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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yahiaoui, Riad Chase, Zizwe A. Kyaw, Chan Tay, Fuyang Baydin, Andrey Noe, G. Timothy Song, Junyeob Kono, Junichiro Agrawal, Amit Bamba, Motoaki Searles, Thomas A. Department of Physics and Astronomy Howard University WashingtonDC20059 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX70005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Physical Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Maryland NanoCenter University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Department of Physics I Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

A system of N two-level atoms cooperatively interacting with a photonic field can be described as a single giant atom coupled to the field with interaction strength ∝ √N. This enhancement, known as Dicke cooperativity in quantum optics, has recently become an indispensable element in quantum information technology based on strong light-matter coupling. Here, we extend the coupling beyond the standard light-matter interaction paradigm, emulating Dicke cooperativity in a terahertz metasurface with N meta-atoms. Cooperative enhancement manifested in the form of matter-matter coupling, through the hybridization of localized surface plasmon resonance in individual meta-atoms and surface lattice resonance due to the periodic array of the meta-atoms. By varying the lattice constant of the array, we observe a clear anticrossing behavior, a signature of strong coupling. Furthermore, through engineering of the capacitive split-gap in the meta-atoms, the coupling rate was cooperatively enhanced into the ultrastrong coupling regime by a factor of √N. This room-temperature technology serves as a convenient quantum emulator of the dynamics of a qubit with a giant dipole moment coherently driven by a single bosonic field. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Atoms

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Corrigendum to "Development and functional evaluation of a hyaluronic acid coated nano-formulation with kaempferol as a novel intra-articular agent for knee osteoarthritis treatment"[ Biomed. Pharmacother. 175(2024) 116717]

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Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 2024年 177卷 116944页

作者： Ching-Yu Lee Yu-Chu Chang Kai-Chiang Yang Yung-Fang Lin Alexander T H Wu Ching-Li Tseng International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 110301 Taiwan Department of Orthopedics Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei 110301 Taiwan Department of Orthopaedics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 110301 Taiwan Orthopedic Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei 110301 Taiwan. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 110301 Taiwan. School of Dental Technology College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 110301 Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei 110301 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei 110301 Taiwan. The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei 110301 Taiwan Clinical Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei 110301 Taiwan. Electronic address: chaw1211@tmu.edu.tw. International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei 110301 Taiwan. Electronic address: chingli@tmu.edu.tw.

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Mixed-linker strategy for suppressing structural flexibility of metal-organic framework membranes for gas separation

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Communications Chemistry 2023年第1期6卷 1-12页

作者： Chung-Kai Chang Yen-Chun Lin Yi-Pei Li Dun-Yen Kang Ting-Rong Ko Tsai-Yu Lin Heng-Liang Wu Hyun Jung Yu Jong Suk Lee Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University (NTU-MST) No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Sogang University Baekbeom-ro 35 Mapo-gu Seoul 04107 Republic of Korea

Structural flexibility is a critical issue that limits the application of metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes for gas separation. Herein we propose a mixed-linker approach to suppress the structural flexibility of the CAU-10-based (CAU = Christian-Albrechts-University) membranes. Specifically, pure CAU-10-PDC membranes display high separation performance but at the same time are highly unstable for the separation of CO2/CH4. A partial substitution (30 mol.%) of the linker PDC with BDC significantly improves its stability. Such an approach also allows for decreasing the aperture size of MOFs. The optimized CAU-10-PDC-H (70/30) membrane possesses a high separation performance for CO2/CH4(separation factor of 74.2 and CO2permeability of 1,111.1 Barrer under 2 bar of feed pressure at 35°C). A combination of in situ characterization with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy, as well as periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations, unveils the origin of the mixed-linker approach to enhancing the structural stability of the mixed-linker CAU-10-based membranes during the gas permeation tests.

