film through a shadow mask. The exposed back side of the device substrate allows for characterization of the crystal structure of the suspended nanowire with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) following measurement. The 100-200 nm diameter zincblende (ZB) InAs nanowire samples were grown with randomly spaced twin defects, stacking faults, or phases boundaries perpendicular to the nanowire growth direction, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Compared to single-crystal ZB InAs nanowires with a similar lateral dimension, the thermal conductivity of the defect-engineered nanowires is reduced by fifty percent at room temperature. © 2012 materials Research Society.

关键词： Nanowires

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PDMS through-hole fabrication by soft lithography using CH4/He atmospheric RF plasma surface treatment

PDMS through-hole fabrication by soft lithography using CH4/...

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IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

作者： Jongchan Choi Kyeong-Hwan Lee Ji A Choi Sun Hwa Lee Sung Yang School of Information and Mechatronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering Chonnam National University Gwangju South Korea Institute of Medical System Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics School of Information and Mechatronics Graduate Program of Medical System Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea

This paper presents a PDMS micro through-hole molding method by simple soft lithography process in which the surface of a master mold and a substrate is treated by atmospheric CH 4 /He RF plasma to feature hydrophobic property on the surface. Rectangular and circular-shaped PDMS micro through-hole layers are made by the proposed fabrication method. As one of the applications of the PDMS micro through-hole layer for multi-layered systems, a radial concentration gradient generator including a micro through-hole layer is constructed and its performance is tested. The micro through-holes fabricated by the proposed method are well-defined. The concentration gradients measured in radial directions are in a similar level. Also, the tearing problem, which is often happened in spin-coating and lift-off molding methods, is not observed during the fabrication process of the PDMS micro through-holes. Therefore, we believe that the proposed fabrication method contributes to improve the technology for PDMS through-hole fabrication.

关键词： Surface treatment Fabrication Plasmas Substrates Helium Generators Radio frequency

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Phonon Transport and Thermoelectricity in Defect-Engineered InAs Nanowires

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期1404卷 36-43页

作者： Weathers, Annie Moore, Arden L. Pettes, Michael T. Salta, Daniel Kim, Jaehyun Dick, Kimberly Samuelson, Lars Linke, Heiner Caroff, Philippe Shi, Li Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin USA Center for Nano and Molecular Science The University of Texas at Austin Austin USA Material Science and Engineering Graduate Program The University of Texas at Austin Austin USA The Nanometer Structure Consortium (nmC@LU) and Division of Solid State Physics Lund University Lund Sweden Polymer & Materials Chemistry Lund Sweden Institut d’Electronique de Microelectronique et de Nanotechnologie UMR CNRS 8520 France

关键词： thermoelectric nanostructure thermal conductivity

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Development of continuous wrapping tantalum barriers for internal-tin Nb3Sn multi-filamentary wires

Development of continuous wrapping tantalum barriers for int...

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International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices, ASEMD

作者： Wu Ming Chen Mustafa Yavuz Xue Kui Fu Shiro Kambe Peter McIntyre Jian Xun Jin Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada School of Materials Science & Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Human Sensing Program Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University Yonezawa Japan Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Cankaya University Ankara ON Turkey Department of Physics Texas A&M University TX USA Center of Applied Superconductivity and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China China

A process, continuous wrapping tantalum barrier, has been developed and investigated in order to reduce the manufacturing cost. By avoiding inserting expensive tantalum tube, a long sheet barrier was directly used to wrap a prior restack. In this work, a tantalum barrier with 20 % overlap was wrapped onto sub-elements. Then 18-filament Nb 3 Sn plus 1 copper core restack billet was successfully drawn down and extruded into round wire as thin as a diameter of 0.84 mm. The longitudinal and cross-sectional images revealed most of barriers were continuous and intact. However, further experiments are needed to optimize the process in order to keep the all barriers continuous and intact after manufacturing.

关键词： Niobium-tin Wires Copper Electron tubes Educational institutions Superconducting magnets

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Abstracts Of Shellfish Technical Papers Presented at the joint meeting of the Northeast Aquaculture Conference and Exposition Milford Aquaculture Seminar and the International Conference on Shellfish Restoration Groton, Connecticut December 12–15, 2012

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Journal of Shellfish Research 2013年第2期32卷 571-612页

