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Petroleum hydrocarbon bioventing kinetics determined in soil core, microcosm and tubing cluster studies

GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1996年第1期16卷 141-153页

作者： Moyer, EE Ostendorf, DW Richards, RJ Goodwin, S Ellen E. Moyer (ENSR Consulting and Engineering 35 Nagog Park Acton MA 01720) is a senior environmental engineer at ENSR Consulting and Engineering in Acton Massachusetts. Her research interests include bioremediation air sparging soil venting and analytical modeling of subsurface contamination. Dr. Moyer is a registered professional engineer with an M.S. in environmental engineering and a Ph.D. in civil engineering from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and is a member of the National Ground Water Association (NGWA) and the American Society of Civil Engineers. David W. Ostendorf (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is an associate professor in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include unconfined aquifer contamination hazardous waste site remediation and analytical modeling of problems in environmental fluid mechanics. Dr. Ostendorf is a registered professional engineer and a member of the American Geophysical Union American Society of Civil Engineers Soil Science Society of America Water Pollution Control Federation Association of Environmental Engineering Professors and NGWA. Robin J. Richards (Department of Microbiology University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a doctoral student in microbiology at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Her research interests include synthesis and biodegradation of microbially produced polymers as well as bioremediation of petroleum contamination in soil and ground water. She has a B.S. in civil engineering from City College of New York and an M.S. in environmental engineering from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Steve Goodwin (Microbiology Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is an associate professor in the Department of Microbiology of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include microbial ecology anaerobic digestion and

Aerobic biodegradation of vapor-phase petroleum hydrocarbons was evaluated in an intact soil core from the site of an aviation gasoline release. An unsaturated zone soil core was subjected to a flow of nitrogen gas, oxygen, water vapor and vapor-phase hydrocarbons in a configuration analogous to a biofilter or an in situ bioventing or sparging situation. The vertical profiles of vapor-phase hydrocarbon concentration in the soil core were determined by gas chromatography of vapor samples. Biodegradation reduced low influent hydrocarbon concentrations by 45 to 92 percent over a 0.6-m interval of an intact soil core. The estimated total hydrocarbon concentration was reduced by 75 percent from 26 to 7 parts per million. Steady-state concentrations were input to a simple analytical model balancing advection and first-order biodegradation of hydrocarbons. First-order rate constants for the major hydrocarbon compounds were used to calibrate the model to the concentration profiles. Rate constants for the seven individual hydrocarbon compounds varied by a factor of 4. Compounds with lower molecular weights, fewer methyl groups, and no quaternary carbons tended to have higher rate constants. the fist-order rate constants were consistent with kinetic parameters determined from both microcosm and tubing cluster studies at the field site.

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The effect of granular palm shell activated carbon to reduce CO, HC, and noise on motorcycle Emissions

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3074卷

作者： Maria Roosa Srah Darmanijati Pranoto Ari Handono Ramelan Inayati Doctoral Program of Environmental Science Department Post Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia Chemistry Department Mathematic and Natural Science FacultySebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Chemistry Engineering Sebelas Maret University Surakarta Indonesia

The use of motorcycles increased rapidly. Data from Yogyakarta Central Bureau Statistics showed from 2015 to 2019 the number of motorized vehicles increased by 8% every year. Motor vehicle air pollution comes from exhaust gases resulting from combustion. Becak Motorcycles are widely used in Yogyakarta and are usually used motorcycles with a long life. Hydrocarbons (HC) or unburned fuel and carbon monoxide (CO), were air-fuel control. This research was studied to determine the ability of palm shell activated charcoal to reduce CO, HC and noise. The 14 meshes sample diameter placed inside the tube from 24 meshes of stainless steels were prepared. The weight of activated charcoal of 10 grams, 20 grams and 30 grams were tried to reduce the In the exhaust of a 1984 Suzuki motorcycle with plate number AB 4194 CK, an exhaust extension was installed, then palm activated carbon was placed inside and the emission gases were measured. Stages 898 was used to test the emission. The smallest size could adsorb the largest emissions and noise. The weight of activated charcoal of 10 grams, 20 grams and 30 grams 14 meshes could reduce CO, HC and noise emission were 0.294 % to 0.616 %, 454 ppm to 798 ppm, -o.63 dB to 1.6 dB, respectively. The weight of activated charcoal of 10 grams, 20 grams and 30 grams 14 meshes saturated time were 270 seconds, 173 seconds and 299 seconds, respectively.

