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Sustainability in practice: Analyzing environmental, social and governance practices in leading Latin American organizations' reports

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Cleaner production Letters 2024年 7卷

作者： Hluszko, Cleiton Barros, Murillo Vetroni Souza, Adriano Martins de Ramos Huarachi, Diego Alexis Castillo Ulloa, Micaela Ines Moretti, Vinicius Puglieri, Fabio Neves de Francisco, Antonio Carlos Sustainable Production Systems Laboratory (LESP) Postgraduate Program of Production Engineering (PPGEP) Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) R. Doutor Washington Subtil Chueire 330—Jardim Carvalho PR Ponta Grossa 84017-220 Brazil Department of Industrial Engineering Paraná State University R. Comendador Correia Júnior 117 Paraná Paranaguá 83203-560 Brazil

Sustainable development is crucial for the competitive advantage of industries. However, implementing this business model faces challenges that can impact its integration and compromise the adoption of actions to address environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues that are of interest to stakeholders. To date, no in-depth study has presented the relationship between ESG issues and practical actions employed for sustainable development in companies within the Latin American context. Therefore, this article aims to evaluate the relationships between the main ESG issues and the actions applied to develop this theme in the Latin American industrial context, highlighting the main barriers, opportunities, and implications for this integration. As a methodology, a documentary analysis of 79 reports from Brazil, Peru, Mexico, Chile, Colombia, and Argentina was conducted using the content analysis method. This analysis highlighted central concerns such as climate change, water management, waste management, biodiversity, local communities, diversity, and inclusion. Additionally, a trend of ESG thematic dissemination was identified, which is in an early stage of maturity and lacks studies to quantify and diagnose the environmental impacts of Latin American industries. These findings directly impact the empirical evidence of how the Latin American industry is neglecting social issues, is still developing studies to quantify its environmental impacts, and strongly adheres to the concept and theme of ESG. The conclusions of this study highlight three main points: (i) From 2018 to 2022, 47% of material topics were related to at least one ESG pillar, with a predominance of the environmental dimension, (ii) there was a trend of increased adherence to ESG and improvements in the materiality of reports, and (iii) it is recommended to enhance indicators, accelerate the sustainable transition, and integrate ESG themes into supplier selection and workplace safety to strengthen sus

关键词： Corporate social responsibility ESG Financial performance Sustainability reporting Sustainable business Sustainable disclosure

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Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

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The Lancet Public Health 2025年第3期10卷 e172-e188页

