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Organic composts as A vehicle for the entry of microplastics into the environment: A comprehensive review

The science of the total environment 2023年 892卷 164758页

作者： Van-Re Le Minh-Ky Nguyen Hoang-Lam Nguyen Chitsan Lin Md Refat Jahan Rakib Van-Anh Thai Van-Giang Le Guilherme Malafaia Abubakr M Idris Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI) 140 Le Trong Tan Street Tan Phu District Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam. Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Nong Lam University of Ho Chi Minh City Hamlet 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan. Electronic address: nmky@hcmuaf.edu.vn. Department of Civil Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada. Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 81157 Taiwan. Department of Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali 3814 Bangladesh. Electronic address: rifatjahanrakib@***. Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City 81157 Taiwan. Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Vietnam National University Hanoi 111000 Viet Nam. Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of Goiás Goiânia GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil. Electronic address: guilhermeifgoiano@***. Department of Chemistry College of Science King Khalid University 61431 Abha Saudi Arabia Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia.

Plastic pollution is a widespread issue that poses a threat to agroecosystems. Recent data on microplastic (MP) pollution from compost and its application to soil have highlighted the potential impact of micropollutants that may be transferred from compost. Thus, we aim with this review to elucidate the distribution-occurrence, characterization, fate/transport, and potential risk of MPs from organic compost to gain comprehensive knowledge and mitigate the adverse impacts of compost application. The concentration of MPs in compost was up to thousands of items/kg. Among micropollutants, fibers, fragments, and films are the most common, with small MPs having a higher potential to absorb other pollutants and cause harm to organisms. Various synthetic polymers, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyester (PES), and acrylic polymers (AP), have been widely used of plastic items. MPs are emerging pollutants that can have diverse effects on soil ecosystems, as they can transfer potential pollutants from MPs to compost and then to the soil. Following the microbial degradation scheme, the transfer chain from plastics to compost to soil can be broken down into main stages, i.e., colonization - (bio)fragmentation - assimilation - and mineralization. Microorganisms and adding biochar play an essential role during composting, which can be an effective solution to enhance MP degradation. Findings have shown that stimulating free radical generation could promote the biodegradation efficacy of MPs and possibly remove their occurrence in compost, thereby reducing their contribution to ecosystem pollution. Furthermore, future recommendations were discussed to reduce ecosystem risks and health challenges.

关键词： Emerging contaminants Free radicals Mineralization Organic waste Plastic pollution Polymers

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Integrating Chinese Herbal Medicine into Conventional Care Was Related to Lower Risk of Sarcopenia Among Rheumatid Arthritis Patients: A Retrospective, Population-Based Study

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Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare 2023年 16卷 3117-3127页

作者： Li, Hsin-Hua Livneh, Hanoch Huang, Hua-Lung Wang, Yu-Han Lu, Ming-Chi Chen, Wei-Jen Tsai, Tzung-Yi Department of Chinese Medicine Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Chiayi 62247 Taiwan Rehabilitation Counseling Program Portland State University Portland 97207-0751 OR United States Department of Rehabilitation Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Chiayi Taiwan Center of Sports Medicine Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Chiayi 62247 Taiwan Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Chiayi 62247 Taiwan School of Medicine Tzu Chi University Hualien 97004 Taiwan School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine Tzu Chi University Hualien 97004 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Sports Science National Taiwan Sport University Taoyuan 33301 Taiwan Department of Medical Research Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Chiayi 62247 Taiwan Department of Nursing Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology Hualien 97004 Taiwan Department of Environmental and Occupational Health College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70428 Taiwan

Objective: Sarcopenia is a frequently observed comorbidity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) due to the chronic activation of the innate immune system. Accumulating evidence has indicated that Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) safely suppresses proinflammatory pathways and controls inflammation-associated disease, but its effect in reducing the risk of developing sarcopenia among RA subjects has not been established. We conducted a population-level cohort study to compare the sarcopenia risk in patients with RA who use or do not use CHM. Methods: Using claims from a nationwide insurance database, we recruited patients with newly diagnosed RA and without sarcopenia between 2002 and 2010. Propensity score matching was applied to randomly select sets of CHM users and non-CHM users to compare the sarcopenia risk until the end of 2013. The risk of new-onset sarcopenia was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: As compared to non-CHM users, those receiving CHM treatment had a lower incidence of sarcopenia (7.69 vs 9.83 per 1000 person-years). CHM was correlated with a decreased chance of sarcopenia after controlling for potential covariates. Notably, use of CHM for more than two years may diminish the risk of getting sarcopenia by about 47% when taken as prescribed. Prescriptions of several herbal formulae may benefit the reduction of sarcopenia risk, such as Yan-Hu-Suo, Bei-Mu, Da-Huang, Huang Qin, Ping-Wei-San (PWS), Shu-Jing-Huo-Xue-Tang (SJHXT) and Chuan-Xiong-Cha-Tiao-San (CXCTS). Conclusion: This study produced new evidence as it is the first to show that the longer duration of CHM use was correlated to reduced risk of sarcopenia in a dose-dependent manner, implying that CHM treatment could be embraced as a routine care strategy for preventing sarcopenia. © 2023 Li et al.

