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2014 International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building engineering

作者： Starbuck, Richmond Seo, Joonoh Han, Sanguk Lee, Sanghyun Tishman Construction Management Program Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Michigan 2350 Hayward Street Ann ArborMI United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta 3-015 Markin/CNRL Natural Resources Engineering Facility 9105 116th Street EdmontonAB Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780784413616

Marker-less motion capture has been extensively studied in recent years as a means of evaluating productivity, safety, and workplace design for manual operations on-site. These technologies are ideal for circumstances in which traditional motion capture systems are ineffective due to the need for a laboratory setting and movement-inhibiting markers or sensors. However, many marker-less motion capture systems rely on RGB-D sensors that have limited range and susceptibility to interference from sunlight and ferromagnetic radiation, making them unsuitable for modeling worker actions on construction sites. To address this issue, we propose a marker-less motion capture approach utilizing optical images and depth data obtained from stereo vision cameras. Multiple camera lenses and triangulation algorithms generate depths maps similar to those produced by RGB-D sensors, while still utilizing an optical recording process unhindered by potentially harsh construction site conditions. These data are adapted for existing kinematic modeling systems (i.e. iPiMocap Studio) for 3-D pose estimation. The experiments show that the proposed approach can provide data precision comparable to that of RGB-D-based systems with fewer operational constraints;thus, motion data can be collected where previously developed methods fail due to environmental or maneuverability restrictions. With the proposed approach, kinematic modeling of human movements can be carried out on construction sites without inhibiting the mobility of the recorded subject. © ASCE 2014.

关键词： motion capture construction sites Stereoviews kinematics Data Accuracy Ergonomics Construction Workers Optical Imaging Modeling Manual handling

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Broadband Absorptance High Efficiency Silicon Nanowire Fractal Arrays for Photovoltaic Applications

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MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) 2014年第1期1707卷 mrss14-1707-uu06-02-mrss14-1707-uu06-02页

作者： Omar H. Alzoubi Husam Abu-Safe Khalid Alshurman Hameed A. Naseem Department of Electrical Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72701 U.S.A. Natural Resources Engineering and Management German-Jordanian University Madaba Jordan Microelectronics and photonics program University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72701 U.S.A.

Nanowire arrays have been proposed to enhance light trapping, increase efficiencies, and reduced material cost in photovoltaic solar cells. In this work we present a new crystalline silicon nanowire array structure, inspired by fractal geometry. The array structure is assumed to be an infinite 2D array in the x and y directions, and composed of vertically aligned SiNW suspended in air. Hexagonal fractal-like geometry is adapted in arranging cylindrical SiNW in these arrays. Full-wave finite element method 3D simulation is used to compute reflectance, transmittance and absorptance of the array for a normal incidence plane wave. The proposed fractal-like distribution of SiNW arrays yield broad absorption spectrum and enhanced efficiency while using less material. The efficiency of the proposed fractal-like SiNW arrays achieve ∼100% enhancement over that of the equivalent thickness flat c-Si film, and ∼18% enhancement over an equivalent height hexagonal array. The proposed optimized structures achieved a filling ratio ∼25%, which is ∼33% less than the corresponding hexagonal array.

关键词： photovoltaic optical nanostructure

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A Survivability-Centered Research Agenda for Cloud Computing Supported Emergency Response and management Systems

A Survivability-Centered Research Agenda for Cloud Computing...

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IEEE Aerospace Conference

作者： Zhanshan (Sam) Ma Ronald P. Neilson Liexun Yang Andrew Hess Richard Millar Computational Biology & Medical Ecology Lab State Key Lab. of Genetic Resources & Evolution KIZ Chinese Academy of Sciences BioClimatologist USDA Forest Service USDA Forest Services & Oregon State University Department of Management Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of China The Hess PHM Group Inc Department of Systems Engineering Naval Postgraduate School