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Identification of Affine Linear Parameter Varying Models for Adaptive Interventions in Fibromyalgia Treatment.

Identification of Affine Linear Parameter Varying Models for...

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American control Conference

作者： P. Lopes Dos Santos Sunil Deshpande Daniel E. Rivera T-P Azevedo-Perdicoúlis J. A. Ramos Jarred Younger Universidade do Porto Faculdade de Engenharia Porto Portugal Sunil Deshpande is a doctoral student in the electrical engineering program at Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA Control Systems Engineering Laboratory (CSEL) School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA ISR--Coimbra & Departamento de Matematica UTAD Vila Real Portugal Farquhar College of Arts and Sciences Division of Mathematics Science and Technology Nova Southeastern University Florida USA Adult and Pediatric Pain Laboratory Department of Anesthesia School of Medicine Stanford University Palo Alto CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479901777

There is good evidence that naltrexone, an opioid antagonist, has a strong neuroprotective role and may be a potential drug for the treatment of fibromyalgia. In previous work, some of the authors used experimental clinical data to identify input-output linear time invariant models that were used to extract useful information about the effect of this drug on fibromyalgia symptoms. Additional factors such as anxiety, stress, mood, and headache, were considered as additive disturbances. However, it seems reasonable to think that these factors do not affect the drug actuation, but only the way in which a participant perceives how the drug actuates on herself. Under this hypothesis the linear time invariant models can be replaced by State-Space Affine Linear Parameter Varying models where the disturbances are seen as a scheduling signal signal only acting at the parameters of the output equation. In this paper a new algorithm for identifying such a model is proposed. This algorithm minimizes a quadratic criterion of the output error. Since the output error is a linear function of some parameters, the Affine Linear Parameter Varying system identification is formulated as a separable nonlinear least squares problem. Likewise other identification algorithms using gradient optimization methods several parameter derivatives are dynamical systems that must be simulated. In order to increase time efficiency a canonical parametrization that minimizes the number of systems to be simulated is chosen. The effectiveness of the algorithm is assessed in a case study where an Affine Parameter Varying Model is identified from the experimental data used in the previous study and compared with the time-invariant model.

关键词： outlet error time-invariant Affine In-law Pharmaceutical Preparations Narcotic Antagonists algorithms time efficiency

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Understanding the Energy-Water-Land Flow Nexus in Transnational Trade of the Belt and Road Countries

SSRN

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SSRN 2020年

作者： Nawab, Asim Liu, Gengyuan Meng, Fanxin Zhang, Lixiao Hao, Yan Giannetti, Biagio F. Agostinho, Feni Almeida, Cecília M.V.B. Xue, Jingyan Casazza, Marco State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Watershed Environmental Restoration & Integrated Ecological Regulation Beijing100875 China School of Forestry & Environmental Studies Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Post-graduation Program in Production Engineering Paulista University Brazil University of Naples ‘Parthenope’ Department of Science and Technology Centro Direzionale Isola C4 Naples80143 Italy

