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Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference 2017, WEFTEC 2017

作者： Hong, Soklida Ratpukdi, Thunyalux Sivaguru, Jayaraman Khan, Eakalak Environmental and Conservation Sciences Program North Dakota State University FargoND58108 United States International Postgraduate Programs in Environmental Management Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Environmental Engineering Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen40002 Thailand Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry North Dakota State University FargoND58108 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University FargoND58108 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510863682

Glutaraldehyde (GA) is the most common biocide used in unconventional oil and gas production. Photocatalysis of GA in brine simulating oil and gas produced water using Ag/AgCl/BiOCl was investigated. Ag/AgCl/BiOCl photocatalyst was synthesized using flower-like BiOCl. Light bulbs emitting visible light at 419 nm were used for the photocatalysis. Removal of GA at 0.1 mM in 200 g/L NaCl solution at pH 7 was 90% after 75 min irradiation using 5 g/L of the photocatalyst. However, at pH 5 or at 300 g/L NaCl, the photocatalytic removal of GA was almost completely inhibited. The GA removal followed pseudo-first order reaction with a rate constant of 0.0303 min-1. The removal rate of GA markedly increased with the increasing pH (5-9), photocatalyst loading (2-8 g/L) and under 350 nm UV (compared to visible light). On the contrary, the removal rate of GA markedly decreased with increasing NaCl and initial GA concentrations (0-300 g/L for NaCl and 0.1-0.4 mM for GA). The removal of GA under natural sunlight was slightly better than that under 419 nm. A quenching experiment was also conducted;holes and superoxide were found as the main reactive species responsible for the removal of GA while ∗OH had a very limited effect. Copyright © 2017 Water Environment Federation.

关键词： Rate constants

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Glutaraldehyde removal from flowback and produced waters using photolysis 89

Glutaraldehyde removal from flowback and produced waters usi...

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89th Annual Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference, WEFTEC 2016

ISBN: (纸本)9781510870475

Glutaraldehyde (GA) has been used extensively as a biocide in hydraulic fracturing fluids leading to the contamination of the compound in flowback and produced waters. Photolysis of GA in water was performed under UV irradiation using monochromatic lamps with a wavelength of 254 nm. The results indicated that photolysis of GA followed pseudo-first order kinetics. GA can be photolyzed by UV at all studied conditions;however, the degradation rates of GA were different at different light intensities, pHs, initial GA concentrations and salt concentrations. The degradation rate of GA increased with increasing incident light intensity and decreasing pH. Increasing in initial GA concentration resulted in decreasing rate of GA. At lower salt concentrations, notable retardation of GA degradation rate was observed. Quenching experiments were also conducted to further explore the mechanisms of GA photolysis. Higher molecular weight compounds were identified as the main photolytic byproducts. Copyright ©2016 Water Environment Federation.

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing

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Assessing Self-Healing in High-Strength Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymers by an Innovative Methodology

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Santos, Karyne Ferreira Ribeiro, António Simões Bettencourt Silva, Eugênia Fonseca Postgraduate program in Structural Engineering and Construction - PECC Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering SG-12 Building University of Brasilia - UnB DF Brasília Brazil National Laboratory for Civil Engineering LNEC Portugal

This study introduces a novel cracking methodology used in high-strength concrete (HSC) with superabsorbent polymers (SAP) to unveil its actual self-healing potential without fibre reinforcement. Although high-strength concrete allows for more creative structural designs and reduces the amount of building materials used, it often suffers from self-desiccation, which can cause cracking issues. SAP's inclusion in HSC not only addresses the autogenous shrinkage problem but also enhances concrete's self-healing capabilities. This research focuses on the dual role of SAP in mitigating autogenous shrinkage and promoting self-healing in high-strength concrete. An innovative technique was employed to induce uniform, controlled cracks under direct tension by isolating the self-healing agent's effect. The cracking process was developed using nonlinear finite element analysis. Two SAP concentrations (0.3% and 0.6%) were tested on specimens with a consistent crack width of 200 µm. These specimens underwent daily wetting-drying cycles over four months, with evaluations at 7 and 28 days post-cracking. Self-healing effectiveness was measured through mechanical recovery and microscopic examination of crack closure. Results, as expected, revealed a modest healing level but showed the actual potential of self-healing that this kind of concrete (HSC) can be counted on, offering crucial insights into self-healing concrete's practical applications and limitations. This study demonstrates SAP's versatility and highlights another advantage of SAP in high-strength concrete. This advantage, while slight, encourages the use of SAP in concrete and advances the creation of more durable construction materials. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Crack closure

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Possibilities of using silicate rock powder:An overview

