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Study of low head turbine propellers axial flow for use of micro-hydropower plant (MHP) in Aceh, Indonesia

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1524卷

作者： Pribadyo H Hadiyanto J Jamari Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Teuku Umar University Meulaboh 23615 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia

Low head hydropower has the potential to produce green energy with a minimum on the environment and is one of the best choices for decentralized power plants. Aceh is one of many regions in Indonesia with hilly topography and many river streams. Of the 66 rivers in Aceh that have potential energy sources that can be developed 98.5 percent are low head. Generally, the technique for overcoming altitude problems in low river flows is the use of low head turbines. An important aspect of head power generation techniques is the selection of turbines. The study aimed to study low head propeller turbines for the use of micro hydropower plants. By calculating the main dimensions and main components of the turbine, field experiments were carried out to determine turbine rotation and energy, as well as turbine efficiency at a flow rate of 0.06 m3/sec and a 3.5-meter head. The calculation results obtained by a specific turbine speed of 1.53, runner diameter of 0.30 meters, hub diameter of 0.06 meters, shaft diameter 0.03, runner length 1.08, triangular speed of 30 degrees with the number of blades 4 pieces. From the results of field experiments, the maximum turbine rotation speed is 1828 rpm, the turbine power is 2,530 watts with a voltage between 220 to 240 volts while the maximum efficiency is 57 percent. It can be concluded that propeller-type turbines with the low head are suitable for micro power plants, especially in remote areas.

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Enhancing Biodiesel from Kemiri Sunan Oil Manufacturing using Ultrasonics 2

Enhancing Biodiesel from Kemiri Sunan Oil Manufacturing usin...

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2nd International Conference on Energy, environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2017

作者： Supriyadi, Slamet Purwanto, Purwanto Anggoro, Didi Dwi Hermawan Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas PGRI Semarang Semarang Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Kemiri Sunan (Reutalis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) is a potential plant to be developed as biodiesel feedstock. The advantage of Kemiri Sunan seeds when compared to other biodiesel raw materials is their high oil content. This plant is also very good for land conservation. Due the increasingly demand for biodiesel, research and new methods to increase its biodiesel production continue to be undertaken. The weakness of conventional biodiesel manufacturing process is in the mixing process in which mechanical stirring and heating in the trans-esterification process require more energy and a longer time. A higher and stronger mixing process is required to increase the contact area between the two phases of the mixed substance to produce the emulsion. Ultrasonic is a tool that can be useful for a liquid mixing process that tends to be separated. Ultrasonic waves can cause mixing intensity at the micro level and increase mass transfer, so the reaction can be performed at a much faster rate. This study is to figure out the effect of ultrasonic irradiation on the transesterification process of biodiesel from Kemiri Sunan Oil. © 2018 The Authors, published by EDP sciences.

关键词： Biodiesel

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Regional Model of Smart Construction Waste Monitoring: Household Base Framework in Central Java-Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and environmental science 2020年第1期448卷

作者： M Maryono S M Hastuti N N Rahma A D Roynaldi Sudarno Hadiyanto Department of Urban and Regional Planning Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University-Indonesia Center for Green Infrastructure Resilience and Development (C-Greinde) Master Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Diponegoro University-Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University-Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University-Indonesia

The growth of infrastructure development is currently increasing rapidly in Indonesia. Beside government policy trough their procurement in national, provincial and local level, it is also driven by private sector and per capita as of economic growing and increasing population. In the process physical development, several mixture of material such as stone, cement, sand, demolition material are often left over and discharge. Today Indonesia government will issued construction and demolition waste guideline to make more green and environmental sound. One of the basic problem founded was concerning to the development of model to estimated then monitored construction generation in rural, urban or in a strategic region. Moreover, in the era of digital as known as revolution industry 4.0, an automatic system of monitoring, known as smart monitoring of the construction waste generation is very importance to build. The purpose of this study was to build regional model of smart construction monitoring in Indonesia. The basic method to build the regional model is by utilized an index approach, and combined by using GIS to build automatic information delivery system from rural, urban or region to the central system. This study is then choosed Central Java Province for more detail model development. The study founded 7 (seven) pattern of construction waste generation. The extreme condition founded in Grobogan, Purworejo and Kebumen at which for decade 2000-2014 the degree is waste generation always decrease. In Addition, In central Java Province, this study founded three characteristic of regional model of construction waste as follow: (1) Region with high level of construction waste degree; (2) region with moderate level of construction waste degree; and (3) region with low level of construction waste degree.

