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Production and characterization of polymeric nanocomposite foams based on starch and cellulose nanofibers from oil palm mesocarp fiber

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Applied Nanoscience (Switzerland) 2025年第2期15卷 1-11页

作者： Souza, Mariana Costa Gonçalves, Ana Paula Bispo da Silva Oliveira, Emanoel Igor dos Santos, Juscivaldo Passos Lazzari, Lídia Kunz Zattera, Ademir José José, Nadia Mamede Chemical Engineering Graduate Program Polytechnic School Federal University of Bahia Bahia Salvador Brazil Department of Education Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology Feira de Santana Bahia Brazil Postgraduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies University of Caxias Do Sul Rio Grande Do Sul Caxias Do Sul Brazil

The demand for sustainable and eco-friendly materials has promoted studies over the years to explore different polymeric materials that meet requirements such as biodegradability and sustainability. In this context, biopolymer materials based on cellulose nanoparticles and starch from different botanical sources have been investigated, aiming to achieve satisfactory performance. The present study aims to develop and characterize cassava starch foams based on density, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and three-point flexure tests, and to evaluate the effect of cellulose nanofibers obtained from palm mesocarp fibers using the ultrafine friction grinding method after different processing times, characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), microscopy, and chemical composition, as a reinforcing filler. The chemical composition and scanning electron microscopy revealed the effectiveness of the cellulose isolation process, with the analysis of the chemical composition revealing a cellulose content of 55.70% in the fibers after pulping and bleaching, in addition to changes in the visual characteristics of the material after the process aimed at isolating the cellulose. After grinding, XRD showed an increase in crystallinity (76.1% at the maximum grinding time), along with typical microscopy images of cellulose nanofibers. The analysis of the obtained nanocomposites provided insights into the role of these nanostructures in the thermo-expanded starch matrix, indicating that the nanofibers promoted changes such as an increase in mechanical properties and crystallinity, which contributed to improving overall mechanical performance. A 67.48% increase in flexural strength was achieved for the formulation with cellulose nanofibers that underwent 150 min of grinding, without causing major variations in density. © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2025.

关键词： Starch

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Evaluation of the Use of Pyrolysis Oil from Municipal Solid Waste in the Germination and Development of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa), Biochemical Properties, and Level of Contaminants

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ACS Omega 2025年第24期10卷 25263-25270页

作者： Rafaela Meneguzzo Wendel Paulo Silvestre Marcelo Godinho Gabriel Fernandes Pauletti Postgraduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies (PGEPROTEC) University of Caxias do Sul Caxias do Sul 95070-560 Rio Grande do Sul Brazil

Pyrolysis oil, one of the products of the pyrolysis process of different wastes, due to its diverse chemical composition, may have biological activity of interest for agricultural areas. However, the safety of using these products must be adequately evaluated to verify the applicability of pyrolysis oil from municipal solid waste (MSW) on agricultural crops. This study carried out the quantitative chemical characterization of MSW pyrolysis oil and evaluated the germination inhibition potential of this material on lettuce seeds in a laboratory test carried out at the concentrations of zero (control), 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% v/v. Moreover, the pyrolysis oil was sprayed on lettuce plants, with a weekly application of pyrolysis oil for 4 weeks, at concentrations of zero (control), 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% v/v, and the plants’ growth was assessed. The main constituents identified in MSW pyrolysis oil were hydrocarbons, phenols, esters, amides, and organic acids. The pyrolysis oil showed satisfactory germination control with increasing concentrations, did not cause toxicity effects in plants, and did not cause significant changes in the levels of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in plant tissue. The levels of heavy metals remained within the maximum limits established by legislation for fresh food. The pyrolysis oil from municipal solid waste showed promising results in the exploratory tests, demonstrating its suitability for studies and its use within the agricultural sector.

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Bacterial Cellulose Films for Biodegradable Packaging with Essential Oils

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Macromolecular Symposia 2024年第6期413卷

作者： Teixeira, Stefani Regina Zibetti Garcia, Michele Cristina Formolo Silva, Denise Abati Kasper Kurek, Ana Paula Schneider, AndréaLima dosSantos Pezzin, Ana Paula Testa Postgraduate Program in Process Engineering University of the Joinville Region – UNIVILLE SC Joinville89219-710 Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Joinville Region – UNIVILLE SC Joinville89219-710 Brazil