Economic globalization and population growth have greatly challenged energy, water and land resources to meet demand at national and supra-national level. A growing share of this demand is met through trade. The Belt and Road, a major global initiative of China, with trade as one of its core fields is of particular importance due to greater potential of economic growth, substantial population size and varying degree of resource availability. The initiative reflects a new phase of globalization yet resources management with nexus thinking has received little attention. The increasing economic interdependence of national economies have contributed to rise in production and trade of goods and services, these activities require the input of energy-water-land and generate disturbances in the environment. The multi-regional input-output approach is utilized, to assess resources use by production as well as consumption (for the year 2010). A nexus strength indicator was developed to show the simultaneous use of multiple resources in economic system, conceived as resource nexus. The ternary diagrams were used for screening resources combinations along with *** revealed that China has strong nexus strength that indicates large usage of the three resources together. Besides China, the East European countries were also positioned mostly at the center of ternary plot suggesting somewhat equal contributions of energy, water and land to the resource nexus. On the contrary, countries that appeared at the margins of the plot indicated one or two stronger nexus components in the three resources system. For instance, Russia largely used land, South Korea was entirely driven by energy while India mostly used water in the ternary mix. Due to differences in industrial structure, trade policy priorities and technology use, the resource nexus matters are not the same among countries. The nexus strength indicator established that strong nexus caused by intensive use of e

关键词： Roads and streets

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Road infrastructure asset management strategy and its impact on the environment

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IOP Conference Series: Materials science and engineering 2020年第2期830卷

作者： K Priyatiningsih M Sutrisno Lecturer of Asset Management Study Program Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung 40012 Indonesia Student of Management Science Doctoral Program School of Post Graduate Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung Indonesia Lecturer of Civil Engineering Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung 40012 Indoenesia

The development of the economic sector is determined by services to the public through reforms that aim to place public satisfaction through the management of road infrastructure assets. Some research on road infrastructure assets still requires a deepening of studies related to the delivery of public services related to asset management systems. The purpose of this study is to find an appropriate road infrastructure asset management strategy through an integrated asset management system and asset management policies that can provide public satisfaction. This comprehensive approach to management strategies ensures that the performance of service provider assets is in line with the expectations of stakeholders including road users. This descriptive qualitative research is based on the perspective of road users as respondents, consisting of vehicle drivers from 50 transportation companies (people or goods) through interviews and observations. The results show aspects of asset performance based on the user's perspective there are five aspects, namely productivity, efficiency, effectiveness, use of resources and institutions and this performance is integrated in the asset management system related to policies from the management authority through service delivery namely quality and mobility, risk and use and maintenance of resources. The conclusion of this research is that road infrastructure asset services can be improved through the concept of road infrastructure asset management strategies in an integrated management system with five aspects of performance and more directed towards asset management policies related to the provision of road infrastructure asset services.

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Thermal instability and kinetics analysis on triacetone triperoxide (TATP)

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2018年第3期189卷

作者： Wei Gu Jia-Jia Jiang Jun-Cheng Jiang Laiwang Bin Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control College of Safety Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 210009 China Doctoral Program Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology (YunTech) 123 University Rd. Sec. 3 Douliou Yunlin 64002 Taiwan ROC

Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetry(TG) and vent sizing package 2 (VSP2) were performed to understand thermal behavior and decomposition kinetics of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) under non-isothermal and adiabatic conditions, respectively. Then the maximum self-heating rate [(dT/dt)max], maximum pressure rise rate[(dP/dt)max] were acquired. DSC studies revealed a coupling phenomenon of decomposition reaction and phase transition. Based on the DSC data, the thermal decomposition kinetic parameters were worked out and compared through the Friedman and ASTM E698 methods. The results indicated that Heat of decomposition (ΔHd) was extraordinary large even up to 2700 Jg−1 for which recrystallized with methanol merely. The activation energy of which used methanol to recrystallize was 155.5kJ/mol by (ASTM) E-698 methods. By Friedman method Linear regression was able to reach a high enough level when the reaction progress (α) was between 0.1–0.9. The results can be used to calculate the optimal parameters for processing a safer design and establish the database of TATP for loss prevention protocol.

