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The Regional Deterrence Ship (RDS 2010) - A design for littoral warfare in the 2010 timeframe

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1996年第1期108卷 61-72页

作者： Calvano, CN Riedel, JS Professor Charles N. Calvano Capt. USN (Ret.): of the Naval Postgraduate School is responsible for a program in Total Ship Systems Engineering. He is a graduate of the Naval Academy who served as a surface warfare officer. After completion of his graduate education at MIT he became an Engineering Duty Officer and served at Boston Naval Shipyard in several capacities. He was the Repair Facilities Advisor to the Vietnamese Navy the Project Officer for construction of nuclear powered guided missile cruisers (CGNs) at the Supervisor of Shipbuilding Newport News Virginia and served on the staff of the Commander Naval Surface Forces U.S. Atlantic Fleet and later at the Supervisor of Shipbuilding in Portsmouth Virginia in maintenance and overhaul management positions. He was Officer in Charge of the Annapolis Laboratory of the David Taylor Research Center and Commanding Officer of the Engineering Duty Officer School. He retired from active duty in October 1991 after serving in the Naval Sea Systems Command as the Director of the Ship Design Group and of the Advanced Concepts and Technology Group. Lt. Jeffrey S. Riedel USN:is an Engineering Duty Officer currently assigned to the Supervisor of Shipbuilding Bath Maine. He obtained his B.S. degree in Marine Engineering from Maine Maritime Academy in 1986 and his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering plus a Mechanical Engineer's degree from the Naval Postgraduate School in 1993. Lt. Riedel's naval career has included duty aboaqrd USS Wainwright (CG 28) as auxiliaries officer damage control assistant and main machinery officer. Currently he serves as the assistant production officer at SUPSHIP Bath in charge of DDG 51 class construction and delivery.

This paper describes the design of a Regional Deterrence Ship (RDS 2010) for the 2010 timeframe. The requirements for the design were for a ship to operate in littoral areas of the world with a mission of deterring regional conflicts and of hampering the efforts of the aggressor in such a conflict. In addition the ship's mission included the evacuation of friendly personnel as hostilities become likely. The problem countering the littoral threat during times of constrained budgets is addressed. Top level requirements for the design, generated in parallel with ''.... From the Sea'' [1], were used to set the design goals. The paper describes the manner in which littoral warfare changes the nature of the challenges faced by Navy surface combatants, including a ship such as the RDS 2010. A number of factors become more crucial design concerns than for blue water ships, including reduced reaction times, likelihood of attack from hidden land sites, shallow water mines and shallow water USW Certain other factors become less critical in littoral areas and this also has ship design impacts. While some present ship designs can perform some of the tasks needed in a littoral warfare/regional conflict environment, none represents a completely integrated design (hull, mechanical & electrical;combat systems;fiscal and manning constraints;reduced vulnerability;robust self-defense etc.) for a vessel stationed in waters that, without warning, can become hostile. After describing the mission requirements to which the RDS 2010 was designed, the paper discusses the controlling design philosophy and decisions and describes the process used to assess threats to the ship. The process of combat system selection, against the backdrop of expected threat scenarios, is described and the intended approach to integration of the combat system is discussed. In recognition that decreased reaction times and surprise attacks are likely to threaten a ship engaged in regional deterrence, discussions oi

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NTDS - A PAGE IN NAVAL HISTORY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第3期100卷 53-61页

作者： SWENSON, EN MAHINSKE, EB STOUTENBURGH, JS Capt. Erick N. Swenson USNR (Ret.):is a project manager for special projects in the Surface Ship Systems Division Hughes Aircraft Company Fullerton Calif where he has been employed since his retirement from the U.S. Navy in 1975. Originally trained as an electronics technician during WWII in the Captain Eddy program he later received a BS degree in electrical engineering from the University of Rochester Rochester N. Y. in 1950. Subsequent engineering education was received at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Penn. and the Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif. After commissioning he was ordered to duty as the electronics division officer on the USSMissouri(BB-63) and electronics ships superintendent at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard San Francisco Calif. When the design of the Naval Tactical Data System began in the mid-1950s Lt. (j.g.) Swenson was ordered to the Bureau of Ships Navy Department Washington D.C. as the junior engineering duty only officer assigned to the project. From 1962 to 1965 LCdr. Swenson was assigned as the BuShips technical representative on the program at Remington Rand Univac St. Paul Minn. For the next ten years he returned to BuShips/NavSea/NAVSEC as the NTDS project officer. During this time the project expanded considerably foreign military sales were heavily involved and interoperability with other services and countries were established. His final effort on active duty was to instigate the redesign of the previousSpruanceclass destroyers into the newerAdmiral Kiddclass improvement program. He is a registered professional electrical engineer in the State of California listed inWho's Who in the Worldis a life member of ASNE and chairman of the Long Beach/Greater LA Section. Capt. Edmund B. Mahinske USN (Ret.):is an alumnus of the U.S. Naval Academy the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Harvard Business School. His technical background is in electronics and he specialized in the management of programs involving the application of comp