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EMPRESS. IX. Extremely Metal-Poor Galaxies are Very Gas-Rich Dispersion-Dominated Systems: Will JWST Witness Gaseous Turbulent High-z Primordial Galaxies?

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Isobe, Yuki Ouchi, Masami Nakajima, Kimihiko Ozaki, Shinobu Bouché, Nicolas F. Wise, John H. Xu, Yi Emsellem, Eric Kusakabe, Haruka Hattori, Takashi Nagao, Tohru Chiaki, Gen Fukushima, Hajime Harikane, Yuichi Hayashi, Kohei Hirai, Yutaka Kim, Ji Hoon Maseda, Michael V. Nagamine, Kentaro Shibuya, Takatoshi Sugahara, Yuma Yajima, Hidenobu Aoyama, Shohei Fujimoto, Seiji Fukushima, Keita Hatano, Shun Inoue, Akio K. Ishigaki, Tsuyoshi Kawasaki, Masahiro Kojima, Takashi Komiyama, Yutaka Koyama, Shuhei Koyama, Yusei Lee, Chien-Hsiu Matsumoto, Akinori Mawatari, Ken Moriya, Takashi J. Motohara, Kentaro Murai, Kai Nishigaki, Moka Onodera, Masato Ono, Yoshiaki Rauch, Michael Saito, Tomoki Sasaki, Rin Suzuki, Akihiro Takeuchi, Tsutomu T. Umeda, Hiroya Umemura, Masayuki Watanabe, Kuria Yabe, Kiyoto Zhang, Yechi Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Univ Lyon Univ Lyon1 ENS de Lyon CNRS Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574 Saint-Genis-LavalF-69230 France Center for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physics Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan European Southern Observatory Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2 Garching85748 Germany Observatoire de Genéve Université de Genéve 51 Ch. des Maillettes Versoix1290 Switzerland 650 North A'ohoku Place HiloHI96720 United States Research Center for Space and Cosmic Evolution Ehime University Bunkyo-cho 2-5 Ehime Matsuyama790-8577 Japan Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba Ten-nodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki305-8577 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom National Institute of Technology Ichinoseki College Hagisho Ichinoseki021-8511 Japan Astronomical Institute Tohoku University 6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Miyagi Sendai980-8578 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Notre Dame 225 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre DameIN46556 United States Astronomy Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of SNU Astronomy Research Center Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Astronomy University of Wisconsin-Madison 475 N. Charter Street MadisonWI53706 United States Theoretical Astrophysics Department of Earth & Space S

We present kinematics of 6 local extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs) with low metallicities (0.016 − 0.098 Z☉) and low stellar masses (104.7 − 107.6M☉). Taking deep medium-high resolution (R ∼ 7500) integral-field spectra with 8.2-m Subaru, we resolve the small inner velocity gradients and dispersions of the EMPGs with Hα emission. Carefully masking out sub-structures originated by inflow and/or outflow, we fit 3-dimensional disk models to the observed Hα flux, velocity, and velocity-dispersion maps. All the EMPGs show rotational velocities (vrot) of 5-23 km s−1 smaller than the velocity dispersions (σ0) of 17-31 km s−1, indicating dispersion-dominated (vrot/σ0 = 0.29−0.80 gas 0.9 − 1.0. Comparing our results with other Hα kinematics studies, we find that vrot/σ0 decreases and fgas increases with decreasing metallicity, decreasing stellar mass, and increasing specific star-formation rate. We also find that simulated high-z (z ∼ 7) forming galaxies have gas fractions and dynamics similar to the observed EMPGs. Our EMPG observations and the simulations suggest that primordial galaxies are gas-rich dispersion-dominated systems, which would be identified by the forthcoming James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations at z ∼ 7. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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Benchmark problems for transcranial ultrasound simulation: Intercomparison of compressional wave models

