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The influence of plastic waste on the properties of lime-based mortars

Frontiers of Structural and civil engineering 2025年第3期19卷 477-487页

作者： Vasiliki PACHTA Angeliki-Christina VEDINOGLOU Sofia FLEVARAKI Laboratory of Building Materials School of Civil EngineeringAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Interdepartmental Program of Postgraduate Studies‘Protection Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Monuments’ Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece

The increasing consumption of plastics, and the threat of environmental impact of their disposal, renders the management of their waste of interest. In the present study, an effort has been made to investigate the influence of waste polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polypropylene (PP) of various origin in lime-based mortars, applied in the restoration of traditional structures. Nine mortar compositions (based on lime and natural pozzolan) were designed, manufactured and tested, in which natural aggregates were partially substituted by waste plastics (in proportions of 12.5% and 25% v/v of aggregates). According to the research results, shrinkage deformations were reduced in the short term in all modified compositions, porosity showed slight changes, while apparent specific gravity and capillary absorption index were decreased. Mechanical properties were enhanced in the case of the PVC and the lower PP flakes addition (12.5% v/v), while compressive strength was reduced around 5%–25% in the higher proportion (25% v/v). Generally, it could be asserted that the 12.5% v/v proportion of waste plastics offered benefit, and in particular PVC addition was beneficial in terms of physico-mechanical properties, rendering the exploitation of plastic waste in lime-based systems feasible.

关键词： plastic waste lime mortars pozzolan polypropylene polyvinyl chloride

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Evaluation of HDPE plastic waste as a coarse aggregate substitute in Hot Rolled Sheet-Wearing Course asphalt mixtures 1

Evaluation of HDPE plastic waste as a coarse aggregate subst...

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1st engineering and Science International Conference 2024, ESIC 2024

作者： Desriantomy, D. Siantoni, J. Murniati, M. Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Palangka Raya Kampus UPR Tunjung Nyaho Yos Sudarso Street Kotak Pos 2/PLKUP Palangka Raya Central Kalimantan73111 Indonesia Doctoral Program in Environmental Science Postgraduate Program Universitas Palangka Raya Kampus UPR Tunjung Nyaho Yos Sudarso Street Kotak Pos 2/PLKUP Palangka Raya Central Kalimantan73111 Indonesia

Plastic-based goods are commonly used in daily life, but their waste poses significant environmental challenges due to its durability. This study investigates the use of recycled plastic as an artificial coarse aggregate in asphalt mixtures, specifically assessing the effects of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) on Hot Rolled Sheet Wearing Course (HRS-WC) mixtures. The objectives are to evaluate the physical properties of the artificial coarse aggregates, identify the optimal asphalt content and Marshall characteristics, and determine the maximum feasible substitution level for these aggregates. A test specimen (briquette) was produced for the Marshall test to assess the mixture properties. Our findings indicate that the maximum allowable substitution of HDPE plastic in HRS-WC mixtures is 42%. With an optimal asphalt content of 7.30%, HDPE substitution levels of 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, and 50% yielded the highest stability at 45% (1176.696 kg), the highest VMA at 30% (21.250%), and the highest VIM within specifications at 30% (4.998%). The highest VFB value was observed at 45% (88.767%), while the highest Marshall Quotient was at 30% (364.527 kg/mm). The study recommends a maximum HDPE plastic waste substitution level of 40%, highlighting the potential for using HDPE plastic waste in asphalt mixtures to promote more sustainable construction practices. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aggregates

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Effects of Superabsorbent Polymers on Autogenous Shrinkage and Microstructure in Metakaolin-Based Cementitious Materials

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Palma e Silva, Arthur Aviz Capuzzo, Valdirene Maria Silva da Silva, Eugência Fonseca Agostinho, Lívia Borba Pereira, André Maués Brabo University of Brasília Postgraduate Program in Structures and Civil Construction DF BrasíliaCEP: 70910-900 Brazil Federal Fluminense University Department of Computer Science RJ Rio de JaneiroCEP: 22290-240 Brazil Federal University Uberlândia Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering Minas Gerais UberlandiaCEP: 38408-100 Brazil