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Characterization and performances of hydrophobic polymer membrane modified with dragon’s blood resin

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2613卷

作者： Aulia Chintia Ambarita Sri Mulyati Nasrul Arahman Muhammad Roil Bilad 1Doctoral School of Engineering Science School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 3Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link-Gadong BE1401 Brunei

Hydrophobic membranes have limitations, which are the low permeation rate and susceptible to fouling, therefore membrane modifications are generally required. In this paper, hydrophobic polymer membrane modification has been studied by mixing dragon's blood resin (DBR) as bio additive. Two types of polymers were used, they were polyethersulfon (M-3 PES) and polyvinylidene Two types of polymers were used, they were polyethersulfon (M-3 PES) and polyvinylidene fluoride (M-3 PVDF) with a concentration of 14.5% polymer and 3% DBR. The results showed that M-3 PES had greater porosity, water uptake, pore size, and clean water flux than M3-PVDF. However, the antifouling performance of M-3 PVDF membrane tends to be better than M-3 PES, as well as its rejection. Both membranes tend to be stable even after repeated use.

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Self-Compassion Around the World: Measurement Invariance of the Short Form of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF) Across 65 Nations, 40 Languages, Gender Identities, and Age Groups

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Mindfulness 2025年 1-28页

作者： Swami, Viren Tran, Ulrich S. Voracek, Martin Aavik, Toivo Ranjbar, Hamed Abdollahpour Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Afhami, Reza Ahmed, Oli Aimé, Annie Akel, Marwan Al Halbusi, Hussam Alexias, George Ali, Khawla F. Alp-Dal, Nursel Alsalhani, Anas B. Álvarez-Solas, Sara Amaral, Ana Carolina Soares Andrianto, Sonny Aspden, Trefor Argyrides, Marios Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R. Atkin, Stephen Ayandele, Olusola Baceviciene, Migle Bahbouh, Radvan Ballesio, Andrea Barron, David Bellard, Ashleigh Bender, Sóley Sesselja Beydaǧ, Kerime Derya Birovljević, Gorana Blackburn, Marie-Ève Borja-Alvarez, Teresita Borowiec, Joanna Bozogáňová, Miroslava Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid Browning, Matthew H. E. M. Brytek-Matera, Anna Burakova, Marina Çakır-Koçak, Yeliz Camacho, Pablo Camilleri, Vittorio Emanuele Cazzato, Valentina Cerea, Silvia Chaiwutikornwanich, Apitchaya Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin Chambers, Tim Chen, Qing-Wei Chen, Xin Chien, Chin-Lung Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit Choompunuch, Bovornpot Compte, Emilio J. Corrigan, Jennifer Cosmas, Getrude Cowden, Richard G. Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila Czub, Marcin da Silva, Wanderson Roberto Dadfar, Mahboubeh Dalley, Simon E. Dany, Lionel Datu, Jesus Alfonso D. de Carvalho, Pedro Henrique Berbert de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins De Jesus, Avila Odia S. Debbabi, Sonia Harzallah Dhakal, Sandesh Di Bernardo, Francesca Dimitrova, Donka D. Dion, Jacinthe Dixson, Barnaby Donofrio, Stacey M. Drysch, Marius Du, Hongfei Dzhambov, Angel M. El-Jor, Claire Enea, Violeta Eskin, Mehmet Farbod, Farinaz Farrugia, Lorleen Fian, Leonie Fisher, Maryanne L. Folwarczny, Michał Frederick, David A. Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew Furnham, Adrian García, Antonio Alías Geller, Shulamit Ghisi, Marta Ghorbani, Alireza Martinez, Maria Angeles Gomez Gradidge, Sarah Graf, Sylvie Grano, Caterina Gyene, Gyöngyvér Hallit, Souheil Hamdan, Motasem Handelzalts, Jonathan E. Hanel, Paul H. P. Hawks, Steven R. Hekmati, Issa Helmy, Mai Hill, Tetiana Hina, Farah Holenweger, Geraldine Hřebíčková, Martina Ijabadeniyi, Olasupo Augustine Imam, Asma İ School of Psychology and Sport Science Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge United Kingdom Centre for Psychological Medicine Perdana University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Cognition Emotion and Methods in Psychology Faculty of Psychology University of Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Psychology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Department of Psychology Istinye University Istanbul Turkey Department of Psychology and Behavioural Studies Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Art Studies Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Department of Psychology University of Chittagong Chattogram Bangladesh Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology Université du Québec en Outaouais Saint-Jérôme Canada INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology Beirut Lebanon School of Pharmacy Lebanese International University Beirut Lebanon Department of Management Ahmed Bin Mohammad Military College Doha Qatar Faculty of Psychology Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences Athens Greece Royal College of Surgeons Ireland-Bahrain Adliya Bahrain Department of Midwifery Faculty of Health Sciences Munzur University Tunceli Turkey Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences Vision College of Dentistry and Nursing Vision Colleges Riyadh Saudi Arabia Facultad de Salud Universidad Internacional de La Rioja Logroño Spain Science and Technology of Southeast Minas Gerais Federal Institute of Education Barbacena Brazil Department of Psychology Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Psychology Aberystwyth University Ceredigion United Kingdom Department of Psychology Neapolis University Pafos Paphos Cyprus Department of Psychology De La Salle University Manila Philippines Department of General Studies The Polytechnic Ibadan Nigeria Department of Psychology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Health Research and Innovation Science Centre Faculty of Health Sciences Klai

