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Ship Propeller Rotation Threshold to Prevent Erosion and Sedimentation in Coastal Waters

哈尔滨工程大学学报(英文版) 2024年第4期23卷 798-811页

作者： Abdul Kadir I.Istadi Agus Subagio I.Iskendar W.Waluyo Abdul Muis Dewi Kartikasari Siti Sadiah A.B Widagdo M.P Helios Mochammad Nasir N.Nurhadi Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate StudiesUniversitas DiponegoroSemarangCentral Java 50275Indonesia Research Center for Transportation Technology National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jakarta 10340Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas DiponegoroSemarangCentral Java 50275Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and MathematicsUniversitas DiponegoroSemarangCentral Java 50275Indonesia Research Center for Hydrodynamic Technology National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jakarta 10340Indonesia Research Center for Energy Conversion and Conservation National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jakarta 10340Indonesia Directorate of Laboratory Management Research Facilitiesand Science and Technology ParkNational Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jakarta 10340Indonesia

The rotation of a ship’s propeller can accelerate the water flow around it,which puts pressure on seabed *** pressure on the seabed can significantly trigger erosion and sedimentation of coastal *** the impact that can be caused,the ship’s propeller rotation limit needs to be determined to avoid damage to the aquatic *** research determines the threshold of ship propeller rotation based on the water flow velocity *** has been carried out at the Hydrodynamics Laboratory on several variations of propeller rotation R_(rmp)(r/min)and water depth using empirical approaches,numerical simulations,and scale model *** based on general standard criteria for erosion and sedimentation shows that a propeller with a diameter(D_(p))of 1.5 m is safe for propeller rotation at 25 r/min at all water ***,the propeller rotation of 75 r/min is safe for a distance between the propeller axis and the bottom of the water equal to D_(p).Meanwhile,rotation at 120 r/min is safe at a minimum distance of 1.5 D_(p),and 230 r/min is safe for a minimum distance of 2.0 D_(p).The propeller rotation threshold criteria are essential to determining the new under-keel clearance for environmentally friendly ship *** values vary based on seabed particle type and water depth.

关键词： Landing craft tank Water flow velocity Seabed erosion Under keel clearance

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Pedestrian ways arrangement to support the green campus idea: Lesson from UNDIP Tembalang campus 5

Pedestrian ways arrangement to support the green campus idea...

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5th International Conference on Energy, environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2020

作者： Adi Prasetya, Nararya Purwanto, P. Maryono, Maryono Master Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Urban and Regional Planning Faculty Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Centre for Green Infrastructure Resilience and Development School of Postgraduate Diponegoro University Indonesia

Providing more space for non-motorized transportation will change the orientation of how people use the road. The first step of changing the orientation of city development which is car-oriented to people-oriented is how to look at the overall existing road users. Accessibility is the basic part of how an area develops, including on a university development. UI Greenmetric as a parameter of university achieving how it can be called a green campus. Not only designing a good campus, but the 'sustainable' policy also cannot be separated from creating a comfortable environment. The current condition of Diponegoro University's open green space reaches less than 60%, while Undip Tembalang already has a pedestrian lane, but is not utilized properly. The research method uses descriptive analysis of the literature articles on how important the pedestrian path that has been done at other universities. The results show that improving and changing the road design effect. Relating to the comfort of people walk affects how the pedestrian path had used. The official regulations from the university also have an impact on reducing the use of motorized vehicles. Improving accessibility for students to use public transportation and non-motorized transportation could reduce emissions in the campus's environment. © The Authors, published by EDP sciences, 2020.