关键词： Chinese herbal medicine cohort study rheumatoid arthritis sarcopenia

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Combined effects of a high-fat diet and polyethylene microplastic exposure induce impaired lipid metabolism and locomotor behavior in larvae and adult zebrafish

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The science of the total environment 2023年 902卷 165988页

作者： Seenivasan Boopathi B Haridevamuthu Edrea Mendonca Akash Gandhi P Snega Priya Saad Alkahtani Norah S Al-Johani Selvaraj Arokiyaraj Ajay Guru Jesu Arockiaraj Guilherme Malafaia Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Humanities SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 Chengalpattu District Tamil Nadu India. Department of Zoology College of Science King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia. Department of Food Science & Biotechnology Sejong University Seoul 05006 Republic of Korea. Department of Cariology Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals SIMATS Chennai 600 077 Tamil Nadu India. Electronic address: ajayguru.sdc@***. Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Humanities SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 Chengalpattu District Tamil Nadu India. Electronic address: jesuaroa@srmist.edu.in. Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of Goiás Goiânia GO Brazil. Electronic address: guilhermeifgoiano@***.

Microplastics (MP), tiny plastic particles, can be ingested by fish through their habitat or contaminated food sources. When combined with a high-fat diet (HFD), MP exposure may lead to increased MP accumulation in fish and negative impacts on their health. However, the underlying mechanisms of how MP and HFD interact to promote fat accumulation in fish remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the combined effect of HFD and polyethylene MP (PE-MP) in the zebrafish model (Danio rerio) and decipher its molecular mechanisms. Adult zebrafish exposed to the combined HFD and PE-MP showed elevated lipid accumulation, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and abnormal swimming behavior compared to HFD-fed fish. Histological and gene expression analysis revealed severe hepatic inflammation and injury, resembling nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the HFD + PE-MP exposed zebrafish. Moreover, HFD and PE-MP exposure upregulated genes related to lipogenesis (SREBP1, FAS, and C/EBPα) and inflammation (tnfα, il1β, and il-6) in the liver. These findings underscore the interactive effect of environmental pollutants and fish diet, emphasizing the importance of improving fish culture practices to safeguard fish health and human consumers from microplastic contamination through the food chain. This research sheds light on the complex interactions between microplastics and diet, providing valuable insights into the potential risks of microplastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems and the implications for human health. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms will contribute to international research efforts to mitigate the adverse effects of microplastics on both environmental and public health.

关键词： High-fat diet Lipid accumulation Microplastic Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Polyethylene

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Traditionally used medicinal plants mediate the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles: methodological, larvicidal, and ecotoxicological approach

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The science of the total environment 2023年 873卷 162402页

作者： Chinnaperumal Kamaraj Sugumar Vimal Chinnasamy Ragavendran Arumugam Priyadharsan K Marimuthu Guilherme Malafaia Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM) Directorate of Research SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST) Kattankulathur 603203 Tamil Nadu India. Electronic address: kamarajc@srmist.edu.in. Department of Biochemistry Saveetha Medical College & Hospital Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Thandalam Chennai 602105 Tamil Nadu India. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Chennai 600 077 India. Department of Environmental Science Tezpur Univrsity Napaam Tezpur Assam 784028 India. Electronic address: kmmuthu@tezu.ernet.in. Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of Goiás Goiânia GO Brazil. Electronic address: guilhermeifgoiano@***.

