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Modeling the relationship between public transportation and traffic conditions in urban areas : a system dynamics approach

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1465卷

作者： W Sardjono E Selviyanti W G Perdana Information Systems Management Department BINUS Graduate Program – Master of Information Systems Management Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Health Department Politeknik Negeri Jember Jember Jawa Timur Indonesia 68124 Post Graduate Program of Environmental Science School of Environmental Science University of Indonesia Jakarta INDONESIA 11480

The goals of the paper were to describe were and find the relations between numbers of available public transportation and traffic congestion and other variables that can reduce traffic congestion in Jakarta. The data that used in the simulation were provided by DKI Jakarta Provincial Statistics Agency from view years ago. To analyze the problem, System Dynamics are used to simulate the condition in the future using the models created based on relations between several variables. The results of the analysis shows that numbers of available public transportation cannot reduce traffic congestion if the numbers of private transportation weren't decreased. It can be concluded that government must force their citizen to reduce the number of private transportation by increasing the inflation supported by increasing numbers of available public transportation to accommodate deficit in transportation while building new roads to accommodate transportation growth in the future.

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Global concerns related to water biology and security:The need for language and policies that safeguard living resources versus those that dilute scientific knowledge

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Water Biology and Security 2023年第4期2卷 136-146页

作者： Robert M.Hughes James R.Karr Robert L.Vadas Dominick A.DellaSala Marcos Callisto Maria Joao Feio Teresa Ferreira Neels Kleynhans Renata Ruaro Chris O.Yoder J.Hal Michael Amnis Opes Institute 2895 SE GlennCorvallisOR97333USA Department of Fisheries Wildlife&Conservation SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWA98915USA Karr Consulting 102 Galaxy View CourtSequimWA98382USA 2909 Boulevard Rd.SE OlympiaWA98501-3971USA Wild Heritage a Project of Earth Island Institute2150 Allston WayBerkeleyCA94704-1346USA Departamento de Genetica Ecologia e EvolucaoInstituto de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisAvenida Antonio Carlos 6627CEP 31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Associate Laboratory ARNET Marine and Environmental Sciences CentreDepartment of Life SciencesUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal Forest Research Centre&Associate Laboratory TERRA University of LisbonTapada da Ajuda1349-017LisbonPortugal Department of Water Affairs and Forestry(retired) 8th Avenue 771Wonderboom South0084PretoriaSouth Africa Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology Federal Technological University of Parana81280-340CuritibaPRBrazil Midwest Biodiversity Institute 4673 Northwest ParkwayHilliardOH43026USA Ecologists Without Borders OlympiaWAUSA

Increasingly,scientists and non-scientists,especially employees of government agencies,tend to use weak or equivocal language when making statements related to science policy and governmental *** use recent publications to provide examples of vague language versus examples of strong language when authors write about regulating anthropogenic pressures on natural *** language is common in agency reports,policy documents,and even scientific papers published by *** language limits success in regulating anthropogenic pressures on natural *** challenge must be recognized and countered as a driver of the condition of water and associated *** also list sources of vague wording,provide global examples of how ambiguous language and political influences have contributed to water resource degradation,discuss the recent history of science censorship,and offer possible solutions for more direct scientific *** found that:(1)equivocal language was especially common in concluding statements and not only by government employees;(2)authors discussed confusing language concerns in an agency publication;and(3)agency employees sometimes used active,strong *** drivers of weak language include:(1)holding on to old paradigms and resisting new knowledge;(2)scientific uncertainty;(3)institutional manuscript review policies;(4)employment and funding insecurity;and(5)avoiding the appearance of *** associated with euphemistic language included climate change,flow and physical habitat alteration,dams,agriculture,mining,forestry,and fisheries,as well as resistance towards monitoring,assessing,and reporting ecological *** for mitigating equivocal language involve employment protections and greater focus on scientific *** conclude that natural resource scientists should resist calls to employ imprecise ***,they should be strong advocates for prescriptive and protective natura

关键词： Corruption Ethics science censoring science policy Water resource degradation

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Secondhand smoke increases the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Scientific Reports 2024年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： Su, Wen-Chi Juan, Huai-Lei Lee, Jia-In Huang, Shu-Pin Chen, Szu-Chia Geng, Jiun-Hung Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Urology Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Institute of Medical Science and Technology College of Medicine National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Faculty of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Research Center for Environmental Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Urology Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital No. 482 Shanming Rd Xiaogang District Kaohsiung City 812 Taiwan