关键词： Urban growth

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Enhancing Dye Wastewater Treatment Efficiency In Ozonation Membrane Contactors by Chloro- and Fluoro-Organosilanes’ Functionality on Hydrophobic Pvdf Membrane Modification

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Le, Thi My Hanh Nuisin, Roongkan Mongkolnavin, Rattachat Painmanakul, Pisut Sairiam, Sermpong International Postgraduate Program in Hazardous Substance and Environmental Management Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Water Science and Technology for Sustainable Environment Research Group Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Physics Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Bangkok10330 Thailand Research Unit on Technology for Oil Spill and Contamination Management Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand

This work investigated the decolorization of dye wastewater using an ozonation membrane contactor. The hydrophobicity of a PVDF membrane was developed by applying novel plasma activation followed by grafting with methyltrichloroalkylsilane (PVDF–MTCS) and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H–perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (PVDF–FAS–C8) at different grafting times and grafting agent concentrations. After hydrophobic membrane modifications, the ozonation membrane performances were improved. The ozone flux of PVDF–FAS–C8 was higher and more stable, maintaining 88% of the initial flux after 20 h, compared to 79% and 53% for the PVDF-MTCS and original membranes, respectively. After 90 mins, COD removals of Direct Blue 71 (DB 71) and Reactive Red 239 (RR 239) by the ozonation membrane contactor using PVDF–FAS–C8 were 62.5% and 67.5%, and TOC removals were 20% and 23%, respectively, with almost complete decolorization. The releases of sulfate and nitrate ions confirmed the dye mineralization. By applying a PVDF –FAS-C8 membrane, energy consumption was 33.2% lower than when using the original membrane. The findings exhibited that the performance of ozonation membrane contactor improved was due to the role of the functionality on modified PVDF membranes. The PVDF-MTCS membrane had a higher silicon composition and better surface roughness than the PVDF-FAS-C8 membrane. The water contact angle (WCA) of the PVDF-MTCS membrane was higher than that of the PVDF-FAS-C8 membrane, increasing from 74.7 o (original) to 126.0 o and 112.7 o , respectively, after 6 h of grafting, leading to reduced membrane wetting. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Membranes

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The effectiveness of domestic wastewater treatment in reducing BOD and COD levels: A literature review

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2683卷

作者： Yuli Handayani Syafrudin Syafrudin Suherman Suherman Master Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia

80% of the use of clean water by the community becomes wastewater which must be managed first before being discharged into surface water bodies not to cause disturbances to the water body environment, public health, and environmental aesthetics. This study examines the effectiveness of seven reactors for domestic wastewater treatment in reducing levels of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). These reactors are the Moving Bed Biofilter Reactor (MBBR) with kaldness media, only MBBR, filtration pipes, the addition of papaya seed bio coagulant, Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB), pipes filled with soil, and a combination of filtration and Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR). This research was conducted with a descriptive method of literature review. The results showed that the reactors, respectively, reduced BOD levels by 83.3%; 78.9%; 15.75%; 93%; 36.9%; 76%; and 79%. They were able to reduce COD levels by 84.2%; 80.58%; 16.79%; 93%; 67.8%; 58%; and 68%. The addition of papaya seed bio coagulant is the most effective reactor to reduce BOD and COD because it contains tannin compounds that have effective clotting ability.

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The biological treatment method for landfill leachate 5

The biological treatment method for landfill leachate

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5th International Conference on Energy, environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2020

作者： Ilhami Firiyal Imtinan, Siti Purwanto, P. Yulianto, Bambang Master Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Marine Sciences Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Currently, waste generation in Indonesia is increasing;the amount of waste generated in a year is around 67.8 million tons. Increasing the amount of waste generation can cause other problems, namely water from the decay of waste called leachate. Leachate can contaminate surface water, groundwater, or soil if it is streamed directly into the environment without treatment. Between physical and chemical, biological methods, and leachate transfer, the most effective treatment is the biological method. The purpose of this article is to understand the biological method for leachate treatment in landfills. It can be concluded that each method has different treatment results because it depends on the leachate characteristics and the treatment method. These biological methods used to treat leachate, even with various leachate characteristics, also can be combined to produce effluent from leachate treatment below the established standards. © The Authors, published by EDP sciences, 2020.

关键词： Leachate treatment

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An environmental Study on the Paid Plastic Bag Use Policy in the city of Semarang 5

An Environmental Study on the Paid Plastic Bag Use Policy in...