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Regional Model Development of Plastic Waste Monitoring: Basic Framework from Population and Public Market in Central Java-Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and environmental science 2020年第1期448卷

作者： M Maryono K Seruyaningtyas A D Roynaldi C M Hastuti N N Rahma Sudarno Hadiyanto Department of Urban and Regional Planning Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University-Indonesia Center for Green Infrastructure Resilience and Development (C-Greinde) Master Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Diponegoro University-Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University-Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University-Indonesia

Recently, Intention to accelerate SGDs achievement and also mitigate climate change impact concerning to regional health, increasing significantly. One of the regional health issues for those is concerning to impcat of plastic waste. Event though plastic is one of the principal materials in the regional market and industry, but then plastic waste arise to be principal problem for regional environmental health indicators since they linked living from land to coastal and to oceans. Many tons of plastic from land accounted enter to costal and or ocean then attack to all living thinks. Moreover they may be able to return to the land as microplastic consumed by fish. Today, quick respond to manage plastic waste have a high assosiation with effort to manage green food cycle as of covering basic regional food and cereal cycle. This study goal is to provide basic model for regional plastic waste degree monitoring. The model is developed by using 'online' population data from regional statistical data and number of public market. GIS tools is used to degree of plastic waste in spatial map. For detail, Central Java Provice was then selected for model assessment. To monitor the plastic waste generation in spatial pattern, online data population for year 1990, 2000, 2010, 2018 and number of traditional market was utilized. The study calculated that the highest degree of plastic waste generation with population-base approach for year 2018 is located in Brebes Regency with estimated 161.53 Ton per day. Semarang city contributed 160.04 Ton per day and total plastic waste generation in Central Java is estimated 3, 090.38. According to the public market location, this study founded that Surakarta, Semarang, Pekalongan and Tegal clasify as high degree of plastic waste ggeneration.

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Hazardous industrial solid wastes management on the cosmetic packaging industry

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2197卷

作者： Ari Dina Permana Citra Purwanto Purwanto Henna Rya Sunoko Sudarno Sudarno 1Green Technology Research Center Doctorate Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia

Hazardous industrial solid wastes require proper management to prevent negative impacts on human’s health and the environment. The generation of paint waste in the cosmetics industry is managed based on the hierarchy of waste management, starting from prevention, and then reduction, reuse, recycle, recovery and waste to product. Technical feasibility studies on improvement of the production and treatment of waste are used as an initial step in the selection of waste management models, followed by consideration of the environmental aspect and health effect of industrial workers. Efforts to reduce waste generation can be done by improving the production process and applying standard operating procedures. Implementing waste to product approach gave economic as well as environmental benefits. This option is possible based on the characteristic of paint waste including toxicity as Lethal Dose 50 and Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure test result. Utilization of paint waste as fuel for boilers is one option, besides the use of paint waste as raw material for making paving blocks.

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The Effect of Mangrove on Fish Catch Using Belat at Teluk Pemedas and Sanipah of Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia 2

The Effect of Mangrove on Fish Catch Using Belat at Teluk Pe...

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2nd International Conference on Energy, environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2017

作者： Sulaiman, Bustam Bambang, Azis Nur Purnaweni, Hartuti Lutfi, Mohammad Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Faculty of Fishery and Ocean Diponegoro University Semarang50275 Indonesia Master Program of Environmental Science School of Post Graduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang50275 Indonesia Faculty of Social Science and Political Science Diponegoro University Semarang50275 Indonesia Department of Oil and Gas Processing Engineering STT MIGAS Balikpapan76127 Indonesia Department of Petroleum Engineering STT MIGAS Balikpapan76127 Indonesia

The increasing population at Teluk Pemedas and Sanipah coastal areas of Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, has led to coastal degradation. The problem was mainly caused by conversion of mangrove into aquaculture, agriculture, plantation industrial, and residential areas. This research was a study case, used descriptive analysis to describe the local fishermen activity using belat traditional device to catch fish. The results revealed that there were many fishermen still did not know the benefits of mangrove for economy growth, ecological, ecotourism etc. This condition affects to the decline of the mangrove function. Fisherman who used belat often move from one location to another location in order to find places that have many catches. The belat which are placed in good environment mangrove areas produces lots of catches that greatly benefit the fisherman, therefore mangrove ecosystem must be well preserved for the sustainability of fishermen's efforts to earn a living. © 2018 The Authors, published by EDP sciences.

关键词： Fish

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An effect of humid climate on micro structure and chemical component of natural composite (Boehmeria nivea-Albizia falcata) based wind turbine blade 2

An effect of humid climate on micro structure and chemical c...