Petrochemical polymers provide most packaging materials in the food industry and cause environmental problems due to their non-biodegradability. Developing biodegradable polymers with additives is a strategy, and bacterial cellulose (BC) presents favorable properties for this application. This work aims to evaluate the effect of essential oils (EOs) of clove, cinnamon, basil, and oregano as additives in BC matrix for application in food packaging. BC membranes are synthesized by the bacteria Komagataeibacter hansenii and incorporated into EOs using ethanol as a solvent. The membranes are characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), antibacterial activity, and soil biodegradation. Furthermore, the samples are also tested for their antifungal potential on the surface of bread slices. FTIR analyses confirm the incorporation of EOs into BC membranes. TGA analysis indicates a slight increase in thermal stability for the incorporated samples. All samples show antibacterial potential, except BC, incorporated with the essential basil oil. The fungal analysis is performed by visually evaluating the appearance of filamentous fungi on the surface of the bread pieces. Soil biodegradation tests demonstrate mass loss for all membranes. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Cellulose

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Bacterial Cellulose Membranes Incorporated with Lipase for Oil Degradation

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Macromolecular Symposia 2024年第6期413卷

作者： Silveira, Victória Fonseca da Silva, Victória Mendes Junior, Sandro Rogério Kumineck Garcia, Michele Cristina Formolo Pezzin, Ana Paula Testa de Oliveira, Therezinha Maria Novais Schneider, Andrea Lima dos Santos Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE Santa Catarina Joinville89219-710 Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE Santa Catarina Joinville89219-710 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Process Engineering University of Joinville Region – UNIVILLE Santa Catarina Joinville89219-710 Brazil

The immobilization of enzymes increases their stability and allows their reuse, and bacterial cellulose (BC) is a material that can be used in this technique. This work aims to produce an enzymatic product to degrade oils and fats using BC as a matrix. Komagataeibacter hansenii bacteria produce BC membranes, and lipase is immobilized on the membranes by ex situ method. Then, the surface of the membranes is modified with zein, a hydrophobic corn protein. The membranes are characterized by TGA, FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and oil degradation test. TGA demonstrates higher stability for the membranes with lipase and zein. The FTIR spectrum of pure BC membrane and zein-modified membrane are very similar because of the high zein coating. SEM analysis shows that zein-modified membranes with lipase present smaller amounts of pores. Finally, using soy oil, lipase degrades oil even after immobilization during the degradation test. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Nafion membranes

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Biosorption of chromium by live and dead cells of Bacillus nitratireducens isolated from textile effluent

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Chemosphere 2024年 359卷 142389页

作者： Imron, Muhammad Fauzul Setiawan, Wahyu Putranto, Trisnadi Widyaleksono Catur Abdullah, Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Kurniawan, Setyo Budi Study Program of Environmental Engineering Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Campus C UNAIR Jalan Mulyorejo Surabaya60115 Indonesia Department of Water Management Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Stevinweg 1 CN Delft2628 Netherlands Study Program of Environmental Science Postgraduate Program Sriwijaya University Palembang30139 Indonesia Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM Bangi Selangor 43600 Malaysia

Bacillus nitratireducens was isolated from textile effluent and showed high tolerance to chromium (Cr), reaching up to a 1000 mg/L MIC value. This research was aimed at utilizing biosorbents from live and dead cells of B. nitratireducens to remove Cr from an aqueous solution. A batch biosorption test was performed, and mechanisms analysis was approached by an adsorption-desorption test, SEM-EDS, and FTIR analysis. Cr removal by dead cells in 25, 50, and 100 mg/L of Cr were 58.99 ± 0.7%, 69.8 ± 0.2%, and 82.87 ± 0.11%, respectively, while that by live cells was 73.08 ± 1.9%, 80.27 ± 6.33%, and 86.17 ± 1.93%, respectively. Live cells showed significantly higher Cr removal and adsorption capacities as compared to dead cells. In all concentrations, absorption contributed more than adsorption to the Cr removal by both live and dead cells. Absorption of Cr was subjected to occur due to passive mechanisms in dead cells while involving some active mechanisms in live cells. SEM-EDS confirmed the detection of Cr on the cell surface, while FTIR revealed the shifting of some peaks after the biosorption test, suggesting interactions between Cr and functional groups. Further TEM analysis is suggested to be conducted as a future approach to reveal the inner structure of cells and confirm the involvement of absorption mechanisms. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Heavy metals

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Development of Bacterial Cellulose Membranes Incorporated with Plant Extracts

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Macromolecular Symposia 2022年第1期406卷

作者： Neves, Eduarda Zeni Kumineck Junior, Sandro Rogério Katrucha, Graziéli Paulino Silveira, Victória Fonseca Silveira, Márcia Luciane Lange Pezzin, Ana Paula Testa Schneider, Andréa Lima dos Santos Garcia, Michele Cristina Formolo Apati, Giannini Pasiznick Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Joinville Region – UNIVILLE SC Joinville89219-710 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Process Engineering University of the Joinville Region – UNIVILLE SC Joinville89219-710 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Environment and Health University of the Joinville Region – UNIVILLE SC Joinville89219-710 Brazil