A little over thirty years ago, a group of naval engineers were assembled by the Bureau of Ships to develop a new system approach to the combat information center (CIC). The CIC of World War II, with its “grease pencil” plots and voice telling of tactical information from sensors and other ships, could no longer provide the timely, coordinated reaction to postwar threats. This project group led the Navy into the new world of large-scale, high-speed digital electronics and into a new mode of conducting naval warfare as well. There were no off-the-shelf computers of the requisite capability, size and reliability; what were available were monstrous vacuum tube computers. There were no display equipments that were “conversant” in both the digital language of the computer and the analog language of the sensors and the weapon systems. Who ever heard, at that time, of a computer running a tactical communication net automatically? It was hard enough to find sufficient numbers of engineers who knew what a digital computer was. This paper, by three naval engineers in the implementing engineering office, depicts the evolvement of the Naval Tactical Data Systems (NTDS) as they saw it. It discusses the problems that stemmed from the transition from the old world of analog into the new digital world, the system concepts that steered the development; the key decisions that were made; new electronic equipment and processes that became necessary; and the need of the mangagement to face the real world of deadlines, ship schedules and operational requirements.

关键词： NAVAL WARFARE

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THE MACHINERY ALTERATION program

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 138-145页

作者： CIERI, AM KENNEY, LH A.M. Cieri:is the program manager for the Machinery Alteration (MachAlt) Program at the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station (NAVSSES). Mr. Cieri also currently serves as the head Fleet Liaison Unit Atlantic at NAVSSES. He working with Mr. E.T. Kinney Deputy Director Machinery Group Ship Design and Engineering Directorate (SEA 56B) Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) conceived and structured the policy and procedures for the MachAlt Program in FY 83 as a result of a need identified by COMNAVSEA's ShipAlt Improvement Program. Mr. Cieri has been with the NAVSSES (formerly NAVSEC Philadelphia) organization since 1971. He served in the Hull and Deck Machinery Department before moving to his current staff position in 1982. His 23 years of federal service also includes nine years with the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in various assignments in both the planning and production departments. Mr. Cieri has been a member of ASNE since 1979. Mr. Cieri was the recipient of the Joseph Cacciola Technical Achievement Award at NAVSSES in 1984. USN CDR. L.H. Kenney USN:was commissioned out of the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps at Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received his bachelor of science. He holds a master's degree in electrical engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. He has served at the Philadelphia and Boston Naval Shipyards the headquarters of the Naval Sea Systems Command and its predecessor NAVSHIPS as staff officer to Commander Service Squadron Six in the Mediterranean in the USS Essex and with the Joint Military Assistance and Advisory Group Tehran. He is currently the director of Fleet Coordination Office at the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station in Philadelphia.

The ship alteration (ShipAlt) process does not lend itself to the rapid accomplishment of small scale design changes to improve equipment performance and reliability. It is a necessarily lengthy and complex system, designed to deal with very large and costly projects. With one document, it causes replacement or modification of major ship systems. For this reason, ShipAlts are subjected to many reviews and design changes so that the final product will materially enhance the fleet's operational capabilities. The competition for scarce resources has left the Navy with a large number of needed design changes with no programmatic means to accomplish them. Various Navy communities have developed procedures to address this problem. This paper will show how the Naval Sea Systems Command-sponsored machinery alteration (MachAlt) program addresses the small design change problem for hull, mechanical and electrical (HM&E) systems. MachAlts are design changes to equipments that do not require system interface changes and may be installed outside of industrial activities. The paper will discuss how the MachAlt concept was developed and will give a status report and assessment of the program to date.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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CARRIER COMBAT ENDURANCE AND REPLENISHMENT REQUIREMENTS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1977年第1期89卷 39-46页