Smoking is the most important risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), however evidence from large-scale studies on whether secondhand smoke (SHS) increases the risk of COPD is still lacking. We conducted this large longitudinal study to investigate the association between SHS and the development of COPD. This is a longitudinal study. Data on 6519 subjects who were never-smokers, had no history of COPD, and had complete lung function records were extracted from the Taiwan Biobank. They were divided into two groups according to SHS exposure: no exposure and exposure groups. Data were collected when participants enrolled in the study and during regular follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between SHS and the risk of developing COPD. At 48 months of follow-up, 260 (4%) participants in the no exposure group and 34 (7%) participants in the exposure group developed COPD. The RR of incident COPD development was significantly higher in the exposure group than that in the no exposure group after adjusting for confounders (RR = 1.49;95% CI 1.04 to 2.14;P value = 0.031). There is a dose–response relationship between the duration of exposure to SHS and the risk of incident COPD, which demonstrates that an additional hour of exposure to SHS per week was associated with a 1.03-fold increased likelihood of developing COPD after adjusting for confounders (RR = 1.03;95% CI 1.00 to 1.05;P value = 0.027). SHS exposure contributes to the development of COPD. This finding can help raise awareness of the harms of SHS and provide a reference for formulating anti-smoking policies. © The Author(s) 2024.

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Enhancing human resilience beyond COVID-19-related stress: public responses to multi-benefits of home gardening

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Scientific Reports 2023年第1期13卷 1-12页

作者： Wu, Chen-Fa Trac, Luu Van Thong Chen, Szu-Hung Menakanit, Alisara Le, Quoc Tuan Tu, Hung-Ming Tsou, Chih-Peng Huang, Hsi-Chih Chookoh, Nittaya Weng, Chih-Cheng Chou, Li-Wei Chen, Chiu-Chuan Department of Horticulture National Chung Hsing University Taichung City 402 Taiwan Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung City 402 Taiwan International Master Program of Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung City 402 Taiwan Department of Horticulture Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Nong Lam University - Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam Miaoli Management Office Irrigation Agency Council of Agriculture Executive Yuan Miaoli County 360 Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation China Medical University Hospital Taichung 404332 Taiwan Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science China Medical University Taichung 406040 Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Asia University Hospital Asia University Taichung 413505 Taiwan Department of Landscape Architecture Chung Chou University of Science and Technology Changhua County 510 Taiwan

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused a public health crisis globally. Against the backdrop of global resilience, studies have demonstrated the therapeutic value of home gardening as a measure to strengthen human health. However, there is a lack of comparative studies on its benefits across countries. Studies need to examine the role of home gardening in improving public health in various societies to understand and encourage this practice broadly and effectively. We chose Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam as case studies, which have suffered substantial pandemic impacts, with millions of infections and thousands of deaths. We explored and compared the perceptions of people on home gardening and its health benefits during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted online surveys in three countries between May 1 and September 30, 2022, with a total of 1172 participants. Data were collated on perceived pandemic stress, challenges and solutions in gardening, home gardening intentions, and mental and physical health benefits. In these countries, we found that perceived pandemic stress positively affects home gardening intentions, whereby the motivation of Vietnamese people is the highest. Challenges hinder gardening intentions, while the solutions only positively affect gardening intentions in Taiwan and Vietnam. Home gardening intentions positively affect mental and physical health, whereby there are higher mental health benefits in Taiwanese people than in Thai people. Our findings potentially support public health recovery and promote healthy lifestyles during the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2023, The Author(s).

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Catalytic conversion of sugars and biomass to furanic biofuel precursors by boron-doped biochar in ionic liquid

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Bioresource technology Reports 2020年 11卷

作者： Ofrasio, Bjorn Ivan G. de Luna, Mark Daniel G. Chen, Yu-Cheng Abarca, Ralf Ruffel M. Dong, Cheng-Di Chang, Ken-Lin Energy Engineering Program National Graduate School of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City Taiwan

In this study, the production of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from sugars e.g. xylose and glucose, and agricultural wastes e.g. corncob, rice straw and wheat straw were examined in the presence of boron-doped biochar catalysts, boric acid and an ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([emim]Cl). Boron-doped trapa shell biochar (BTB) and coconut shell biochar (BCB) catalysts were synthesized via the wet impregnation method. Fourier transform infrared spectra of biochar catalysts showed a band for B[sbnd]O stretching vibrations confirming successful boron impregnation. Furfural and HMF yields from glucose reached 32% and 40%, respectively. One-pot hydrolysis-dehydration conversion of corncob, rice straw and wheat straw resulted in yields of up to 12% and 21% for furfural and HMF, respectively. In addition, catalyst reusability up to 4 cycles was demonstrated with less than 5% variation in HMF yield. Overall, the results of the study offer new insights and great potential in the conversion of waste biomass to high value platform chemicals for energy applications. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biochar catalyst Biomass valorization Furfural HMF Ionic liquid Waste-to-energy

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Development of an advanced SiPM camera for the Large Size Telescope of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory 37

Development of an advanced SiPM camera for the Large Size Te...