It has been shown that vegetal species constitute an alternative natural source for the biosynthesis of new nanomaterials. Thus, aiming to expand knowledge about the potential use of plants in the fabrication of metallic nanomaterials, we aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from phyto-formulation (PF) of ten commonly used medicinal plants. Our results demonstrate the formation of spherical, stable, polycrystalline AgNPs with a diameter of 8.42 nm to 18.40 nm, whose biosynthesis confirmation was performed via UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential studies. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the biosynthesized AgNPs showed larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi larvae, with the histopathology findings from the fourth instar larval stage validating such larvicidal toxicity. The histological examinations showed severe degradation of the larvae's hindgut, epithelial cells, midgut, and cortical area. However, the PF extract and the biosynthesized AgNPs showed high ecotoxicity in Danio rerio larvae exposed to different concentrations. The treatments induced changes in hatchability percentage, animal growth, and heartbeat. Therefore, despite supporting the potential of PF (from ten plant species) as a raw material source for AgNPs biosynthesis, our study also sheds light on its ecotoxicological potential, suggesting that more comprehensive assessments of the ecotoxicity of biosynthesized would be performed before its application in different sectors.

关键词： Biofabrication Ecotoxicity Nanomaterials Phyto-formulation Plant extract

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Cellulose microcrystalline: A promising ecofriendly approach to control Culex quinquefasciatus larvae

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The science of the total environment 2023年 901卷 165952页

作者： Sindoval Silva de Souza Alex Rodrigues Gomes Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues Letícia Paiva de Matos Juliana Dos Santos Mendonça Thiarlen Marinho da Luz Stênio Gonçalves da Silva Matos M Safiur Rahman Chinnasamy Ragavendran Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan Ajay Guru Md Refat Jahan Rakib Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak Md Mostafizur Rahman Thiago Lopes Rocha Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam Guilherme Malafaia Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of Goiás Goiânia GO Brazil Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus. Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento 25 km Zona Rural Urutaí GO Brazil. Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus. Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento 25 km Zona Rural Urutaí GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil. Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil. Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali 3814 Bangladesh. Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals (SIMATS) Saveetha University Chennai Tamil Nadu India. Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Alwarkurichi Tirunelveli Tamil Nadu 627 412 India. Department of Cariology Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals SIMATS Chennai 600 077 Tamil Nadu India. Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh. Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410 Brunei Darussalam Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai India. Jahangirnagar University Dhaka-1342 Bangladesh. Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health Federal University of Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil. Department of Disaster Management Begum Rokeya University Rangpur 5400 Bangladesh. Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural

The growing use of synthetic chemical compounds/substances in vector control of mosquitoes, associated with their adverse effects on the environment and non-target organisms, has demanded the development of eco-friendly alternatives. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal action of different cellulose microcrystalline (CMs) concentrations and investigate their toxicity mechanisms in Culex quinquefasciatus fourth instar larvae as a model species. Probit analysis revealed that the median lethal concentrations (LC) for 24 h and 36 h exposure were 100 and 58.29 mg/L, respectively. We also showed that such concentrations induced a redox imbalance in the larvae, marked by an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as well as a reduction in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, different alterations in the external morphology of the larvae were associated with the ingestion of CMs. On the other hand, exposure of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to LC24h and LC36h for seven days did not induce any behavioral changes or alterations mutagenic, genotoxic, biochemical, or in the production of cytokines IFN-γ and IL-10. Thus, taken together, our study demonstrates for the first time that the use of CMs can constitute a promising strategy in the control of C. quinquefasciatus larvae, combining insecticidal efficiency with an "eco-friendly" approach in the fight against an important mosquito vector of several human diseases.

关键词： Eco-friendly particles Ecotoxicity Larvicide assay Mosquitoes Vector control Zebrafish

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Application of construction and demolition waste (gypsum and mortar) for the removal of metal ions, Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Ni 2+

Cleaner Chemical Engineering

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Cleaner Chemical Engineering 2025年 11卷

作者： Jefferson Luiz Alves Marinho Francisco Assis Bezerra da Cunha Raimundo Nonato Pereira Teixeira Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho Jorge Marcell Coelho Menezes Francisco José de Paula Filho Lucia Raquel de Lima Cícera Datiane de Morais Oliveira Tintino Hyan Thompson Oliveira Lopes Paulo Ives Pereira de Alcântara Post-Graduate Program in Biological Chemistry - PPQB at the Regional University of Cariri - URCA Crato Ceará Brazil Science and Technology Center at the Federal University of Cariri - UFCA Juazeiro do Norte Ceará Brazil Pharmacotoxicological Prospection of Bioactive Products Laboratory - UFPE Recife Pernambuco Brazil Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory - URCA Crato Ceará Brazil

