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Enhanced Performance of a Graphene-Doped Silicon Sensor Incorporating a 2-D Photonic Crystal Resonator for Terahertz Light Transmission

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 16905-16912页

作者： Tavares, Simone C. C. Barros de Sousa, Fabio Dos Reis Silva, Alan Costa, Marcos B. C. Federal University of Pará Department of the Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering Belém66075110 Brazil Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Pará Department of the Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering Marabá68507590 Brazil Federal University of Para College of Materials Engineering Department of the Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering Belem66075110 Brazil

This study presents the design of a graphene-doped silicon sensor that incorporates a 2-D photonic crystal (2D-PhC) nanocavity resonator integrated into a waveguide. The selection of graphene was predicated on its exceptional optical properties. Defects were introduced into the silicon substrate, and the central holes of the resonator were optimized. The graphene component was then embedded within these central holes in the silicon substrate. Through simulations, the influence of hole dimensions, designed based on wavelength and amplitude, on the transmission of light at the desired frequency was investigated, enabling the determination of the optimal hole size for this application. The results obtained from these simulations indicate that the dimensions of the cavity holes, when combined with graphene doping, significantly enhance the sensor’s birefringence. This is a characteristic that cannot be achieved with silicon alone. The incorporation of graphene as a waveguide has been found to be beneficial for the sensor’s overall performance. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Silicon sensors

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The influence of plastic waste on the properties of lime-based mortars

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2025年第3期19卷 477-487页

作者： Vasiliki PACHTA Angeliki-Christina VEDINOGLOU Sofia FLEVARAKI Laboratory of Building Materials School of Civil EngineeringAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Interdepartmental Program of Postgraduate Studies‘Protection Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Monuments’ Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece

The increasing consumption of plastics, and the threat of environmental impact of their disposal, renders the management of their waste of interest. In the present study, an effort has been made to investigate the influence of waste polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polypropylene (PP) of various origin in lime-based mortars, applied in the restoration of traditional structures. Nine mortar compositions (based on lime and natural pozzolan) were designed, manufactured and tested, in which natural aggregates were partially substituted by waste plastics (in proportions of 12.5% and 25% v/v of aggregates). According to the research results, shrinkage deformations were reduced in the short term in all modified compositions, porosity showed slight changes, while apparent specific gravity and capillary absorption index were decreased. Mechanical properties were enhanced in the case of the PVC and the lower PP flakes addition (12.5% v/v), while compressive strength was reduced around 5%–25% in the higher proportion (25% v/v). Generally, it could be asserted that the 12.5% v/v proportion of waste plastics offered benefit, and in particular PVC addition was beneficial in terms of physico-mechanical properties, rendering the exploitation of plastic waste in lime-based systems feasible.

关键词： plastic waste lime mortars pozzolan polypropylene polyvinyl chloride

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Valorization potential of coffee capsule waste: an updated bibliometric review

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2025年第4期32卷 1681-1692页

作者： dos Santos, Wallan Azevedo Holanda, José Nilson F. Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Darcy Ribeiro Northern Fluminense State University RJ Campos Dos Goytacazes City28013-602 Brazil Laboratory of Advanced Materials Darcy Ribeiro Northern Fluminense State University RJ Campos Dos Goytacazes City28013-602 Brazil

In recent years, coffee capsule waste has been generated on an increasingly large scale worldwide, but disposing of it in an environmentally sustainable and economical manner still poses major challenges. This work maps the original scientific production focused on the valorization of coffee capsule waste through a bibliometric review based on scientific articles published in the last 10 years (from 2014 to 2024) in the Scopus database. The review identified different ways of valuing coffee capsule waste, including the development of composite materials, composting, energy production, jewelry and decorative items, and the construction of supercapacitors and sensors. Some significant aspects were also emphasized: (i) this subject has a high potential for further growth;(ii) the published articles considered only part of the components of the coffee capsule waste;and (iii) most of the published articles were based on laboratory-scale experiments. Thus, the valorization of coffee capsule waste requires even more development. To address these challenges, manufacturers, consumers, researchers, governments, and the recycling industry should make a joint effort to develop innovative solutions that enable the complete valorization of coffee capsule waste in an environmentally friendly way. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Circular economy

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Self SOC Estimation for Second-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 75033-75042页

作者： Gotz, Joelton Deonei Viana, Emilson Ribeiro Galvão, José Rodolfo Corrêa, Fernanda Cristina Borsato, Milton Badin, Alceu André Paraná Curitiba81280-340 Brazil Department of Computer Science Paraná Curitiba80215-901 Brazil Department of Physics Paraná Curitiba81280-340 Brazil Paraná Ponta Grossa80230-901 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Mechanical and Materials Engineering Paraná Curitiba81280-340 Brazil

Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) are the mainstream technology for energy storage in several industrial segments, such as mobility and stationary systems for solar, wind, or other alternative energy source. This technology has a long lifetime, low self-discharge, high capacity and density, and can store energy longer. Despite that, LIB is suitable to supply power for electric mobility if its state of health (SOH) is higher than 80%. Then, an alternative for batteries with SOH below that is recycling or second-life batteries (SLB). The first is expensive and complex;only some companies retain the technology. Still, the SLB can be an excellent solution to maintaining LIBs in operation for slow vehicles or stationary systems. However, SLB requires intelligent battery management systems (BMS) because the packs are composed of cells with different characteristics, which makes the operation more difficult. This work presents a system consisting of two Machine Learning (ML) layers to automatically estimate the state of charge (SOC) of SLB independent of the battery’s capacity or age. In the first phase, a Random Forest (RF) model was built and trained to discover the curve capacity of different SLB characteristics and capacities. After the capacity curve selection, in the second phase, a new RF model was built and trained for each capacity curve to make SOC inferences of the batteries. The discharge data curve of one hundred batteries was used for the development, whereas eighteen were used for the training and eighty-two for tests. The results indicated a root square mean error (RSME) below 45 mAh for the capacity estimation (phase 1), and an RSME below 0.87% was found in the second phase for the SOC estimation. Finally, the capacity and SOC models have been inserted in a Raspberry system to measure the main parameters of SLB (voltage and current) and make inferences in real time independent of the cell’s age. The results showed an RSME below 100 mAh for the first layer and be

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Sustainable optimization of acetone-water distillation: Balancing cost, flexibility, and environmental impact with heat pump integration

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Chemical engineering Research and Design 2025年 218卷 361-375页

作者： Wu, Ssu-Hsien Lin, Chih-Yao Silviana, S. Adi, Vincentius Surya Kurnia Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung40227 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering College of Engineering Tunghai University Taichung407224 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Tembalang Semarang50275 Indonesia Master Program of Energy School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Diponegoro Pleburan Semarang50241 Indonesia

Acetone is extensively used in industrial applications due to its high polarity and miscibility. However, its separation from water becomes increasingly energy-intensive at high concentrations beyond a mass fraction of 0.8, where the relative volatility significantly decreases. This study introduces an innovative heat pump-assisted distillation system (HPADS) coupled with a novel bi-objective optimization framework that simultaneously considers economic efficiency and operational flexibility—an aspect often neglected in prior studies. Leveraging the integration of Aspen Plus® and MATLAB®, the proposed system enables automated, parallelized optimization using a genetic algorithm (GA), with a custom objective function that includes both total annual cost (TAC) and a flexibility index (FI). This approach ensures not only minimum cost but also robust performance under feed disturbances. The optimized HPADS achieves up to 16.25 % flexibility in feed variation tolerance, reduces operating costs by 57.78 %, and cuts annual CO₂ emissions by 3.83 × 10⁶ kg compared to conventional systems. The results demonstrate that embedding flexibility into process design enhances both sustainability and resilience, positioning the proposed HPADS framework as a significant advancement toward practical, energy-efficient, and disturbance-tolerant distillation systems. © 2025 Institution of Chemical Engineers

关键词： Distillation

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Development of active cassava starch foam, through different methods of incorporating thyme essential oil

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Brazilian Journal of Chemical engineering 2025年 1-19页

作者： Bohnenberger, Nayara Taíne Pozzebon, Gabriela Gauger, Larissa Rambo Yudice, Eliana Della Coletta Francisquetti, Édson Luiz Romanzini, Daiane Postgraduate Program in Materials Technology and Engineering (PPGTEM) Federal Institute of Rio Grande Do Sul (IFRS) Feliz Brazil Santo André Regional Center Adolfo Lutz Institute Santo André Brazil Postgraduate Program in Materials Technology and Engineering (PPGTEM) Federal Institute of Rio Grande Do Sul (IFRS) Farroupilha Brazil