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5th International Conference on Energy, environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2020

作者： Muslihun, Muhammad Dwi Anggroro, Didi Kismartini, Kismartini Master Program of Environmental Studies School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Public Administration Department Faculty of Social and Political Science Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Indonesia is the second largest contributor of plastic waste in the ocean. The initiative of the central government through KLHK in reducing the generation of plastic waste is to launch a paid plastic bag policy. This policy is regulated by a circular issued by KLHK to local governments and business actors. The purpose of this study is to analyse the implementation of policies, analyse consumer behaviour and analyse the supporting and inhibiting factors in the paid plastic bag policy which is applied in the city of Semarang. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. Data collection uses primary and secondary data. The results showed that the paid plastic bag policy had the support of the local government, businesses and consumers. Various efforts have been made as a form of support to reduce waste generation in accordance with the objectives of this policy. Although consumers know and support this policy, it does not change consumer behaviour much. They still use plastic bags from retail when they finish shopping. Consumers have no objections to paying IDR 200. This policy does not bring many significant changes in consumer behaviour in using new plastic bags, despite the tendency of consumers to know the impact of plastic bag waste if it is not managed properly. Consumers still seem indifferent in considering plastic bag waste as an urgent waste priority. So that this policy is still less effective in changing consumer behaviour. © The Authors, published by EDP sciences, 2020.

关键词： Consumer behavior

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Evaluating the impacts of environmental and human health of the critical minerals mining and processing industries in Indonesia using life cycle assessment

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Case Studies in Chemical and environmental engineering 2024年 10卷

作者： Wahyono, Yoyon Sasongko, Nugroho Adi Trench, Allan Anda, Martin Hadiyanto, Hadiyanto Aisyah, Nyayu Anisah, Anisah Ariyanto, Novy Kumalasari, Isnaeni Putri, Virny Zasyana Eka Lestari, Mutia Citrawati Panggabean, Lambas Parlaungan Ridlo, Rohmadi Sundari, Sundari Suryaningtyas, Anissa Dewi Novianti, Endah Dwi Hakim, Muhammad Raihan Farras Prihatin, Anggara Lomak Matin, Hashfi Hawali Abdul Research Center for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN Prof. BJ. Habibie Complex Area Banten Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia Energy Security Graduate Program Republic of Indonesia Defense University IPSC Sentul Area West Java 16810 Indonesia Centre for Exploration Targeting School of Earth Sciences The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia UWA Business School 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia Environmental Engineering Murdoch University Murdoch 6150 WA Australia Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Central Java Semarang 50241 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Central Java Semarang 50275 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Vocational School Gadjah Mada University Sleman Yogyakarya 55281 Indonesia Study Program of Environmental Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Sebelas Maret Central Java Surakarta 57126 Indonesia

The critical minerals industries in Indonesia may pose possible environmental and human health risks due to the release of pollutants into soil, water, and air, as well as the use of materials and energy. This study investigates the possible environmental and human health impacts of Indonesia's nickel, gold, copper, tin, and bauxite mining and processing industries. This study utilizes the latest version of the OpenLCA software, version 2.0, in combination with the Ecoinvent 3.8 database. To evaluate potential environmental consequences and health effects on humans, CML-IA Baseline and environmental Priority Strategies (EPS) are employed in product development. The EPS system was developed utilizing a hierarchical methodology with the objective of furnishing the product developer with data regarding the financial impact of human health impairment resulting from a particular product development. The production of one tonne of gold, nickel, bauxite, tin, and copper results in the emission of 7.34.E+07, 4.61.E+04, 3.10.E+04, 1.02.E+04, 8.01.E+03 kg CO₂ eq/t, respectively, contributing to global warming. This production is associated with asthma cases of 7.79.E+01 (gold industry), 2.21.E−03 (copper industry), 1.81.E−03 (tin industry), 9.21.E−04 (nickel industry), and 4.71.E−06 (bauxite industry) Personyears/t. Electricity consumption and the release of carbon dioxide are the main factors contributing to global warming. The primary cause of asthma cases is the utilization of fuel oil and electricity. Power plant chimneys can employ various technologies, such as cyclones, bag filters, and scrubbers, to mitigate the release of polluting gas emissions. The critical mineral industry must prioritize handling and governing of steam power facilities to minimize their negative effects on the environment and human health. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Critical minerals industries environmental impacts Human health impacts Life cycle assessment

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A Review of Carbon dots (CDs) Application in Sensing and Removing Medical Waste 5

A Review of Carbon dots (CDs) Application in Sensing and Rem...