ISBN: (纸本)9781479916191

Cloud computing is evolved from grid computing with a key support from the rapidly expanding virtualization technology. We argue that clouding computing is particularly suitable for supporting emergency response and management (ERM) because of some of its unique features such as rapid setup and deployment on ad hoc basis, highly flexible platforms (PaaS: Platform as a Service) and application services (SaaS: Software as a Service) with little time-space constraints. ERM is one of the seven critical national infrastructures and services mandated to protect by the 1999 US President's Executive Order (PCCIP). The paradigm of survivability and survivable network systems was a response of academia to the president's executive order. We concur that survivability should be the lifeline of any ERM, including the cloud computing supported (CCS) ERM systems. In this article, we present a research agenda that is aimed at developing a survivability-centered architecture for evolving reliable and survivable CCS-ERM systems. The research agenda suggests that biological and computational evolutions should be rich sources of biological inspirations as well as powerful optimization algorithm for designing (evolving) the ERM systems. The proposed research agenda advocates the application of three-layer survivability analysis, dynamic hybrid fault models, and extended evolutionary game theory modeling developed by Ma & Krings [Ma & Krings (2008a-e, 2011), Ma et al. (2009a), Ma (2008, 2009, 2010, 2011a,b). We use banking system survivability as an example to illustrate the proposed research agenda.

关键词： Cloud Computing Emergency Response and management Reliability Survivability Three-Layer Survivability Analysis Extended Evolutionary Game Theory Dynamic Hybrid Fault Models Evolutionary Computing Cloud Computing survivability Legal Services Software as a service Optimization algorithms executive command EMERGENCY RESPONSE Emergency Services VT Griffin

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Erratum to: The whole genome sequence of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), reveals insights into the biology and adaptive evolution of a highly invasive pest species

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Genome biology 2017年第1期18卷 11页

作者： Alexie Papanicolaou Marc F Schetelig Peter Arensburger Peter W Atkinson Joshua B Benoit Kostas Bourtzis Pedro Castañera John P Cavanaugh Hsu Chao Christopher Childers Ingrid Curril Huyen Dinh HarshaVardhan Doddapaneni Amanda Dolan Shannon Dugan Markus Friedrich Giuliano Gasperi Scott Geib Georgios Georgakilas Richard A Gibbs Sarah D Giers Ludvik M Gomulski Miguel González-Guzmán Ana Guillem-Amat Yi Han Artemis G Hatzigeorgiou Pedro Hernández-Crespo Daniel S T Hughes Jeffery W Jones Dimitra Karagkouni Panagiota Koskinioti Sandra L Lee Anna R Malacrida Mosè Manni Kostas Mathiopoulos Angela Meccariello Monica Munoz-Torres Shwetha C Murali Terence D Murphy Donna M Muzny Georg Oberhofer Félix Ortego Maria D Paraskevopoulou Monica Poelchau Jiaxin Qu Martin Reczko Hugh M Robertson Andrew J Rosendale Andrew E Rosselot Giuseppe Saccone Marco Salvemini Grazia Savini Patrick Schreiner Francesca Scolari Paolo Siciliano Sheina B Sim George Tsiamis Enric Ureña Ioannis S Vlachos John H Werren Ernst A Wimmer Kim C Worley Antigone Zacharopoulou Stephen Richards Alfred M Handler Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Sydney Australia. Justus-Liebig-University Giessen Institute for Insect Biotechnology 35394 Giessen Germany. Department of Biological Sciences Cal Poly Pomona Pomona CA 91768 USA. Department of Entomology and Center for Disease Vector Research University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA. Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics Genomics & Bioinformatics University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA. Department of Biological Sciences University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA. Insect Pest Control Laboratory Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture Seibersdorf Vienna Austria. Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management University of Patras Agrinio Greece. Department of Environmental Biology Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas CSIC 28040 Madrid Spain. Human Genome Sequencing Center Department of Human and Molecular Genetics Baylor College of Medicine 77030 Houston TX USA. National Agricultural Library USDA 20705 Beltsville MD USA. Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie 37077 Göttingen Germany. Department of Biology University of Rochester 14627 Rochester NY USA. Department of Biological Sciences Wayne State University 48202 Detroit MI USA. Department of Biology and Biotechnology University of Pavia 27100 Pavia Italy. USDA-ARS Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center 96720 Hilo HI USA. DIANA-Lab Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Thessaly 382 21 Volos Greece and Hellenic Pasteur Institute 11521 Athens Greece. Department of Entomology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61801 Urbana IL USA. Department of Biological Sciences Oakland University 48309 Rochester MI USA. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of Thessaly Larissa Greece. Department of Biology Univer