This study aimed to evaluate two methods of producing active cassava starch foams: one through the incorporation of a clay hybrid into the formulation, which contained 18.88 wt% of thyme essential oil, and the other through the application of the essential oil to the surface of the foams. For the latter, the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of this substance were adopted, which were 12.5 and 25% (v.v−1), respectively. When comparing the incorporation techniques, the foam containing the clay hybrid exhibited greater thermal stability. However, the sample in which 25% (v.v−1) of the essential oil was applied to the surface presented smaller and more closed-air cells, a 73% higher impact resistance, and 18.22% lower water absorption rate. This sample also presented inhibition zones of 2,82 ± 0,22 cm; 2,85 ± 0,15 cm, and 2,39 ± 0,22 cm against S. aureus, S. enterica and E. coli, respectively. Although the presence of thyme essential oil was confirmed via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in the foam containing the clay hybrid, this sample did not exhibit antimicrobial properties. Therefore, among the methods analyzed, surface application was the most effective, representing a promising alternative for application in food packaging, especially for products containing low water content.

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Stability and activity of nickel catalysts supported on diatomite for dry reforming of methane: Role of cerium and boron promoters

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Journal of the Energy Institute 2025年 120卷

作者： Azevedo, Amanda L. Melo, Dulce M.A. Silva, Yuri K.R.O. Oliveira, Ângelo A.S. Favacho, Vanessa S.S. Souza, Lalyson M.L.R. Rocha, Amanda R.C.C. Braga, Renata M. Postgraduate Program in Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil Postgraduate Program in Petroleum Science and Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte Natal Brazil Agricultural School of Jundiaí Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte RN Macaíba Brazil

This study evaluates the activity and stability of nickel-based catalysts supported on diatomite and promoted with 1 or 2 wt% of cerium or boron for the dry reforming of methane (DRM). Diatomite, a naturally abundant and low-cost support, requires no complex synthesis procedures and remains relatively underexplored in DRM applications. Given the economic viability of using this material, the incorporation of promoters such as cerium and boron can enhance its catalytic properties, including resistance to coke formation, thermal stability, and activity at both low and high temperatures, thereby increasing its potential for industrial application. The support composition was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and its morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The catalysts were characterized by SEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen physisorption, H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Raman spectroscopy. The catalytic performance results indicated that cerium addition enhanced CO2 and CH4 conversion, with 2 wt% Ce-promoted catalyst stands out due to its significantly higher conversion rates and lower coke formation, as observed in TGA. The 2 wt% boron-promoted catalyst exhibited greater stability, with significant resistance to coke formation, despite showing lower CH4 conversion. SEM analysis revealed the presence of carbon filaments, particularly in the catalysts without boron, whereas boron-promoted catalysts showed reduced filamentous carbon formation. The activation energies derived from the Arrhenius plot further corroborate these findings, demonstrating that boron-promoted catalysts exhibited satisfactory performance at high temperatures (>800 °C), where the reaction is thermodynamically controlled. In turn, cerium-promoted catalysts achieved superior catalytic performance at ≤ 700 °C and performed similarly to boron-containing catalysts at higher temperatures. Therefore, both promoters impa

关键词： Thermogravimetric analysis

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Increased corrosion resistance of steel substrates coated with epoxy resin/ZnO/Fe 2 O 3 obtained from electric arc furnace dust recovery

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Journal of materials Research and Technology 2025年 36卷 9462-9472页

作者： Mário Andrean Macedo Castro Tanara Caroline Nunes Nicácio Antonio Carlos do Nascimento Santos José Eudes Lima Santos Luis David Loor-Urgilés Antonio Eduardo Martinelli Fabiana Villela da Motta Mauricio Bomio LSQM–Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Materials Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN P.O. Box 1524 Natal RN Brazil Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970 Natal RN Brazil Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte 59078-900 Natal RN Brazil

The sustainable management of metal-rich industrial wastes, such as electric arc furnace dust (EAFD), remains a critical challenge for the steel industry. Although previous studies have investigated metal recovery routes and their application in functional materials, few have explored the reuse of these wastes as active components in anticorrosive coatings. This work proposes an innovative approach for valorizing EAFD, recovering iron (Fe 2 O 3 ) and zinc (ZnO) oxides through acid leaching, basic precipitation, and heat treatment. After recovery, mixed ZnO/Fe 2 O 3 oxides were prepared in different proportions and incorporated as nanofillers in an epoxy matrix, creating a hybrid coating aimed at protecting carbon steel against corrosion. The obtained materials were characterized by XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and BET analysis, while the mechanical and anticorrosive properties were evaluated by Vickers hardness tests, Potentiodynamic Polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. After 240 h of immersion in saline solution and 360 h of Salt-spray test, the coating with the highest Fe 2 O 3 content demonstrated superior performance, reducing the corrosion rate by up to 100 times and increasing the load transfer resistance by up to 80 times. The contribution of this study lies in both the proposal of a new cycle for reusing steel waste and in demonstrating a viable route for developing high-performance anticorrosive coatings with potential for industrial application in sectors such as oil and gas. The combination of waste recovery and functional improvement of the material positions this study as a technologically and environmentally relevant solution.