作者： Steel, Nicholas Bauer-Staeb, Clarissa Maria Mercedes Ford, John A. Abbafati, Cristiana Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani Abdelkader, Atef Abdi, Parsa Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola Abolhassani, Hassan Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abukhadijah, Hana J. Abu-Zaid, Ahmed Addo, Isaac Yeboah Addolorato, Giovanni Adekanmbi, Victor Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther Agardh, Emilie E. Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahmad, Danish Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Syed Anees Akinosoglou, Karolina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Al Awaidy, Salah Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed Aldridge, Robert W. Algammal, Abdelazeem M. Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Ali, Abid Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Alicandro, Gianfranco Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Al-Jumaily, Adel Allebeck, Peter Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Al-Rifai, Rami H. Alsabri, Mohammed A. Alshahrani, Najim Z. Aluh, Deborah Oyine Al-Wardat, Mohammad Al-Zyoud, Walid A. Amiri, Sohrab Anderlini, Deanna Andrei, Catalina Liliana Anil, Abhishek Anvari, Saeid Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Aquilano, Michele Arabloo, Jalal Arafat, Mosab Areda, Demelash Aremu, Abdulfatai Armani, Keivan Armocida, Benedetta Ärnlöv, Johan Asaduzzaman, Muhammad Astell-Burt, Thomas Aujayeb, Avinash Ausloos, Marcel Azadnajafabad, Sina Aziz, Shahkaar Azzam, Ahmed Y. Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah Badache, Andreea Corina Badiye, Ashish D. Bahramian, Saeed Baig, Atif Amin Baker, Jennifer L. Bansal, Hansi Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara Barrow, Amadou Barteit, Sandra Bashir, Shahid Bashiru, Hameed Akande Basso, João Diogo Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi Basu, Sanjay Batra, Kavita Bauckneht, Matteo Baune, Bernhard T. Beghi, Massimiliano Beiranvand, Maryam Béjot, Yannick Bell, Michelle L. Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja Belo, Luis Beloukas, Apostolos Beneke, Alice A. Bettencourt, Paulo J.G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhala, Neeraj Bhaskar, Sonu Bisulli, Francesca Bjørge, Tone Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan Carvajal, Alejandro Botero Bouaoud, Souad Brayne, Carol Brenner, H Department of Primary Care and Public Health University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom Office for Health Improvement and Disparities Department of Health and Social Care London United Kingdom Department of Legal and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Rome Italy Hull York Medical School University of Hull Hull United Kingdom Department of Mathematics and Sciences Ajman University Ajman United Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Memorial University St. John's NL Canada Postgraduate Department University of Sierra Sur Miahuatlan de Porfirio Diaz Mexico Yhteiskuntadatatieteen keskus (Centre for Social Data Science) Helsinki Finland Department of Internal Medicine Federal Medical Centre Abuja Nigeria Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institutet (Karolinska Institute) Stockholm Sweden Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy University of Jordan Amman Jordan Medical Research Center Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Memphis TN United States School of Medicine Sydney NSW Australia Centre for Social Research in Health University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Internal Medicine and Alcohol Related Disease Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Rome Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Università Cattolica di Roma (Catholic University of Rome) Rome Italy Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston TX United States Department of Biochemistry Osun State University Osogbo Nigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Medical Sciences Ondo Ondo Nigeria Department of Veteri

Background: Decades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and cause-specific death rates in different European countries related to changes in life expectancy in those countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used data and methods from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 to compare changes in life expectancy at birth, causes of death, and population exposure to risk factors in 16 European Economic Area countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden) and the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales) for three time periods: 1990–2011, 2011–19, and 2019–21. Changes in life expectancy and causes of death were estimated with an established life expectancy cause-specific decomposition method, and compared with summary exposure values of risk factors for the major causes of death influencing life expectancy. Findings: All countries showed mean annual improvements in life expectancy in both 1990–2011 (overall mean 0·23 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·23 to 0·24]) and 2011–19 (overall mean 0·15 years [0·13 to 0·16]). The rate of improvement was lower in 2011–19 than in 1990–2011 in all countries except for Norway, where the mean annual increase in life expectancy rose from 0·21 years (95% UI 0·20 to 0·22) in 1990–2011 to 0·23 years (0·21 to 0·26) in 2011–19 (difference of 0·03 years). In other countries, the difference in mean annual improvement between these periods ranged from –0·01 years in Iceland (0·19 years [95% UI 0·16 to 0·21] vs 0·18 years [0·09 to 0·26]), to –0·18 years in England (0·25 years [0·24 to 0·25] vs 0·07 years [0·06 to 0·08]). In 2019–21, there was an overall decrease in mean annual life expectancy a

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production of charcoal: Industrial unit against handcrafted model

Production of charcoal: Industrial unit against handcrafted ...

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2013 Portland International Conference on Management of engineering and Technology, PICMET 2013

作者： Hatakeyama, Kazuo De Fatima Oliveira Miranda Santos, Sueli Universidade Do Vale Dos Rio Dos Sinos Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering and Systems São Leopoldo Brazil Universidade Tecnologica Federal Do Parana Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering Ponta Grossa Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781890843274

Brazil responds for an approximately one third of the world's charcoal production, with 90% is used to produce pig iron, iron alloys, among others. Surely, 70% of the charcoal is still produced by traditional handicraft method, with almost half of the firewood from the native forests. The pressure for ecologically correct and self-sustainable production has driven the search for cleaner and more efficient technologies. These can contribute to change the present charcoal production model in Brazil. This paper intends to show the research on a metallic vertical cylinder for a charcoal production unit as a model that can meet the basic requirements of being ecologically correct, socially fair, economically and then be culturally accepted to replace the traditional model. According to the sustainability pillars, this model has shown the possibility of a 25% of firewood saving, pointing out to an economical feasibility, an ecologically correct procedure and then to comply with the Brazilian labor legislation, achieving a socially fair condition for the work force. Finally it was evidenced that the process' crucial point is to burn the dirt smoke generated during the wood's carbonization process and the use of the generated heat for a previous drying of the firewood. © 2013 PICMET.