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Author Correction: Long-term carbon sink in Borneo's forests halted by drought and vulnerable to edges

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Nature communications 2018年第1期9卷 342页

作者： Lan Qie Simon L Lewis Martin J P Sullivan Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez Georgia C Pickavance Terry Sunderland Peter Ashton Wannes Hubau Kamariah Abu Salim Shin-Ichiro Aiba Lindsay F Banin Nicholas Berry Francis Q Brearley David F R P Burslem Martin Dančák Stuart J Davies Gabriella Fredriksson Keith C Hamer Radim Hédl Lip Khoon Kho Kanehiro Kitayama Haruni Krisnawati Stanislav Lhota Yadvinder Malhi Colin Maycock Faizah Metali Edi Mirmanto Laszlo Nagy Reuben Nilus Robert Ong Colin A Pendry Axel Dalberg Poulsen Richard B Primack Ervan Rutishauser Ismayadi Samsoedin Bernaulus Saragih Plinio Sist J W Ferry Slik Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri Martin Svátek Sylvester Tan Aiyen Tjoa Mark van Nieuwstadt Ronald R E Vernimmen Ishak Yassir Petra Susan Kidd Muhammad Fitriadi Nur Khalish Hafizhah Ideris Rafizah Mat Serudin Layla Syaznie Abdullah Lim Muhammad Shahruney Saparudin Oliver L Phillips School of Geography University of Leeds LS2 9JT Leeds UK. qie.lan@***. Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus SL5 7PY Ascot UK. qie.lan@***. School of Geography University of Leeds LS2 9JT Leeds UK. Department of Geography University College London WC1E 6BT London UK. Center for International Forestry Research Jl. CIFOR Situ Gede 16115 Bogor (Barat) Indonesia. School of Environmental and Marine Science James Cook University 1 James Cook Dr Townsville City QLD 4811 Australia. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University 22 Divinity Avenue Cambridge MA 02138 USA. Laboratory for wood Biology and Xylarium Royal Museum for Central Africa Leuvensesteenweg 13 3080 Tervuren Belgium. Environmental and Life Sciences Programme Faculty of Science Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link BE1410 Gadong Brunei Darussalam. Graduate School of Science and Engineering Kagoshima University 890-0065 Kagoshima Japan. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology EH26 0QB Penicuik UK. Bioclimate Thorn House 5 Rose Street EH2 2PR Edinburgh UK. School of Science and the Environment Manchester Metropolitan University Chester Street M1 5GD Manchester UK. School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Cruickshank Building St Machar Drive AB24 3UU Aberdeen UK. Department of Ecology & Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science Palacký University in Olomouc Šlechtitelů 27 CZ-78371 Olomouc Czech Republic. Center for Tropical Forest Science-Forest Global Earth Observatory Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Washington DC 20013 USA. Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore. Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam 1012 WX Amsterdam The Netherlands. Pro Natura Foundation Jl. Jend. Sudirman No. 37 76112 Balikpapan Indonesia. Pan Eco SOCP Jl. Wahid Hasyim No. 51/74 20154 Medan Indonesia. School o

The original version of this Article contained an error in the third sentence of the abstract and incorrectly read "Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha year (95% CI 0.14-0.72, mean period 1988-2010) above-ground live biomass", rather than the correct "Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha year (95% CI 0.14-0.72, mean period 1988-2010) in above-ground live biomass carbon". This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

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Fungal diversity notes 253-366:taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa

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Fungal Diversity 2016年第3期78卷 1-237页