关键词： EAFD ZnO Fe 2 O 3 Epoxy resin Anti-corrosive coatings

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ANN-based analysis of thin film Maxwell fluid dynamics with electro-osmotic and nonlinear thermal effects

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Alexandria engineering Journal 2025年 127卷 392-410页

作者： Din, Irfan Saif Ud Siddique, Imran Zahid, Zohaib Nadeem, Muhammad Islam, S. Department of Mathematics University of Management and Technology Lahore54770 Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of Sargodha Sargodha40100 Pakistan Mathematics in Applied Sciences and Engineering Research Group Scientific Research Center Al-Ayen University Nasiriyah64001 Iraq Federal University of Technology Paran UTFPR Mechanical Engineering Department DAMEC Postgraduate Program in Mechanical and Materials Engineering PPGEM Research Center for Rheology and Non-Newtonian Fluids CERNN R. Deputado Heitor Alencar Furtado 5000 - Bloco N - Ecoville PR Curitiba81280-340 Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University P.O Box 1664 Al Khobar31952 Saudi Arabia

An intelligent Levenberg-Marquardt Technique (LMT) with artificial neural network (ANN) backpropagation (BP) has been used to analyze the thermal heat and mass transfer of unsteady magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) thin film Maxwell fluid flow in a porous inclined sheet with an emphasis on the influence of electro-osmosis. The activation energy, chemical reaction, mixed convection, melting heat, joule heating, nonlinear thermal radiation, variable thermal conductivity and thermal source/sink effect are taken into account for transport expressions. Appropriate similarity transformations were used to translate partial differential equations (PDEs) into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). After that, the built-in MATLAB BVP4C method was used for a data set assessed using the LMT-ANN strategy to solve these ODEs. The physical significance of the designed parameters is thoroughly discussed in both tabular and graphical form. The observed R-squared value is 1, and the mean square error up to 10−15 demonstrates the LMT-ANN's precise and accurate computing capability. The model's validity is also confirmed by the strong agreement between the obtained predicted findings and numerical results, which shows a high degree of accuracy within the range of 10−8 to 10−11. It was revealed that radiative heat considerably increases surface heat energy through accumulation, improving heat transfer qualities, whereas fluid temperature is raised by Joule dissipation, variable thermal conductivity, and heat source. Electro-osmosis and magnetic fields reduce fluid velocity by generating opposing forces that resist the flow. This problem works best in microscale fluid transport systems and drilling operations, where magnetic and electro-osmotic control are crucial. These systems include micro-electromechanical systems, lab-on-a-chip devices, porous geological formations, and thin film coating technologies. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Activation energy

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Thermo-optical properties of erbium-doped germanate-bismuth glasses

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Optical materials 2025年 166卷

作者： Silva, Adriano Almeida Lima, Lucas Batista Silva da Silva, Isis Lee Garcia, Hans Anderson Bell, Maria José Valenzuela Kassab, Luciana Reyes Pires Santos, Francisco Eroni Paz Postgraduate Program in Physics Federal University of Piauí PI 64049550 Brazil Department of Physics Federal University of Juiz de Fora MG Juiz de Fora36036-900 Brazil Faculdade de Tecnologia São Paulo CEETEPS SP São Paulo01124060 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Engineering and Materials Science Federal University of Teresina PI 64049550 Brazil

In this study, we investigate the thermo-optical properties of GeO2–Bi2O3 glasses doped with different concentrations of rare earth ions by thermal lens technique;UV-VIS and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, as well as measurements of thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity and quantum efficiency, are presented aiming at potential photonic applications. High infrared fluorescence lifetimes around 4 ms and quantum efficiencies of ∼80 % for 1 % Er3+ concentration, determined via lifetime and thermal lens methods, enabled efficient laser operation. Positive ds/dT values confirmed the self-focusing nature beneficial for high-power systems. While quantum efficiencies decreased exponentially with rising Er3+ due to non-radiative relaxation from erbium-matrix interactions, reasonably high efficiencies above 74 % persisted at 1 % doping. The thermal diffusivity and conductivity exhibited little changes with varying Er3+ concentration and showed to be matrix dependent. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Quantum efficiency

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