关键词： Charcoal

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production of charcoal: Industrial unit against handcrafted model

Production of charcoal: Industrial unit against handcrafted ...

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Portland International Conference on Management of engineering and Technology (PICMET)

作者： Kazuo Hatakeyama Sueli de Fátima Oliveira Miranda Santos Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering and Systems Universidade do Vale dos Rio dos Sinos Sao Leopoldo Brazil Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana Ponta Grossa Brazil

关键词： production Kilns Heating Metals Economics Carbon dioxide

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Fungal diversity notes 253-366:taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa

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Fungal Diversity 2016年第3期78卷 1-237页

作者： Guo Jie Li Kevin D.Hyde Rui Lin Zhao Sinang Hongsanan Faten Awad Abdel-Aziz Mohamed A.Abdel-Wahab Pablo Alvarado Genivaldo Alves-Silva Joseph F.Ammirati Hiran A.Ariyawansa Abhishek Baghela Ali Hassan Bahkali Michael Beug D.Jayarama Bhat Dimitar Bojantchev Thitiya Boonpratuang Timur S.Bulgakov Erio Camporesi Marcela CBoro Oldriska Ceska Dyutiparna Chakraborty Jia Jia Chen K.W.Thilini Chethana Putarak Chomnunti Giovanni Consiglio Bao Kai Cui Dong Qin Dai Yu Cheng Dai Dinushani A.Daranagama Kanad Das Monika C.Dayarathne Eske De Crop Rafael J.V.De Oliveira Carlos Alberto Fragoso de Souza JoséIde Souza Bryn T.M.Dentinger Asha J.Dissanayake Mingkwan Doilom E.Ricardo Drechsler-Santos Masoomeh Ghobad-Nejhad Sean P.Gilmore Aristóteles Góes-Neto MichałGorczak Charles H.Haitjema Kalani Kanchana Hapuarachchi Akira Hashimoto Mao Qiang He John K.Henske Kazuyuki Hirayama Maria J.Iribarren Subashini C.Jayasiri Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Sun Jeong Jeon Gustavo H.Jerônimo Ana L.Jesus E.B.Gareth Jones Ji Chuan Kang Samantha C.Karunarathna Paul M.Kirk Sirinapa Konta Eric Kuhnert Ewald Langer Haeng Sub Lee Hyang Burm Lee Wen Jing Li Xing Hong Li Kare Liimatainen Diogo Xavier Lima Chuan Gen Lin Jian Kui Liu Xings Zhong Liu Zuo Yi Liu J.Jennifer Luangsa-ard Robert Lücking H.Thorsten Lumbsch Saisamorn Lumyong Eduardo M.Leaño Agostina V.Marano Misato Matsumura Eric H.C.McKenzie Suchada Mongkolsamrit Peter E.Mortimer Thi Thuong Thuong Nguyen Tuula Niskanen Chada Norphanphoun Michelle A.O’Malley Sittiporn Parnmen Julia Pawłowska Rekhani H.Perera Rungtiwa Phookamsak Chayanard Phukhamsakda Carmen L.A.Pires-Zottarelli Olivier Raspé Mateus A.Reck Sarah C.O.Rocha AndréL.C.M.Ade Santiago Indunil C.Senanayake Ledo Setti Qiu Ju Shang Sanjay K.Singh Esteban B.Sir Kevin V.Solomon Jie Song Prasert Srikitikulchai Marc Stadler Satinee Suetrong Hayato Takahashi Takumasa Takahashi Kazuaki Tanaka Li Ping Tang Kasun M.Thambugala Donnaya Thanakitpipattana Michael K.Theodorou Benjarong Thongbai Tuksaporn Thummarukcharoen Qing Tian Saowaluck Tibpromma Annemieke State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesNo 31st West Beichen RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia Department of Botany and Microbiology Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohag 82524Egypt ALVALAB C/La Rochela nº47E-39012 SantanderSpain Micolab Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de FungosAlgas e PlantasDepartamento de BotânicaUniversidade Federal de Santa CatarinaCampus Universitário TrindadeCEP:88040-900 FlorianópolisSanta CatarinaBrazil Department of Biology University of WashingtonBox 351800SeattleWA 98195-1800USA Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006GuizhouPeople’s Republic of China National Fungal Culture Collection of India(NFCCI) Biodiversity and Palaeobiology GroupMACS’Agharkar Research InstituteG.G.Agarkar RoadPune 411004India PO Box 116 HusumWA 98623-0116USA Formerly Department of BotanyGoa UniversityGoaIndia No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaP.O.Goa Velha 403108India *** 345 Shipwatch LaneHerculesCA 94547USA Microbe Interaction Laboratory(BMIT) BIOTECNational Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)113 Thailand Science ParkThanon PhahonyothinTombon Khlong NuengAmphoeKhlong LuangPathum Thani 12120Thailand Academy of Biology and Biotechnology Southern Federal UniversityRostov-on-Don 344090Rostov regionRussia A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese BAntonio“Cicognani” Via Roma Forlì Italy 18 A.M.B.Circolo Micologico“Giovanni Carini”C.P.314BresciaItaly Societàper gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.144Bagnacavallo