作者： Guo Jie Li Kevin D.Hyde Rui Lin Zhao Sinang Hongsanan Faten Awad Abdel-Aziz Mohamed A.Abdel-Wahab Pablo Alvarado Genivaldo Alves-Silva Joseph F.Ammirati Hiran A.Ariyawansa Abhishek Baghela Ali Hassan Bahkali Michael Beug D.Jayarama Bhat Dimitar Bojantchev Thitiya Boonpratuang Timur S.Bulgakov Erio Camporesi Marcela CBoro Oldriska Ceska Dyutiparna Chakraborty Jia Jia Chen K.W.Thilini Chethana Putarak Chomnunti Giovanni Consiglio Bao Kai Cui Dong Qin Dai Yu Cheng Dai Dinushani A.Daranagama Kanad Das Monika C.Dayarathne Eske De Crop Rafael J.V.De Oliveira Carlos Alberto Fragoso de Souza JoséIde Souza Bryn T.M.Dentinger Asha J.Dissanayake Mingkwan Doilom E.Ricardo Drechsler-Santos Masoomeh Ghobad-Nejhad Sean P.Gilmore Aristóteles Góes-Neto MichałGorczak Charles H.Haitjema Kalani Kanchana Hapuarachchi Akira Hashimoto Mao Qiang He John K.Henske Kazuyuki Hirayama Maria J.Iribarren Subashini C.Jayasiri Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Sun Jeong Jeon Gustavo H.Jerônimo Ana L.Jesus E.B.Gareth Jones Ji Chuan Kang Samantha C.Karunarathna Paul M.Kirk Sirinapa Konta Eric Kuhnert Ewald Langer Haeng Sub Lee Hyang Burm Lee Wen Jing Li Xing Hong Li Kare Liimatainen Diogo Xavier Lima Chuan Gen Lin Jian Kui Liu Xings Zhong Liu Zuo Yi Liu J.Jennifer Luangsa-ard Robert Lücking H.Thorsten Lumbsch Saisamorn Lumyong Eduardo M.Leaño Agostina V.Marano Misato Matsumura Eric H.C.McKenzie Suchada Mongkolsamrit Peter E.Mortimer Thi Thuong Thuong Nguyen Tuula Niskanen Chada Norphanphoun Michelle A.O’Malley Sittiporn Parnmen Julia Pawłowska Rekhani H.Perera Rungtiwa Phookamsak Chayanard Phukhamsakda Carmen L.A.Pires-Zottarelli Olivier Raspé Mateus A.Reck Sarah C.O.Rocha AndréL.C.M.Ade Santiago Indunil C.Senanayake Ledo Setti Qiu Ju Shang Sanjay K.Singh Esteban B.Sir Kevin V.Solomon Jie Song Prasert Srikitikulchai Marc Stadler Satinee Suetrong Hayato Takahashi Takumasa Takahashi Kazuaki Tanaka Li Ping Tang Kasun M.Thambugala Donnaya Thanakitpipattana Michael K.Theodorou Benjarong Thongbai Tuksaporn Thummarukcharoen Qing Tian Saowaluck Tibpromma Annemieke State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesNo 31st West Beichen RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohag 82524Egypt ALVALAB C/La Rochela nº47E-39012 SantanderSpain Micolab Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de FungosAlgas e PlantasDepartamento de BotânicaUniversidade Federal de Santa CatarinaCampus Universitário TrindadeCEP:88040-900 FlorianópolisSanta CatarinaBrazil Department of Biology University of WashingtonBox 351800SeattleWA 98195-1800USA Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006GuizhouPeople’s Republic of China National Fungal Culture Collection of India(NFCCI) Biodiversity and Palaeobiology GroupMACS’Agharkar Research InstituteG.G.Agarkar RoadPune 411004India PO Box 116 HusumWA 98623-0116USA Formerly Department of BotanyGoa UniversityGoaIndia No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaP.O.Goa Velha 403108India *** 345 Shipwatch LaneHerculesCA 94547USA Microbe Interaction Laboratory(BMIT) BIOTECNational Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)113 Thailand Science ParkThanon PhahonyothinTombon Khlong NuengAmphoeKhlong LuangPathum Thani 12120Thailand Academy of Biology and Biotechnology Southern Federal UniversityRostov-on-Don 344090Rostov regionRussia A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese BAntonio“Cicognani” Via Roma Forlì Italy 18 A.M.B.Circolo Micologico“Giovanni Carini”C.P.314BresciaItaly Societàper gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.144Bagnacavallo

