Fault zones are known to influence the petrophysical properties of the rocks that accommodate deformation. However, the effect of a fault zone containing deformation bands and hydrothermal silicification on fluid flow...
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The salt layer thickness variability and the timing of salt deposition in relation to rifting (prerift salt, synrift salt, and late synrift/postrift salt) influence salt flow and the resulting growth, geometry, and ki...
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The salt layer thickness variability and the timing of salt deposition in relation to rifting (prerift salt, synrift salt, and late synrift/postrift salt) influence salt flow and the resulting growth, geometry, and kinematics of salt bodies under different extensional regimes. We apply analogue modelling to analyze the influence and interplay of each of these parameters through three series of experiments focusing on extensional salt tectonics. The first (Series I) simulates thick-skinned extension of a tabular salt layer in the absence of basement structures and explore the effects of variable salt thicknesses and extensional structural styles. Series II tests the degree of mechanical coupling of sub- and supra-salt faults according to contrasting salt thicknesses over a rotating rift block. Series III explores thin-skinned, gravity-driven deformation implementing models of i) pure-gliding (S 1 ), ii) pure-spreading (S 2 ) and iii) a combination of both (S 3 ). Series I shows that the degree of symmetry and the kinematics of the structures vary due to the influence of the thickness of the salt layer. Thick salt layers tend to nucleate symmetric rifts and associated diapirs, while thin salt layers form rifts that are strongly asymmetric and rotated towards the direction of extension. Series II demonstrates that the number and dimensions of peripheral post-salt grabens, rollers, and reactive diapirs developed depends on the degree of coupling between sub- and supra-salt, which in turn is controlled by how the salt layer is distributed over active rift structures. Series III shows that deformation is compartmentalized into proximal, transitional, and distal domains which are characterized by extension, translation and contraction, respectively. The style and lateral extent of these domains however vary. In models where deformation is driven exclusively by tilting of the salt layer (S 1 ) and open-toe salt advance, there is development of linear grabens cored by reacti
Shelf sand ridges represent elongated and isolated bodies with essentially sand composition distributed on continental shelves worldwide. The genesis of these features has been debated by numerous researchers over tim...
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