Objectives: The 12-item Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form (SCS–SF) is a widely used instrument for the assessment of self-compassion. To date, there have been few examinations of this instrument’s psychometric properties, particularly across nations and languages. Therefore, we used data from the Body Image in Nature Survey (BINS) to assess measurement invariance of the SCS–SF across nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups. Methods: Participants (N = 56,968) from 65 nations completed the SCS–SF in 40 languages. Using these data, we tested various hypothesised models of the SCS–SF in the total sample and, using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, tested for invariance of the optimal model across national groups, languages, gender identities, and age groups. Results: In the total dataset, we found that an 11-item, 2-factor model (i.e., SCS-11) provided best fit to the data, with the two factors tapping distinct constructs of compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding. The SCS-11 was found to be partially scalar invariant across national groups and languages, and fully scalar invariant across gender identities and age groups. There was wide variation in latent means for the two factors, particularly across national groups and languages. Further analyses showed negligible associations between the two factors and sociodemographic variables, including marital status, financial security, and urbanicity. Conclusions: Our results suggest that it may be possible to derive a stable 2-factor model of the SCS–SF for use in cross-cultural research, but also highlight the likelihood of cross-national and cross-linguistic variations in the way that self-compassion is understood. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Cross-cultural Measurement invariance Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) Self-Compassion Scale Short Form

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Weight Management and Physical Activity Throughout the Cancer Care Continuum (vol 68, pg 64, 2018)

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CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS 2018年第3期68卷 232-232页

作者： Demark-Wahnefried, W. Schmitz, K. H. Alfano, C. M. Bail, J. R. Goodwin, P. J. Thomson, C. A. Bradley, D. W. Courneya, K. S. Befort, C. A. Denlinger, C. S. Ligibel, J. A. Dietz, W. H. Stolley, M. R. Irwin, M. L. Bamman, M. M. Apovian, C. M. Pinto, B. M. Wolin, K. Y. Ballard, R. M. Dannenberg, A. J. Eakin, E. G. Longjohn, M. M. Raffa, S. D. Adams-Campbell, L. L. Buzaglo, J. S. Nass, S. J. Massetti, G. M. Balogh, E. P. Kraft, E. S. Parekh, A. K. Sanghavi, D. M. Morris, G. S. Basen-Engquist, K. Professor of Nutrition Sciences University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL. Professor of Public Health Sciences Penn State College of Medicine Hershey PA. Vice President Survivorship American Cancer Society Inc. Washington DC. Post-Doctoral Fellow Department of Nutrition Sciences University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL. Professor of Medicine Mount Sinai Hospital Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at the University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada. Professor of Health Promotion Sciences Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health University of Arizona Tucson AZ. Associate Consulting Professor Community and Family Medicine Duke School of Medicine Durham NC. Professor of Physical Education and Recreation University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada. Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS. Associate Professor of Hematology/Oncology Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia PA. Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston MA. Chair Redstone Global Center for Prevention and Wellness George Washington University Washington DC. Professor of Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI. Professor of Epidemiology Yale School of Public Health New Haven CT. Professor of Cell Developmental and Integrative Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL. Professor of Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA. Professor of Nursing University of South Carolina Columbia SC. CEO Coeus Health Chicago IL. Director Prevention Research Coordination Office of Disease Prevention Office of the Director National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD. Professor of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY. Professor and Director Cancer Prevention Research Centre School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia. Vice President and National Health Officer YMCA of the USA Chicago IL. Nation