Notes on 113 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper,including 11 new genera,89 new species,one new subspecies,three new combinations and seven reference *** geographic and taxonomic range of fungal taxa are *** the Ascomycota the new genera Angustospora(Testudinaceae),Camporesia(Xylariaceae),Clematidis,Crassiparies(Pleosporales genera incertae sedis),Farasanispora,Longiostiolum(Pleosporales genera incertae sedis),Multilocularia(Parabambusicolaceae),Neophaeocryptopus(Dothideaceae),Parameliola(Pleosporales genera incertae sedis),and Towyspora(Lentitheciaceae)are *** introduced species are Angustospora nilensis,Aniptodera aquibella,Annulohypoxylon albidiscum,Astrocystis thailandica,Camporesia sambuci,Clematidis italica,Colletotrichum menispermi,***,Comoclathris pimpinellae,Crassiparies quadrisporus,Cytospora salicicola,Diatrype thailandica,Dothiorella rhamni,Durotheca macrostroma,Farasanispora avicenniae,Halorosellinia rhizophorae,Humicola koreana,Hypoxylon lilloi,Kirschsteiniothelia tectonae,Lindgomyces okinawaensis,Longiostiolum tectonae,Lophiostoma pseudoarmatisporum,Moelleriella phukhiaoensis,***,Mucoharknessia anthoxanthi,Multilocularia bambusae,Multiseptospora thysanolaenae,Neophaeocryptopus cytisi,Ocellularia arachchigei,***,Ochronectria thailandica,Ophiocordyceps karstii,Parameliola acaciae,***,Parastagonospora cumpignensis,Pseudodidymosphaeria phlei,Polyplosphaeria thailandica,Pseudolachnella brevifusiformis,Psiloglonium macrosporum,Rhabdodiscus albodenticulatus,Rosellinia chiangmaiensis,Saccothecium rubi,Seimatosporium pseudocornii,***,Sigarispora ononidis and Towyspora *** combinations are provided for Eutiarosporella dactylidis(sexual morph described and illus trated)and Pseudocamarosporium ***,illustrations and/or reference specimens are designated for Aposphaeria corallinolutea,Cryptovalsa ampelina,Dothiorella vidmadera,Ophiocordyceps formosana,P

关键词： Ascomycota Basidiomycota Neocallimastigomycota Oomycota.Zygomycota Phylogeny Taxonomy New genus New species

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Amorphous silicon solar cells using metallic fishnet nanostructures simultaneously for Schottky contact and plasmonics enhancement

Amorphous silicon solar cells using metallic fishnet nanostr...

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39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, PVSC 2013

作者： Huang, Liang Deng, Huixu Pham, Thach Young, Matthew Naseem, Hameed Abu-Safe, Husam Hamza Yang, Xiaodong Yu, Shui-Qing Arkansas GREEN Research Center for Solar Cells Department of Electrical Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville AK 72701 United States Program of Microelectronics and Photonics University of Arkansas Fayetteville AK 72701 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO 65409 United States German-Jordanian University School of Natural Resources Engineering and Management Madaba Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479932993

In this paper, an a-Si solar cell using metallic fishnet nanostructures simultaneously as Schottky contact and light trapping structures is presented. The photogenerated carrier could be collected more efficiently when the metal line spacing is engineered to be less than minority carrier diffusion length. Since no heavily doped regions are used in the device, the Shockley-Read-Hall recombination saturation current density could be two orders of magnitude lower than that of p-i-n a-Si solar cell, which will substantially reduce the device loss. The fishnet structure design is optimized through numerical simulation. Improved light absorption inside intrinsic a-Si layer is observed, especially at the wavelength of 632 nm. The detailed device fabrication results are presented. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Amorphous silicon