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Aubry, Jean-Francois Bates, Oscar Boehm, Christian Pauly, Kim Butts Christensen, Douglas Cueto, Carlos Gélat, Pierre Guasch, Lluis Jaros, Jiri Jing, Yun Jones, Rebecca Li, Ningrui Marty, Patrick Montanaro, Hazael Neufeld, Esra Pichardo, Samuel Pinton, Gianmarco Pulkkinen, Aki Stanziola, Antonio Thielscher, Axel Treeby, Bradley Van't Wout, Elwin Physics for Medicine Paris INSERM U1273 ESPCI Paris PSL University CNRS UMR 8063 France Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London Exhibition Road LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Institute of Geophysics ETH Zürich Sonneggstrasse 5 Zürich8092 Switzerland Department of Radiology Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah United States Department of Surgical Biotechnology Division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College London LondonNW3 2PF United Kingdom Earth Science and Engineering Department Imperial College London London United Kingdom Centre of Excellence IT4Innovations Faculty of Information Technology Brno University of Technology Bozetechova 2 Brno612 00 Czech Republic Graduate Program in Acoustics The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA16802 United States Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill North Carolina State University NC United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States Zurich Switzerland Laboratory for Acoustics / Noise control Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Dubendorf Switzerland Zurich Switzerland Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences Departments Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Canada Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio70211 Finland Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Technical University of Denmark Denmark Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Denmark Institute for Mathematical and Computational Engineering School of Engineering and Faculty of Mathematics Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Santiago Chile

Computational models of acoustic wave propagation are frequently used in transcranial ultrasound therapy, for example, to calculate the intracranial pressure field or to calculate phase delays to correct for skull distortions. To allow intercomparison between the different modeling tools and techniques used by the community, an international working group was convened to formulate a set of numerical benchmarks. Here, these benchmarks are presented, along with intercomparison results. Nine different benchmarks of increasing geometric complexity are defined. These include a single-layer planar bone immersed in water, a multi-layer bone, and a whole skull. Two transducer configurations are considered (a focused bowl and a plane piston), giving a total of 18 permutations of the benchmarks. Eleven different modeling tools are used to compute the benchmark results. The models span a wide range of numerical techniques, including the finite-difference time-domain method, angular-spectrum method, pseudospectral method, boundary-element method, and spectral-element method. Good agreement is found between the models, particularly for the position, size, and magnitude of the acoustic focus within the skull. When comparing results for each model with every other model in a cross comparison, the median values for each benchmark for the difference in focal pressure and position are less than 10% and 1 mm, respectively. The benchmark definitions, model results, and intercomparison codes are freely available to facilitate further comparisons. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bone

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Synthesis-temperature effect on the luminescence under light and UV excitation of Eu 3+ doped lithium lanthanum borate phosphor

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materials Today: Proceedings 2018年第7期5卷 15086-15091页

作者： E. Kaewnuam J. Kaewkhao Physics Program Faculty of Science and Technology Muban Chombueng Rajabhat University Ratchaburi 70150 Thailand Graduate Program in Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University Nakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science (CEGM) Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University Nakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand

Eu 3+ doped lithium lanthanum borate phosphors were prepared by the solid-state reaction with different temperature in the range of 400 – 700°C. Influence of preparing temperature on the phosphor structure and luminescence property were investigated. X-ray diffraction indicates the obvious structure of monoclinic Li 3 La 2 (BO 3 ) 3 and orthorhombic LaBO 3 formed in powder. Li 3 La 2 (BO 3 ) 3 was constructed better with increasing of the synthesis-temperature between 500 – 700°C. For absorption spectra, phosphor can absorb more photons in visible light and near-infrared region with the synthesis temperature rising. Visible light with 394 nm and ultraviolet with 275 nm were used to monitor the emission spectra and the strongest emission at 613 nm wavelength was founded. Powders prepared at 600 and 700°C performed the maximum intensity of emission when they were excited with mentioned ultraviolet and visible light, respectively. This difference corresponds to the variation of Li 3 La 2 (BO 3 ) 3 and LaBO 3 structure via thermal synthesis. Phosphor in this work is suitable for using in the ultraviolet-light converter, display, light source and performs an interesting potential for neutron-imaging application.