作者： SMITH, CR FOSTER, RE USN Capt. Charles R. Smith Jr. USN:graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1949. He completed his flight training in 1951 and first served in Composite Squadron 33 on board Atlantic and Pacific Fleet aircraft carriers until 1954. He then attended the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School in Aeronautical Engineering and was awarded his Masters degree in SM Aero-Weapons Systems by Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1957 at which time he was ordered to Heavy Attack Squadron ONE embarked in Atlantic ‘Fleet aircraft carriers. He graduated from the Naval War College Command and Staff Course in 1961 and subsequently sensed on the Staff U.S. Naval Safety Center arid was Operations Officer. Executive Officer and Commanding Officer of Heavy Attack Squadron SIX and Reconnaissance Attack Squadron THREE. From 1968 until 1970 he was Executive Officer of the USS John F. Kennedy (CVA-67) when the ship was commissioned and first deployed followed by duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OPNA V) where he served under the Director of Fleet Operations until 1971. Capt. Smith commanded the Fast Combat Support Ship USS Detroit (AOE-4) during her first deployment was Commanding Officer. USS Independence (CV-62): and later returned to OPNAV where he was the Deputy Director of the Aircraft Carrier Programs an assignment which he held until August 1976 when he assumed his present duties as Chief Navy Section MAAG. Greece. Capt. Richard E. Foster USN (Ret.):has been affiliated with Wheeler Industries. Inc. us Program Manager since 1968 when he retired from the U.S. Navy. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy with the Class of 1941 and later attended the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School in Engineering Design. He served at sea as Electrical Officer in the USS Pennsylvania and as Engineer Officer in the USS Indiana and the aircraft carrier USS Wright. His three tours of duty in the Bureau of Ships included the Interior Communication and Fire Control Branch the Machinery Design Division and as Administrative Assistant

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COST-ANALYSIS OF OPTIONAL METHODS OF SHIPBOARD DOMESTIC WASTE-DISPOSAL

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1973年第1期85卷 86-92页

作者： PIERSALL, CH BORGSTRO.RE USN CDR Charles H. Piersall Jr.USN graduated from the New York State Maritime College in 1956 with the Bachelor of Marine Engineer's Degree. He was designated Engineering Duty Officer (1400) in June 1958 and has had numerous engineering and industrial tours of duty. He has a Master's Degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School (1965) and a Master's Degree in Business Administration (Systems Analysis) from the Defense Systems Analysis Program University of Rochester (1970). Upon completion of the latter he was ordered to The Center for Naval Analyses where he served as a cost analyst and shipbuilding/ship repair consultant. Additionally he was Project Officer for the Navy and the Environment Study. His present assignment is Director of Production Test and Integrated Logistic Support—LHA Project Naval Ship Systems Command. He is President of the CNA Sigma Xi Club and is active in the American Society of Naval Engineers. He has published articles in theASME Journal for PowertheJournal of the American Water Works Associationand theNaval Engineers Journal. Mr. Robert E. Borgstrom was graduated from the California State University at Northridge with a B.A. (1969) and an M.A. (1970) in Geography. He was Manager of Programming Services at the Laboratory for the Quantitative Analysis of Environmental and Spatial Systems and is presently with the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations assigned to the Center for Naval Analyses where his work has included studies of the Navy's program for environmental protection.

The problem of sewage and waste disposal from U. S. Navy ships is recognized by the highest authorities in the Navy. Many activities and individuals are deeply involved in the total problem and its numerous subcategories. The problem of costs of disposal is one of these. This paper discusses four optional methods for the disposal of shipboard domestic wastes. The annualized investment and operating costs associated with the implementation of each of the options are presented. The model considers non-nuclear, sea-going surface ships with a manning level greater than 50 men. Estimates were developed on a per ship per class basis and aggregated for the total surface fleet. This approach permits the inevstigation of different combinations of the options by merely specifying the number and type of ships to be considered in any option. Changes in military effectiveness, which is at least an equally important problem as costing, were not addressed.

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MARINE APPLICATIONS OF PLASTICS

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Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 1960年第4期72卷 609-622页