The use of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) in combination with supplementary cementitious materials like metakaolin presents an opportunity to enhance concrete performance while addressing environmental concerns in construction, lowering CO2 emissions by clincker substitution. This study investigates the behavior of high-strength microconcrete incorporating SAPs and metakaolin, evaluating their feasibility and sustainability for construction applications. Three microconcrete and paste mixes were analyzed: a reference mix and two mixes containing 0.15% and 0.30% SAP by cement mass. All mixes included a 10% metakaolin substitution by cement mass and maintained the same water/cement ratio, without additional curing water for SAPs. Fresh-state tests assessed consistency and specific mass, while hardened-state tests measured elastic modulus. Autogenous shrinkage was evaluated through linear volumetric variation using dial gauges. Microstructural analysis of the pastes and microconcretes involved thermogravimetry, isothermal conduction calorimetry, and X-ray microtomography. The results highlight the beneficial effects of SAPs with metakaolin, including enhanced hardened state properties and refined pore structure, achieved despite the absence of extra curing water. SAPs contributed to increased pozzolanic activity in metakaolin, likely due to delayed water release from SAP desorption. Furthermore, SAPs effectively mitigated autogenous shrinkage, making their application in concrete mixes promising. These findings emphasize the dual benefit of improving concrete performance and advancing environmental sustainability, showcasing the potential of SAPs and metakaolin in producing high-performance, eco-friendly concrete solutions for the construction industry. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hardening

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Reuse of sludge from photo-Fenton process and further application as a catalyst in electrochemical processes for the treatment of landfill leachate

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Waste Management 2025年 202卷 114796页

作者： de Araujo Vidal, Iana Chaiene Cardozo, Jussara Câmara Barbosa Segundo, Inalmar Dantas dos Santos, Elisama Vieira Martínez-Huitle, Carlos Alberto Rodrigues Rocha, Elisângela Maria Postgraduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Paraiba University City Paraiba João Pessoa Brazil Renewable Energies and Environmental Sustainability Research Group Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Campus Universitário Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil SP São Paulo05508-020 Brazil

To evaluate the potential of sludge from solar photo-Fenton to be transformed into a catalyst for the heterogeneous electro-Fenton (EF) process, some parameters were investigated, including (i) the impact of heat treatment on catalytic activity through structural and compositional analysis of the iron species (100, 600 and 750 °C);(ii) analysis of the effect of pH and current density (j) on the decolorization and decarbonization efficiency;and (iii) the generation of high-value organic acids. The calcination of sludge to 600 and 750 °C presents changes in the multiferroic structures but does not enhance its catalytic activity, given the similarity of the treatment results of landfill leachate with the catalyst with and without calcination. The treatment of leachate via heterogeneous EF using sludge dried at 100 °C and under pH 3 achieves better results than the treatment without pH adjustment. At the evaluated j values (30, 60 and 90 mA/cm2), Chemical Oxygen Demand removal efficiencies of 47 %, 48 % and 50 % were respectively found, and Total Organic Carbon abatements of 36 %, 36 % and 42 % were reached. Despite the low effluent mineralization, high value-added products (carboxylic acids) are formed during 240 min of EF, with the possibility of selective electroconversion into acetic and formic acid. Regarding decolorization, a successful result was found with the j of 90 mA/cm2, which achieved almost 90 % color removal. Finally, a final treatment strategy is proposed using the sludge only dried to 100 °C, followed by heterogenous EF with acidification to pH 3 and j of 60 mA/cm2. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Leachate treatment

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Effects of superabsorbent polymers on autogenous shrinkage and microstructure in metakaolin-based cementitious materials

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Case Studies in Construction Materials 2025年 22卷

作者： Palma e Silva, Arthur Aviz Capuzzo, Valdirene Maria Silva Silva, Eugênia Fonseca da Pereira, André Maués Brabo Agostinho, Lívia Borba Postgraduate Program in Structures and Civil Construction DF BrasíliaCEP: 70910-900 Brazil Department of Computer Science RJ Rio de JaneiroCEP: 22290-240 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering Uberlandia Minas GeraisCEP: 38408-100 Brazil