关键词： Phosphor Luminescence Europium UV-excitation

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1/f2 spectra of decoherence noise on 75As nuclear spins in bulk GaAs

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Sasaki, Susumu Miura, Takanori Ikeda, Kohsuke Sakai, Masahiro Sekikawa, Takuya Saito, Masaki Yuge, Tatsuro Hirayama, Yoshiro Materials Science Program Niigata University Niigata950-2181 Japan Japan Agency for Medical Research Development Tokyo100-0004 Japan Graduate School of Science and Technology Niigata University Niigata950-2181 Japan Department of Physics Shizuoka University Shizuoka422-8529 Japan Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai980-8578 Japan

To identify the decoherence origin, frequency spectra using multiple π-pulses have been extensively studied. However, little has been discussed on how to define the spectral intensities from multiple-echo decays and how to incorporate the Hahn-echo T2 in the noise spectra. Here, we show that experiments based on two theories solve these issues. With the previous theory clarifying that the spectral intensity should be given as the decay in the longtime limit, the intensity can be deduced without experimental artifacts usually entailed in the initial process. The other is the fluctuation-dissipation theory, with which the Hahn-echo T2 is utilized as the zero-frequency limit of the noise spectrum and as an answer to the divergent issue on the 1/fn noises. As a result, arsenic nuclear spins are found to exhibit 1/f2 dependences over two orders of magnitude in all the substrates of un-doped, Cr-doped semiinsulating and Si-doped metallic GaAs at 297 K. The 1/f2 dependence indicates single noise source that is characterized by the characteristic frequency fcun=170±10 Hz, fcCr=210±10 Hz and fcSi=460±30 Hz. These fc values are explained by a model that the decoherence is caused by the fluctuations of next-nearest-neighboring nuclear spins. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum theory

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Overcoming small-bandgap charge recombination in visible and NIR-light-driven hydrogen evolution by engineering the polymer photocatalyst structure

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Nature communications 2024年第1期15卷 707页

作者： Mohamed Hammad Elsayed Mohamed Abdellah Ahmed Zaki Alhakemy Islam M A Mekhemer Ahmed Esmail A Aboubakr Bo-Han Chen Amr Sabbah Kun-Han Lin Wen-Sheng Chiu Sheng-Jie Lin Che-Yi Chu Chih-Hsuan Lu Shang-Da Yang Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Shiao-Wei Kuo Chen-Hsiung Hung Li-Chyong Chen Kuei-Hsien Chen Ho-Hsiu Chou Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University Nasr City 11884 Cairo Egypt. Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan. Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan. Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan. Department of Chemistry United Arab Emirates University Al Ain P.O. Box 15551 United Arab Emirates. Department of Chemistry Qena Faculty of Science South Valley University 83523 Qena Egypt. Chemical Physics and NanoLund Lund University 22100 Lund Sweden. Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University Assiut 71542 Egypt. Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Taipei Taiwan. Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan. Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica 128 Sec 2 Academia Rd. Nankang Taipei 11529 Taiwan. Institute of Photonics Technologies National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan. Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan. Department of Chemical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung 40227 Taiwan. Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung 804 Kaohsiung Taiwan. Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan. Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan. hhchou@mx.nthu.edu.tw.

Designing an organic polymer photocatalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution with visible and near-infrared (NIR) light activity is still a major challenge. Unlike the common behavior of gradually increasing the charge recombination while shrinking the bandgap, we present here a series of polymer nanoparticles (Pdots) based on ITIC and BTIC units with different π-linkers between the acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) repeated moieties of the polymer. These polymers act as an efficient single polymer photocatalyst for H2 evolution under both visible and NIR light, without combining or hybridizing with other materials. Importantly, the difluorothiophene (ThF) π-linker facilitates the charge transfer between acceptors of different repeated moieties (A-D-A-(π-Linker)-A-D-A), leading to the enhancement of charge separation between D and A. As a result, the PITIC-ThF Pdots exhibit superior hydrogen evolution rates of 279 µmol/h and 20.5 µmol/h with visible (>420 nm) and NIR (>780 nm) light irradiation, respectively. Furthermore, PITIC-ThF Pdots exhibit a promising apparent quantum yield (AQY) at 700 nm (4.76%).