作者： OWEN, T.B. ALFERS, J.B. USN Captain Owen was commissioned in the Navy in 1940 upon graduation from the University of Washington where he received a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemical Engineering. After four years of service afloat during World War II and a brief tour in the Bureau of Naval Personnel he participated in the Navy officers' postgraduate training program. In 1950 he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physical Chemistry at Cornell University. After a year's work at the University of Amsterdam he was designated as an Engineering Duty Officer. He then returned to the United States for duty in the Naval Sciences Division of the Office of Naval Research. He was then transferred to the Long Beach Naval Shipyard where he served successively as Assistant Repair Superintendent and Production Control Superintendent. At the conclusion of this tour he was assigned to the Bureau of Ships as Head of the Materials Development Branch. He is now Director Applied Science Division of the Bureau. Captain Owen holds the Silver Star Medal Bronze Star Medal the Navy Unit Commendation and other area service awards. He is a member of the American Chemical Society Tau Beta Pi and Sigma Xi. Mr. Alfers graduated from Kansas State University with a degree in Electrical Engineering. He worked for several years with the Rural Electrification Administration on operation and maintenance of Rural Electric distribution systems. For the past 18 years he has worked in research and development and standardization of plastic and dielectric materials for the Bureau of Ships. At the present time he is Acting Head of the Section for Polymers Fibers and Packaging of the Material Development Branch. Mr. Alfers recently received a Master's degree in Engineering Administration from George Washington University. He has received the Distinguished Civilian Service Award from the Secretary of the Navy and the Executive Award from the Reinforced Plastics Division of the Society of the Plastics Industry. He is a member of the Society of Plastic Enginee

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SHIPS OF THE TWENTY KNOT AMPHIBIOUS FORCE

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Naval Engineers Journal 1965年第3期77卷 377-385页

作者： LARSON, NORMAN O. DEMYTTENAERE, JULES H. OREM, JOHN B. Commander Norman O. Larson USN: is an Engineering Duty Officer of the United States Navy who served in the Army as a sergeant of infantry in Europe during World War II. Appointed to the U. S. Naval Academy in 1945 he graduated in June 1949. After two years in the Amphibious Force U. S. Pacific Fleet on board the USS MOUNT McKINLEY (AGC-7) and one year on the USS BREMERTON (CA-130) during the Korean hostilities he attended Webb Institute of Naval Architecture. Receiving his Master of Science in Naval Architecture in 1955 he served two years as an Assistant Planning and Estimating Superintendent for Fitting Out and New Construction at Boston Naval Shipyard and then two years as Assistant Force Maintenance Officer on the staff of Commander Amphibious Force U. S. Pacific Fleet. From 1959–1961 he attended the University of California Berkeley for advanced work in Hydrodynamics. The next two years were spent at the David Taylor Model Basin as Propeller Program Officer. He has been a Project Coordinator in the Hull Design Branch Ship Design Division in the Bureau of Ships since August 1963. Commander J. H. Demyttenaere U. S. Navy: is an Engineering Duty Officer of the United States Navy and is currently serving as a Project Coordinator in the Hull Design Branch of the Ship Design Division in the Bureau of Ships. He received his B.S. degree in Engineering from the U. S. Naval Academy in 1949. After serving a two year tour on board the USS PHILIPPINE SEA (CV-47) he was ordered to postgraduate training and received the degree of Naval Engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1954. He has served in numerous Engineering Duty Officer billets since 1954 including two years at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in the Production Department two years of Staff Duty with Commander Service Squadron One three years as Design Project Officer at Supervisor of Shipbuilding New York and most recently as Repair Officer in USS ARCADIA (AD-23). Lieutenant Commander John B. Orem Jr. USN: is an Engineering Dut

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SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND MANPOWER IN THE NAVY

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Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 1956年第1期68卷 49-56页

作者： BENNETT, RAWSON USN Chief of Naval Research THE AUTHOR was born on June 16 1905. in Chicago Illinois. He was appointed to the U. S. Naval Academy Annapolis. Maryland from California in 1923. Graduated and commissioned Ensign on June 2 1921 he subsequently advanced to the rank of Captain to date from March 20 1945. In December 1955 he was appointed Rear Admiral to date from January 3 1956. Following graduation in 1927 he joined the USS California flagship of the Battle Fleet. Later in 1928. he was assigned communication duty on the staff of Commander Battle Fleet serving as such until August 1930. In November of that year he reported on board the USS Isabel for duty on Asiatic Station and in October 1932 was transferred to the USS Rochester. He completed his Asiatic tour of duty in the USS Houston in 1933. Detached from this vessel he returned to the United States and joined the USS Idaho. After 7 years of sea duty he returned to Annapolis Maryland for postgraduate instruction in radio (electronic) engineering. He completed the course in May 1936 and was assigned to the University of California Berkeley for additional postgraduate work receiving the Master of Science degree in Electrical Engineering after which he reported aboard the USS Concord. Continuing sea duty he joined the staff of Commander Destroyer Division Nineteen (later redesignated Destroyer Fifty) in April 1938 and served as Radio and Sound Officer until June 1941. Starting in July 1939 he set up the technical program of the first fleet Sound School at San Diego California. In July 1941 he reported to the Bureau of Ships Navy Department Washington D.C. There he served first as Head of the Underwater Sound Design Section of the Radio Division and later Head of Electronics Design Division from 1943 to 1946. He was awarded the Legion of Merit “for exceptionally meritorious conduct” during this tour of duty. Upon leaving the Bureau of Ships in August 1946 he reported as Director of the U. S. Navy Electronics Laboratory Point Loma