Notes on 113 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper,including 11 new genera,89 new species,one new subspecies,three new combinations and seven reference *** geographic and taxonomic range of fungal taxa are *** the Ascomycota the new genera Angustospora(Testudinaceae),Camporesia(Xylariaceae),Clematidis,Crassiparies(Pleosporales genera incertae sedis),Farasanispora,Longiostiolum(Pleosporales genera incertae sedis),Multilocularia(Parabambusicolaceae),Neophaeocryptopus(Dothideaceae),Parameliola(Pleosporales genera incertae sedis),and Towyspora(Lentitheciaceae)are *** introduced species are Angustospora nilensis,Aniptodera aquibella,Annulohypoxylon albidiscum,Astrocystis thailandica,Camporesia sambuci,Clematidis italica,Colletotrichum menispermi,***,Comoclathris pimpinellae,Crassiparies quadrisporus,Cytospora salicicola,Diatrype thailandica,Dothiorella rhamni,Durotheca macrostroma,Farasanispora avicenniae,Halorosellinia rhizophorae,Humicola koreana,Hypoxylon lilloi,Kirschsteiniothelia tectonae,Lindgomyces okinawaensis,Longiostiolum tectonae,Lophiostoma pseudoarmatisporum,Moelleriella phukhiaoensis,***,Mucoharknessia anthoxanthi,Multilocularia bambusae,Multiseptospora thysanolaenae,Neophaeocryptopus cytisi,Ocellularia arachchigei,***,Ochronectria thailandica,Ophiocordyceps karstii,Parameliola acaciae,***,Parastagonospora cumpignensis,Pseudodidymosphaeria phlei,Polyplosphaeria thailandica,Pseudolachnella brevifusiformis,Psiloglonium macrosporum,Rhabdodiscus albodenticulatus,Rosellinia chiangmaiensis,Saccothecium rubi,Seimatosporium pseudocornii,***,Sigarispora ononidis and Towyspora *** combinations are provided for Eutiarosporella dactylidis(sexual morph described and illus trated)and Pseudocamarosporium ***,illustrations and/or reference specimens are designated for Aposphaeria corallinolutea,Cryptovalsa ampelina,Dothiorella vidmadera,Ophiocordyceps formosana,P

关键词： Ascomycota Basidiomycota Neocallimastigomycota Oomycota.Zygomycota Phylogeny Taxonomy New genus New species

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PRESIDENT'S PAGE

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Naval Engineers Journal 2009年第6期109卷