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 446-456页

作者： Claudete Gindri Ramos James C.Hower Erika Blanco Marcos Leandro Silva Oliveira Suzi Huff Theodoro Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Universidad de la CostaCalle 58#55-66BarranquillaColombia Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Arquitectura Universidad de LimaAvenida Javier Prado Este 4600Santiago de Surco 1503Peru Center for Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky2540 Research Park DriveLexingtonKY 40511USA Department of Earth&Environmental Sciences University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40511USA Postgraduate Program of Environment and Rural Development(PPG-MADER) Área Universitária01Vila Nossa Senhora de Fátima–Campus UnBPlanaltinaDFBrazil

This study evaluates the on use of crushed rocks(remineralizers)to increase soil fertility levels and which contributed to increase agricultural productivity,recovery of degraded areas,decontamination of water,and carbon *** use of these geological materials is part of the assumptions of rock technology and,indirectly,facilitates the achievement of sustainable development goals related to soil management,climate change,and the preservation of water *** over the past 50 years on silicate rocks focused on soil fertility management and agricultural *** recently,the combined use with microorganisms and organic correctives have shown positive results to mitigate soil degradation;to expand carbon sequestration and storage;and to contribute to the adsorption of contaminants from water and *** this article we show results obtained in several countries and we show that this technology can contribute to the sustainability of agriculture,as well as to reverse global *** mineral nutrients are released more slowly from these types of inputs,they remain in the soil for a longer time,stimulating the soil *** addition,they are a technology to soluble synthetic fertilizers replace,since the few nutrients derived from such inputs not consumed by plants are lost by leaching,contaminating groundwater and water *** addition,conventional methods rely heavily on chemical pesticides which cause damage to soil’s microfauna(responsible for the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling)and the loss of organic carbon(in the form of dioxide),which is quickly dispersed in the *** rock powders are applied in natura,have long-lasting residual effects and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

关键词： Rock powder Soil management Carbon storage Water contaminant adsorption

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Assessment of groundwater quality from monitoring wells in an area occupied by a cemetery in South Brazil

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Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2024年第6期17卷 1-10页

作者： Fernandes, Gabriel D’ávila de Borba, Willian Fernando Vecchia, Paula Dalla Mortari, Sérgio Roberto Duarte, Fábio Andrei da Cunha Kemerich, Pedro Daniel de Souza, Éricklis Edson Boito da Silva, José Luiz Silvério Silva, Milene Priebe e da Silva, Mateus Guimarães Wissmann, Joao Pedro Berton Federal University of Santa Maria Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering (PPGEC) Santa Maria Brazil Federal University of Santa Maria Department of Environmental Engineering and Technology Frederico Westphalen Brazil Federal University of Santa Maria Postgraduate Program in Chemistry Avenida Roraima Santa Maria Brazil Franciscana University Postgraduate Program in Nanosciences Santa Maria Brazil Federal University of Santa Maria Department of Chemistry Santa Maria Brazil Federal University of Santa Maria Department of Geosciences Santa Maria Brazil Federal University of Santa Maria Postgraduate Program in Forestry Engineering (PPGEF) Santa Maria Brazil Federal University of Santa Maria Postgraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEAmb) Santa Maria Brazil Federal University of Pampa Caçapava do Sul Brazil

The contamination of water resources, surface or underground, is one of the major problems society faces. Thus, areas occupied by cemeteries can negatively impact the environment, especially on water and soil quality. This research aims to analyze groundwater quality in a space occupied by a cemetery in southern Brazil. Twelve chemical elements were analyzed using atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma coming from 5 monitoring wells installed in the study area. The results indicated changes in the elements barium, iron, lithium, manganese, sodium, and zinc, with climatic conditions being a predominant factor in the variation of concentrations. The chemical elements aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and vanadium presented concentrations lower than the quantification limit of the method. The concentrations of iron, lithium, zinc, and manganese varied from lower than the quantification limit of the method to 74.10, 3.91, 4.11 µg.L-1, and 0.45 mg. L-1, respectively. Barium and sodium varied from 0.12 to 0.28 and 7.55 to 40.18 mg. L-1, respectively. The element sodium presented average concentrations of 7.55 to 40.18 mg.L-1. The element manganese varies the LQ at 0.45 mg.L-1, where in 5 samples, the values were above those allowed for potability, indicating that it disagrees with current legislation. The others, which contained detectable concentrations in the medium (Ba, Fe, Li, Mn, Na, and Zn) would be within the permitted limits. Based on this, it was possible to conclude a change in the chemical elements during the analyzed period. Thus, the importance of preliminary studies in the areas occupied by necropolises, which can become a public health problem, is highlighted.