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Smart sensor based distillation for fractionating citronella oil: current research challenges

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2020年第1期472卷

作者： D Wahyudi E Noor D Setyaningsih T Djatna Irmansyah Post Graduate Program of Agroindustrial Technology Bogor Agricultural University Bogor Department of Agroindustrial Technology Bogor Agricultural University Bogor Indonesia. Department of Physics Bogor Agricultural University Bogor Indonesia. of Computer Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Medan Agricultural Development Polytechnic Medan Indonesia.

Citronella oil is one of the essential oils derived from the leaves and stem of lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus). At present, most of the lemongrass oil industry in Indonesia is still in the form of upstream industries which only provide crude purified oils with low purity for export with a fairly low sales value. technology in improving the purity of citronella oil needs innovation in following the development of the industrial revolution 4.0. This article presents an overview of the research opportunities in the development of distillation for fractionating citronella oil referring to automation of optimization processes in the vacuum fractional distillation accompanied by inspection of the quality of essential oil isolation run in the line process based on smart sensors integrated in a computer program. The combination technique of quality control of essential oils in line process system combined with the optimization technique of the vacuum fractional distillation process has not been studied by advanced researchers. Therefore, this study has a state of the art process engineering and smart sensor-based quality control systems that can be developed for strengthening the Indonesian citronella oil industry.

关键词： Citronella oil fractional distillation smart sensor

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Fluorescent phenylthiazoles: Application as latent fingermark and their cytotoxicity against NOK-SI cell line

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Chemical Data Collections 2021年 33卷

作者： Bruno Nunes da Rosa Kristiane de Cássia Mariotti Bruna Silveira Pacheco Caroline Carapina da Silva Neftalí Lenin Villarreal Carreño Caroline Nicolodi Tais Poletti Allison Carlos Assunção Silva Adriana Fernandes da Silva Janice Luehring Giongo Rodrigo de Almeida Vaucher Tiago Franco de Oliveira Claudio Martin Pereira de Pereira Laboratory of Lipidomics and Bioorganic Bioforensics Research Group Federal University of Pelotas 96010 900 Pelotas RS Brazil National Institute of Forensic Science and Technology (INCT Forensic) Porto Alegre (RS) Pelotas (RS) Brazil Identification Group Brazilian Federal Police 90610-093 Porto Alegre RS Brazil Materials Science and Engineering Technology Development Center Federal University of Pelotas 96010-000 Pelotas RS Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry Dental School Federal University of Pelotas 96010 Pelotas RS Brazil Laboratory of Biochemistry Research and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (LaPeBBiOM) Federal University of Pelotas 96010-900 Pelotas RS Brazil Pharmacosciences Department Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre Porto Alegre RS Brazil

Fingerprints are unique to each individual who contributes to human identification in forensic cases. In this sense, the present work aimed to synthesize 1H-pyrazol-1-yl-4-phenylthiazoles and apply them as powder agents to reveal latent finger marks as an alternative and low cost related to powders found on the market. The compounds were characterized by infrared; fluorescence; 1H NMR; 13C NMR; laser diffractometer and SEM. In addition, cytotoxicity was also evaluated in oral keratinocytes showing high cell viability. The result of the hemolytic assay revealed that compound 2a does not present red cell cytotoxicity. The prepared powders were applied to fingermarks deposited on different surfaces providing quality visualization at level three so that human identification is possible.

关键词： Forensic chemistry Fingermark Thiazoles Cytotoxicity Development powder

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