作者： Joseph F. Yurso President Joseph F. Yurso:is currently director of technical development for Q.E.D. Systems Inc. He received a Bachelors of Science in mechanical engineering from The Pennsylvania State University and an Masters of Science in mechanical engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. He also completed a special management program at Carnegie Mellon University. Prior to entering the Navy as an engineering duty officer Mr. Yurso was a refrigeration and air conditioning engineer for the Bureau of Ships. His Navy experience includes engineer officer of a combatant ship submarine type desk quality assurance officer and production officer in naval shipyards and planning officer quality assurance officer and deputy supervisor in Supervisor of Shipbuilding offices. His two command tours were as Supervisor of Shipbuilding Groton Connecticut (1980-81) and Shipyard Commander Portsmouth Naval Shipyard Kittery Maine (1981-84). He was awarded the Legion of Merit for both of these tours. Mr. Yurso has been a member of ASNE since 1964. He is a life member and a sustaining member of the Society. He has been active in several Sections including Charleston Northern and Southern New England and Tidewater. He is a former chairman of the Tidewater Section and was the chairman of the ASNE Fleet Maintenance Symposium in 1991. He served as Council vice president from 1993 to 1996 and as a member of Council for six years. He was a contributing author to the Society's first edition of Naval Engineering and American Sea Power. In 1993 he was awarded the Frank G. Law Award for his dedication and longtime service to the Society. Mr. Yurso maintains memberships in other societies including the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Sigma Xi the American Society for Quality Control Naval Institute and Tidewater Association of Service Contractors. He has held registered professional engineer status in two states and is listed inWho's Who in Science and Engineering.

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The Regional Deterrence Ship (RDS 2010) - A design for littoral warfare in the 2010 timeframe

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1996年第1期108卷 61-72页

作者： Calvano, CN Riedel, JS Professor Charles N. Calvano Capt. USN (Ret.): of the Naval Postgraduate School is responsible for a program in Total Ship Systems Engineering. He is a graduate of the Naval Academy who served as a surface warfare officer. After completion of his graduate education at MIT he became an Engineering Duty Officer and served at Boston Naval Shipyard in several capacities. He was the Repair Facilities Advisor to the Vietnamese Navy the Project Officer for construction of nuclear powered guided missile cruisers (CGNs) at the Supervisor of Shipbuilding Newport News Virginia and served on the staff of the Commander Naval Surface Forces U.S. Atlantic Fleet and later at the Supervisor of Shipbuilding in Portsmouth Virginia in maintenance and overhaul management positions. He was Officer in Charge of the Annapolis Laboratory of the David Taylor Research Center and Commanding Officer of the Engineering Duty Officer School. He retired from active duty in October 1991 after serving in the Naval Sea Systems Command as the Director of the Ship Design Group and of the Advanced Concepts and Technology Group. Lt. Jeffrey S. Riedel USN:is an Engineering Duty Officer currently assigned to the Supervisor of Shipbuilding Bath Maine. He obtained his B.S. degree in Marine Engineering from Maine Maritime Academy in 1986 and his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering plus a Mechanical Engineer's degree from the Naval Postgraduate School in 1993. Lt. Riedel's naval career has included duty aboaqrd USS Wainwright (CG 28) as auxiliaries officer damage control assistant and main machinery officer. Currently he serves as the assistant production officer at SUPSHIP Bath in charge of DDG 51 class construction and delivery.