作者： Walter Blogoslawski Christopher Davis Dorothy Leonard Lisa Milke Steven Allen Peter Bergstrom A.C. Carpenter Mark Luckenbach Kennedy Paynter Angela Sowers Eric Weissberger James Wesson Stephanie Westby Steven Allen Stephanie Westby Claire O'Neil Angela Sowers Eric Weisberrger Oliver Bender Peter Boyce Gabriel Betty Mark Borrelli Anamarija Frankic Curtis Felix Jennifer Wilson Peter Boyce Oliver Bender Suzanne Bricker Tessa Getchis Cary Chadwick Julie Rose Cori Rose Kelsey Brockett Jessica Peterman David Bushek Daphne Munroe Eric Powell Lisa Calvo Barney Hollinger William Riggin William Shadel Jenny Paterno Ryan Carnegie David Bushek Carole Cyr Lisandre G. Solomon Francoise Bourque Tyler Carrier Stephen Eddy Sarah Redmond James Cervino Rand Weeks Jason Shorr Carmen Lin Dajana Gjoza Thomas J. Goreau Erik Chapman Derrick Chelikowsky Diane Kapareiko Dorothy Jefferess Gary Wikfors Carmela Cuomo Joseph Choromanski Sheila Stiles Dorothy Jeffress Haley Ladeau Loren Coen Boze Hancock Lesley Baggett Sean Powers Rob Brumbaugh Summer Morlock Bryan DeAngelis Anne Cohen Daniel McCorkle Gail Schwietermann Kathryn Rose Dave Conley SaiGiridhar Dasika April Croxton Soren Dahl Debra Barnes Bassem Allam Jonathan Davis Brian Allen Betsy Peabody Jonathan Davis Julie Davis William Walton Donatella Del Piero Michael Devin Molly Flanagan Paul Rawson Chauncey Devin Dana Morse Mark S. Dixon Genevieve Bernatchez Kelsey Boeff Eve Galimany Yaqin Li Aynur Lok Shannon L. Meseck Marguerite Petit Sean Dixon Sam Lee Dennis O'Connor Kelly Drake Shelley Edmundson Elizabeth Fairchild Melissa Evans Allison Fitzgerald Chester Zarnoch William Wallace Amy Fitzpatrick Gef Flimlin Sandra Macfarlane Gef Flimlin Thomas Foca David Bushek Timothy Visel Walter Blogoslawski Deborah A. Bouchard Joseph Buttner John Ewart Ann Faulds George E. Flimlin Doris Hicks Craig Hollingsworth Andrew Lazur Dale Leavitt Dennis McIntosh Dana L. Morse Tom Rippen Gregg Rivara Roxanna Smolowitz Dan Terlizzi Don Webster Michael Chambers Diane C. Murphy Robert Pomeroy Josh Reitsma Mic U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center Milford Laboratory 212 Rogers Avenue Milford CT 06460 Maine Aquaculture Innovation Center 5717 Corbett Hall Room 436 Orono ME 04469 Ocean Equities LLC 776 Rolling View Drive Annapolis MD 21409. Oyster Recovery Partnership 1805A Virginia St Annapolis MD 21401 NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office 410 Severn Ave Suite 207-A Annapolis MD 21403 Potomac River Fisheries Commission 222 Taylor St Colonial Beach VA 22443 Virginia Institute of Marine Science Eastern Shore Laboratory PO Box 350 Wachapreague VA 23480 1213 HJ Patterson Hall University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Baltimore District P.O. Box 1715 Baltimore MD 21203 Maryland Department of Natural Resources 580 Taylor Ave Annapolis MD 21401 Virginia Marine Resources Commission 2600 Washington Ave Newport News VA 23607 NOAA Restoration Center 410 Severn Ave Annapolis MD 21403. Oyster Recovery Partnership 1805A Virginia St Annpolis MD 21401 National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration 410 Severn Ave Suite 107-A Annapolis MD 21403 USA Army Corps of Engineers 10 South Howard St Baltimore MD 21201 Maryland Department of Natural Resources 580 Taylor Ave Tawes State Office Building Annapolis MD 21401. Maria Mitchell Association 4 Vestal St Nantucket MA 02554 Maria Mitchell Association 65 Meadowview Drive Nantucket MA 02554. University of Rhode Island 620 Main St. Hopkinton RI 02832. Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies 5 Holway Avenue Provincetown MA 02657 University of Massachusetts Boston 100 Morrissey Blvd Boston Massachusetts Boston MA Town of Wellfleet 300 Main Street Wellfleet Massachusetts MA 02667. Maria Mitchell Association 65 Meadowview Dr Nantucket MA 02554. NOAA National Center for Coastal Ocean Science 1305 East West Highway Room 8110 Silver Spring MD 20910 Connecticut Sea Grant University o