A new generation of functional healing membranes has been researched to avoid infection and improve wound healing, combining wound moisture maintenance properties, exudate removal, antimicrobial activity, and the absence of side effects. Thus, this work aims to synthesize wound dressing membranes of bacterial cellulose (BC) incorporated with different plant extracts with antimicrobial properties. The BC membranes are synthesized by the bacterium Komagataeibacter hansenii and are associated with the extracts through the ex situ incorporation technique. The barbatimão extract presents the most significant total phenolic content and antimicrobial activity of the extracts researched. The determination of tannins and flavonoids confirms the extracts’ incorporation into the samples’ structure. The thermogravimetric analysis of the membranes incorporated with the extracts shows a reduction in the thermal stability relative to BC. The results show a good final extract for developing healing membranes with antimicrobial properties. © 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Membranes

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Effect of Lyophilized Peach Incorporation on Yam Cookies Quality: Oxidative Stability, Nutritional Potential and Antioxidant Properties

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Carpes, Solange Teresinha Souza da Silva, Letícia Perin, Ellen Cristina Fontoura, Bruno Henrique Pereira, Edimir Andrade de Camargo, Robson Rosa Bianchin, Mirelli de Oliveira, Jonas Cardoso Citadin, Idemir Department of Chemistry Postgraduate Program in Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology Federal Technological University of Paraná campus Pato Branco PO Box 571 PR Pato BrancoCEP 85503-390 Brazil Department of Agronomy Postgraduate Program in Agronomy Federal Technological University of Paraná campus Pato Branco PO Box 571 PR Pato BrancoCEP 85503-390 Brazil Department of Chemistry Postgraduate Program in Chemical State University of Maringá Av. Colombo 5790 - Zona 7 PR Maringá87020-900 Brazil Department of Food Engineering Federal Technological University of Paraná campus Francisco Beltrão Linha Santa Bárbara s/n PR Francisco Beltrão85601-970 Brazil

This study aimed to increase oxidative stability and enhance yam flour cookies' nutritional and antioxidant properties by incorporating lyophilized peach (LP). The cookies were subjected to two storage conditions: one with exposure to light and one in darkness for 60 days at room temperature. Four formulations were tested: a control (F1), F2 and F3 with 10% and 20% LP, respectively, and F4 with a synthetic antioxidant (SA). The cookies were a good source of protein and fiber. The incorporation of LP into yam cookies exhibited a strong antioxidative effect. Besides, the F3 shows oxidative stability comparable to the SA (F4), measured by TBARS values, under both storage conditions. However, light exposure influenced the retention of phenolics with antioxidant activity, with higher levels observed in cookies stored in darkness. The LP effectively inhibited oxidative processes, demonstrating its potential as an alternative to SA for improving the oxidative stability of yam cookies. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fruits

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Electrocoagulation for Hospital Wastewater Treatment: Comparing Neural Network Models for Performance Simulation

Biomedical Materials and Devices

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Biomedical Materials and Devices 2025年 1-28页

作者： Indira, Dewi Muzayyanah, Fitri Fauzi, Rifky Simanjuntak, Wasinton Yandri, Yandri Rohman, Fakhrony Sholahudin Sudibyo, Sudibyo Rakesh, Benadict Maryani, Anis Tatik Wibowo, Yudha Gusti Doctoral Program of Environmental Science Department of Postgraduate Program Universitas Lampung Lampung Indonesia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Institut Teknologi Sumatera Lampung Selatan Indonesia Department of Chemistry Universitas Lampung Lampung Indonesia Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT) Research Institute of Sustainable Environment (RISE) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Johor Bahru Johor 81310 Malaysia Research Center for Mining Technology National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) South Lampung 35352 Indonesia Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Govt.of India Bhubaneswar India Postgraduate Program of Environmental Science Universitas Jambi Jambi Indonesia Department of Mining Engineering Faculty of Technologi Industry Institut Teknologi Sumatera Jl. Terusan Ryacudu Lampung Way Hui 35365 Indonesia Center for Green and Sustainable Materials Institut Teknologi Sumatera Lampung Indonesia