This paper describes the design of a Regional Deterrence Ship (RDS 2010) for the 2010 timeframe. The requirements for the design were for a ship to operate in littoral areas of the world with a mission of deterring regional conflicts and of hampering the efforts of the aggressor in such a conflict. In addition the ship's mission included the evacuation of friendly personnel as hostilities become likely. The problem countering the littoral threat during times of constrained budgets is addressed. Top level requirements for the design, generated in parallel with ''.... From the Sea'' [1], were used to set the design goals. The paper describes the manner in which littoral warfare changes the nature of the challenges faced by Navy surface combatants, including a ship such as the RDS 2010. A number of factors become more crucial design concerns than for blue water ships, including reduced reaction times, likelihood of attack from hidden land sites, shallow water mines and shallow water USW Certain other factors become less critical in littoral areas and this also has ship design impacts. While some present ship designs can perform some of the tasks needed in a littoral warfare/regional conflict environment, none represents a completely integrated design (hull, mechanical & electrical;combat systems;fiscal and manning constraints;reduced vulnerability;robust self-defense etc.) for a vessel stationed in waters that, without warning, can become hostile. After describing the mission requirements to which the RDS 2010 was designed, the paper discusses the controlling design philosophy and decisions and describes the process used to assess threats to the ship. The process of combat system selection, against the backdrop of expected threat scenarios, is described and the intended approach to integration of the combat system is discussed. In recognition that decreased reaction times and surprise attacks are likely to threaten a ship engaged in regional deterrence, discussions oi

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NTDS - A PAGE IN NAVAL HISTORY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第3期100卷 53-61页

作者： SWENSON, EN MAHINSKE, EB STOUTENBURGH, JS Capt. Erick N. Swenson USNR (Ret.):is a project manager for special projects in the Surface Ship Systems Division Hughes Aircraft Company Fullerton Calif where he has been employed since his retirement from the U.S. Navy in 1975. Originally trained as an electronics technician during WWII in the Captain Eddy program he later received a BS degree in electrical engineering from the University of Rochester Rochester N. Y. in 1950. Subsequent engineering education was received at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Penn. and the Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif. After commissioning he was ordered to duty as the electronics division officer on the USSMissouri(BB-63) and electronics ships superintendent at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard San Francisco Calif. When the design of the Naval Tactical Data System began in the mid-1950s Lt. (j.g.) Swenson was ordered to the Bureau of Ships Navy Department Washington D.C. as the junior engineering duty only officer assigned to the project. From 1962 to 1965 LCdr. Swenson was assigned as the BuShips technical representative on the program at Remington Rand Univac St. Paul Minn. For the next ten years he returned to BuShips/NavSea/NAVSEC as the NTDS project officer. During this time the project expanded considerably foreign military sales were heavily involved and interoperability with other services and countries were established. His final effort on active duty was to instigate the redesign of the previousSpruanceclass destroyers into the newerAdmiral Kiddclass improvement program. He is a registered professional electrical engineer in the State of California listed inWho's Who in the Worldis a life member of ASNE and chairman of the Long Beach/Greater LA Section. Capt. Edmund B. Mahinske USN (Ret.):is an alumnus of the U.S. Naval Academy the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Harvard Business School. His technical background is in electronics and he specialized in the management of programs involving the application of comp

A little over thirty years ago, a group of naval engineers were assembled by the Bureau of Ships to develop a new system approach to the combat information center (CIC). The CIC of World War II, with its “grease pencil” plots and voice telling of tactical information from sensors and other ships, could no longer provide the timely, coordinated reaction to postwar threats. This project group led the Navy into the new world of large-scale, high-speed digital electronics and into a new mode of conducting naval warfare as well. There were no off-the-shelf computers of the requisite capability, size and reliability; what were available were monstrous vacuum tube computers. There were no display equipments that were “conversant” in both the digital language of the computer and the analog language of the sensors and the weapon systems. Who ever heard, at that time, of a computer running a tactical communication net automatically? It was hard enough to find sufficient numbers of engineers who knew what a digital computer was. This paper, by three naval engineers in the implementing engineering office, depicts the evolvement of the Naval Tactical Data systems (NTDS) as they saw it. It discusses the problems that stemmed from the transition from the old world of analog into the new digital world, the system concepts that steered the development; the key decisions that were made; new electronic equipment and processes that became necessary; and the need of the mangagement to face the real world of deadlines, ship schedules and operational requirements.