The intensification of human activities, consumption, production, and exploitation of raw materials, coupled with rapid population growth and industrial activity development, has led to significant environmental impacts. As civilization progresses, the level of environmental pollution with toxic metals has also intensified. The ability to quickly detect heavy metal pollution in wastewater and find its source is critical for environmental monitoring and protection. In the search for cheaper and more economical materials to be used as precipitants, civil construction waste has been used for this application. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the utilization of construction and demolition waste (gypsum and cementitious mortar) in the retention of Copper, Lead, and Nickel metal ions. The assessment of the removal capacity of these metal ions using gypsum powder and cementitious mortar was conducted through chemical precipitation using batch experiments. The results obtained for Pb 2+ ions showed that increasing the mass of gypsum from 10 to 100 g resulted in precipitation rates ranging from 97.29 to 98.31 %. Gypsum also proved to be a viable alternative for Cu 2+ precipitation with rates of 92.99 to 96.65 %, while the most significant retention rate for Ni 2+ was observed for the mass of 100 g, reaching 94.63 %. In experiments using different types of cementitious mortar (ACI, ACII, ACIII, and common) as precipitants in a solution contaminated with copper at a constant concentration of 600 mg/L, it was found that the precipitation rates were practically the same, with ACIII mortar showing the highest percentage of precipitation. Therefore, the results obtained demonstrated that construction and demolition waste by-products rich in gypsum and cementitious mortar are efficient in removing toxic metals, representing promising alternatives for wastewater decontamination.

关键词： Toxic metals Chemical precipitation Construction and demolition waste Metal removal Geomaterials

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Synthesize palladium nanoparticles from the macroalgae Sargassum fusiforme: An eco-friendly tool in the fight against Plasmodium falciparum?

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The science of the total environment 2023年第PT 3期857卷 159517页

作者： Chinnaperumal Kamaraj Chinnasamy Ragavendran R C Satish Kumar Sarvesh Sabarathinam Cittrarasu Vetrivel Mariyappan Vaithiyalingam Guilherme Malafaia Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM) Drug Testing Laboratory Directorate of Research SRM Institute Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603 203 Tamil Nadu India. Electronic address: kamarajc@srmist.edu.in. Department of Cariology Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals Chennai Tamil Nadu India. Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM) Drug Testing Laboratory Directorate of Research SRM Institute Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603 203 Tamil Nadu India. Carbon Capture Lab Department of Chemical Engineering SSN College of Engineering Kalavakkam Chennai 603110 Tamil Nadu India Department of Anatomy Saveetha Dental college and Hospital. Saveetha institute of medical and Technical science ChennaiTamil N- 600 007 India. Department of Chemistry SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chengalpattu 603203 Tamilnadu India. Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of Goiás Goiânia GO Brazil. Electronic address: guilhermeifgoiano@***.

Although numerous drugs are practiced to control malaria and its vectors, more recently, eco-friendly control tools have been proposed to battle its etiologic agents. Thus, using green bionanotechnology approaches, we aimed to synthesize palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) from the macroalgae Sargassum fusiforme (Sf), its potential antiparasitic activity against P. falciparum, as well as its possible cytotoxicity, in HeLa cells. After the biosynthesis of the PdSf NPs, their characterization was carried out by UV-Vis, FESEM, and EDX analyses, and their hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, and surface area were determined. Furthermore, the functional groups of the PdSf NPs were analyzed by FT-IR and GC-MS. While PdSf NPs had an IC of 7.68 μg/mL (Chloroquine (CQ)-s) and 16.42 μg/mL, S. fusiforme extract had an IC of 14.38 μg/mL (CQ-s) and 35.27 μg/mL (CQ-r). With an IC value of 94.49 μg/mL, PdSf NPs exhibited the least toxic effect on the HeLa cells. The Lipinski rule of five and ADMET prediction were used to assess the in silico models of caffeine acid hexoside and quercetin 7-O-hexoside for the presence of drug-like properties. Pathogenic proteins, primarily responsible for motility, binding, and disease-causing, were the target of the structurally based docking studies between plant-derived compounds and pathogenic proteins. Thus, our study pioneered promising results that support the potential antiplasmodial activity of eco-friendly synthesized PdSf NPs using S. fusiforme extract against P. falciparum, opening perspectives for further exploration into the use of these NPs in malaria therapy.