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Divergent apparent temperature sensitivity of terrestrial ecosystem respiration

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第5期7卷 419-428页

作者： Bing Song Shuli Niu Ruisen Luo Yiqi Luo Jiquan Chen Guirui Yu Janusz Olejnik Georg Wohlfahrt Gerard Kiely Asko Noormets Leonardo Montagnani Alessandro Cescatti Vincenzo Magliulo Beverly Elizabeth Law Magnus Lund Andrej Varlagin Antonio Raschi Matthias Peichl Mats BNilsson Lutz Merbold Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China Department of Botany and Microbiology University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA CGCEO/Geography Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48864USA Meteorology Department Poznan University of Life Sciences(PULS)Poznan 60-667Poland Department of Matter and Energy Fluxes Global Change Research CenterAS CRv.v.i.BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Ecology University of InnsbruckSternwartestr 15Innsbruck 6020Austria Civil and Environmental Engineering Department University College CorkCorkIreland North Carolina State University/USDA Forest Service Southern Global Change ProgramRaleighNC 27606USA Servizi Forestali Agenzia per l’AmbienteProvinciaAutonoma di BolzanoBolzano 39100Italy Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of BolzanoPiazza Università1Bolzano 39100Italy European Commission Joint Research CenterInstitute for Environment and SustainabilityIspraItaly Institute of Forest and Agricultural Mediterranean Ecosystems-CNR ISAFoM Via Patacca85Ercolano(Napoli)Italy College of Forestry Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331-2209USA Department of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityFrederiksborgvejRoskilde 4000Denmark A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesLenisky pr.33 Moscow119071Russia CNR-Instituto di Biometeorologia(IBIMET) Via Giovanni Caproni 8Firenze 50145Italy Department of Forest Ecology&Management Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeå90183Sweden ETH Zurich Institute for Agricultural Sciences(IAS)Grassland Sciences GroupLFWC55.2Universitätstrasse 2Zurich 8092Switzerland

Aims Recent studies revealed convergent temperature sensitivity of ecosys-tem respiration(Re)within aquatic ecosystems and between terrestrial and aquatic *** do not know yet whether various terres-trial ecosystems have consistent or divergent temperature ***,we synthesized 163 eddy covariance flux sites across the world and examined the global variation of the apparent activation energy(Ea),which characterizes the apparent temperature sensitivity of and its interannual variability(IAV)as well as their controlling *** We used carbon fluxes and meteorological data across FLUXNET sites to calculate mean annual temperature,tempera-ture range,precipitation,global radiation,potential radiation,gross primary productivity and Re by averaging the daily values over the years in each ***,we analyzed the sites with>8 years data to examine the IAV of Ea and calculated the standard deviation of Ea across years at each site to character-ize *** Findings The results showed a widely global variation of Ea,with significantly lower values in the tropical and subtropical areas than in temperate and boreal areas,and significantly higher values in grasslands and wetlands than that in deciduous broadleaf forests and evergreen ***,spatial variations of Ea were explained by changes in temperature and an index of water availability with differing contribution of each explaining variable among climate zones and *** and the corresponding coefficient of variation of Ea decreased with increasing latitude,but increased with radiation and corresponding mean annual *** revealed patterns in the spatial and temporal variations of Ea and its controlling factors indicate divergent temperature sensitivity of Re,which could help to improve our predictive understanding of Re in response to climate change.