关键词： NAVAL WARFARE

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THE MACHINERY ALTERATION program

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 138-145页

作者： CIERI, AM KENNEY, LH A.M. Cieri:is the program manager for the Machinery Alteration (MachAlt) Program at the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station (NAVSSES). Mr. Cieri also currently serves as the head Fleet Liaison Unit Atlantic at NAVSSES. He working with Mr. E.T. Kinney Deputy Director Machinery Group Ship Design and Engineering Directorate (SEA 56B) Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) conceived and structured the policy and procedures for the MachAlt Program in FY 83 as a result of a need identified by COMNAVSEA's ShipAlt Improvement Program. Mr. Cieri has been with the NAVSSES (formerly NAVSEC Philadelphia) organization since 1971. He served in the Hull and Deck Machinery Department before moving to his current staff position in 1982. His 23 years of federal service also includes nine years with the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in various assignments in both the planning and production departments. Mr. Cieri has been a member of ASNE since 1979. Mr. Cieri was the recipient of the Joseph Cacciola Technical Achievement Award at NAVSSES in 1984. USN CDR. L.H. Kenney USN:was commissioned out of the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps at Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received his bachelor of science. He holds a master's degree in electrical engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. He has served at the Philadelphia and Boston Naval Shipyards the headquarters of the Naval Sea Systems Command and its predecessor NAVSHIPS as staff officer to Commander Service Squadron Six in the Mediterranean in the USS Essex and with the Joint Military Assistance and Advisory Group Tehran. He is currently the director of Fleet Coordination Office at the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station in Philadelphia.

The ship alteration (ShipAlt) process does not lend itself to the rapid accomplishment of small scale design changes to improve equipment performance and reliability. It is a necessarily lengthy and complex system, designed to deal with very large and costly projects. With one document, it causes replacement or modification of major ship systems. For this reason, ShipAlts are subjected to many reviews and design changes so that the final product will materially enhance the fleet's operational capabilities. The competition for scarce resources has left the Navy with a large number of needed design changes with no programmatic means to accomplish them. Various Navy communities have developed procedures to address this problem. This paper will show how the Naval Sea systems Command-sponsored machinery alteration (MachAlt) program addresses the small design change problem for hull, mechanical and electrical (HM&E) systems. MachAlts are design changes to equipments that do not require system interface changes and may be installed outside of industrial activities. The paper will discuss how the MachAlt concept was developed and will give a status report and assessment of the program to date.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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CARRIER COMBAT ENDURANCE AND REPLENISHMENT REQUIREMENTS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1977年第1期89卷 39-46页

作者： SMITH, CR FOSTER, RE USN Capt. Charles R. Smith Jr. USN:graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1949. He completed his flight training in 1951 and first served in Composite Squadron 33 on board Atlantic and Pacific Fleet aircraft carriers until 1954. He then attended the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School in Aeronautical Engineering and was awarded his Masters degree in SM Aero-Weapons Systems by Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1957 at which time he was ordered to Heavy Attack Squadron ONE embarked in Atlantic ‘Fleet aircraft carriers. He graduated from the Naval War College Command and Staff Course in 1961 and subsequently sensed on the Staff U.S. Naval Safety Center arid was Operations Officer. Executive Officer and Commanding Officer of Heavy Attack Squadron SIX and Reconnaissance Attack Squadron THREE. From 1968 until 1970 he was Executive Officer of the USS John F. Kennedy (CVA-67) when the ship was commissioned and first deployed followed by duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OPNA V) where he served under the Director of Fleet Operations until 1971. Capt. Smith commanded the Fast Combat Support Ship USS Detroit (AOE-4) during her first deployment was Commanding Officer. USS Independence (CV-62): and later returned to OPNAV where he was the Deputy Director of the Aircraft Carrier Programs an assignment which he held until August 1976 when he assumed his present duties as Chief Navy Section MAAG. Greece. Capt. Richard E. Foster USN (Ret.):has been affiliated with Wheeler Industries. Inc. us Program Manager since 1968 when he retired from the U.S. Navy. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy with the Class of 1941 and later attended the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School in Engineering Design. He served at sea as Electrical Officer in the USS Pennsylvania and as Engineer Officer in the USS Indiana and the aircraft carrier USS Wright. His three tours of duty in the Bureau of Ships included the Interior Communication and Fire Control Branch the Machinery Design Division and as Administrative Assistant

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