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Bellato, M. Bergnoli, A. Bernasconi, E. Biland, A. Charbon, E. Corti, D. Gascón, D. Gómez, S. Ziȩtara, K. Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Montaruli, T. Monteiro, I. AQUA EPFL Neuchâtel Switzerland ETH Zurich Institute for Particle Physics Otto-Stern-Weg 5 Zurich8093 Switzerland Astronomical Observatory Jagiellonian University ul. Orla 171 Kraków30-244 Poland Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Martí i Franquès 1 Barcelona08028 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Spain INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Spain IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay France LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain INAF Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Brazil INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Via Marzolo 8 Padova35131 Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Spain Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Germany Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics India INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Catania Italy University of Geneva Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet GenèveCH-1211 Switzerland Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic CIEMAT Port d’Informació Científica INFN Sezione di Torino via P. Giuria 1 Torino10125 Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá degli Studi di Torino via P. Giuria 1 Torino10125 Italy INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari University of Rijeka Department of Physics Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universitä

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have become the baseline choice for cameras of the small-sized telescopes (SSTs) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). On the other hand, SiPMs are relatively new to the field and covering large surfaces and operating at high data rates still are challenges to outperform photomultipliers (PMTs). The higher sensitivity in the near infra-red and longer signals compared to PMTs result in higher night sky background rate for SiPMs. However, the robustness of the SiPMs represents a unique opportunity to ensure long-term operation with low maintenance and better duty cycle than PMTs. The proposed camera for large size telescopes will feature 0.05◦ pixels, low power and fast front-end electronics and a fully digital readout. In this work, we present the status of dedicated simulations and data analysis for the performance estimation. The design features and the different strategies identified, so far, to tackle the demanding requirements and the improved performance are described. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Photomultipliers

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Monitoring the pointing of the prototype LST-1 using star reconstruction in the Cherenkov camera 37

Monitoring the pointing of the prototype LST-1 using star re...

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Foffano, L. Carosi, A. Dalchenko, M. Heller, M. Della Volpe, D. Montaruli, T. Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Monteiro, I. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Mrakovcic, K. Murase, K. Nagai, A. Nakamori, T. Nickel, L. University of Geneva Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire quai Ernest Ansermet 24 Geneva Switzerland Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Spain INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM France The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Spain IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay France LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan EMFTEL Department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Brazil INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Spain Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Germany Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics India INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Catania Italy Italy Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic CIEMAT Spain Port d'Informació Científica Spain INFN Sezione di Torino Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá degli Studi di Torino Italy INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari Italy University of Rijeka Department of Physics Croatia Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Würzburg Germany Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Japan INFN Sezione di Bari Politecnico di Bari Italy Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics University of Lodz Poland University of Split FESB Croatia Department of Physics Yamagata Univ

The first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) proposed for the forthcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) has started to operate in 2019 in La Palma. The large structure of LST-1 - with a 23 m mirror dish diameter - imposes a strict control of its deformations that could affect the pointing accuracy and its overall performance. According to CTA specifications that are conceived to resolve e.g. the fine structure of galactic sources, the LST post-calibration pointing accuracy should be better than 14 arcseconds. To fulfill this requirement, the telescope pointing precision is monitored with two dedicated CCD cameras located at the dish center. The analysis of their images allows us to disentangle different systematic deformations of the structure. In this work, we investigate a complementary approach that offers the possibility to monitor the pointing of the telescope during the acquisition of sky data. After properly cleaning the events from the Cherenkov showers, the reconstructed positions of the stars imaged in the camera field of view are compared to their nominal expected positions in catalogues. This provides a direct measurement of the telescope pointing, that can be used to cross-check the other methods and as a real-time monitoring of the optical properties of the telescope and of the pointing corrections applied by the bending models. Additionally, this method benefits from not relying on specific hardware or dedicated observations. In this contribution we will illustrate this analysis and show results based on simulations of LST-1. © 2022 Sissa Medialab Srl. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stars

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Reconstruction of extensive air shower images of the first Large Size Telescope prototype of CTA using a novel likelihood technique 37

Reconstruction of extensive air shower images of the first L...