关键词： activation energy ecosystem respiration index of water availability interannual variability gross primary productivity

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Moving beyond the Udorthent—A Proposed Protocol for Assessing Urban Soils to Service Data Needs for Contemporary Urban Ecosystem management

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Soil Horizons 2015年第1期52卷

作者： W.D. Shuster A. Barkasi P. Clark S. Dadio P. Drohan B. Furio T. Gerber T. Houser A. Kelty R. Losco K. Reinbold J. Shaffer J. Wander Research Hydrologist USEPA Off. of Res. & Development Natl. Risk Management Res. Lab. Sustainable Environments Branch ML498 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr. Cincinnati OH 45268 Principal CEDARVILLE Engineering Group LLC 1094 Laurelwood Rd. Pottstown PA 19465 Physical Scientist USEPA Off. of Res. & Development Natl. Risk Management Lab. Soils and Sediment Management Branch 26 W. Martin Luther king Dr. Cincinnati OH 45268 Senior Environmental Scientist T&M Assoc. 513 Buttonwood St. Perkasie PA 18944 Asst. Prof. of Pedology 452 Agric. Sciences & Industries Bldg. Pennsylvania State Univ. University Park PA 16802 Section Chief Cleveland Off. Off. of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance USEPA Region 5 25089 Center Ridge Rd. ME-W Westlake OH Administrator Ohio Dep. of Natural Resources Div of Soil & Water Resour. Soil Inventory and Evaluation Section 2045 Morse Rd. Columbus OH 43229 Storm Water Program Manager Cuyahoga Soil and Water Conservation Dist. 6100 West Canal Rd. Valley View OH 44125 Environmental Scientist Pegasus Technical Services 46 E. Hollister St Cincinnati OH 45219-1704 Soil Scientist Lanchester Soil Consultants 311 East Avondale Rd. West Grove PA 19390 Ohio EPA Div. Emergency & Remedial Response Site Investigation Field Unit 4675 Homer Ohio Ln. Groveport OH Environmental Scientist on-site contractor to the USEPA

County-level, Order 2 soil surveys have been used for decades to illustrate the spatial distribution of soils and communicate the utility and limitations of soil series. For the vast majority of these soil surveys, however, there is a distinct lack of resolution of soil series and associated data for urban or highly developed areas of the United States. Yet, with unprecedented vacancy and demolitions in major U.S. cities, the availability of large tracts of open and relatively inexpensive urban land suggests that there are many prospects for using these soils for something other than redevelopment. Therefore, current public interests center on how urban soils may be used to provide a myriad of ecosystem services. Due to the different emphasis, data needs are different than for past soil surveys and we therefore suggest an approach and protocol that was employed in Cleveland, OH in 2010. This work is centered on the possibility of using vacant land mass to infiltrate and otherwise absorb excess stormwater runoff quantity as a sustainable and putatively cost-effective way of managing combined sewer overflows (CSO). We examined a sample set of 56 vacant lots and 14 city parks or cemeteries located in the drainage areas of relatively small-volume, high frequency CSOs. This paper details the survey approach rationale, methods, and level of effort required and presents a case study. Overall, this work is submitted as a proposal to the soil survey community for a soil survey protocol aimed at servicing emergent environmental management data needs in urban core areas of the United States.

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Nucleation-Step Study of Silicon Homoepitaxy for Low-Temperature Fabrication of Si Solar Cells

Nucleation-Step Study of Silicon Homoepitaxy for Low-Tempera...

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IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference

作者： Aboozar Mosleh Seyed Amir Ghetmiri Benjamin R. Conley Husam Abu-Safe Zafar Waqar Mourad Benamara Shui-Qing Yu Hameed A. Naseem MicroElectronics-Photonics Program University of Arkansas German-Jordanian University School of Natural Resources Engineering and Management Electrical Engineering Department University of Arkansas Institute for Nano Science and Engineering University of Arkansas Arkansas GREEN Research Center for Solar Cells University of Arkansas

ISBN: (纸本)9781479933006

Smooth nucleation of silicon has been achieved as a critical step in epitaxial growth process using ultra high vacuum chemical vapor deposition system at 250℃. Proper conditions were achieved by studying the effect of key nucleation parameters such as plasma power, hydrogen dilution and deposition temperature. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy has been employed to study rough nucleation condition in order to achieve perfect nucleation step, which resulted in high quality epilayers.

关键词： Epitaxial layers Crystalline materials Silicon

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