关键词： Bionanotechnology Brown algae Molecular docking PdSf NPs Plasmodium falciparum Sargassum fusiforme

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Retraction notice to "Managing the invisible threat of microplastics in marine ecosystems: Lessons from coast of the Bay of Bengal" [Sci. Total Environ. 889 (2023) 164224]

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The science of the total environment 2024年 957卷 177730页

作者： Al-Nure Mubin Shahoriar Arefin Md Sonir Mia Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam A B M Mainul Bari Md Saiful Islam Mir Mohammad Ali Md Abu Bakar Siddique M Safiur Rahman Venkatramanan Senapathi Abubakr M Idris Guilherme Malafaia Department of Disaster Management Begum Rokeya University Rangpur 5400 Bangladesh. Department of Disaster Management Begum Rokeya University Rangpur 5400 Bangladesh Department of Development Studies Daffodil International University Dhaka 1216 Bangladesh. Department of Industrial and Production Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh. Department of Soil Science Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki Patuakhali 8602 Bangladesh. Department of Aquaculture Sher - e - Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka 1207 Bangladesh. Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS) Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Dhanmondi Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh. Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Chemistry Division Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka (AECD) Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh. Department of Disaster Management Alagappa University Karaikudi Tamilnadu India. Department of Chemistry College of Science King Khalid University Abha 62529 Saudi Arabia Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia. Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of Goiás Goiânia GO Brazil.

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Mapping of rain water harvesting potential at Keduang Sub-watershed, Central Java, Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and environmental science 2021年第1期824卷

作者： H R Dwiatmojo Komariah A H Ramelan E Priyanto Master Program of Environmental Science Post Graduate School Sebelas Maret University Soil Science Dept. Faculty of Agriculture Sebelas Maret University Environmental Science Post Graduate School Sebelas Maret University Watershed Management Technology Centre Ministry of Environmental and Forestry

One of the main issues in agriculture in this climate change era is the water crisis. It caused a drought that affected the delay of rice cultivation. A study found that Wonogiri Regency has very critical with a value of 163.1%. Hence, it is necessary to have an alternative solution to overcome it. In this case, utilizing rain by harvesting rainwater (RWH) can be used as an alternative to meet water needs during the dry season and for various other uses. One of the RWH applications is a small-farm reservoir (SFR). To identify the potential locations for RWH is using location suitability modelling based on GIS. The determination of the location depends on biophysical criteria such as rainfall, slope, soil texture, stream order, and land use. The socio-economic attributes consist of the distance to the river, road, settlement, and agriculture. To obtain the suitability location, after all of the maps are generated, next is reclassify the value to 0 and 1. In the end, the maps calculate with a raster calculator to define the suitability location that has value 1. Location and dimension details can find out. This study aims to determine the potential of RWH for agriculture (in specific, SFR) at Keduang Sub-watershed as a consideration for stakeholders' decision. The results showed 226 areas are potential for SFR implementation and will make it easier for stakeholders to decide by comparing the suitability location map and the long-term strategic map.

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Aperture-Coupled Koch Fractal on-Chip Antennas for 60 GHz ISM Band 2

Aperture-Coupled Koch Fractal on-Chip Antennas for 60 GHz IS...

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2nd IEEE MTT-S Latin America Microwave Conference, LAMC 2018

作者： Morais, Samuel Medeiros Araújo Serres, Alexandre Jean Rene Guarany, Ivana Soares Da Silverio Freire, Raimundo Carlos Da Silva, Paulo Fernandes Santana, Ewaldo Elder Carvalho Da Fonseca Silva, Paulo Henrique Post-Graduation Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Computer Engineering and Systems State University of Maranhão São Luis Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Electrical Engineering Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781538673331

This paper presents Koch fractal aperture-coupled patch antennas operating in industrial scientific and medical band at 60 GHz (57 GHz to 64 GHz), for on-chip application. This work is the continuation of the development of aperture-coupled antennas with aperture and patch element built in 2 μm-thick aluminum lying on two layers of silicon with a height of 200 μm. The use of Koch fractal allowed the development of aperture-coupled antennas of greater perimeter with more metal in the patch elements, which promoted an increase in the gain. The observed gain for Koch fractal level 2 was of 10.55 dBi, with a bandwidth of 7.23 GHz, covering the ISM 60 GHz Band, and an increase of less than 10% in total patch dimension. For Koch fractal levels 0 (square), a polarization close to circular was achieved, with an axial ratio less than 6 at resonant frequencies. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Natural frequencies

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