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THE NAVAL SHIPYARD COMPLEX

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Naval Engineers Journal 1970年第6期82卷 25-30页

作者： DOLAN, JOHN W. REAR ADMIRAL THE AUTHOR graduated from the U. S. Naval Academy in June 1939 and was commissioned Ensign. He subsequently advanced in rank attaining that of Rear Admiral to date from January 1 1967. His first assignment was aboard the USS PENSACOLA the heavy cruiser operating in the Pacific when the U. S. entered World War II. Detached from the PENSACOLA in May 1942 he received postgraduate instruction in naval architecture and marine engineering at M. I. T. where he earned his M. S. degree in 1944. Designated for Engineering Duty Only in that year he was assigned in November to the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard to serve in connection with aircraft carrier construction and ship repair until November 1946. The next month he joined the Staff of Commander Service Force U.S. Pacific as Fleet Maintenance Officer and in August 1949 reported as Production Assistant to the Director of the Ship Technical Division Bureau of Ships Navy Department. He was Assistant Repair Superintendent at the Charleston (South Carolina) Naval Shipyard for a two-year period ending in July 1956 after which time he attended the Naval War College Newport Rhode Island. Completing the course in June 1957 he was assigned to Puget Sound (Washington) Naval Shipyard. In August 1960 he became Shipbuilding Assistant to the Assistant Chief of the Bureau of Ships for Design Shipbuilding and Fleet Maintenance Navy Department and in April 1963 was detached for duty as Commander San Francisco Naval Shipyard. In December 1965 he assumed command of the Long Beach Naval Shipyard and in October 1967 reported as Fleet Maintenance Officer/Assistant Chief of Staff for Maintenance and Logistic Plans Staff Commander in Chief U. S. Atlantic Fleet. He also held the additional duty as Maintenance Officer Staff Commander in Chief Atlantic and Commander in Chief Western Atlantic. In August 1969 he was ordered for his present duty as Deputy Commander for Field Activities Program Director for Shipyard Modernization and Management Naval Ships Sy

The U. S. Naval Shipyards are a tremendous industrial capability, of irreplaceable value to the Fleet. Their specific capabilities have been tailored to meet the needs of a changing mix of ship types that make up the Fleet today, and the modernization program now underway is keyed to the needs of the Fleet of the future. The workforce in the naval shipyards contains skills and expertise necessary to the maintenance of the complex weapons systems essential to a modern Navy. There are programs to keep the workforce current in an everchanging technology, and also to insure a constant input of trained personnel. The continuation of the Naval Shipyard system, ready and capable to support the fleet, is as important an ingredient of National Defense as the continuation of the Fleet itself. © 1970 by the American Society of Naval Engineers, Inc.

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NAVAL COMMUNICATIONS - A SYSTEM WITHIN A SYSTEM

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1968年第3期80卷 445-&页

作者： SHERWIN, SA USN The author was graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1940 and reported to the USS OKLAHOMA in which he served until December 7 1941. He was aboard during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor during which the ship was capsized. During World War II he served in the USS INDIANA and the USS HANCOCK of which he was gunnery officer until July 1945. For the next three years he studied electronics engineering at the U. S. Naval Postgraduate School at Annapolis Maryland. Since that time he has served on the staff Commander Destroyer Force U. S. Atlantic Fleet the Bureau of Ships (a total of seven years in shipboard electronics and as Head of the Radar Design Branch) at Long Beach Naval Shipyard at the Branch office of the Office of Naval Research in London England and most recently four years as Production Officer of the Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard. Since August 1967 he has been Deputy Commander for the Commodity Acquisition Directorate reporting to the Commander Naval Electronic Systems Command. In 1963 he completed the Advanced Management Program at Harvard University. His previous papers include “The Coordinated Ship Electronics Design Concept” published in this Journal in 1962 and with Captain R. T. Miller USN “The Impact of Electronics on Warship Design” presented at the annual meeting of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers in November 1962.

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