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Emery, Gabriel Dalchenko, Mykhailo Foffano, Luca Heller, Matthieu Montaruli, Teresa Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Monteiro, I. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Mrakovcic, K. Murase, K. Nagai, A. University of Geneva DPNC 24 rue du Général-Dufour Geneva Switzerland Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Spain INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM France The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Spain IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay France LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Brazil INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Spain Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Germany Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics India INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Catania Italy Italy University of Geneva Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire Switzerland Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic CIEMAT Spain Port d'Informació Científica Spain INFN Sezione di Torino Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá degli Studi di Torino Italy INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari Italy University of Rijeka Department of Physics Croatia Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Würzburg Germany Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Japan INFN Sezione di Bari Politecnico di Bari Italy Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics University of Lodz Poland University of Split FESB Croat

Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy aims at reconstructing the energy and direction of gamma rays from the extensive air showers they initiate in the atmosphere. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) collect the Cherenkov light induced by secondary charged particles in extensive air showers (EAS), creating an image of the shower in a camera positioned in the focal plane of optical systems. This image is used to evaluate the type, energy and arrival direction of the primary particle that initiated the shower. This contribution shows the results of a novel reconstruction method based on likelihood maximization. The novelty with respect to previous likelihood reconstruction methods lies in the definition of a likelihood per single camera pixel, accounting not only for the total measured charge, but also for its development over time. This leads to more precise reconstruction of shower images. The method is applied to observations of the Crab Nebula acquired with the Large Size Telescope prototype (LST-1) deployed at the northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array. © 2022 Sissa Medialab Srl. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charged particles

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Analysis of the Cherenkov Telescope Array first Large-Sized Telescope real data using convolutional neural networks 37

Analysis of the Cherenkov Telescope Array first Large-Sized ...

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Vuillaume, Thomas Jacquemont, Mikaël de Bony de Lavergne, Mathieu Sanchez, David A. Poireau, Vincent Maurin, Gilles Benoit, Alexandre Lambert, Patrick Lamanna, Giovanni Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. De Angelis, A. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Montaruli, T. Monteiro, I. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moretti, E. Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 LAPP 9 chemin de bellevue Annecy74940 France LISTIC Université Savoie Mont-Blanc Polytech Annecy-Chambéry 5 chemin de bellevue Annecy74940 France Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Spain INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM France The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Spain IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Brazil INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Spain Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Germany Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics India INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Catania Italy Italy University of Geneva Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Switzerland Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Czech Republic CIEMAT Spain Port d'Informació Científica Spain INFN Sezione di Torino Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá degli Studi di Torino Italy INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari Italy University of Rijeka Department of Physics Croatia Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Würzburg Germany Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Japan INFN Sezione di Bari Politecnico di Bari

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future ground-based gamma-ray observatory and will be composed of two arrays of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) located in the Northern and Southern hemispheres respectively. The first CTA prototype telescope built on-site, the Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1), is under commissioning in La Palma and has already taken data on numerous known sources. IACTs detect the faint flash of Cherenkov light indirectly produced after a very energetic gamma-ray photon has interacted with the atmosphere and generated an atmospheric shower. Reconstruction of the characteristics of the primary photons is usually done using a parameterization up to the third order of the light distribution of the images. In order to go beyond this classical method, new approaches are being developed using state-of-the-art methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) to reconstruct the properties of each event (incoming direction, energy and particle type) directly from the telescope images. While promising, these methods are notoriously difficult to apply to real data due to differences (such as different levels of night sky background) between Monte Carlo (MC) data used to train the network and real data. The GammaLearn project, based on these CNN approaches, has already shown an increase in sensitivity on MC simulations for LST-1 as well as a lower energy threshold. This work applies the GammaLearn network to real data acquired by LST-1 and compares the results to the classical approach that uses random forests trained on extracted image parameters. The improvements on the background rejection, event direction, and energy reconstruction are discussed in this contribution. © 2022 Sissa Medialab Srl. All rights reserved.

关键词： Telescopes

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Hydrogen sulfide reduction by conductive concrete with MFCs strain

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IOP Conference Series: Materials science and Engineering 2020年第1期965卷

作者： M Fukushima K Promunuan S O-Thong T Suzuki T Imai Division of Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Japan Biotechnology Program Faculty of Science Thaksin University Phatthalung Thailand

The objective of this study is to reduce the production of Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in sewer pipe by using conductive concrete and electricity-producing bacteria (EPB). This work was mainly focused on evaluating the effect of inoculation of EPB isolated from sewage sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant for decreasing production of H2S. The experimental results showed that inoculation of EPB could decrease the concentration of H2S, indicating that produced H2S in an anaerobic sludge sediment layer (bottom of sewer pipe) was biologically oxidized by EPB. These results demonstrated that conductive concrete can provide an electron pathway from anaerobic sludge sediment in the bottom of sewer pipe to oxygen dissolved in surface water, and as a result the electron generated from hydrogen H2S oxidation in anaerobic environment was accepted by oxygen via conductive concrete.

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