Mounting evidence suggests that weight management and physical activity (PA) improve overall health and well being, and reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors. Although many opportunities exist to include weight management and PA in routine cancer care, several barriers remain. This review summarizes key topics addressed in a recent National Academies of science, engineering, and Medicine workshop entitled, "Incorporating Weight Management and Physical Activity Throughout the Cancer Care Continuum." Discussions related to body weight and PA among cancer survivors included: 1) current knowledge and gaps related to health outcomes; 2) effective intervention approaches; 3) addressing the needs of diverse populations of cancer survivors; 4) opportunities and challenges of workforce, care coordination, and technologies for program implementation; 5) models of care; and 6) program coverage. While more discoveries are still needed for the provision of optimal weight-management and PA programs for cancer survivors, obesity and inactivity currently jeopardize their overall health and quality of life. Actionable future directions are presented for research; practice and policy changes required to assure the availability of effective, affordable, and feasible weight management; and PA services for all cancer survivors as a part of their routine cancer care. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:64-89. © 2017 American Cancer Society.

关键词： nutrition physical activity supportive care survivorship weight management

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Modelling and reducing fuel flow pulsation of a fuel-metering system during pump mode switching in a turbofan engine

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2019年第5期240卷

作者： S Masuda F Shimizu M Fuchiwaki K Tanaka Control Systems Engineering Department Research & Engineering Division Aero Engines Space & Defense Business Area IHI Corporation 229 Tonogaya Mizuho-machi Nishitama-gun Tokyo 190-1297 Japan Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Doctoral Program Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 kawazu Iizuka-shi Fukuoka 820-8502 Japan Department of Mechanical Information Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology 680-4 kawazu Iizuka-shi Fukuoka 820-8502 Japan

In this research, the transient characteristics of a new type fuel metering system for aircraft turbofan engines using two types of pumps, a gear pump and a centrifugal pump, were studied by modelling and simulation. This new fuel metering system is capable of hydraulically unloading the operating state of each pump by the pump mode switching mechanism within the permissible range of the pump rotation speed and the fuel flow rate and it is possible to reduce the fuel temperature rise due to the pressure loss in the circuit in the operation region of the entire fuel system. In addition to this, by using a small centrifugal pump that can realize high discharge flow rate, it is possible to reduce weight compared to the conventional fuel system. However, when the pump mode is switched, unexpected fluctuation in the fuel flow rate can occur when a large change in the inlet pressure of the system occurs, the pressure control unit cannot follow the change, and the transient phenomenon cannot be suppressed. At this time, the pressure waveform generated at the time of changing the pump mode includes a high frequency component such that the pressure control unit, which plays a role of keeping the metering valve differential pressure constant, cannot follow up. Therefore, in this paper, we focused on the frequency of the pressure change waveform when the pump mode was changed and studied the model of the fuel system inlet pressure in the gear pump mode. Based on that model, we propose a method to reduce the frequency characteristics of the pressure change occurring at the time of pump mode change.

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