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2nd International Conference on Energy, environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2017

作者： Sudarsono, S. Purwanto, P. Sudarsono, Johny W. Department of Mechanical Engineering Institut Sains Dan Teknoogi AKPRIND Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Indonesia Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Diponogero Semarang Indonesia Depart. of Material and Metallurgy Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Jakarta Indonesia

In this work, wind turbine blade NACA 4415 is fabricated from natural composite of Boehmeria nivea and Albizia falcate. The composite fabrication method used is hand lay up method. The aim of the work is to investigate an effect of humid climate of coastal area on micro structure and chemical composition of composite material of the blade. The wind turbine is tested at Pantai Baru, Bantul, Yogyakarta for 5.5 months. The micro structure scanning is performed with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and material component is measured with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The samples are tested before and after the use within 5.5 month at the location. The results show that composite material inexperienced interface degradation and insignificant change of micro structure. From EDS test, it is observed that Na filtration reduces C and increases O in composite material after 5.5 months. © 2018 The Authors, published by EDP sciences.

关键词： Microstructure

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Nano titania reinforced limestone cement: Physico-mechanical investigation

Nano titania reinforced limestone cement: Physico-mechanical...

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International Conference on Materials science and engineering: Recent Advances and Challenges, ICMSE-RAC 2018

作者： Abdelzaher, M.A. Hamouda, Asmaa S. Ismail, Ibrahim M. El-Sheikh, M.N. Environmental Science and Industrial Development Department Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef Egypt Renewable Energy Engineering Program University of Science and Technology Zewial City of Science and Technology Giza Egypt Department of Production Technology Faculty of Industrial Education Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9783035713541

This work studies physical and mechanical properties of limestone cement pastes blended by TiO2 nanoparticles (i.e., particle size less than 100 nm). Three mixtures of 5,10 and 25 wt% of limestone partially replaced cement/clinker by TiO2 nanoparticles. Fillers are carefully selected which reinforcing cement workability or water retention they could be inert or have slightly hydraulic properties. Limestone is most common filler that fills the pores between cement particles due to the formation of monocarboaluminate, while nanoparticles increase the hydration C-S-H gel product and calcium titanium silicate which hardened the cement pastes. Nanoparticles show a great effect in reinforcing the mechanical strength of cement pastes due to the fact that TiO2-nanoparticles act as active nuclei site forming C-S-H gel observed as honeycomb-like plus improving cement to water demined (W/C) ratio. SEM analysis proves that the morphology of cement structure is well arranged and compacted leads to enhance the compressive strength by 20%. © 2018 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Particle size

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Agronomic Evaluation of Legume Cover Crops for Sustainable Agriculture

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Russian Agricultural sciences 2018年第1期44卷 31-38页

作者： Giliane Aparecida Vicente da Silva Souza Tancredo Augusto Feitosa de Souza Djail Santos Elica Santos Rios Gilmara Juliana de Lima Souza Postgraduate Program in Agronomy Agrarian Sciences Centre Federal University of Paraiba Areia Brazil Postgraduate Program in Soil Science Department of Soils and Rural Engineering Agrarian Sciences Centre João Pessoa Brazil Environmental and Agrarian Science Centre Paraiba State University Campina Grande Brazil

The agronomic characteristics of different legume cover crops and their effects on soil chemical properties were investigated in a short-term field study. We compared weed biomass, nitrogen equivalence, growth rate, leaf chlorophyll content, cover crop biomass, soil total organic carbon, and soil total nitrogen under eight different legume cover crops in a short-term field experiment. We found the highest growth rate, cover crop dry biomass, N plant content, and N contribution with C. ochroleuca plants, whereas for leaf chlorophyll content, soil organic carbon, and total nitrogen the highest values were found with M. pruriens. We did not find any significant difference among C. ochroleuca and M. pruriens for cover crop dry biomass. Our findings suggest that the incorporation of cover crops into the soil can change positively the soil chemical properties, such as soil organic carbon and total nitrogen. Our results also highlight the importance of considering the short-term effect of cover crops on the tropical soil fertility maintenance, in this case, Regosol.

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Perception of the community on the use of biogas as alternative energy (Case study: Jetak Village, Getasan sub district)

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and environmental science 2020年第1期481卷

作者： A Putri Purwanto H Purnaweni Study Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Semarang State University Semarang Indonesia Faculty of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Faculty of Social Science and Political Science Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to know public perception of biogas users in Jetak Village, Semarang Regency viewed from technological aspect, technical (biogas installation), biogas benefit, economy and environment. The method used qualitative descriptive with qualitative descriptive approach. The technique of determining key informants was done by purposive sampling. Data were obtained from cattle ranchers who lived in the study sites through interviews, observation and documentation. The result of this research is overall the perception about biogas energy get a positive response from user society. However, there are some things that should be considered for the government and others in providing assistance that is necessary to consider the evaluation and monitoring periodically so that the constraints experienced by the user community can be known early and can be found right solutions. In addition, the sustainability of the use of biogas energy can be done from generation to generation not just the aid which in the end becomes only useless materials.

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