Hospital wastewater contains a complex mixture of pollutants, including biological, chemical, and pharmaceutical contaminants, which necessitates effective treatment strategies. This study investigates the efficiency of electrocoagulation for treating hospital wastewater while employing predictive modeling techniques, including feedforward neural networks (FFNN), neural Wiener (NW), neural Hammerstein (NH), and neural Hammerstein–Wiener (NHW) models. The electrocoagulation process was conducted using aluminum and carbon electrodes, with varying voltage levels (5 V, 10 V, and 15 V) and treatment durations (30, 60, 90, and 120 min). Key water quality parameters, including turbidity, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Escherichia coli, and coliform bacteria, were analyzed before and after treatment. Results demonstrated that increasing voltage and contact time significantly enhanced pollutant removal, with the highest removal efficiencies observed at 15 V and 120 min. Electrocoagulation effectively reduced turbidity, BOD, and COD levels while achieving substantial microbial inactivation. The predictive models successfully captured electrocoagulation dynamics, with the neural Hammerstein–Wiener model exhibiting the highest accuracy (root mean square error [RMSE]: 0.0399, weighted mean absolute percentage error [WMAPE]: 0.0665). These findings suggest that electrocoagulation, coupled with advanced modeling techniques, provides a sustainable and efficient hospital wastewater treatment approach. Future research should focus on optimizing operational parameters, integrating hybrid treatment methods, and developing real-time monitoring systems to enhance treatment efficiency and cost-effectiveness. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Electrocoagulation Hospital wastewater Neural modeling Wastewater treatment

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Evaluation of the use of pullulan films with the addition of organophilic clay in the post-harvest conservation of guavas

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Food Chemistry 2025年 491卷

作者： V.R.L. Oliveira E.F.C. Sérvulo Veronica Calado Postgraduate Program in Chemical and Biochemical Process Engineering Technology Center – School of Chemistry Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos Cidade Universitária Rio de Janeiro 21941-909 Brazil

Biopolymeric coatings are essential in food preservation, distribution, and marketing, offering a sustainable approach for postharvest quality maintenance. This study developed pullulan-based coatings (2 % w / v ) reinforced with organically modified clay (CTAB-Mt) at varying concentrations to improve barrier and mechanical properties. The formulation containing 10 % CTAB-Mt (P2BO10) showed significant enhancements in water vapor resistance and mechanical strength. Guavas coated with P2BO10 exhibited a reduced respiration rate, contributing to better retention of nutritional quality. Mechanical analysis revealed a 90 % increase in elasticity and over 75 % reduction in solubility, indicating improved resistance to moisture and environmental stress. Physicochemical and physiological evaluations confirmed that P2BO10 effectively preserved the quality of ‘Pedro Sato’ guavas during 15 days of storage at 14 ± 2 °C and 80 ± 2 % RH. The coating extended shelf life while maintaining key quality attributes, demonstrating its potential as an eco-friendly solution for postharvest fruit preservation.

关键词： Biopolymer Guava Organically modified clay Package Pullulan

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Drying Behavior and Thermodynamic Properties of Cashew Nut Almonds in Thin Layers: A Mathematical Modeling Approach

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Almeida, Rafaela Duarte Martins Duarte, Maria Elita Duarte da Costa, Maria Eduarda Martins Melo, Mylena Olga Pessoa Almeida, Renata Duarte Filho, Manoel Tolentino Leite Alves Martins, Jorge Jacó de Sousa, Severina Lúcio, Alexandre da Silva de Melo, Elói Duarte Leite Cavalcante Neto, Jonas Duarte Cavalcanti Mata, Mário Eduardo R.M. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Gestão dos Recursos Naturais Universidade Federal Campina Grande Av. Aprigio Veloso 882 Paraíba Campina Grande58429-900 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Process Engineering CCT Federal University of Campina Grande Campus I Av. Aprígio Veloso 882 Paraíba Campina Grande58429-900 Brazil Unidade Acadêmica Engenharia Alimentos Universidade Federal Campina Grande Av. Aprigio Veloso 882 Paraíba Campina Grande58429-900 Brazil Unidade Acadêmica Engenharia Química Universidade Federal Campina Grande Av. Aprigio Veloso 882 Paraíba Campina Grande58429-900 Brazil Instituto Nacional do Semi-árido Av. Francisco Lopes de Almeida 4000 Serrotão Paraíba Campina Grande58434-700 Brazil

Innovation in the drying process during the roasting of cashew nut almonds has the potential to significantly improve product quality. This study aimed to investigate the drying kinetics of the almond, comparing the experimental data with the mathematical models of Fick, Page, Cavalcanti Mata, and Henderson and Pabis. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Physical Measurements and Drying of the Academic Unit of Food engineering at the Federal University of Campina Grande. For drying, equipment with high air velocity and precise temperature control was used, operating at 120, 140, 160, and 180°C, with an air velocity of 3 m.s−1. Based on the drying kinetics parameters, the activation energy for each mathematical model and the thermodynamic properties of the process were determined. The Fick model, using six terms in the series and considering the cylindrical shape of the almond, along with the other models analyzed, showed a good fit to the experimental data. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Drying

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