The incorporation of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) and metakaolin in high-strength microconcrete offers a promising strategy to enhance performance while reducing environmental impact through clinker substitution. This study evaluates the feasibility and sustainability of SAP-modified microconcretes by analyzing fresh and hardened-state properties, autogenous shrinkage, and microstructural characteristics. Three microconcrete and paste mixes were investigated: a reference mix and two containing 0.15 % and 0.30 % SAP by cement mass, all with 10 % metakaolin substitution and a constant water/cement ratio without additional curing water. The results demonstrated that SAP effectively mitigated autogenous shrinkage, with MKSAP30 reducing shrinkage by 53 % compared to the reference mix. Microstructural analysis revealed a significant refinement in the pore network, reducing the average pore diameter from 508.76 µm (MKREF) to 214.65 µm (MKSAP30), despite an increase in total porosity. Moreover, SAP-modified mixes exhibited improved hydration efficiency, as evidenced by increased C-S-H formation and calcium hydroxide content in thermogravimetric analysis. The elastic modulus increased by 5.2 % and 13.9 % for MKSAP15 and MKSAP30, respectively, suggesting that enhanced hydration and pozzolanic activity offset the expected mechanical loss due to porosity. These findings highlight the dual benefits of SAP incorporation: improving concrete performance while promoting sustainability. The synergy between SAP and metakaolin enhances durability and mechanical properties, making SAP-modified microconcrete a viable solution for high-performance and environmentally friendly construction applications. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Shrinkage

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Investigation of the immersion resistance of the HRS-WC mixtures with applying static loading 7

Investigation of the immersion resistance of the HRS-WC mixt...

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7th International Conference on engineering, Technology, and Industrial Application, ICETIA 2020

作者： Sunarjono, S. Hidayati, N. Magfirona, A. Prakoso, A.D. Civil Engineering Postgraduate Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Indonesia Civil Engineering Study Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Indonesia

The inclusion of rainwater often compounds the damage to the road before reaching the plan life through the surface and shoulders of roads. This can lead to the release of aggregates and exfoliation of asphalt on the surface layer. The study aims to determine the level of road durability against the Marshall, volumetric, and durability properties of the HRS-WC mixture. The study used various static loading 100 Kpa, 150 Kpa, and 200 Kpa with immersion. In the immersion method, there are two differences, namely, immersion with and immersion without loading. The test objects' loading using a simple and economical test tool utilizes the beams and iron cylinders obtained from the laboratory, testing using Marshall Test. The results of the analysis obtained the durability of unloading soaked value higher than the load. The analysis results showed that the durability of the mixture was soaked seven days with a load of 100 KPa was 77.40%, for 150 Kpa amounted to 52.02%, and for 200 KPa, which is 47.67%. Analysis results showed a 7-day immersion value with a cumulative load of 68.38%, while analysis results showed a seven day immersion value with periodic loading of 75.43%. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Durability

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Spread of BIM: A comparative analysis of scientific production in Brazil and abroad

Spread of BIM: A comparative analysis of scientific producti...

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20th Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction, IGLC 2012

作者： Carneiro, Thaís M. Lins, Deborah M. De O. Neto, José De Paula Barros Program of Postgraduate in Civil Engineering UFC Campus of Pici Fortaleza Brazil

This paper is a bibliometric research that aim to compare Brazilian and international scenario in BIM technology in the last two years. The study aims to search for the best-known authors;the amount of their publications;academic authors titles that appear more frequently;identify which institutions publish more articles, both in Brazil and abroad;and detect which countries invest more in research on the subject under examination. To this end, a research was carried out in articles published in annals of events and national and international academic journals specifically in the years 2010 and 2011. The articles should contain in their titles, abstracts or keywords at least one of the 13 terms considered necessary to be selected for analysis. It was concluded that despite being incipient, studies on BIM have been evolved, showing an increasing number of academic research. In that context, Brazil had an important participation in international publications, as well as foreign universities have also contributed to publications on BIM in Brazilian events.

关键词： Architectural design

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A bibliometric study of graphic variables used on tactile maps 24

A bibliometric study of graphic variables used on tactile ma...