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The Use of Coagulant and Natural Soil to Control Cyanobacterial Blooms in a Tropical Reservoir

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Pinheiro, Thaís Lopes Becker, Vanessa da Cunha, Karina Patrícia Vieira Frota, André Monicelli, Fernanda Araújo, Fabiana Capelo-Neto, José Federal University of Ceará Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Block 713 Campus Pici Ceará Fortaleza Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Postgraduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering Natal Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Postgraduate Program in Ecology Natal Brazil

Cyanobacterial blooms have been a growing problem in water bodies and attracted attention from researcher and water companies worldwide. Different treatment methods have been researched and applied either inside water treatment plants or directily into reservoirs. We tested a combination of coagulants, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and iron(III) chloride (FeCl3), and ballasts, luvisol (LUV) and planosol (PLAN), known as the ‘Floc and Sink’ technique, to remove positively buoyant cyanobacteria from a tropical reservoir water. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to optimize the two reaction variables – coagulant dosage (x1) and ballast dosage (x2) to remove the response variables: chlorophyll-a, turbidity, true color, and organic matter. Results showed that the combination of LUV with PAC effectively reduced the concentration of the response variables, while PLAN was ineffective in removing cyanobacteria when combined to PAC or FeCl3. Furthermore, FeCl3 presented poorer floc formation and lower removal efficienty compared to PAC. This study may contribute to the theoretical and practical knowledge of the algal biomass removal for mitigating eutrophication trough different dosages of coagulants and ballasts. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chlorine compounds

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Metal-enriched nanoparticles and black carbon:A perspective from the Brazil railway system air pollution

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 624-635页

作者： Bianca D.Lima Elba C.Teixeira James C.Hower Matheus S.Civeira Omar Ramírez Cheng-Xue Yang Marcos L.S.Oliveira Luis F.O.Silva Postgraduate Program in Remote Sensing and Meteorology Geosciences InstituteUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulAv.Bento Gonçalves9500Porto AlegreRS 91501–970Brazil Research Department Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luís RoesslerAv.Borges de Medeiros261Porto AlegreRS 90020–021Brazil Center for Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky2540 Research Park DriveLexingtonKY 40511USA Postgraduate Program in Mines Metallurgy and MaterialsUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulAv.Bento Gonçalves9500Porto AlegreRS 91501–970Brazil Faculty of Engineering Environmental EngineeringUniversidad Militar Nueva GranadaKm 2 CajicáZipaquiráColombia Institute of Earth Science China University of Geosciences(Beijing)29 Xueyuan RdHaidian DistrictChina Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCUCCalle 58#55-66BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Universidad de Lima Departamento de Ingeniería civil y Arquitectura.Avenida Javier Prado Este 4600–Santiago de Surco 1503Peru

Having a better understanding of air pollutants in railway systems is crucial to ensure a clean public *** study measured,for the first time in Brazil,nanoparticles(NPs)and black carbon(BC)on two groundlevel platforms and inside trains of the Metropolitan Area of Porto Alegre(MAPA).An intense sampling campaign during thirteen consecutive months was carried out and the chemical composition of NPs was examined by advanced microscopy *** results showed that highest concentrations of the pollutants occur in colder seasons and influenced by variables such as frequency of the trains and passenger ***,internal and external sources of pollution at the stations were *** predominance of NPs enriched with metals that increase oxidative stress like Cd,Fe,Pb,Cr,Zn,Ni,V,Hg,Sn,and Ba both on the platforms and inside trains,including Fe-minerals as hematite and magnetite,represents a critical risk to the health of passengers and employees of the *** interdisciplinary and multi-analytical study aims to provide an improved understanding of reported adverse health effects induced by railway system aerosols.

关键词： Nanoparticles Potential hazardous elements environmental chemistry Human health Railway environment Indoor air quality

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Chemical and Mechanical Characterization of Ternary Cement Pastes Containing Calcined Clay and Nanosilica

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Journal of civil engineering and Architecture 2021年第7期15卷 360-369页

作者： Divino Gabriel Lima Pinheiro Matheus Ian de Castro Sousa João Henrique da Silva Rêgo Postgraduate Program in Structure and Civil Construction PPG-PECC Universidade de BrasíliaFederal DistrictBrazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of GoiásCâmpus FormosaGoiásBrazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Universidade de BrasíliaFederal DistrictBrazil

Research regarding new SCMs(supplementary cementitious materials)is in constant progress,aiming to improve cement properties,reduce its operational costs and make it more *** such material is calcined clay,which reduces CO2 emissions and overall cost when blended with *** is also an SCM,highly *** the benefits of both are well established,their combined effect in a ternary mixture with cement still demands more ***,the present work evaluates that mixture,aiming to contribute to the cement industry and environmental *** cement pastes were studied:OPC(100%Portland cement),2NS(2%substitution by nanosilica),25CC(25%replacement by calcined clay produced in the laboratory)and 23CC2NS(replacement by 2%of nanosilica and 23%calcined clay).w/b(water/binder)ratio was fixed in 0.35 and superplasticizer admixtures were used to keep the same ***(compressive strength),XRD(X-ray diffraction)and TGA(thermogravimetric analysis)were performed in the *** show that the calcination process of the raw clays was efficient,with conversion of kaolinite and that both binary and ternary pastes showed fc equal to or higher than the reference,demonstrating the viability of the calcined clay for clinker substitution at high contents.