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5th International Conference on Energy, environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2020

作者： Alkian, Ilham Sutanto, Heri Aprimanti Utami, Bella Rafika Duri, Inten A'Yuni, Dewi Qurrota Hadiyanto, H Master Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Smart Materials Research Center Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Carbon dots materials (CDs) have the capability in the management of medical waste problem because of its advantage in the detection and degradation of pollutants. The synthesized CDs through various processes and raw materials have been applied to medical wastes, especially antibiotics such as tetracycline (TC), amoxicillin (AMX), para-Nitrophenol (p-NP), doxycycline (DC), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and oxytetracycline (OTC). These antibiotics are detected by utilizing changes in the luminescence property of CDs from the turn-off and turn-on mechanisms. Afterward, the degradation process is conducted using CDs as support materials agent semiconductors in the photosynthesis scheme. In general, CDs can be referred to as multifunction smart materials with the ability to detecting the presence of the antibiotics in simple, sensitive, and selective ways, and potency of medical pollutant removal clearly and effectively. © The Authors, published by EDP sciences, 2020.

关键词： Antibiotics

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Perception of the community on the use of biogas as alternative energy (Case study: Jetak Village, Getasan sub district)

Perception of the community on the use of biogas as alternat...

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Life and environmental sciences Academics Forum 2018, LEAF 2018

作者： Putri, A. Purwanto Purnaweni, H. Study Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Semarang State University Semarang Indonesia Faculty of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Faculty of Social Science and Political Science Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to know public perception of biogas users in Jetak Village, Semarang Regency viewed from technological aspect, technical (biogas installation), biogas benefit, economy and environment. The method used qualitative descriptive with qualitative descriptive approach. The technique of determining key informants was done by purposive sampling. Data were obtained from cattle ranchers who lived in the study sites through interviews, observation and documentation. The result of this research is overall the perception about biogas energy get a positive response from user society. However, there are some things that should be considered for the government and others in providing assistance that is necessary to consider the evaluation and monitoring periodically so that the constraints experienced by the user community can be known early and can be found right solutions. In addition, the sustainability of the use of biogas energy can be done from generation to generation not just the aid which in the end becomes only useless materials. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biogas

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Electrolysis results in a comparison of metformin using aluminum, zinc, and iron (as the anode) as well as used carbon (as the cathode) 9

Electrolysis results in a comparison of metformin using alum...

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9th International Seminar on New Paradigm and Innovation of Natural sciences and Its Application, ISNPINSA 2019

作者： Suhartana, S. Purwanto, P. Darmawan, A. Doctoral Program in Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Departement of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Departement of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia

Metformin is an antidiabetic drug that can be obtained easily in pharmacies/on the market, because it is traded freely, so people can easily buy and consume it. Ferrous metal, aluminum metal, and zinc metals are metal quite easy to find and are often used by the public. Metformin and Ferrous metal, aluminum metal and zinc metals are metal are quite familiar in the community. This research aims to deconcentrate metformin which can be obtained easily in pharmacies / on the market by electrolysis method, using ferrous metal, aluminum metal, and zinc metals are as an anode and carbon as the cathode. Electrolysis of metformin has been carried out using ferrous metal, aluminum metal, and zinc metal as an anode. The success of the electrolysis process was seen with a decrease in the sample COD index. In the case without the addition of electrolytes using ferrous metals, the COD index of the sample reduction was very low (9-17%). This research aims to increase the success of the electrolysis process, by adding various kinds of electrolytes, such as acetic acid (weak electrolytes), hydrochloric acid (strong electrolytes), sodium chloride and Fenton reagents. The addition of electrolytes can increase electrolysis yield significantly. The interaction between metformin during electrolysis is traced to the possibility of changes in the chromophore group (with UV-Visible spectra) and the functional group (with FTIR spectra) of the sample. From the research data obtained information that there is a decrease and shift in UV-Visible spectra and changes in functional groups after the electrolysis process occurs. The best electrolysis percentage is obtained, after adding NaCl solution and Fenton's reagent in the range of 50 -66%. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Electrolytes

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