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2020 24th ISPRS Congress - Technical Commission IV on Spatial Information Science

作者： Araújo, N.S. Delazari, L.S. Fernandes, V.O. Júnior, M.A. Postgraduate Program in Geodetic Sciences Federal University of Paraná Brazil Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering Federal University of Bahia Brazil

Tactile maps are accessible for visually impaired people. Therefore, studies on the use of graphic variables in tactile cartography are necessary. A search for papers related to the keyword "tactile map"was conducted in the Scopus database and in the annals of the International Cartographic Conference, between the years 2009 and 2019, with the objective of identifying in the international literature the topics concerning to graphic variables, especially those related to color code systems. Among the full manuscripts found in the Scopus and International Cartographic Association databases, the countries with the largest number of publications in the tactile cartography field were Brazil, United States, Greece, Spain and Germany. The main topics related to tactile maps in the last 10 years were: visual impairment, navigation and wayfinding, perception, universal design, among others. Some of the papers suggest the representation of colors for colorblind people, but there is a gap regarding the use of color codes as graphic variables on tactile maps. © 2020 Authors.

关键词： Color

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Value stream mapping of the design process in a design-build firm 35

Value stream mapping of the design process in a design-build...

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35th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction and International AEC/FM Hackathon: The Future of Building Things, ISARC 2018

作者： Torres, L.A. Souza, M.C.S. Xavier, A.C.B. Melo, R.S.S. Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781510869028

With a scenario of intense difficulties faced by the construction industry, improvements of the productive processes are demanded in order to make them more efficient, optimizing resources such as human, materials and financial ones, aggregating quality to the delivered product. Thus, this study aims the application of a methodology of improvement in the design process, under the lean approach, in a design-build firm, including the usage of the tool Value Stream Mapping (VSM). The VSM is initiated from the first contact with the customer to the final design and construction documents delivery. As a result, high levels of interruption and waiting for information have been detected. It has been verified a total lead time of 50 days, with only 21.28% corresponding to the effective execution time of activities. The analysis of the negotiation phase indicates a consumption of 32% of the total cycle time and in the design phase it was observed that just 30.68% of the time is utilized on activities which generate value for the customer. Besides, there is a loss of €84.93 in materials and services. With the implantation of kaizens, it is proposed to lower the total lead time in half of the initial amount. Therefore, the simple usage of lean tools contributes to reduce waste. © ISARC 2018 - 35th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction and International AEC/FM Hackathon: The Future of Building Things. All rights reserved.

关键词： Construction industry

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Analytical Evaluation of Natural Frequencies in Hollow-Core Slabs: A Practical Methodology for civil engineering Applications

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Iranian Journal of Science and Technology - Transactions of civil engineering 2024年第2期49卷 1979-1991页

作者： Zenatti, Carlos N. Silveira, Guilherme S. Gidrão, Gustavo M. S. Novak, Paulo Rogério Bosse, Rúbia Mara Silvestro, Laura Marcos, Lara K. Civil Engineering Postgraduate Program PPGEC Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR) Paraná Pato Branco Brazil

This study presents an analytical methodology for predicting the natural frequencies of hollow-core slab panels, addressing a significant research and application need in structural engineering. The study suggests a numerical–experimental calibration utilizing the Finite Element Method (FEM) via ANSYS software to assess the modal response of hollow-core slabs validated according to literature study. Through the development of Irvine’s equation, this research proposes a simplified methodology for determining the natural frequency of slabs. The slabs were modeled as simply supported beams, and Irvine’s equations have been applied to simplify several degrees of freedom structure (SDOF) and determine the natural frequencies for various spans. The validation of the numerical–experimental model indicates a maximum error of 8.32% in the third vibration mode, demonstrating the accuracy and practicality of the proposed analytical method. This approach could be useful in determining the vibration serviceability presented in Brazilian Standard Procedure for the Design of Concrete Structures. It can help engineers and manufacturers to estimate structural compliance and vibration serviceability. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Shiraz University 2024.

关键词： Analytical method Hollow-core slab Modal analysis Natural frequency

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