关键词： Calcined clay nanosilica SCM blended cements sustainability low CO2 cements

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Biosorption of chromium by live and dead cells of Bacillus nitratireducens isolated from textile effluent

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Chemosphere 2024年 359卷 142389页

作者： Imron, Muhammad Fauzul Setiawan, Wahyu Putranto, Trisnadi Widyaleksono Catur Abdullah, Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Kurniawan, Setyo Budi Study Program of Environmental Engineering Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Campus C UNAIR Jalan Mulyorejo Surabaya60115 Indonesia Department of Water Management Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Stevinweg 1 CN Delft2628 Netherlands Study Program of Environmental Science Postgraduate Program Sriwijaya University Palembang30139 Indonesia Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM Bangi Selangor 43600 Malaysia

Bacillus nitratireducens was isolated from textile effluent and showed high tolerance to chromium (Cr), reaching up to a 1000 mg/L MIC value. This research was aimed at utilizing biosorbents from live and dead cells of B. nitratireducens to remove Cr from an aqueous solution. A batch biosorption test was performed, and mechanisms analysis was approached by an adsorption-desorption test, SEM-EDS, and FTIR analysis. Cr removal by dead cells in 25, 50, and 100 mg/L of Cr were 58.99 ± 0.7%, 69.8 ± 0.2%, and 82.87 ± 0.11%, respectively, while that by live cells was 73.08 ± 1.9%, 80.27 ± 6.33%, and 86.17 ± 1.93%, respectively. Live cells showed significantly higher Cr removal and adsorption capacities as compared to dead cells. In all concentrations, absorption contributed more than adsorption to the Cr removal by both live and dead cells. Absorption of Cr was subjected to occur due to passive mechanisms in dead cells while involving some active mechanisms in live cells. SEM-EDS confirmed the detection of Cr on the cell surface, while FTIR revealed the shifting of some peaks after the biosorption test, suggesting interactions between Cr and functional groups. Further TEM analysis is suggested to be conducted as a future approach to reveal the inner structure of cells and confirm the involvement of absorption mechanisms. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Heavy metals

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Degradation of the Antibiotic Sulfamethoxazole by Ozonation: A Comprehensive Review

CleanMat

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CleanMat 2024年第1期1卷 16-51页

作者： Jéssica Martini Joshua O. Ighalo Ebuka Chizitere Emenike Jordana Georgin Elvis Carissimi Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad de la Costa CUC Barranquilla Colombia Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) Santa Maria Brazil

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is an antibiotic widely used for the treatment of several diseases, especially respiratory and urinary. Due to its widespread use, its presence in the environment has been on the rise. This study discusses the degradation of the antibiotic SMX through the ozonation process. SMX is preferentially degraded by the direct action of O 3 on the molecule, starting by breaking the double bonds in the aromatic ring. Through ozonation it is possible to obtain complete SMX degradation within 10 min, but the mineralization of the solution is not achieved, reaching total organic carbon removal efficiencies of 5%–60%, depending on the reaction time. Factors such as the presence of organic matter (OM) and the pH of the solution interfere with the degradation of SMX. The OM acts as a radical scavenger, decreasing the efficiency of degradation, while the pH interferes with the decomposition of O 3 into radicals and the dissolution of the oxidant in the medium, in addition to influencing the state of ionization of the SMX making it more or less prone to reactions. In general, most other remediation processes are carried out on a laboratory scale. To increase the level of these processes to a full scale, more pilot-scale studies are needed. In addition, it is necessary to focus on the practice of reusing materials, avoiding the generation of secondary pollution, and increasing the useful life of the material. The review also discusses the reaction mechanisms, intermediate compounds formed, mineralization of the solution, and factors that influence the process, which can help in making decisions for future studies to be carried out in the area. Prospects in the research area revolve around using metal–organic frameworks as molecular imprinting technology to modify heterogeneous catalysts, integration of external energy, bimetallic systems, and evaluation of deactivation mechanisms.

关键词： advanced oxidation processes emerging pollutants ozonation reaction mechanisms sulfamethoxazole water treatment

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