It was with great excitement that we planned the combined meetings of Northeast Aquaculture Conference and Exposition (NACE) and the International Conference on Shellfish Restoration (ICSR) with the 33rd Milford Aquaculture Seminar (MAS). Bringing these different but complementary audiences together resulted in a meeting that combined many different aspects of fisheries restoration and aquaculture under one *** hundred attendees including government representatives, research scientists, industry, and academia at both the university and vocational high school levels attended this event. The meeting commenced on Wednesday December 12th 2012, with over eighty people attending seven field trips to area aquaculture farms and research facilities. The formal program began on Thursday, December 13th with a plenary session including invited speakers Eric Schwabb, Acting Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Management at NOAA; Sebastian Belle, Executive Director of the Maine Aquaculture Association and Boze Hancock from the Nature Conservancy, who discussed the role of aquaculture in fisheries restoration. John Bullard, the Northeast Regional Administrator of NOAA Fisheries Service, addressed the group during the luncheon the following day. The technical papers and workshops presented were divided into 35 sessions over three days of the meeting and included topics such as the history of aquaculture, aquaculture hatchery innovations, siting and planning issues, risk management, aquaculture business management, ocean acidification, climate change, as well as aquaculture disease issues and potential remedies. Having persons present who have experienced problems and successes, along with those in manufacturing and government responsible for addressing concerns and sharing best practices, was invaluable. Discussions among this cross-section of persons who represent different aspects of aquaculture were as important as the well-presented and interesting formal papers

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Size-dependent infiltration and optical detection of nucleic acids in nanoscale pores

Size-dependent infiltration and optical detection of nucleic...

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作者： Lawrie, Jenifer L. Jiao, Yang Weiss, Sharon M. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States

Experiments and complimentary simulations are presented to demonstrate the size-dependent infiltration and detection of variable length nucleic acids in porous silicon with controllable pore diameters in the range of 15-60 nm. The pore diameter must be tuned according to target molecule size in order to most effectively balance sensitivity and size-exclusion. A quantitative relationship between pore size (15-60 nm), nucleic acid length (up to ~5.3 nm), and sensor response is presented with smallermolecules detected more sensitively in smaller pores as long as the pore diameter is sufficient to enable molecular infiltration and binding in the pores. The density of probe molecules on the pore walls and subsequent hybridization efficiency for targetmolecule binding are also reported and are shown to depend strongly on the method of infiltration as well as the target molecule size.© 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Porous silicon

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Nano‐Resolution X‐ray Tomography for Deciphering Wiring Diagram of Mammalian Brain

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2011年第1期1365卷 399-402页

作者： H. Mizutani H. Sagara A. Takeuchi T. Ohigashi W. Yashiro K. Uesugi Y. Suzuki A. Momose T. Takagi aScience Integration Program Organization for Interdisciplinary Research Projects The University of Tokyo 5‐1‐5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Chiba Japan bInstitute of Medical Science the University of Tokyo 4‐6‐1 Shirokanedai Minato‐ku Tokyo Japan cJapan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring‐8 1‐1‐1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo Japan dResearch Organization of Science & Engineering Ritsumeikan University 1‐1‐1 Noji Higashi Shiga Japan eDepartment of Advanced Materials Science Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo 5‐1‐5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Chiba Japan

Neural circuits in the central nervous system are the substrate of various high‐order brain functions. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying neuronal information processing in the brain. Anatomical and functional graph structures of neural networks with actual connections will provide us with perspectives to elucidate the brain complexity. Here, we aim to develop a three‐dimensional mouse brain atlas of neural circuits using nano‐resolution x‐ray tomography by synchrotron radiation. In addition to identifying a large number of synapses, our research will also clarify the structure of neuronal networks for understanding the most complex organ in the body. In this study, we observed metal‐stained biological tissues of the mouse brain using hard x‐ray Zernike‐type phase‐contrast microscopy with 60‐nm resolution at SPring‐8. As a result, the nano‐resolution hard x‐ray phase‐contrast microscope revealed nerve fibers and organelles including mitochondria and synapses in the neural tissue. In the near future, this information will be utilized to begin deciphering the wiring diagram of the brain by using nano‐resolution x‐ray tomography.

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Characterization of the critical load/speed values to mild to severe wear regime transition in a pin-on-disc test of a dense alumina

Characterization of the critical load/speed values to mild t...

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1st International Brazilian Conference on Tribology, TriboBR-2010 and 2nd International Tribology Symposium of IFToMM, ITS - IFToMM 2010

作者： Tedesco, Nadetsa Reginato De Jesus Agnolon Pallone, Elíria Maria Tomasi, Roberto Post-graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos - SP Brazil Basics Science Department-FZEA University of São Paulo Pirassununga - SP Brazil Materials Engineering Department Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos - SP Brazil

Alumina ceramics in a wear test reacts with air humidity to form a film layer of aluminum hydroxide which acts as a lubricant. Increasing sliding test load and/or speed affects the tribofilm and changes the wear regime from mild to severe. The purpose of this work was to determine critical values of load and sliding speed for the wear regime transition under controlled atmosphere humidity, in a pin-on-disc test. The wear rate and the worn surface SEM image and roughness allowed to distinguish the mild and severe wear regime for different speed/load combinations so that the boundaries of mild wear region was determined. The boundaries were characterized by a narrow transition zone. The image analyses have shown distinct wear mechanisms as function of sliding speed and load.

关键词： Alumina

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